Shanghai 3:d of December 2009Mikael Troberg,
Director Testing and PerformanceWärtsilä
Industrial Operations / R&D
Medium speed 4 stroke engines Life-cycle Costs –
The Impact of Fuel and Emissions
Marintec
China 2009
CIMAC CIRCLE 2009
2 © Wärtsilä MTZ-Konferenz 2009 D. Delneri
NOx reduction technologies
Lifecycle cost
Summary and Conclusions
List of content
3 © Wärtsilä MTZ-Konferenz 2009 D. Delneri
NOx reduction technologies
Lifecycle costLifecycle costLifecycle cost
Summary and ConclusionsSummary and ConclusionsSummary and Conclusions
List of content
4 © Wärtsilä Cimac Shanghai 3.12.2009 Mikael Troberg
The global approach to reduce engine emissions
NOx reduction technologies
5 © Wärtsilä Cimac Shanghai 3.12.2009 Mikael Troberg
High pressure TC sys. (2-stage) (ca. NOx -40%)Low NOx combustion tuning (ca. NOx -10%)EGR system (ca. NOx -60%)Charge air humidification (ca. NOx -40%)Water Fuel Emulsion (ca. NOx -25%)Direct Water Injection (ca. NOx -50%)SCR system (ca. NOx -80%)Gas engine and Fuel conversion (ca. NOx -85%)
NOx reduction technologies
NOx Reduction Potential
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Tier 3
6 © Wärtsilä Cimac Shanghai 3.12.2009 Mikael Troberg
NOxNOxNOx reduction technologiesreduction technologiesreduction technologies
Lifecycle cost
Summary and ConclusionsSummary and ConclusionsSummary and Conclusions
List of content
7 © Wärtsilä Cimac Shanghai 3.12.2009 Mikael Troberg
Summary of fuel prices assumptions
• Crude oil = 90 $/bblConservative assumption; crude oil price might be subject to a dramatic increase due to
”crunch” between demand and supply
• HSFO = 485 USD/Mt €
≈
350 €/Mt Price correlated to crude oil
• MGO = 1,8 * price of HSFOPrice correlated to HSFO
• LSFO (0,5%S) = 1,3 * price of HSFOPrice correlated to HSFO
• LNG = 1,4 * price of HSFOPrice correlated to crude oil and than compared to HSFO
NOTE: price factor considers the different energy content of fuels
8 © Wärtsilä Cimac Shanghai 3.12.2009 Mikael Troberg
Tier 3 Lifecycle cost (25 y) –
4-S solutions / LSF in ECA
Tier III Tech. lifecycle cost (25 year) - 4-stroke engine
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Base
line
(LS
F in
EC
A)
NOR
Tier
3
2-St
age
+ DW
I +in
t EG
R
DF e
ngin
e
2-S
tage
+E
xter
nal E
GR
Fuel
Con
v.(G
aspa
ck +
DF
engi
ne)
Ext
EG
R +
DWI
2-st
age
Tier
2 +
NOR
2-st
age
+ N
OR
Del
ta C
ost,
€/K
W
Regional Trade
Worldwide Trade
80% ECA (T3)
20% ECA (T3)
Delta cost from Tier II baseline
Baseline Tier II operating on LSF in ECA
SCR solution
Gas engine
Gas engine
Valuable alternatives to SCR alone (2-stage options)
SCR
SCR
SCR
9 © Wärtsilä Cimac Shanghai 3.12.2009 Mikael Troberg
Tier 3 Lifecycle cost (25 y) –
4-S solutions / Scrubber + HFO in ECA
Tier III Tech. lifecycle cost (25 year) - 4-stroke engine
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
SCR
Tie
r3
2-S
tage
+ D
WI +
int E
GR
DF
engi
ne
2-S
tage
+E
xter
nal E
GR
Fuel
Con
v.(G
aspa
ck +
DF
engi
ne)
Ext E
GR
+ D
WI
2-sg
tage
Tie
r2 +
SCR
2-st
age
+ S
CR
Del
ta C
ost,
€/K
W
Regional Trade
Worldwide Trade
Lifecycle cost estimation is very sensitive to fuel and urea market price scenario. No option at this
stage can be easily dropped out
10 © Wärtsilä Cimac Shanghai 3.12.2009 Mikael Troberg
NOxNOxNOx reduction technologiesreduction technologiesreduction technologies
Lifecycle costLifecycle costLifecycle cost
Summary and Conclusions
List of content
11 © Wärtsilä Cimac Shanghai 3.12.2009 Mikael Troberg
Summary and conclusions
The upcoming IMO Tier III emission limit is very challenging. 3 main technologies will be available:
Engine technologies
After treatment
Fuels i.e. Gas
Operation flexibility between different emission areas will be a success factor for the future engine concepts. (CR technology and variable valve timing)
Required fuel quality (LSF) in the ECA area will probably affect significantly the lifecycle cost for the ship operators, consequently scrubber technology implementation could become a key factor
Top Related