Medieval PeriodSOCIAL SCIENCE III
COURSE OUTLINE FOR THE 3RD QTR (SOCIAL SCIENCE III)
MIDDLE AGES FEUDALISM CHIVALRY THE CHURCH as a powerful institution▪ REFORMS AND CRUSADES
THE RENAISSANCE THE REFORMATION INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION *
PROJECTS
CAF SEGREGATION PROJECT, as usual.
A surprise project which will be formally introduced in class after the long break.
MIDDLE AGES
Middle Ages Franks Monastery Secular Carolingian
Dynasty Charlemage Lord Fief
Vassal Knight Serf Manor Tithe Chivalry Tournament troubadour
MEDIEVAL EUROPE
This period of history in Europe succeeded the fall of the great Roman Empire.
Medieval Europe – new institutions emerged to replace those of the fallen Roman Empire. They were fragmented unlike the
civilizations in China and Southwest Asia.
GERMANIC FORCES ATTACK ROMAN EMPIRE
ROMAN EMPIRE
GERMANIC TRIBES
BROUGHT WITH
DISRUPTION OF TRADE Business collapsed as a
result of recurring invasions.
DOWNFALL OF CITIES Romans abandoned
cities as centers of administration.
POPULATION SHIFTS From city to countryside
(URBAN to RURAL)
THEM
DECLINE OF LEARNING Germanic invaders: NO
READ, NO WRITE.
LOSS OF A COMMON LANGUAGE Latin began to be
fragmented▪ FRENCH▪ SPANISH▪ Other Roman based
languages
EMERGENCE OF GERMANIC KINGDOMS
Germanic kingdoms replaced Roman provinces.
Church is the only institution which survived the fall of the Roman Empire. The Church provided order
and security. Important part in the
Medieval History of Europe.
CHANGES OCCURRED DURING THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
ROMAN SOCIETY
Loyalty to the public government
Written law
GERMANIC SOCIETY
Family ties and personal loyalty
Unwritten rules and traditions
CHRISTIANITY IN A ROMAN REGION
FRANKS are a Germanic people who held power in the Roman province of Gaul. Their first king was named Clovis who
was said to have brought Christianity to this region.
The Church in Rome welcomed Clovis’s conversion and supported his military campaigns against other Germanic peoples. This marked the beginning of an alliance
between two powerful forces/ institutions, the Kingdom and the Church.
SPREADING OF CHRISTIANITY IN GERMANIC REGIONS
POLITICS Church and King converted many
Germanic people.
MISSIONARIES – borders of the Roman Empire
FEAR OF COASTAL ATTACKS BY MUSLIMS
MONASTERIES AND CONVENTS
BENEDICT
Wrote a book on practical set of rules for monasteries.
MONASTERY- religious communities that the Church built to adapt to rural conditions.
SCHOLASTICA
Adapted the same rules for women.
An example of a monastery
POPE’S EXPANSION OF POWER
SECULAR means worldly, power involved in politics.
Gregory the Great broadened the authority of the papacy.
CENTRAL THEME: Churchly kingdoms ruled by a Pope
A SECULARIZED POPE
POPE’S PALACE- center of the Roman government.
Church revenues for raising armies, repairing roads, helping the poor.
Negotiating peace treaties with invaders (ex. Lombards)
Pope being the Mayor of Rome
CHANGES IN THE POWER
OF THE POPE
CLOVIS AND HIS DESCENDANTS
Roman Empire was divided. England = seven
tiny kingdoms. Franks = controlled
Gaul, the largest and strongest of Europe’s kingdoms.
Clovis- first king of Gaul. ▪ Started and
strengthened the Merovingian Dynasty.
Major Domo= mayors of the palace. Became the most
powerful person in the kingdom.
In charge of the royal households and estates (official responsibility)
Commanded armies and made policies.
CHARLES MARTEL
Extended Franks’ reign to the North, South, and East of Gaul.
Also defeated a Muslim raiding party from Spain at the Battle of Tours.
PEPIN THE SHORT
Succeeded Charles Martel.
Supported the Church in their fight against the Lombards (invading Central Italy).
“King by the Grace of God.”
Started the Carolingian Dynasty.
CHARLEMAGNE
Pepin the Short left two successors, Carloman and Charles.
CHARLES- would eventually be known as Charlemagne. A tall, bold man who stood 6’4” Einhard says he was “the most potent prince with
the greatest skill and success in different countries during the forty-seven years of his reign.”
Doubled the area of his father’s reign His conquests helped spread Christianity Is the first German “Roman Emperor”. WHY WAS IT HISTORIC?
CHARLEMAGNE’S POWER
Limited the authority of the nobles
Regularly visited every part of his kingdom.
Judged cases, settled disputes, rewarded followers.
Encouraged learning English, German,
Italian, and Spanish scholars
Opened a palace school for the children at the court.
Monasteries opened schools that trained monks and priests
CHARLEMAGNE’S HEIRS
Louis the Pious – devoutly a religious man
Lothair
Charles the Bald
Louis the German
TREATY OF VERDUN- divided Charlemagne’s empire into 3 kingdoms.
ASSIGNMENT
FAMILIARIZE YOURSELF WITH THE MAP OF CHARLEMAGNE’S EMPIRE.
TAKE HOME QUIZ QUESTIONS WHAT IS FEUDALISM? WHERE DOES
FEUDALISM BASE ITS POWER? DESCRIBE THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE PRESENT IN THIS PERIOD.
COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE FEUDALISM THAT EXISTED IN JAPAN AND CHINA WITH THE ONE THAT EXISTED IN EUROPE.
DRAW THE TYPICAL MANOR THAT EXISTED DURING THIS ERA.
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