MATTERMATTERDefinition of matter.Definition of matter.
Properties of matter.Properties of matter.
Classification of matter.Classification of matter.
Physical states of matter.Physical states of matter.
Physical changes in matter.Physical changes in matter.
Chemical changes in matter.Chemical changes in matter.
WHAT IS MATTER?WHAT IS MATTER?
Matter is everything around us that has Matter is everything around us that has
massmass and takes up and takes up spacespace. Matter can be . Matter can be
solid, liquid or gas. solid, liquid or gas. RocksRocks, , living thingsliving things, ,
waterwater and and airair are examples of matter. are examples of matter.
Matter is made up of tiny particles, called Matter is made up of tiny particles, called
atomsatoms. Some atoms join together to make . Some atoms join together to make
groups known as groups known as moleculesmolecules..
WHAT IS MATTER?WHAT IS MATTER?
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
MASS
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
SOLUBILITY
HARDNESS
DENSITY
VOLUME
PROPERTIESPROPERTIES OF MATTEROF MATTER
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
MASSMASS
Mass is the amount of matter in an object.Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
We measure mass in grams or kilograms.We measure mass in grams or kilograms.
An apple has greater mass than a grape.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
VOLUMEVOLUME
Volume is the amount of space an object Volume is the amount of space an object
occupies. Bigger objects have more occupies. Bigger objects have more
volume than smaller objects. We measure volume than smaller objects. We measure
volume in litres or mililitres.volume in litres or mililitres.
A car has larger volume than a motorcycle.
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITYTHERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
Thermal conductivity is the ability of Thermal conductivity is the ability of
certain objects to conduct or transfer heat. certain objects to conduct or transfer heat.
Most metals are good heat conductors.Most metals are good heat conductors.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
SOLUBILITYSOLUBILITY
Solubility is the ability of a substance to Solubility is the ability of a substance to
dissolve in other substance and form a dissolve in other substance and form a
solution.solution.
Sugar dissolves well in water, whereas oil does not.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
HARDNESSHARDNESS
Hardness is the scratch-resistance of a Hardness is the scratch-resistance of a
solid.solid.
Diamonds are the hardest natural solids.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
DENSITYDENSITYDensity is the amount of matter in a volume. We measure density Density is the amount of matter in a volume. We measure density
in kilograms per litre (Kg/l)in kilograms per litre (Kg/l)
density= mass/volumedensity= mass/volume
Density explains why some objects float in water while others sink.Density explains why some objects float in water while others sink.
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
PROPERTIES OF MATTERPROPERTIES OF MATTER
DENSITYDENSITY
Does it Does it floatfloat or does it or does it sinksink? Why?? Why?
densitydensity
corkcork 0,25 kg/l0,25 kg/l
waterwater 1,00 kg/l1,00 kg/l
ironiron 7,90 kg/l7,90 kg/l
Cork has a lower density than water. It floats!
Iron has a higher density than water.It sinks!
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTERCLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
According to its composition, matter can According to its composition, matter can
be classified into pure substances and be classified into pure substances and
mixtures.mixtures.
Pure substancesPure substances are made up of only are made up of only
one type of matter.one type of matter.
MixturesMixtures are made up of two or more pure are made up of two or more pure
substances.substances.
Silver or table salt are examples of pure substances.
Sand or chocolate milk are examples of mixtures.
Heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous mixture
SEPARATING DIFFERENT TYPES SEPARATING DIFFERENT TYPES OF MIXTURESOF MIXTURES
FiltrationFiltration. . It´s used to separate It´s used to separate solidssolids from from liquidsliquids in in
heterogeneousheterogeneous mixtures. mixtures.
EvaporationEvaporation. . It´s used to separate It´s used to separate solidssolids from from liquidsliquids in in
homogeneoushomogeneous mixtures. mixtures.
DistillationDistillation. . It´s used to separate It´s used to separate liquidsliquids in in homogeneoushomogeneous
mixtures that boil at different temperatures.mixtures that boil at different temperatures.
THE PHYSICAL STATES OF THE PHYSICAL STATES OF MATTERMATTER
SolidsSolids have a fixed volume and shape. have a fixed volume and shape.
LiquidsLiquids have a fixed volume, but not a fixed have a fixed volume, but not a fixed shape. shape.
GasesGases don´t have a fixed volume or shape. don´t have a fixed volume or shape.
PHYSICAL CHANGES IN MATTERPHYSICAL CHANGES IN MATTER
A new substance is produced. A new substance is produced. OxidationOxidation. . When substances combine with When substances combine with
oxigen. It produces rustoxigen. It produces rust
CombustionCombustion. . When objects or substances When objects or substances are burned. It produces smoke and ashes.are burned. It produces smoke and ashes.
CHEMICAL CHANGES IN MATTERCHEMICAL CHANGES IN MATTER
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