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Page 1: Master Plan for Guwahati Metropolitan Area – 2025 - Assam · Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority is pleased to publish the following Notice regarding the publication of

Master Plan for Guwahati Metropolitan Area – 2025

Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority

Page 2: Master Plan for Guwahati Metropolitan Area – 2025 - Assam · Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority is pleased to publish the following Notice regarding the publication of

Master Plan for Guwahati Metropolitan Area – 2025

Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority

GUWAHATI METROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY

N O T I F I C A T I O N

GMDA/MP/1/98/Part-I/103 dated 7th July, 2009 - In exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of Section 21 of the GMDA Act 1985 the Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority is pleased to publish the following Notice regarding the publication of the new final Master Plan and the Zoning Regulation 2025 for Guwahati as approved by Govt. under Section 19 of GMDA Act 1985 vide Govt. order No. GDD. 91/1997/395 dated 09/06/2009 for the area described in the Schedule-I.

NOTICE FOR THE PUBLICATION OF THE MASTER PLAN AND THE ZONING REGULATION 2025 FOR GUWAHATI

1. It is notified that the new final Master Plan and Zoning Regulation 2025 for Guwahati, prepared by Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority is hereby published for operation with effect from 07/07/2009.

2. The final Master Plan and the Zoning Regulation together with all relevant papers and maps may be inspected free of cost during office hours at the

offices of The Chief Executive Officer, Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority, Bhangagarh, Guwahati-5, The Deputy Commissioner, Kamrup (Metro) and Kamrup, The Palasbari and North Guwahati Revenue Circle Offices, Guwahati Municipal Corporation and North Guwahati Town Committee. Copies of the Master Plan and Zoning Regulation and soft copy of report and maps are available at the office of The Chief Executive Officer, Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority, Bhangagarh, Guwahati-5 for sale.

Sd/-

Chief Executive Officer Guwahati Metropolitan Dev. Authority Bhangagarh, Guwahati-5

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Master Plan for Guwahati Metropolitan Area – 2025

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SCHEDULE-I

A. SITUATION AND AREA: - Districts : Kamrup (Metro) and Kamrup

1. Approximate area : Existing Master Plan and Guwahati Metropolitan Area -262 sq. km.

2. Approximate new area : 66 sq. km.

3. Approximate Total Area : 328 sq. km.

1. Mouzas and Villages included in the existing Master Plan for Greater Guwahati:

Mouzas Villages

Silasindurighopa : Nort-Guwahati, Rudreswar, Gouripur, Abhoypur, Tilinggaon, Sila Grant, Ghorajan, Nomalijalah, Amingaon.Pub Bangsar : Charmajuli pam. Dakhin Rani : Barjhar, Kahikuchi, Jugipara. Chhayani : Kaithasidhi. Jalukbari : Garalgaon, Ajaragaon, Dharampur, Upar Mirjapur, Mikirpara Chakardai, Dipar Bill, Pamohi, Dehangarigaon, Kacharigarigaon,

Pachim Jalukbari, Dakhin Jalukbari, Maj-Jalukbari, Uttar Jalukbari, Sadilapur, Tetelia, Pachim Baragaon, Pub Baragaon, Pub Baragaon N.C., Pachim Baragaon N.C., Tetelia N.C., Gotanagar, Maligaon, Durgasarobar N.C., Fatasilgaon N.C., Kamakhya, Gorpandu, Kumarpara, Pandu, Bharalumukhgaon, Jugipara.

Beltola : Dhalbama, Betkuchi, Jutikuchi, Fatasilgaon, Barsapara, Greenwood Grant, Odalbakra Grant, Odalbaragaon, Dakhingaon, Saukuchi, Saru-Sajoi, Bar-Sajoi, Natbama, Hatigaon, Jatia, Kahelipara-gaon, Kahelipara N.C., Dispur, Dispur N.C., Bhagargaon Grant, Japarigog, Hengrabari N.C., Hengrabari Garden, Hengrabarigaon, Saru Mataria, Rukunigaon, Bar Mataria, Khanapara, Maidam, Basistha, Basistha Grant, Basisthagaon, Duar-Andha, Bagharbari, Satgaon, Birkuchigaon, Birkuchi N.C., Kalitakuchigaon, Kalitakuchi N.C., Nunmati, Modghoria N.C., Modghoria No. 1, Modghoria No. 2, Nunmati Garden, Bondagaon, Bonda Grant-I, Bonda Grant-II, Bonda N.C., Kharghuligaon, Sunsali Grant, Kharghuli Gaon, Kharghuli N.C., Jansimalu, Jansimalu N. C.

Ulubari : Ulubari New Town, Sarania New Town, Bamuni Maidan New Town, Nunmatigaon, Ulubari, Bamuni Maidam, Ramcha Hill Grant, Chunsali Grant, Clarence Grant, Kharghuli New Town.

Guwahati : Guwahati

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2. Description of the new area:

Sl. No.

Addition Location Area (sq. km.)

1 New Town-I (Special Scheme Area).

Nort-East of GMA (Sila-Matiya-Najirakhat-Fulung area)

14

2 New Town-II (Special Scheme Area).

Nort-West of GMA (Charmajulipam-Gandhmau-Ambari-Bamun Soalkuchi area)

23

3 New Town-III South-West of GMDA (Panchniyapara-Sajjanpara-Gaiyapara-Alibari-Tarapatipara area)

19

4 Marginal adjustment in boundary and inclusion of Pamohi Village (Special Scheme Area).

10

Total 66 Villages proposed in new towns: New Town-I 1. Sila Gaon Part, 2. Jalah Gaon, 3. Balai Beel, 4. Bamuni Gaon, 5. Fulung, 6. Rang Mahal, 7. Barchandra, 8. Barchandra Grant, 9. Chang Chari Part New Town-II 1. Char Majuli Pam, 2. Charmajuli Gaon, 3. Dali Bari, 4. Singimari, 5. Rawmari, 6. Gondh Mou, 7. Kismat Bangsor, 8. Ambari, 9. Nij Bangsor, 10. Rakhakhinir Char, 11. Bamun Bari. New Town-III 1. Jabe, 2. Patgaon, 3. Sajanpara, 4. Mati Kuturi, 5. Paseniapara, 6. Jangalipara, 7. Kamargaon, 8. Rajapani Chnada, 9. Andherijuli, 10. Rangapara, 11. Kachari Ali Bari, 12. Losana, 13. Batabari, 14. Shathikapara, 15. Malhata, 16. Deor Ali Gaon.

Sd/- Chief Executive Officer Guwahati Metropolitan Dev. Authority

Bhangagarh, Guwahati-5

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Table of Contents 1 Introduction ...................................................................................... 14 1.1 Historical Background ........................................................... 14 1.2 Location and Linkages .......................................................... 14 1.2.1 Geographical Location .......................................................... 14 1.2.2 Regional Linkages ................................................................. 14 1.3 Local Administration ............................................................. 15 1.4 Planning Efforts ..................................................................... 15 1.4.1 Guwahati Metropolitan Area-2001 ............................. 16 1.4.2 Guwahati Metropolitan Area 2025 (GMA 2025) ....... 16 2 Vision and Goals .............................................................................. 18 3 Population and Employment ............................................................ 25 3.1 Population Growth: Guwahati Metropolitan Area ........................... 25 3.2 Population Estimates ........................................................................ 25 3.3 Floating Population .......................................................................... 26 3.4 Age-Sex Composition ...................................................................... 26 3.5 Population Distribution .................................................................... 26 3.6 Employment Distribution-2025 ........................................................ 26 4 Economic Base and Work Areas ...................................................... 27 4.1 Background ...................................................................................... 27 4.2 Work-force ........................................................................................... 4.3 Sectoral Composition ....................................................................... 27 4.4 Major Work Areas –Trade and Commerce ...................................... 27 4.5 Wholesale Trade ............................................................................... 28 4.5.1 Area requirement of Wholesale Markets – 2025 ........ 29

4.5.2 Integrated Freight Complex ........................................ 29 4.5.3 Existing Wholesale Market ........................................ 30 4.6 Retail Trade ...................................................................................... 30 4.6.1 Tier I: City Commercial Centre: Central Business District ........... 30 4.6.2 Tiers II and III: District Commercial Centres and Community Commercial Centres .................................................................................. 30 4.6.3 Percentage Floor Area Break-up for District Commercial Centres .................................................................................. 31 4.6.4 Tiers IV and V– Neighbourhood Shopping Centres and Housing Area Shopping Centres ............................................................... 31 4.6.5 Activities at different tiers ......................................... 32 4.7 Informal Sector ................................................................................. 33 4.8 Weekly market ................................................................................. 33 4.9 Industries .......................................................................................... 33 4.10 Distribution of Employment – 2025 ................................................. 34 5 Transport .......................................................................................... 34 5.1 Guwahati Transport System ............................................................. 34 5.1.1 The Concern .......................................................................... 34 5.1.2 Study Area and Traffic Zones ............................................... 34 5.1.3 Traffic Survey........................................................................ 34 5.1.4 Road Network Characteristics ............................................... 35 5.1.5 Traffic Characteristics ........................................................... 35 5.1.6 Household Characteristics ..................................................... 35 5.1.7 Trip Characteristics ............................................................... 39 5.1.8 Population ............................................................................. 39 5.1.9 Employment ......................................................................... 39 5.1.10 Student Facilities .................................................................. 39 5.1.11 Economy ............................................................................... 40 5.1.12 City Structure ....................................................................... 40 5.2 Travel Demand Forecast .................................................................. 40 5.2.1 Travel Demand - Intercity ...................................................... 40 5.2.2 Travel Demand – Intra City .................................................... 40

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5.2.3 Modal Split ............................................................................. 41 5.3 Policy Framework ............................................................................ 41 5.4 Transport System Development Plan ............................................... 42 5.4.1 State and Regional Level ........................................................ 42 5.4.2 City Road Network ................................................................. 42 5.4.3 Public Mass Transport System ............................................... 44 5.4.4 Light Rail Transit System ...................................................... 44 5.4.5 Bus System ............................................................................. 45 5.4.6 Terminals ............................................................................... 46 5.4.7 Passenger Terminals .............................................................. 46 5.4.8 Traffic Management Plans .................................................... 48 5.4.9 Improvement of Intersections ................................................ 48 5.4.10 Pedestrian Facilities ............................................................... 49 5.4.11 Parking Policy ....................................................................... 49 5.4.12 Goods Movement .................................................................. 55 5.4.13 Environment .......................................................................... 58 5.5 Institutional Arrangement - Guwahati Integrated Transport Board and Office ............................................................................................... 59 6 Physical Infrastructure ...................................................................... 59 6.1 Water supply .................................................................................... 59 6.1.1 Present Water Supply Status ................................................. 59 6.1.2 Norms for Water Supply ....................................................... 60 6.1.3 Projected Water Demand in different Planning Units ........... 60 6.1.4 Water Requirement for Major Industries/Railways/Airports ........ 60 6.1.5 Water Intake, Treatment and Distribution ............................. 61 6.2 Sewerage .......................................................................................... 62 6.2.1 Existing Sewerage System .................................................... 62 6.2.2 Projected Wastewater Generation ......................................... 63 6.2.3 Disposal of Industrial Effluent .............................................. 63 6.2.4 Proposed Domestic Sewage Disposal System ....................... 63 6.3 Water Supply and Sewerage for New Towns .................................. 64 6.3.1 Water Supply ......................................................................... 64 6.3.2 Sewerage ............................................................................... 65

6.4 Drainage ........................................................................................... 66 6.4.1 Drainage Basins ..................................................................... 66 6.4.2 Guwahati Drainage Studies ................................................... 66 6.4.3 Present Drainage Situation .................................................... 67 6.4.4 Inadequate Drains .................................................................. 67 6.4.5 Flooding of drainage system ................................................. 67 6.4.6 Possible Solutions and Further Action .................................. 67 6.5 Solid Waste Management ................................................................. 68 6.5.1 Solid Waste from Specific Specialized Areas ....................... 69 6.5.2 Quality of Solid waste Generation ........................................ 70 6.5.3 Landfill Area Requirement .................................................... 70 6.6 Power 55 6.6.1 Power Demand ...................................................................... 71 6.6.2 General Recommendations for Improvement in Transmission & Distribution of Power Supply ................................................................... 71 7 Social Infrastructure ......................................................................... 73 7.1 Components of Social Infrastructure ................................................ 73 7.2 Education .......................................................................................... 73 7.2.1 System of Education in the State ........................................... 73 7.2.2 Primary and Senior Secondary Schools ................................ 73 7.2.3 Higher Education ................................................................... 74 7.3 Health ............................................................................................... 75 7.3.1 National Health Policy .......................................................... 75 7.3.2 Existing Situation .................................................................. 75 7.3.3 Norms for Health facilities .................................................... 75 7.3.4 Proposed Distribution of Health Facilities – CMP 2025 ....... 76 7.3.5 Social Well-being .................................................................. 77 7.4 Recreation ......................................................................................... 77 7.4.1 District level Parks ................................................................ 78 7.4.2 Sports ..................................................................................... 78 7.5 Socio-Cultural Facilities ................................................................... 78 7.6 Police ............................................................................................... 79 7.6.1 Norms and Standards ............................................................. 79

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7.6.2 Provision - 2025 .................................................................... 79 7.7 Fire ............................................................................................... 80 7.7.1 Existing Situation .................................................................. 80 7.7.2 Norms and Standards ............................................................ 80 7.7.3 Fire Services-2025 ................................................................. 80 7.7.4 Disaster Management Centre ................................................ 81 7.8 Postal Services ................................................................................. 81 7.8.1 Existing Facilities .................................................................. 81 7.8.2 Norms and Standards ............................................................ 81 7.8.3 Proposed Additional Postal Facilities .................................... 82 7.9 Telecommunication .......................................................................... 82 7.9.1 Existing Situation .................................................................. 82 7.9.2 Additional Provision ............................................................. 82 7.10 Distributive facilities ........................................................................ 83 7.10.1 Existing Facilities ................................................................ 83 7.10.2 Norms and Standards and Provision ................................... 83 7.11 Cremation and Burial Grounds ........................................................ 83 7.12 Hierarchy in Social Infrastructure .................................................... 84 7.13 Facility Centres ................................................................................ 84 7.13.1 Neighbourhood Centres ....................................................... 87 8 Housing and Slums........................................................................... 88 8.1 Present housing situation – Census of India, 2001 ........................... 88 8.2 Housing Shortage in 2001 and 2005 ................................................ 88 8.3 Housing – CMP 2025 ....................................................................... 89 8.3.1 Household Size ...................................................................... 89 8.3.2 Housing Need 2025 ............................................................... 89 8.3.3 Housing requirement at 5 year intervals ................................ 90 8.3.4 Private sector participation .................................................... 90 8.3.5 Houses in Different Categories ............................................. 90 8.3.6 Housing provision by different agencies ............................... 91 8.3.7 Community Module .............................................................. 91 8.4 Slums ............................................................................................... 91 8.4.1 Existing slum areas ................................................................ 91

8.4.2 National Slum Development Programme .............................. 92 8.4.3 Concept of City Without Slums ............................................ 92 8.5 Urban Renewal ................................................................................. 93 8.5.1 Central City Areas ................................................................. 93 8.5.2 Guidelines for urban renewal ................................................ 93 9 Environment and Natural Hazards ................................................... 94 9.1 Environment-Sensitive Areas ........................................................... 94 9.1.1 Hills and Forests .................................................................... 94 9.1.2 Rivers .................................................................................... 94 9.1.3 The Bils – Natural Water Bodies........................................... 95 9.2 Water and Air Pollution ................................................................... 96 9.2.1 Actions Envisaged ................................................................. 96 9.3 Natural Hazards ................................................................................ 96 9.3.1 Floods .................................................................................... 96 9.3.2 Earthquake ............................................................................. 96 9.3.3 Disaster Management Centre ................................................ 97 10 Heritage Conservation and Tourism ................................................. 97 10.1 Heritage Conservation ...................................................................... 97 10.1.1 Conservation Zones ............................................................. 97 10.1.2 Strategy for Conservation .................................................... 97 10.2 Tourism ............................................................................................ 97 10.2.1 Major Tourist Attractions in and around Guwahati............. 97 10.2.2 Tourism Vision – 2025 ........................................................ 98 11 City Image and City Structure ........................................................ 100 11.1 City Image ...................................................................................... 100 11.2 City Structure ................................................................................. 100 11.2.1 Existing City Structure ...................................................... 100 11.2.2 Proposed City Structure ..................................................... 100

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11.2.3 Tier I: City Level ............................................................... 100 11.2.4 Tier II: District Level ........................................................ 102 11.2.5 Tier III: Community Level ................................................ 102 11.2.6 New Towns ....................................................................... 103 12 Land Use Zoning Plan (Part-II) 13 Land Use Zoning and Development Control Regulations (Part-II) 14 Master Plan Implementation (Part-II)

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List of Maps and Figures

Fig. 1.1 : Location of Guwahati in Assam Map 1.2 : Administrative Map Map 1.3 : Districts and Planning Units Map 3.1 : Population Distribution in GMA – 2025 Map 4.1 : New City Centre Map 4.2 : Proposed Retail Commercial Centres Map 4.3 : Proposed Major Economic Activities Map 4.4 : Proposed Employment Distribution in GMA – 2025 Map 5.1 : Demarcation of Planning Units and TAZ Fig. 5.2 : Traffic Composition at Cordon Lines Fig. 5.3 : Household Characteristics of Guwahati City Fig. 5.4 : Proposed Road Network Fig. 5.5 : Proposed Right of Ways Fig. 5.6 : Proposed L.R.T.S and Roads Fig. 5.7 : Proposed Locations of Bus Terminals and Depots Fig. 5.8 : Location of the proposed Grade Separators and Junctions

for improvement Map 6.1 : Water Supply Distribution System - 2025 Map 6.2 : Sewerage and Solid Waste Management Map 6.3 : Drainage Basins Map 6.4 : Proposed Power Distribution

Map 7.1 : Proposed Distribution of Higher Education Map 7.2 : Proposed Distribution of Health Facilities Map 7.3 : Proposed Recreational Facilities Map 7.4 : Proposed Police and Fire Stations Map 7.5 : Proposed Facility Centres Map 7.6 : Proposed Neighbourhood Centres Fig. 8.1 : Distribution of dwelling units by number of rooms in

GMCA Map 8.1 : Additional Housing Development Areas Map 8.2 : Existing Slums in GMA Map 8.3 : Area Identified for Urban Renewal Map 9.1 : Eco-sensitive Areas -2025 Map 11.1 : Major City Level Proposals Map 12.1 : Existing Land Use Zoning Map 12.2 : Proposed Land Use Zoning Map 13.1 : Gross Residential Densities – GMA 2025 (Part-II) Map 14.1 : Division of City for development/redevelopment

(Part-II) Map 14.2 : Proposed Residential Development Blocks (Part-II)

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List of Tables

Table 1.1: Guwahati Metropolitan Area - 2025 Table 1.2: Planning Units Table 1.3: List of Villages included in PSUs 61-71 Table 1.4: List of Planning Sub-Units within Planning Units Table 1.5: Planning Districts Table 3.1: Growth of population in Guwahati : 1921 to 2001 Table 3.2: Population estimates in GMA-2025 at 5 yearly intervals Table 3.3: Population Distribution in GMA by Planning Units – 2025 Table 3.4: Population Distribution in GMA by Planning Districts - 2025 Table 4.1: Distribution of work force in GMA in 2025 Table: 4.2: Location and Issues of the Wholesale Markets of GMA-01 Table 4.3: Area Break-up of IFC, Coal Yard and Truck Terminal Table 4.4: IFC Space Norms Table 4.5: Item-wise division of area in the New Wholesale Markets Table 4.6: Distribution of District Commercial Centres and Community Commercial Centres Table 4.7: Floor Area Break-up of District Commercial Centres Table 4.8: Five-Tier Hierarchy of Commercial Activities Table 4.9: Employment Assignment in various Planning Units Table 5.1: Travel Demand by Purpose – 2025 Table 6.1: Water Demand in GMA-2025 Table 6.2: Proposed Location of Intake and Treatment Plant, Area to be Served and Capacity of W.T.P. (in MLD) by 2025 Table 6.3: Distribution of Service Reservoirs in Planning Units Table 6.4: Wastewater Load in Guwahati Metropolitan Area (GMA)

Table 6.5: Proposed Location of STP with Location by 2025 Table 6.6: Water Demand for the year 2025 Table 6.7: Proposed Location of Intake and Treatment Plant, Area to be served and capacity of WTP (in MLD) Table 6.8: Distribution of Service Reservoirs in New Towns Table 6.9: Generation of Wastewater in New Towns in 2025 Table 6.10: Distribution of STP in New Towns Table 6.11: Relation between GNP and Expected Generation of Municipal Solid Waste Table 6.12: Projection of Solid Waste Generation Table 6.13: No. of Hospital beds & projected solid waste generation Table 6.14: Composition of garbage in Guwahati Table 6.15: Land Requirement for Solid Waste Land Filling Table 6.16: Location of Electric Sub-stations Table 7.1: System of Education in the State Table 7.2: Norms for provision of School level Educational Facilities (upto school level education) Table 7.3: Norms for provision of Higher and Vocational Education Table 7.4: Requirement and Proposed Distribution of General Colleges in GMA-2025 Table 7.5: Distribution of Additional Colleges in proposed Facility Centres Table 7.6: Hospital beds in GMA Table 7.7: Existing Number of Hospital Beds in GMA District-wise Table 7.8: Planning Norms and Standards for future provision of Health Infrastructure

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Table 7.9: Proposed Distribution of Additional Health Facilities in GMA for 2025 Table 7.10: Distribution of Health Facilities in Facility Centres Table 7.11: Planning Unit wise distribution of Recreational Areas in CMP 2025 Table 7.12: Norms and Standards for provision Parks Table 7.13: Distribution of Recreational areas within District, Community and Neighbourhood Centres Table 7.14: Sports Facilities in GMA-2025 Table 7.15: Proposed Norms for additional Socio-cultural facilities Table 7.16: Proposed Norms for provision of Security facilities Table 7.17: Existing and Proposed Distribution of Police Stations Table 7.18: Existing and Proposed Fire Stations in GMA Table 7.19: Post Offices in Guwahati Table 7.20: Planning Norms for provision of Postal Facilities in GMA Table 7.21: Proposed number of postal facilities and the area required Table 7.22: Norms for provision of Telephone Exchanges Table 7.23: Planning Norms and Standards for Distributive Facilities Table 7.24: Proposed Locations of Petrol Pumps Table 7.25: Community level Facility Centres Table 7.26: District level Facility Centres Table 7.27: City level Facility Centre: Table 7.28: Major City level facilities Table 7.29: Details of Neighbourhood Centres Table 7.30: Distribution of Neighbourhood Centres in Planning Units Table 8.1: Growth of Population and households in GMA Table 8.2: Housing Requirement at 5-year interval period (2006-2025)

Table 8.3: Distribution of population by no. of rooms Table 8.4: Housing by different agencies in plan period (2001-2025) Table 10.1: Tourist Projections for Guwahati Table 11.1: Proposed Integrated District Centres in GMA-2025 Table 11.2: Proposed Integrated Community Centres in GMA-2025 Table 11.3: Location, population and economic base of New Towns Table 11.4: Tentative Land Use Break-up of New Town I Table 11.5: Tentative Land Use Break-up of New Town II Table 11.6: Tentative Land Use Break-up of New Town III Table 12.1: Proposed Land Use break-up in GMA Table 12.2: Proposed Land Use Break-up in GMA-2025 Table 13.1: Land Use Permissibility in different Use Zones Table 13.2 Standards for facilities in a residential sub-division Table 13.3: List of facilities to be essentially provided in Industrial Areas Table 13.4: Setback Regulations for different plot sizes Table 13.5: Parking Standards for different uses Table 14.1: Important features of New Towns Table 14.2: Comparative Landuse subdivision for New Towns (indicative) Table14.3: Urban Development Blocks (Part 2) -Residential development Table 14.4: Area statement for other major development projects Table 14.5: Major development projects Table 14.6: List of transport projects Table 14.7: Details of physical infrastructure projects Table 14.8: Details of Power distribution projects Table 14.9: Details of Slum up-gradation/resettlement project Table 14.10: Approximate division of the projects cost in funding options

Part-

II

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List of Annex

Annex I Available in (Part-II) Annex II Zonal Distribution of Planning Variables, Trip

Productions and Attractions in the Base Year Annex III Zonal Distribution of Planning Variables, Trip

Productions and Attractions in the Horizon Year Annex IV Cost Estimates for Transportation System Development

in GMA Annex V Functions of Guwahati Integrated Transport Board Annex VI Drainage System in Guwahati Annex VII Available in (Part-II) Annex VIII Available in (Part-II) Annex IX Available in (Part-II) Annex X Available in (Part-II)

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Abbreviations A.T.C. : Area Traffic Control B.O.D. : Biochemical Oxygen Demand C.A.G.R. : Compounded Annual Growth Rate C.B.D. : Central Business District C.C.C. : Community Commercial Centre C.F.C. : Community Facility Centre C.M.P. : Comprehensive Master Plan C.O.D. : Chemical Oxygen Demand D.C.C. : District Commercial Centre D.F.C. : District Facility Centre E.C.S. : Equivalent Car Space E.S.R. : Elevated Service Reservoir F.A.R. : Floor Area Ratio F.C. : Facility Centre G.I.F.C.C. : Guwahati Integrated Freight Complex Company G.I.T.B. : Guwahati Integrated Transport Board G.M.A. : Guwahati Metropolitan Area G.M.C. : Guwahati Municipal Corporation G.M.C.A. : Guwahati Municipal Corporation Area G.M.D.A. : Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority Ha : Hectare H.C.V. : Heavy Commercial Vehicle I.C.C. : Integrated Community Centre I.D.C. : Integrated District Centre I.F.C. : Integrated Freight Complex I.P.T. : Intermediate Public Transport

L.C.V. : Light Commercial Vehicle L.P.C.D. : Litres Per Capita per Day L.R.T.S. : Light Rail Transit System M.A.V. : Multi Axle Vehicle M.L.D. : Million Litres per Day M.G.D. : Million Gallons per Day M.S.L. : Mean Sea Level N.E.R. : North East Region N.H.C. : Neighbourhood Centre N.U.T.P : National Urban Transport Policy O.H.S.R. : Over Head Service Reservoir P.C.U : Passenger Car Unit P.M.T.S. : Public Mass Transport System P.S.U. : Planning Sub Unit P.U. : Planning Unit R.O.W : Right Of Way R.S.U. : Remote Subscriber Unit S.E.Z. : Special Economic Zone S.P.V. : Special Purpose Vehicle S.T.P. : Sewage Treatment Plant T.A.Z. : Traffic Analysis Zone T.E.M.U. : Traffic Engineering and Management Unit T.S.M. : Traffic Systems Management W.F.P.R : Work Force Participation Rate W.T.P. : Water Treatment Plant

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1 Introduction

1.1 Historical Background

Guwahati is said to be the legendary Pragjyotishpur, the City of Eastern Light. The City has a rich historical past and finds frequent mention in medieval historical sources and also in Mahabharata,

Ramayana, Raghuvansham of Kalidasa. In 640 AD, the famous Chinese traveller Yuen Chawan visited the city. `

The emergence of modern Guwahati started in 1826. The town was connected by railway line with rest of India in 1890. Guwahati experienced phenomenal growth after independence of the country following the establishment of major institutions of higher education like Guwahati University, Engineering College, and Medical College. The Guwahati Oil Refinery was established in 1961. In 1972, after the reorganization of the Assam state, the capital was shifted from Shillong to Dispur (Guwahati), whereby the city gained enough political importance. Since then the city has grown enormously in terms of population and development of commercial activities.

1.2 Location and Linkages

1.2.1 Geographical Location

Guwahati is situated on the southern bank of river Brahmaputra with its cardinal points as 26010′ north latitude and 92049′ east longitude. It is located towards the south-eastern side of Kamrup district surrounded by Nalbari district in the North, Darrang and Marigaon districts in the East, Meghalaya State in the south and Goalpara & Barpeta districts in the West.

The city is situated on undulating plain with varying altitudes of 49.5 m to 55.5 m above mean sea level (MSL). The southern and the eastern sides of the city are surrounded by hillocks. The central part of the city has small hillocks namely Sarania hill (193 m), Nabagraha hill (217 m), Nilachal hill (193 m) and Chunsali Hill (293 m). The city is also covered by swamps, marshes and water bodies like Dipar Bil, Dighali Pukhri, Silsakoo bil.

1.2.2 Regional Linkages

Guwahati being the major city of the North-East has developed road, rail and air connectivity with the rest of the country. Refer Fig. 1.1

1.2.2.1 Roads

Guwahati is at the junction of National Highway 31, National Highway 37 and National Highway 40. National Highway 31 connects Guwahati with rest of the country in the west, while other National and State Highways connect Guwahati city with north-eastern states of Tripura, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.

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Fig 1.1: Location of Guwahati in Assam

1.2.2.2 Railways

A broad gauge railway line connects Guwahati with major parts of India. Another railway line connects Guwahati to Dibrugarh, Tinsukia and to other places of northeastern states.

1.2.2.3 Airways

Guwahati airport is the largest and the busiest airport in this region, which connects Guwahati to major cities in the country as well as to other major cities in Assam and the northeastern region. Guwahati airport is converted into an international airport.

1.1.3.4 Waterways

Guwahati once was well connected to Kolkata by a regular steamer service through river Brahmaputra. This route has been virtually closed after partition of the country.

1.3 Local Administration

In 1836, a Town Improvement Committee was formed in Guwahati under the initiative of the District Magistrate and Civil Surgeon owing to the appalling

sanitary conditions of the city that resulted in fatal diseases like malaria and Kala azar. The city was given the status of Municipal Board in 1853 and finally elevated and categorised to Class-I category in 1876. Presently the city is a Municipal Corporation since 1974. Refer to Map 1.2.

1.4 Planning Efforts

The Guwahati Municipal Corporation was constituted with 34 wards in 1974. Since then, there has been a manifold rise in its population. The

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wards were further delineated and their present number is fixed at 60. The corporation has four revenue zones and twenty-three public-works zones for administration.

In order to deal with rapid urbanization and related urban issues, the State government prepared a Master Plan for Greater Guwahati in 1965 under Section 10 of the Assam Town and Country Planning Act, 1959. The Plan had perspective 1986.

The Modified Final Master Plan and Zoning Regulations for Guwahati was prepared by the Town and Country Planning Organisation in exercise of the powers under section 14 and sub-section (2) of section 10 of the Assam Town and Country Planning Act and published the same in February 1987. The Master Plan was finally entrusted to the Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (which was constituted under Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority Act 1985) for implementation of the Plan with Perspective 2001. The plan is now being revised to have a Comprehensive Master Plan (CMP) for Guwahati Metropolitan Area (GMA) with perspective 2025 under the GMDA Act, 1985.

1.4.1 Guwahati Metropolitan Area-2001

The region delineated under Guwahati Metropolitan Area (GMA) constitutes areas of Guwahati Municipal Corporation, North Guwahati Town Committee, Amingaon Census Town and 21 revenue villages (Abhoypur, Rudreswar, Namati Jalah, Gouripur, Silamohekhaiti, Tilingaon, Shila, Ghorajan, Mikirpara, Kahikuchi, Mirjapur, Jugipara, Borjhar, Garal Gaon, Ajara Gaon, Dharapur, Jansimalu and Jansimalu

(NC), Kalitakuchi & Kalitakuchi (NC), Kharghuli, Bonda, Bondagaon and Bonda Grant (I&II), Birkuchi).

The total area covered under GMA is approximately 262 sq. km.

1.4.2 Guwahati Metropolitan Area 2025 (GMA 2025)

In the Comprehensive Master Plan – 2025 (CMP-2025), presently under preparation, the existing Guwahati Metropolitan Area is proposed to be increased by 66 sq. km as in Table 1.1.

Table 1.1: Guwahati Metropolitan Area - 2025 Sl. No.

Addition Location Area (Sq. Km.)

1 New Town I (Special Scheme Area).

North-East of GMA (Sila-Matiya-Najirakhat-Bhulung area)

14

2 New Town II (Special Scheme Area).

North-West of GMA (Charmajulipam-Gandhmau-Ambari-Bamun Soalkuchi area)

23

3 New Town III South-west of GMA (Panchniyapara-Sajjanpara-Gariyapara-Alibari-Tarapatipara area)

19

4 Marginal adjustments in boundary and inclusion of Pamohi Village (Special Scheme Area).

10

Total 66 N.B. – Land use classification of the special scheme area is only indicative in nature. The final land use is required to be drawn up by GMDA after considering the ground realities.

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1.4.2.1 Sub-division of the proposed GMA-2025 into Districts, Planning Units & Planning Sub-units

The Guwahati Master Plan-2001 had divided the Master Plan area into nine spatial units called planning units. In CMP-2025, Planning Unit-1 of the 2001 Plan has been subdivided to distinguish between Central Business District (CBD) and extended areas. Thus, the existing GMA-2025 has 13 Planning Units (including 3 units of the three New Towns).

Table 1.2: Planning Units Planning Unit Areas Covered

PU 1 Old Municipality Area PU 2 Hatigaon-Basistha-Khanapara Area PU 3 Hengrabari-Satgaon Area PU 4 Narengi-Bonda Area PU 5 Dipar Bil-Fatasil Hill Area PU 6 Pandu-Maligaon Area PU 7 Jalukbari-University Area PU 8 Azara-Borjhar Area PU 9 North Guwahati-Amingaon Area PU 10 Extended Area of Old Municipality

PU 11 North-East of GMA (Sila-Matiya-Najirakhat-Bhulung area) (New Town I)

PU 12 North-West of GMA Charmajulipam-Gandhmau-Ambari-Bamun Soalkuchi area (New Town II)

PU 13 South-West of GMA Panchniyapara-Sajjanpara-Gariyapara-Alibari-Tarapatipara area (New Town III)

Refer to Map 1.3

The GMA-2025 area is further sub-divided into small spatial units called Planning Sub-units (PSU). A total of 74 PSUs have been identified including three new towns proposed for 2025. The PSUs 1 to 60 are co-terminus with municipal wards within the GMC area; beyond the GMC area, PSUs 61 to 71 are delineated by grouping villages as below:

Table 1.3: List of Villages included in PSUs 61-71 PSU Villages Included 61 Villages (Kharguli NC, Bonda Grant II, Kharguli Goan 62 Villages (Bonda Grant I, Bonda Gaon) 63 Villages ( Birkuchi NC, Bonda NC, Kalitakuchi NC) 64 Jansimalu Cantonment, Jansimalu, Jansimalu NC)65 Villages (Dipar Bil, Mikipara Chakardoi)) 66 Villages (Kahikuchi, Mirjapur) 67 Villages (Jugipara, Borjhar) 68 Villages (Garalgaon, Ajara, Dharapur)

69Villages ( Charmajulipam, Amingaon, Numali jalah, Silemohekhaiti)

70 Villages (Ghorajan, Siligrant, Tilingaon) 71 Villages (Gauripur, Abhoypur, Rudeshwar, North Guwahati)

PSUs 72, 73, 74 are respectively the New Towns I, II and III. The following Table shows the list of PSUs included in the Planning Units.

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Table 1.4: List of Planning Sub-Units within Planning Units

Planning Unit Planning Sub-Unit 1 18,19,20,21,23,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34 2 15,16,17,22,24,55,56,57,58,59,60 3 51,52,53,54,64 4 46,61,62,63 5 10,12,13,65 6 3,4,5,6,7,8,9 7 1,2 8 66,67,68 9 69,70,71

10 11,14,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,47,48,49,50 11 72 12 73 13 74

To facilitate higher order planning, the Planning Units have been further grouped to form Planning-Districts with an average 5 lakh population. Refer to Map 1.3.

Table 1.5: Planning Districts District Planning Units

A 1,10,4 B 2,3C 5,6,7,8,13 D 9, 11, 12

2 Vision and Goals

Guwahati, the capital city of Assam, is the most important city in North-East India in terms of its population size, transport connectivity and strategic location. It has a beautiful landscape with hills and vast Brahmaputra. Responding to multifarious developments, internal and external, the city of Guwahati must respond to its existing problems, the new emerging socio-economic forces with a vision of its own. Guwahati, most importantly being the state capital should stand out amongst other state capitals and the city should perform its functions well as gateway to the North East India. Thus, the vision for Guwahati for its development through 2025 is:

GUWAHATI CITY TO BE

ONE OF THE MOST ADMIRED STATE CAPITALS OF INDIA

AS GATEWAY TO THE NORTH-EAST,

WITH A UNIQUE IMAGE OF ITS OWN.

Vision being a cherished dream, to achieve this vision it is necessary to break it into a number of goals and subsequently to objectives.

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3 Population and Employment

3.1 Population Growth: Guwahati Metropolitan Area

The population of Guwahati was 8,394 in 1891, which crossed the one-lakh limit in 1961. The population of Guwahati Municipal Corporation Area in 2001 was 809,895. The following table provides the growth of population in Guwahati and its constituent areas.

Table 3.1 : Growth of population in Guwahati : 1921 to 2001Year Population

in GMCA Decadal Growth

(%)

GMA excluding GMCA

Decadal Growth

(%)

GMA Decadal Growth

(%) 1921 16,480 - - 1931 21,797 1941 29,594 1951 43,615 53,774 97,389 1961 100,707 130.90 98,775 83.69 199,482 104.83 1971 123,783 22.91 169,436 71.54 293,219 46.99 1981* 268,945 117.27 102,351 -39.59 435,280 48.45 1991 584,342 117.27 61,827 -39.59 646,169 48.45 2001 809,895 38.60 80,878 30.81 890,773 37.85 Source: 1. TCPO 1987 Table 3, Modified Final Master Plan and Zoning Regulations for Guwahati 2.Census of India 1991 and 2001 *No Census could be conducted in Guwahati in 1981. The 1981 population figures have been extrapolated on the basis of the 1971-1991 CAGR.

3.2 Population Estimates

Based on the past population growth trends– low, medium and high – population estimates for Guwahati Metropolitan Area for the period 2005

to 2025 have been worked out. It is estimated that the population of GMA may vary from low of 19.10 lakhs to a high of 22.50 lakhs in 2025. A medium projection of 21.74 lakh for GMA for the perspective year 2025 is adopted and the same is used for the planned development of GMA. Five yearly estimates of the population are given. Thus, the total population of GMA will be 21 lakh approximately in 2025. Refer to Table 3.2.

Table 3.2: Population estimates in GMA-2025 at 5 yearly intervals Year Population in GMA 2005 1,033,584 2010 1,244,713 2015 1,498,970 2020 1,805,163 2025 2,173,902

Source: Calculations by the Consultant

Graph 1Popula tion Grow th in GMA

101 124

435584

891

2,174 (Medium )

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2025

Year

Pop

ulat

ion

(in th

ousa

nds)

1,911 (Low )

2,204 High)

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3.3 Floating Population

It is observed from the transportation survey that besides the normal population housed in the city, there is a floating population of about 10%, which comes to Guwahati for daytime activities. Thus, the daytime population in Guwahati in 2025 is estimated as 22.94 lakh.

3.4 Age-Sex Composition

Study of Age-Sex composition of population shows that the proportion of population in the working age group 15-64 and old age group 65+ is increasing. This is indicative of the increase in the participation rate and need of health infrastructure and recreational activities.

3.5 Population Distribution

Out of the total projected population, 17.74 lakh will be accommodated within the present GMA; the remaining 4 lakh population will be accommodated in the three New Towns. Planning-Unit wise distribution of the population is given in Table 3.3

Table 3.3: Population Distribution in GMA by Planning Units – 2025 Planning Unit Residential

2025 (Ha) Population

2001 Population

2025 1 494 155,483 165,076 2 1983 182,439 401,156 3 880 57,910 174,627 4 237 36,905 59,131

Planning Unit Residential 2025 (Ha)

Population 2001

Population 2025

5 588 60,563 113,409 6 380 75,697 93,5277 433 31,812 85,087 8 1172 33,889 230,694 9 793 30,951 156,124

10 1218 225,124 295,071 Sub-Total A 8178 890,773 1,773,902

11 (New Town I) 307 - 80,000 12 (New Town II) 707 - 160,000 13 (New Town III) 700 - 160,000

Sub-Total B 1714 - 400,000 Grand Total 9892 2,173,902

Refer Map 3.1.

The distribution of population in Districts A, B, C, D for the year 2025 is given in Table 3.4.

Table 3.4: Population Distribution in GMA by Planning Districts - 2025 District Population-2025

A 519,278 B 575,783 C 682,717 D 396,124

Total 2,173,902

3.6 Employment Distribution-2025

For estimates and geographical distribution of employment for the year 2025 refer to the section - Economic Base and Work Areas.

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4 Economic Base and Work Areas

4.1 Background

The economic sector is the main anchor behind the progress and growth of any city region. Guwahati has become one of the major hubs of economic activity in the entire North-East India. The establishment of Guwahati Refinery in 1962 marked the beginning of industrialization in the city. The construction of bridge over River Brahmaputra at Saraighat and the shifting of capital from Shillong to Guwahati in 1972 made tremendous economic impact on the city and turned Guwahati into one of the most important cities in the North-East.

4.2 Work-force

The workforce participation rate (WFPR) as per the 2001 Census is computed at 33.4% for Kamrup District. The same for Guwahati Metropolitan Area and Guwahati Municipal Corporation Area are respectively 34.8% and 35.1%. It is seen that the work participation rate in Guwahati Municipal Corporation Area increased from 32.3% in 1971 to 33.2 % in 1991 – the corresponding 2001 being 35.1%.

In view of the trend, a WFPR of 36% has been adopted for GMA for 2025. The workforce in GMA in 2025 works out as 782,605; considering additional 10% floating workforce, the total workforce in GMA works out as 860,866.

4.3 Sectoral Composition

On the basis of trends since 1961, workforce 2025 is estimated in all the given sectors and with a view to raising the employment in the Industry sector from the present (2001) 15% to 20%, employment values in all the other sectors are marginally adjusted. Refer Table 4.1.

Table 4.1: Distribution of work force in GMA in 2025 Activity 2001 (partly

estimated) 2025 (adopted)

Workers %age Workers %age Primary Sector 7,545 2.63 8,609 1.00 Manufacturing in household industries

5,028 1.75 25,826 3.00

Manufacturing in other than household industries

37,159 12.96 146,347 17.00

Construction 17,597 6.14 51,652 6.00 Trade and Commerce 88,651 30.92 258,260 30.00 Transportation, Storage and Communication

31,340 10.93 86,087 10.00

Other Services 99,367 34.66 284,086 33.00

Total 2,86,687 100.00 860,866 100.00

4.4 Major Work Areas –Trade and Commerce

Commercial establishments in the Guwahati city may be divided into the following four broad categories.

• Wholesale Fancy Bazaar Area • Wholesale-cum-retail In and around Fancy Bazaar,

Machhkhowa, Paltan Bazaar

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• Retail shops Athgaon, Pan Bazaar, Ulubari, Silpukhri, Chandmari, Noonmati, Ganeshguri, Beltola, Maligaon, and Kalapahar

• Service Shops Distributed throughout the city

4.5 Wholesale Trade

There are twenty-two wholesale market associations dealing in almost all types of trade and business activity in Guwahati Metropolitan Area. Presently there are 695 wholesalers, 345 wholesalers-cum-retailers and 5382 retailers registered with Kamrup Chamber of Commerce and other market associations. Wholesale Trade in Guwahati is to be organized for the following activities:

Food grains and perishable items Fruit & vegetable market Hardware and Building materials Motor parts Coal Market Timber Market Wholesale Fish Wholesale cloth Tea auction centre

Their locations and the major related issues are as given in the following table:

Table: 4.2: Location and Issues of the Wholesale Markets of GMA-01 Sl No Name & type Location Issues/ Remarks

1 Wholesale markets of food-grains and perishable items

Fancy Bazaar & Machkhowa areas

Lack of basic services No arrangements for loading-

unloading platforms and parking of vacant trucks

Intermixing of goods and other traffic.

Absence of proper solid waste management

2 Hardware and Building materials (Wholesale and retail)

Fancy Bazaar and Athgaon

A.T. Road from Fire Station in ASTC to Athgaon Railway crossing

Lack of basic amenities. No proper arrangement solid waste

management Congestion and spill over of

activities

3 Motor Parts (Wholesale-cum-retail)

A.T. Road (from Paltan Bazaar to Bharlumukh);

Beltola (from Khanapara junction to Tetelia junction)

4 Coal Market Along NH-37 from Khanapara junction to Biharibari junction

Attract traffic. Around 1800 trucks pass through the

city carrying coal. Needs to be relocated with proper

regulations; it is a traffic hazard. 5 Timber market Mainly in Maligaon

area Around 35 wholesalers and

wholesale-cum-retailers

6 Wholesale fish market

Near Paltan Bazaar area on the backside of Meghdoot cinema

The average daily intake of fish for Guwahati is 4-5 three axle trucks while the daily requirement for entire North-East Region is 40 three axle trucks.

Wholesale fish market for NE region is located at Rangia, 40 Km away from Guwhahati

7 Wholesale Cloth Market Fancy Bazaar Area Overcrowded and needs expansion

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4.5.1 Area requirement of Wholesale Markets – 2025

Total employment in Trade and Commerce is estimated at 30% of the total employment in GMA which works out to 258,260. Wholesale employment at 14.89 percent of the trade & commerce employment would be 38,455, and considering the employment density of 270 workers per ha, the area requirement for wholesale markets works out to 143 ha.

4.5.2 Integrated Freight Complex

The Master Plan proposes to develop a new Integrated Freight Complex including Wholesale Markets in the Karaibari-Bhetamukh New Town of 0.8 lakh population in the Northern side of GMA. This location provides appropriate linkages for the incoming goods, outgoing goods and distribution of wholesale goods in the city.

In the Freight Complex, the Wholesale business could be operated more efficiently in a better environment. Basic functions of the Integrated Freight Complex are:

• to provide facilities for regional and intra-urban freight movement; • to provide facilities for freight in transit as well as interchange

mode; • to provide warehousing and storage facilities and interlink these

with the wholesale markets; • to provide servicing, lodging and boarding, idle parking,

restaurant, and other related functions in the complex.

The IFC will include other Central Area activities closely related to trade like financial institutions, administrative services, business

entrepreneurship, physical and social infrastructure facilities and services, people related retail market facilities like eating places and other conveniences.

Following areas are reserved for Integrated Freight Complex, Coal yard and Truck Terminal.

Table 4.3: Area Break-up of IFC, Coal Yard and Truck Terminal Sl. No. Use Area (ha) %age

1 Integrated Freight Complex 270 68.2% 2 Coal Yard 66 16.7% 3 Truck Terminal 60 15.1% Total 396 100.0%

The broad land use break up of an IFC would be as under.

Table 4.4: IFC Space Norms Sl. No. Use Type % of area Area

(ha) 1. Wholesale Market and warehousing 53.0 143.0

2. Transport Agencies 2.0 5.4

3. Commercial and Public & Semi Public 5.0 13.5

4. Utilities & Services 3.0 8.1

5. Parking 12.0 32.4

6. Circulation 25.0 67.6 Total 100.0 270.0

Within the wholesale market, item-wise division of area for different commodities would be as following:

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Table 4.5: Item-wise division of area in the New Wholesale Markets Sl. No. Item Percentage of

total area 1 Food grains 20% 2 Fruit and Vegetable Market 20% 3 Hardware and Building Materials 20% 5 Motor Parts 10% 6 Timber 10% 7 Fish 10% 9 Other 10%

Total 100%

4.5.3 Existing Wholesale Market

Till such time the new wholesale market at New Town I is developed, the wholesale market activity is to continue from the existing areas. After the development of the new wholesale market, the existing wholesale market area would be used for retail activity, thus not allowing the movement of any heavy and medium commercial vehicles in the central city area.

4.6 Retail Trade

Retail shopping areas are important as these create an image of the city. In Guwahati retail shops are spread all over the city; however, the Fancy Bazar area is the major city level retail trade centre. Apart from this area, the other major retail centres are at Athgaon, Pan Bazar, Ulubari, Silpukhri, Chandmari, Noonmati, Ganeshguri, Beltola, Maligaon and Kalapahar.

To accommodate the required shopping, commercial offices, and other activities like cinema, hotel and related facilities, the following five-tier system of commercial development is proposed.

1. City level – Whole of the city including the three New Towns 2. District level 3. Community level 4. Neighbourhood level 5. Housing Areas level

4.6.1 Tier I: City Commercial Centre: Central Business District

The present central commercial areas i.e. Panbazar, Paltan Bazar, Ulubari etc., would continue to function as Central Business District. To cater to city-level business and shopping facilities, a new City-level magnet is proposed to be developed at Jatikuchi. It will be developed on around 56 ha land along with a City Facility Centre also including City Cultural Complex and City Park at Dakhingaon area. The City Commercial Centre would be a modern commercial centre with multi-storey commercial buildings and shall have major retail shopping malls, multi-storey commercial offices, banks, hotels, restaurants, and cine complexes. The City Commercial Centre along with the City Facility Centre and Recreational Centre shall together form the new City-Centre. Refer Map 4.1

The three new towns would also have town level commercial centres.

4.6.2 Tiers II and III: District Commercial Centres and Community Commercial Centres

District Commercial Centres (DCCs) are envisaged to serve a Planning District of 3 - 5 lakh population and Community Commercial Centres are to serve a population of 1-1.5 lakh. Four District Commercial Centres are envisaged and are geographically distributed to serve the city. These

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District Commercial Centres are clubbed together with Facility Centres including Parks to form Integrated District Centres.

The District Commercial Centres are major shopping complexes, which while serving for reasonable selection of shops, departmental stores, malls, are also the centres of socio-cultural activities where the people get together. Each District Commercial Centre besides commercial facilities shall include a library, a multipurpose meeting hall, an exhibition centre for art exhibitions. For the activities to be included in DCC and Community Commercial Centre (CCC) refer to Section 4.6.5.

A total number of seven Integrated Community Centres (ICC) have been proposed for GMA-2025. These Integrated Community Centres include Community Commercial Centres and Community Facility Centres which are clubbed together. One lone Community Commercial Centre is also proposed in North Guwahati in Unit 9.

For the distribution of District Commercial Centres and Community Commercial Centres refer to Table 4.6. In case of New Towns II and III, New Town Commercial Centres are proposed to be developed.

Table 4.6: Distribution of District Commercial Centres and Community Commercial Centres Districts Planning

Units Estimated Population

in 2004 (in lakh)

Proposed Population

in 2025 (in lakh)

Additional Population (in lakh)

Proposed District

Commercial Centre

Proposed Community Commercial

Centre A 1,4,10 4.6 5.1 0.5 - 1 B 2,3 2.6 5.7 3.1 1 2 C 5,6,7,8,13 2.3 6.8 4.5 2 2* D 9, 11,12 0.4 3.9 3.5 1 4*

Total 9.9 21.7 4 9 * Includes one Town Commercial Centre

Refer to Map 4.2.

4.6.3 Percentage Floor Area Break-up for District Commercial Centres – Total Area 40 ha

The following table provides the proposed percentage break-up of different activities in terms of floor space in District Commercial Centres:

Table 4.7: Floor Area Break-up of District Commercial Centres Sl. No. Activity Area %age

1 Wholesale 2.4 6.0 2 Retail 10.4 26.0 3 Office 12.0 30.0 4 Service Centre/ Flatted Factory 1.6 4.0 5 Hotel 2.4 6.06 Cultural Centre 3.2 8.0 7 Public and Semi-public 4.4 11.0 8 Residential 3.6 9.0 Total 40.0 100.0

Wholesale6%

Retail26%

Office30%

Service Centre/ Flatted Factory

4%

Hotel6%

Cultural Centre8%

Facility11%

Residential9%

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4.6.4 Tiers IV and V– Neighbourhood Shopping Centres and Housing Area Shopping Centres

Within the residential land use, in new developments, two categories of shopping centres shall be provided:

• Local Shopping for a Neighbourhood of 15,000 population, area 0.46 ha, and

• Convenience Shopping for 5,000 population, area 0.11 ha.

4.6.5 Activities at different tiers

The activities that are proposed to be provided in the five-tier system of commerce areas are given in Table 4.8.

Table 4.8: Five-Tier Hierarchy of Commercial Activities Central Business District

District Commercial

Centre

Community Commercial

Centre

Neighbourhood Commercial

Centre

Cluster Centre

Tier I Tier II Tier III Tier IV Tier V Population Served City level About 4-5 lakh About 1 lakh About 15

thousand About 5 thousand

Area 40 hectare 5.4 hectare 0.46 hectare 0.11 ha Land Requirement Per Thousand Persons 800 Sqm. 540 Sqm. 306 Sqm. 220 Sqm.

Central Business District

District Commercial

Centre

Community Commercial

Centre

Neighbourhood Commercial

Centre

Cluster Centre

Tier I Tier II Tier III Tier IV Tier V Activities All activities of tier II

Shopping (Retail Service, Repair & limited Wholesale) Informal Shopping, Commercial Offices, Cinema, Hotel, Guest House, Nursing Home.

Shopping (Retail Service, Repair Informal Shopping, Commercial Offices, Cinema, Hotel, Guest House, Nursing Home)

Shopping Retail Service, Repair Informal Shops, Commercial Offices.

Shopping Retail Service, Repair Informal Shopping

Service Industries: Auditorium, Museum, Library, Science Centre, Art/Craft/Music/ Dance School, Craft/Mela/Book Bazar, Weekly Markets (on close days), Local Government Offices.

Community Hall and Library

Bus Terminal, Fire Post, Police Post, Telephone Exchange, Electric Sub Station, Post and Telegraph Office, Petrol Pump Conveniences Residential

Post office, Dispensary, Petrol Pump (filling Station only) Weekly Markets (on close days) Electic Sub-Station Conveniences

Electric Sub-Station Conveniences

Electric Sub Station Conveniences.

Note : Besides the above, retail shopping of desired level may also be provided in all work centres and transportation nodes

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4.7 Informal Sector

In Guwahati, the informal sector trade and services are scattered. The informal sector units locate themselves strategically near work centres, commercial areas, outside the boundaries of schools, colleges and hospitals, transport nodes and near large housing clusters. It is proposed to integrate the informal sector in trade and services in the planned development. This would be appropriately incorporated in the following developments:

• City Commercial Centre • District Commercial Centre • Community Commercial Centre • Local Shopping Centre • Convenience Shopping Centre • Wholesale trade and Integrated Freight Complex • Hospital • Bus terminal • Primary/Secondary/Senior Secondary/Integrated Schools • Parks

o City/District/Community/Neighbourhood Parks • Residential developments • Industrial developments • Railway Terminus

In all the above developments, 1% of the total area shall be reserved for informal sector/ vendor market development. This area shall have temporary construction not to be included in coverage and FAR. At appropriate locations, reservations shall be made for night shelter. All such

areas in CMP-2025 would accommodate approximately 52,000 informal sector units.

4.8 Weekly market

The city has a weekly market in the Beltola area which is located just 5 Km from Dispur Capital Complex and is said to be the oldest market of the city. The market is held twice in a week. People from the whole of Guwahati go to this market, the specific attention being local goods.

The weekly market, is proposed to function from Facility Centre III after its development. Such other weekly markets could operate from the parking areas of the Commercial Centres on the weekly off-days.

4.9 Industries

In the Modified Final Master Plan for Guwahati- 2001, 1375 ha area was reserved for Industrial use of which, around 520 ha area have been developed. Besides this in the CMP-2025, 400 ha of area is proposed to be developed for industries in the New Town II in the North West. An SEZ measuring around 541 ha is proposed for development in the Town III in the South West, which will also include the industrial activity.

No new heavy industries to be located in Guwahati Metropolitan Area. Refer to Annex I. The commercial areas proposed for Integrated District Centres and Integrated Community Centres should accommodate multi-storey flatted factories for small and light industrial units and software technology.

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In the New Town-III, part of the industrial areas is to be developed for IT Industries.

Refer Map 4.3 for location of major economic activities.

4.10 Distribution of Employment – 2025

The total employment as estimated for GMA-2025 is distributed in various Planning Units as given in Table 4.9. Also refer to Map 4.4 for employment distribution in GMA in 2004 and 2025.

Table 4.9: Employment Assignment in various Planning Units Planning Unit Employment -2004* Employment-2025

1 91,754 1,14,403 2 42,444 1,30,7233 12,768 71,392 4 8,575 38,949 5 7,296 26,199 6 29,543 35,433 7 8,201 22,618 8 5,308 93,8079 4,703 71,196

10 71,108 97,746 Sub-Total 281,700 702,466

11 (New Town I) - 39,600

12 (New Town II) - 59,400

13 (New Town III) - 59,400

Sub-Total B 158,400 Grand Total 860,866

* Estimated

5 Transport

Guwahati Transport System

5.1.1 The Concern

Passenger and goods transport movement as well as their related concerns in the city transport sector play a critical role enabling productivity of the city system and promoting the welfare of the city and its region. The present transportation exercise is to evolve a transport system best suited to the unique geography of the Guwahati city and to support the social and economic activities taking place there in.

5.1.2 Study Area and Traffic Zones

For the purpose of transport planning, the GMA area is divided into 71 Traffic Zones coterminus with the Planning Sub-units. The external areas are identified into 36 traffic zones. Figure 5.1 presents the Traffic Zones.

5.1.3 Traffic Survey

The required traffic surveys and studies have been carried out to appreciate the traffic and travel characteristics, for identifying issues, constraints and potentials and to work out the most appropriate transport system for the city.

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5.1.4 Road Network Characteristics

A main road network of 171.3 km in GMA has been studied. Of this arterial roads accounted for 42.3 km and sub-arterials for 54.3 km.; 54.1 km of roads had a median; Only 42% of the road length had a carriageway of 7.0 m (2 lanes) and above; 72% of road length did not have footpaths; 40% of the road length did not have drainage facility; Nearly 70% of the road length did not have street lighting facility.

5.1.5 Traffic Characteristics

A total of 71,824 vehicles (107,819 PCUs) entered and exited the study area at the Outer Cordon (OC), on an average day (2004). The peak hour volume at OC stations ranged between 7.4% and 14.4% of Average Daily Traffic (ADT). Goods modes accounted for 18.6 % of the ADT at the OC. 2.9% of the passenger modes and 7.8% of goods modes at OC were ‘through’ in nature. 25% of the goods vehicles at the OC were empty.

The average trip length and occupancy of passenger modes, at OC, were as under:

Vehicle Type Trip Length (km) Occupancy (No.) 2-wheelers 26.34 1.63

Auto 22.35 2.91 Car/Jeep/Taxi 56.0 5.55

A total of 223,871 vehicles (255,118 pcus) crossed the inner cordon (IC) on an average day. Motorized modes ranged between 41% and 91% at

different count stations along the IC. Nearly 50% of the vehicles at IC, had a trip length upto 15 km.

The average occupancy of passenger modes, at IC, were as under:

• 2-wheeler - 1.49 • Auto - 2.23 • Car - 3.05

For Traffic Characteristics relating to goods movement refer to section 6.4.12. The traffic composition at Inner cordon and Outer cordon is presented in Figure 5.2.

5.1.6 Household Characteristics

Household Interview Survey (HIS) was carried out and a total of 4024 households accounting for 1.63% of all the households in the study area were covered. The average household size was 4.07. Nearly 73% of people were 40 years and below in age. By occupation ‘Services’ accounted for 15% and ‘Business’ accounted for 13.1%. Of the population, ‘Housewife’ accounted for 23% and ‘Students’ accounted for 28%.

The average household monthly income in GMA was Rs. 8651. ‘Food’ accounted for 44% and ‘Transport’ accounted 16.5% of HH expenditure. Nearly 75% of households owned a vehicle of some type. The details about age structure, monthly expenditure and occupation details estimated from Household survey are presented in Figure 5.3.

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5.1.7 Trip Characteristics

A total of 924,282 trips were generated by the households in GMA, on an average day. 18.2% of trips were by ‘Walk’. The per capita trip rate (PCTR) was 0.94 including ‘walk’ trips and 0.77 excluding ‘walk’ trips. Modal share was as under:

• Walk - 18.2% • Private Modes - 31.3% • Buses - 30.2% • IPT’s - 13.5% • Others - 6.1%

The average trip length was 5.8 km. Average trip length of ‘walk’ trip was only 1.16 km. Average trip length by ‘city bus’ was 7.31 km. ‘Work’ was the predominant purpose of trips (32.08%). ‘Business’ trips accounted for 22.63% and ‘Education’ trips for 15.01%. The degree of self-containment, of trips, by Planning Units ranged between 30.25% (PU 8) and 60.22% (PU 9). Travel demand, in terms of passenger-kms, was observed to be 5.36 million per day. Of that ‘Walk’ trips accounted for only 3.64%. Rest was by vehicular modes.

5.1.8 Population

The population of GMA is growing at a high rate. Between 1991 and 2001 it registered a decadal growth rate of 37.85 %. Based on studies the population size of GMA is estimated to be as under:

• 2001 - 8,90,773 • 2011 - 11,95,760

• 2021 - 17,65,465 • 2025 - 21,73,902

On an analysis of the residential patterns, availability of land for development, the estimated population is distributed amongst the various planning sub-units (traffic zones). The overall gross city level density is proposed to increase from 34 to 68 persons per hectare. The residential densities by traffic zones range between 267 to 600 persons per hectare.

5.1.9 Employment

The total employment size including floating employment is estimated to be 8,60,866. The place of work is distributed all over the spatial form of the city and varies with the type, intensity and locale of activities. The Land Use plan reflects the spatial distribution of activities and there by the people and the work spaces. The spatial distribution of employment has been based on the concept of multi-nuclei structure, present and proposed land use pattern and the levels of accessibility.

5.1.10 Student Facilities

Education trips account for a good share of all trips. Guwahati is also emerging as a major education center. A policy of 100% enrolment in elementary and higher secondary school levels is adopted. Planning efforts are to locate the elementary and higher secondary schools within the catchment of residential neighborhoods/sectors to enable access to schools predominantly by walk. Higher education facilities are distributed at selected locations over the city spatial frame

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The distribution of population, employment, student facilities, by traffic zone, for base and horizon years are presented in Annexes II and III respectively.

5.1.11 Economy

The economy of GMA is fast growing. The average household income, in 2005, has been observed to be Rs. 8651. Income has a major influence in the mode choice for travel. The average household income by 2025, is estimated under low, medium and high growth scenarios as under:

Year Low (CAGR at 3%)

Medium (CAGR at 5%)

High (CAGR at 6.5%)

2005 8911 9084 9213 2011 10640 12173 13444 2016 12334 15536 18419 2021 14299 19828 25235

For estimate of travel demand, medium growth scenario has been adopted.

5.1.12 City Structure

In the Comprehensive Master Plan- 2025, a decentralised multi nuclei structure has been adopted including a new city centre, a capital complex, three new towns, an integrated freight complex and a number of other nodes and sub-nodes.

5.2 Travel Demand Forecast

5.2.1 Travel Demand - Intercity

The inter-city traffic has been estimated based on projected growth rates, by mode type. The growth rates of traffic from the previous studies are adopted to estimate the future inter city and through traffic. The estimated traffic (inter city & through), at Outer Cordon, by 2025 is as under.

(no. of vehicles per day)

Mode Type Year 2004 2025

Two Wheelers 10949 60219 Autos 3939 14957 Cars 15475 66942 Mini Buses 1670 2385 Standard Buses 1917 2740 Private Buses 2021 2888 Goods Vehicles 11967 38764

5.2.2 Travel Demand – Intra City

Person Trips

Considering the development scenario adopted for the city, about 2.79million person trips are estimated to be performed every day in the city by 2025. In addition are the intercity trips on intra city system and the commercial vehicle trips. The break-up of these trips by purpose is presented in Table 5.1.

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Table 5.1: Travel Demand by Purpose – 2025 S.No. Purpose No.of Person Trips

Home Based Trips 1 Work and Business 973799 2 Education 878790 3 Others 610243

Non Home Based Trips 1 Work and Business 172685 2 Education 66597 3 Others 89364

Total 2791478

Commercial Vehicle trips

The intra-city commercial vehicle trips per day have been estimated as under:

LCV : 4275 HCV : 2470

5.2.3 Modal Split

Modal split has been worked out by the modal split model as under:

Non Motorised Transport Walk and Cycle Modes - 12.14%* Motorised Vehicular Modes

• Public Transport Buses - 47.99% IPT - 6.65%

• Private Transport Two Wheeler- 24.66% Car - 8.56%

* Does not include access walk trips

5.3 Policy Framework

The National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) of the Ministry of Urban Development, Government of India, which is a path breaking step in the process of urban development in general and urban transport planning, development, operation and management, in particular, forms the basis for the policy framework. The Vision and Objectives of the NUTP are:

Vision

To recognize that people occupy centre-stage in our cities and all plans would be for their common benefit and well being. To make our cities the most livable in the world and enable them to become the “engines of economic growth” that power India’s development in the 21st century.

Objective

The objective of this policy is to ensure safe, affordable, quick, comfortable, reliable and sustainable access for the growing number of city residents to jobs, education, recreation and such other needs within our cities. Some of the parameters through which this is to be achieved are:

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Incorporating urban transportation as an important parameter at the urban planning stage rather than being a consequential requirement. Encouraging integrated land use and transport planning so that travel distances are minimized and access to livelihoods, education, and other social needs, especially for the marginal segments of the urban population is improved. Bringing about a more equitable allocation of road space with people, rather than vehicles, is its main focus. Investing in transport systems that encourage greater use of public transport and non-motorized modes instead of personal motor vehicles. Promoting the use of cleaner technologies. Associating the private sector in activities where their strengths can be beneficially tapped.

5.4 Transport System Development Plan

5.4.1 State and Regional Level

At the state (Assam) and regional (North East Region) the most important programme that would affect the transport plan of GMA is the development of east-west national highway corridor from Silchar to Porbandar, as a four lane corridor under National Highway Development Programme (NHDP). This corridor passes through GMA (NHs 37 and 31). A large volume of inter-state and international traffic is estimated to move along this corridor. Hence it is important to establish the interface between the intra-GMA and inter-region road systems and also define the path for regional traffic within GMA. A new peripheral road system in GMA has been planned to facilitate inter-regional and intra-GMA freight traffic. This includes construction of a new bridge across river Brahmaputra east of the existing bridge.

5.4.2 City Road Network

The CMP-2025 recommends development of a hierarchy based arterial road network system comprising primary arterial, sub-arterial and collector roads. The main functional roads recommended are:

− Peripheral Ring Road to enable movement of bypass traffic − CBD Orbital − Ring Roads − City Radials/Axials − Alternative Corridors − All Purpose Roads in Central Area

Overall around additional 194km of road network is proposed to be developed over and above the existing road network. This configuration reflects the net effective carriageway requirements for traffic movements. Proposed road network for the horizon year is presented in Figure 5.4.

Proposed road network

The proposed road network comprises of a radial-cum ring system. The radial/axial roads are inter-connected by three ring roads i.e. inner ring road (CBD Orbital), ring road and the peripheral ring road. The peripheral ring runs at the outer part of GMA with a proposed ROW of 60 m. The CBD orbital road, which is around the central core, would help in diverting the non destined traffic away from the central area. It would also help in providing access to central core area from the periphery.

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Movement Around Central Area

The share of ‘non-destined’ traffic with reference to the Central Area will be high. The movement pattern needs to be re-organized. As part of the city road network system, an orbital road around the CBD has been identified and proposed to be developed as a high speed urban corridor with good level-of-service. Through traffic management measures traffic needs to be encouraged to move along the orbital road and enter Central Area at entry points near to their destination.

The existing roads

The existing roads are proposed to be upgraded in terms of ROW, capacity and other geometrics. The new roads need to be planned and designed for a higher level of service from their entry into GMA to their meeting with the CBD orbital Road. Within the core area the roads will lose their characteristics and are to be developed as all-purpose roads. The primary arterial roads have a ROW varying between 45 to 60 m. In addition the city level roads comprise sub-arterial roads (24-45 m R/W), and collector roads (15-24 m R/W). The proposed ROWs of the major road network are presented in Figure 5.5.

The network grids

The network grids each encompass an area of about 2 to 3 sq. km. The roads within each grid need to be planned as part of the Local Area Plan (LAP) for each sector. The main roads within them inter connecting arterial grid roads will need to be classified as sub-arterial and collector roads. Residential access roads will be planned and developed as part of residential area development plans.

The road links in CBD

The road links within the CBD Orbital will need to be classified as ‘All Purpose’ roads. Traffic volumes on them will be high. Speed is not important. Access needs predominate. Providing parking space is important. However it should be in accordance with the Parking Policy. Pedestrian movement will be high. Wide footpaths, safe crossing with exclusive phase period where signalized, refuge islands, clear markings, good lighting, guard rails, good signage are important components of the roads.

Radial cum Orbital Network

The present road network comprises radial corridors diverging from the city CBD area. The major corridors are:

• Jalukbari - Bharalumukh - Kachari - Noonmati - Narengi • Paltan Bazar - Bhangagarh - Ganeshguri - Khanapur • Paltan Bazar - Lokhra • Kumarpara - Garchuk

A few new road links are added to the road network system to enable it function as a more defined radial-cum-orbital network system. Some of the new links are:

New bypass along eastern side branching from NH-31 through -North Guwahati-Rajardwar-New bridge across Brahmaputra-Uzan Bazar-Narengi (along the river bank)-Panjabari-Khanapara. Conection between proposed north and south new towns with a new bridge across river Brahmaputra on the western side. New peripheral road from Basistha

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chariali, off bypass, to run along south boundary of GMA upto its intersection with NH-37. Orbital road through Saulkuchi, Beltola. Orbital road through Dhirenpara, Odalbakra, Kahilipara and Dispur last gate along with a tunnel in the Fatasil hill ranges to meet AT Road

New link from Dhirenpara to GMC Jn. Lal Ganesh jn. – Ganeshguri (part existing; part new). Hengerabari – BG Tiniali. Road network in New towns and Wholesale market area.

A tunnel is proposed to connect AT road with Fatasil-Ambari road. It will connect the proposed orbital road through Dhirenpara, Kahilipara and Dispur last gate to AT road. It is observed that this link is going to carry substantial amount of traffic. Hence it is proposed to conduct the feasibility study of this tunnel link immediately as substantial amount of travel time and travel cost savings would be there.

5.4.3 Public Mass Transport System

The Modal Split Model has indicated a potential size of 62.1% (excluding walk and Cycle) by public transport in the horizon year (2025). This means a total travel demand of 13.7 lakh person vehicular trips per day. To cater the above demand an integrated multi-modal transport system has been conceptualized. The component modes include the bus system catering the study area, supported by a medium capacity rail based system along three identified corridors and supplemented by the IPT modes.

The estimated modal shares, of vehicle person trips (excluding Cycle) by 2025, are as under:

• Private Modes : 37.81% (832860 Person Trips)

• Public Transport: 62.19% (1370054 Person Trips) • Sub Modal Share • Bus and LRTS : 87.83% (1224607 Person Trips) • IPT : 12.17% (169731 Person Trips)

5.4.4 Light Rail Transit System

A modal share of about 55% of all vehicular trips by public mass transport would mean a demand of about 12 lakh trips per day on the PMT system. This calls for introduction of a medium capacity rail based system. It is proposed to plan and develop Medium Capacity Transit System in the city. Three corridors are identified. The proposed technology would include Bus Rapid Transit System and/or Light Rail Transit System. An incremental development approach is suggested. In the first phase Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) is developed and operated. As the city grows the traffic builds up and exceeds the capacity of BRTS, the system technology is replaced by Light Rail Transit System (LRTS). BRTS would require a segregated right -of -way. Where it is difficult to provide segregated right-of-way, there elevated way may be provided. However the via –duct needs to be designed to accommodate LRTS in the future. Proposed BRTS/LRTS is presented in Figure 5.6. The first corridor, called Green Corridor, runs east-west, from Narengi to Jalukbari. This corridor runs through the CBD area. It is proposed that this system may be aligned and developed along the existing rail line. However it would be independent of the Railways in terms of ownership, operation and management. The corridor is of 16.3 km in length. 13 stations are proposed along the corridor at:

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• Narengi, Forest Gate, Noonmati, Bamunimaidan, Silpukhri, Paltan Bazar, Fancy Bazar, Bharalumukh, Kamakhya, Maligaon, Adabari, Jalukbari.

A second corridor in the north-east direction, from the Guwahati Railway station, running along G.S. road, upto the Khanapur, to be called as Blue Corridor, is also identified. This corridor, of length 10.2 km is proposed to be aligned along the G.S. road, on elevated tracks. 7 stations are proposed along this corridor and they are:

• Paltan Bazar, Ulubari, Bhangagarh, Ganeshguri, Dispur, Six mile, Khanapara

The third BRTS/LRTS corridor called the Orange Corridor, starts from the Railway Station and runs northwards along the Fatasil-Aambari road upto Lokhra where a new activity complex with employment spaces of more than 100,000 has been proposed. From this it turns westwards to link the proposed Capital Complex and from there on it runs northwest along the road corridor to airport, and ends at the airport.

The Orange Corridor is about 22.6 km in length and 9 stations are proposed along it at:

• Paltan Bazar, Sarabpatti, Kalapahar, Lalganesh junction, Lokhra, Garchuk, West Boragaon, Azara and Airport

Guwahati Rail station will be a major interchange station amongst the three corridors and between them and the regional rail system.

It is estimated that there will be 13.7lakh public transport trips (intra-city) by the year 2025. In addition, about 3.47 lakh trips will be generated by inter-city public transport passengers who use the intra-city network. In all, public transport trips would be 48% of the total person trips in 2025.

5.4.5 Bus System

The existing bus system needs to be modernised and expanded to meet the travel needs in the coming years. There is a need to improve its image and the quality of service. Modern, high capacity urban buses to be introduced. The operating environment needs to be improved by providing the buses dedicated lanes along major radial corridors. The bus system needs to be provided good infrastructure support in terms of depots, terminals, stops etc.

With the capacity of buses at 60, fleet utilization at 90%, vehicle utilization at 200 km per day and a load factor of 0.7, the requirement of buses, with the implementation of LRT system by 2025, is estimated to be around 900. This would mean an introduction of 45 buses per year and in addition are replacements. The requirement of buses will go up to around 2400 if the LRT system is not implemented. Efforts be made to identify and franchise private sector operators, with adequate capacity, to operate and manage the city bus system.

Bus Depots

To service the bus system, 9 depots, each of 2 ha in extent, are required along with the LRT system implementation. The requirement of bus depots will go upto 24 along with the other infrastructure for the bus

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system if the LRT system is not implemented. The bus depots are proposed at the following locations:

• In the industrial area of Guwahati • Adjacent to the all 6 nodal terminals • One in each of the two New Towns (Northwest and South)

Locations of proposed bus depots are shown in Figure 5.7.

Workshop

One workshop, of extent 5 ha, in the industrial area in New Town II is proposed.

5.4.6 Terminals

In the integrated transport network concept, terminals are very important components as they enable integration between the different modes of the system. A large number of terminals of different type get developed in a metropolitan city. The objective is to organise the terminals in a hierarchy and locate them appropriately.

5.4.7 Passenger Terminals

The passenger terminals to be implemented during the plan period are:

• Inter-city Rail Passenger Terminal at existing Guwahati Railway Station

• Inter-city Bus terminal at Lokhra along Bypass Road • Intra-city Bus Passenger Terminals at 6 locations

Location of the proposed truck and bus terminals are included in Figure 5.7.

Inter – City Bus Terminal

Study has indicated that, by the horizon year 2025, on an average day, 3.47lakh passenger trips by inter city buses are estimated to move into and out of Guwahati. A new bus terminal, along by-pass road, is being developed. This terminal is proposed to be expanded and developed as an integrated bus terminal providing for inter-state, inter-city and intra-city bus services. Facilities are also to be provided for parking of private and IPT modes and other passenger amenities. The terminal abuts the existing bypass road (which is proposed to be developed as a major urban activity corridor) and the proposed radial road. Hence it has good accessibility from all parts of the city. The terminal is proposed to be developed as a multi-use complex providing space for commercial, public, semi-public and institutional uses. This would enable the terminal to be developed as a bankable project under Public Private Partnership (PPP) route. A land reservation of 5 ha for the integrated terminal has been made.

Intra – City Bus Terminals

Intra-city Bus Terminals are planned at three levels :

City Level Nodal Terminals; Zonal Level Sub Nodal Terminals; Local Area Level Mini Terminals

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Central Terminal

Nodal Terminal

Sub-Nodal Terminal

Red Line (Arterial) RouteGreen Line (Orbital) Route

Blue Line (Feeder) RouteYellow Line (Rural) Route

Nodal Bus Terminals

6 Nodal Bus Terminals for intra-city bus services are proposed at the following locations:

(i) In the present Central Area abutting proposed CBD Orbital, presently functioning as intercity terminal (ii) Along with Inter-city Bus Terminal along the by-pass road (iii) In the proposed District centres I, II, III. (iv) In North Guwahati Area as part of the proposed District centre IV.

An area of 2 ha for each of these nodal terminals is reserved. The nodal terminals need to provide parking areas for private and IPT modes. The nodal terminals are proposed to be developed as multi-use complexes, under PPP route.

Sub – Nodal Terminals

10 sub-nodal terminals are proposed at the following locations:

7 sub-nodal terminals at the facility centres 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, 11, 12; 1 at the Airport, 1 at the Capital Complex/Govt. Office Complex, 1 at the proposed Whole Sale Trade Complex (Facility Centre X). An extent of 1 ha of land for each of the sub nodal terminals is proposed.

The sub nodal terminals are proposed to be developed as multi-use complexes, under PPP route.

Local Area Mini Terminals

Every local area (city municipal ward/ new housing development area), as part of Local Area Plans (LAPs) to provide for mini terminal facilities for bus services serving the area. These terminal facilities could be incorporated as part of the commercial/facilities complex of the Local Area. Hence no separate allocation and reservation of land is made for these terminals. Care to be taken to provide for easy access and exit provisions, convenient bays for the buses and shelters for the passengers. Such terminals can be provided in the proposed neighbourhood centres.

Bus Route Network System

It is recommended that the entire intra-city bus services route network system is reorganized. The concept of direction oriented services to be adopted. ‘Hub and spoke’ form of network system provides good scope for organizing the bus services. Direct, fast and frequent services to be operated amongst the nodal terminals. Groups of sub-nodal terminals to be integrated with identified nodal terminal with bus services. Local Area terminals to be connected to sub-nodal terminals. While the above proposed route structure system

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enables optimisation of bus services, special direct services between major OD traffic generators to be operated.

A study on City Bus System Planning and Route Rationalisation be initiated to enable reorganisation of bus route service pattern and development of bus related infrastructure.

Bus Stops

The bus stops must be easily accessible at a walking distance of not more than 500 meters. The spacing of bus stops to be in the range of 500 to 600 meters. Bus shelters need to be well designed to provide shelter to the passengers and add aesthetics to streetscape. Bus shelters are proposed to be developed as revenue generating measures with provision of spaces for commercial advertisement.

5.4.8 Traffic Management Plans

With the concentration of activities within central area and along corridors, coupled with inadequate capacity of the road network to meet the growing parking demands, there is a need to balance between the traffic needs and capacity. Preparation and implementation of Transportation System Management (TSM) Plans offers the best strategy. It is recommended that TSM plans be prepared on an area and corridor basis. The TSM plans should include the circulation system, segregation and minimising of conflicting movements, priority for high occupancy vehicles, appropriate geometric design and installation of control systems at intersections, identification and provision of facilities for pedestrians, identification and allocation of parking areas, provision of traffic signs, lane markings etc. and a concerted program of enforcement and education.

Pedestrianisation of areas and streets in central area to be aimed as part of Traffic Management Plans. Also along roads such as MG road, which abuts the green belt along the bank of river Brahmaputra , feasibility of pedestrianisation of the streets need to be studied . However it may require provision of elevated roadway for vehicles. Feasibility studies need to be carried out to plan and design.

In addition TSM plans be prepared on continuous basis for critical areas and corridors for optimizing the usage of the system capacity. The proposed Traffic Engineering and Management Unit (TEMU) in GMDA/GMC to be responsible for this function.

5.4.9 Improvement of Intersections

The transport system plan includes improvement of intersection geometrics including provision of channelisers, acceleration/deceleration lanes, traffic signs, lighting etc and provision of appropriate traffic control systems. In all around 7 intersections are recommended for grade separation during the plan period. However, 12 junctions are identified for improvement. Figure 5.8 shows location of the proposed grade separators and junctions for improvement. It is recommended that all the major intersections, especially those on the arterial and sub-arterials be signalised and in the next level of improvement be linked and integrated and brought under a central Area Traffic Control scheme (ATCs). Grade Separators/Flyovers may be built based on traffic intensity, site conditions and environmental acceptability.

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5.4.10 Pedestrian Facilities

Walking is a predominant mode in the city. The transport system plan promotes and facilitates walking. The main strategies and measures proposed as part of the plan are as under:

• Provision of side walks on primary arterials, sub-arterials and collectors on both sides of the road and on at least one side on local roads

• Cross pedestrian facilities to be provided as per the warrants recommended by Indian Roads Congress.

• Side walks on all the major roads to be designed for level of service “C”

• Improvement measures in terms of pedestrian controlled facilities at intersections, grade separators and widening of side walks in the Central Area and along major corridors

5.4.11 Parking Policy

Parking Policy – Need and Dimensions

Every vehicle trip ends in a demand for parking of the vehicle at its trip ends. The parking of vehicles need extensive and exclusive land area. Otherwise parking would spill over to other use areas like road carriageway and footpaths, open spaces. In turn they affect safety and environmental quality.

The escalating demand and varied needs of parking in Guwahati can only be met and organized in the framework of a comprehensive Parking Policy. Parking policy needs to move from ‘non-restrictive’ to ‘restrictive’

policy. ‘Restrictive’ policy would include from banning of parking to restricted provision, regulation and pricing of parking spaces.

Parking Characteristics

Parking characteristics within Guwahati vary by areas, by land use activities and by time period. In residential areas it is by private vehicles and of long-term duration during the night hours. In central areas it is of mixed type – private and public vehicles, passenger and goods vehicles and of short term and long term needs. In industrial, warehousing and wholesale market areas it is predominantly of goods vehicles.

The on-street parking surveys carried out as part of the Master Plan Study have presented interesting characteristics. Parking Surveys at 10 selected on-street stretches indicate the following characteristics.

• Peak accumulation, per half an hour, is high, ranging between 143 ECS (AT Road) to 237 ECS (HB Road)

• Two wheelers constitute the major share (around 54%) of parked vehicles (up to 67.7% on SS Road)

• Cars constitute 41.5% of parked vehicles on Kamarpatty Road • Short term (up to 2 hours) parking accounted for the maximum

share (80 to 92%) • Medium term (2 to 4 hours) parking accounted for a low of 7%

(AT Road) to a high of 29.3% (on MS road) • Long term parking was considerably low at all stretches ranging in

between 2 to 6.1% except at two locations where it was 15.8 and 8.2% respectively at MS Road and Kedar Road

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Planning of Parking Areas

Planning or provision of parking areas needs to be through multi pronged strategies providing parking areas at three levels (or types):

• On-street • Public off-street spaces • Private off-street spaces

Equivalent Car Space

Every type of vehicle has different physical size and operational maneuverability. For establishing parking standards they are expressed in equivalent car spaces (ECS) with car as the standard reference unit. The suggested ECS values for different types of vehicle modes in Guwahati are as under:

Vehicle Type ECS Two Wheeler 0.25 Auto 0.5 Cars, Taxis, Jeeps, etc. 1.0 Small Bus 1.0 Large Bus 2.0 LCV 1.5 Medium Truck 2.0 Heavy Truck 2.5 Truck Trailer 3.0

Norms and Space Standards

Parking Norms

The following norms by use type are prescribed.

Use Type Number of ECS per 100 sqm of Floor Space

Residential 1.33

Commercial 1.67 Public and Semi Public 1.00

Industrial 1.00

It is important that the norms are periodically reviewed and revised to accommodate changing patterns and needs.The provision of the car spaces may be in open area of the condominiums layout, under stilts of the buildings or aggregated and provided in one or more separate areas as part of the complex. The last option is recommended for adoption, as it would enable optimization of space and better management by the association of residents. Over a long term, it provides some flexibility for expansion of capacity through modernization of technology.

The following space standards are recommended:

• Open surface level : 23 Sqm per ECS • Under stilts : 28 Sqm per ECS • In basement : 32 Sqm per ECS

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On-street Parking

On-street parking spaces are provided on the right-of-way, on or off the carriageway, provided by the road agency and controlled by the police or municipal enforcement officers.

While providing on-street parking the needs of the functional hierarchy of the roads need to be respected. Safety margins at the intersections to be provided. Movements of public mass transport modes are not to be interrupted. Their entry and exit to be defined. Stops not to be blocked. Access to properties not to be affected. As a general rule no on-street parking on the carriageway be permitted on roads identified for high speed movement. On arterial and sub arterial road links, on-street parking to be provided only if the road is 6-lanes or more wide. On collector streets on-street parking to be provided if the road is of 4-lanes without median. Parking on footpaths on all road links to be strictly prohibited. If the road right-of-way is wide then service road after footpaths to be provided and parking along service roads organized. Parking on front off-set space of a building, considered as private parking, to be strictly regulated. Access to these parking through footpaths to be strictly prohibited. Along cross streets in central areas where traffic flow is low and carriageway is 4-lanes or more, parking on both sides may be organized. When carriageway is less than 4-lane, then the road stretch may be declared as one-way street and parking on one side of the carriageway may be organized.

Type of Parking

Only parallel parking to be permitted for on-street parking on the carriageway. Angular parking on the right-of-way of the road only if the access to parking is through service roads.

Off-street Public Parking Spaces/Facilities

Strictly organized and effectively enforced on-street parking can meet a reasonable but only a part of the demand. The supply needs to be supplemented by provision of off-street public parking facilities. The investment on, and development and management of these off-street facilities may be by public agencies or by private sector by promoting off-street parking facilities as a business venture by provision of land at concessional lease rates, permitting the facility to be a multi-use complex with commercial uses and prescribing charges for parking based on vehicle type and duration of parking.

Lane Markings and Signage

• All on-street parking spaces need to be clearly defined by lane markings.

• Adequate and appropriate signages to be installed at all places on the street network to identify ‘parking’ and ‘no parking’ areas.

• Off-street parking places to be clearly identified by signs and distinguishing marks.

Access Policy

Provision of off-street public parking facilities in Central Area and sub-centers is important. The location of the facility needs to be carefully chosen to meet the objectives of Traffic Management Plans of the area. If the strategy is ‘full penetration’ then the location of off-street parking facility could be anywhere subject to traffic flow requirements. If the strategy is ‘partial-penetration’ then the facility needs to be at the edge of

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Partial Penetration No Penetration

CENTRAL AREA

CBD ORBITAL

INNER RING

MIDDLE RING

RADIALS

URBAN EDGE

PARKING AREAS

PMT SHUTTLE SERVICE

TRAFFIC COLLARS

restricted access part of the central area. If the strategy is ‘no-penetration’ then the facility needs to be provided at the edge of the central area along the central area orbital road.

Presently, in Guwahati, the strategy is ‘full penetration’. However it is prudent to adopt ‘partial-penetration’ strategy and move towards ‘no-penetration’ strategy over the years. Hence location of off-street parking facilities needs to be carefully decided so that they integrate with traffic management plans. The design of facility should also enable flexibility in the use of the facility.

Park and Ride System

Parking Policy needs to be integrated with Public Mass Transport System policies and planning. Every major terminal of the bus system and every station of the medium/high capacity system like Bus Rapid Transit/Light Rail Transit shall be developed as a ‘Park and Ride’ facility. Adequate parking area for different modes are envisaged as part of the PMT stations, particularly in the outlying residential areas, so that people can park their private modes at these stations and travel by public mass transport.

Traffic Collars

As the city grows, traffic volumes will increase and levels of congestion within central areas will be high. As a part of Traffic Management Plans, it is recommended to develop off-street parking facilities along ‘traffic collars’, a series of imaginary circular rings spaced away from the central area. The capacity of the facility to increase as it moves away from the Central Area.

Location of off street parking areas:

14 parking areas are proposed to be developed. 12 as part of facility centres, one individual location and one as part of present jail area of about 1 ha. each to accommodate about 300 cars at each individual location.

Promotion of PMTS

Parking Policy needs to promote the public mass transport system (PMTS). Restricted parking provision coupled with good quality service

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by PMT is an effective measure to promote PMTs, reduce congestion in Central Areas, optimize resources and improve environment quality.

Parking Pricing

Pricing use of parking space is an important component of the Parking Policy. Parking on public space anywhere in the city at any time, by any mode, needs to be charged a price. The objectives of pricing are to (i) generate revenues, (ii) provide employment, especially poor, (iii) restrain demand, (iv) promote PMT, (v) encourage private sector investment, and (vi) rationalize parking duration.

Provision of parking space costs money. It needs to be recouped by charging a fee. This measure of charging fee for on-street parking should be extended to all road stretches in the city. Apart form generating revenues, parking pricing needs to be used as an effective tool for demand management. It is important to design and implement a differential parking price policy with low fees at the periphery of the city and increasing fees as one moves towards the center and high or penal fees within the central areas. The differential parking policy combined with provision of good quality PMT service, with ‘park & ride’ facilities would discourage use of private vehicles for journey to central areas and promote patronage of PMT systems. Apart form locations, ‘differential pricing’ needs to be applied by time duration. Long term parking, on-street, needs to be discouraged and short term parking encouraged to maximize turn over.

Compounding Fee

Provision of off-street private parking facilities through zoning regulations and building byelaws has been referred to. This strategy has potential for

abuses. Parking spaces shown at the time of approval of building plans are liable for abuse and misappropriation to other uses. Provision of parking spaces is costly and opportunity costs of the space created are high. The result is that the parking demand spills over to on-street. To prevent misuse, the concerned public agencies need to exercise strict monitoring and control.

To avoid such a vicious circle, it is recommended that the policy of charging ‘Compounding Fee’ or ‘In-lieu Fee’ may be adopted. In this, the property developer needs to pay a compounding fee per unit parking space, fixed from time to time by the Municipal Authorities, for the total parking space he needs to provide as per regulation/byelaw. This frees him from the obligation of providing and maintaining public parking space within his premises. The Municipal authority would need to pool these ‘compounding fees’ and use them to promote development of off-street parking facilities in association with private sector. There is a need to prescribe ‘compounding fees’ rate from time to time, by location. This strategy may be applied in central areas where demand for space is high, availability is low and opportunity costs are high.

Technology

Presently the technology of parking and collecting fees are of low type. The parking is by owner. Over a period of time attendant parking in off-street parking facilities needs to be introduced for efficient space utilization. In the long run, it is prudent to adopt mechanical parking technology wherein, the cars are received at the entry, assigned and parked at a bay and retrieved and delivered at the exit gate, by automatic microprocessor systems. The advantage of the technology is in the increase of car spaces per unit land area.

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Institutional Arrangement

In Guwahati the three agencies most concerned are:

• Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA) • Guwahati Municipal Corporation (GMC) • Guwahati City Traffic Police

GMDA needs to organize itself to prepare Transport System Management Plans for different areas, of which parking policy and provision will be an important component. They need to fix parking fees. They may franchise operation and collection of fees to private enterprise through a bidding process.

GMC is in-charge of road construction and maintenance. Provision of on-street parking areas with necessary road cross-section design and construction, lane markings, installation of signs, etc. would be the responsibility of GMC. As they have a good engineering construction department, they can also undertake construction, operation, maintenance and management of off-street public parking facilities. However it is prudent to allocate this role to private enterprise. Traffic police are responsible for enforcement of parking plans and rules.

In residential areas, the maintenance and management of parking areas within a housing colony may be assigned to the Residents Welfare Associations (RWAs). If no such association is formed, the residents may be encouraged to form such associations and participate in managing the services and facilities within their colonies.

Functional Plans

Over a period of time, it is important to prepare ‘functional plans’ for every link of the primary road network system of the city comprising arterial, sub-arterial and collector streets. The functional plan should incorporate all aspects of the road like geometrics, controls, traffic management and uses including on-street parking demarcation. Appropriate organizational arrangements with capacity and logistics need to be established, GMDA providing traffic engineering & traffic management plans and Traffic Police providing traffic enforcement. Capacity in the agencies to perform these tasks on a continuous basis needs to be built.

Private Sector Participation

Private sector is presently involved in maintaining and managing the on-street parking. This participation needs to be extended to maintain and manage on-street parking all over the city and more so, to invest in, develop and manage off-street public parking facilities. Municipal Authorities to facilitate this process by providing land at concessional lease rates, regulating on-street parking, permitting multi-uses in the complex and extending other administrative support. The 14 parking areas could be developed through Private sector participation.

Parking for Disadvantaged

The concept of ‘Orange Badge’ may be introduced to facilitate easy and convenient parking of vehicles driven by disadvantaged persons. The vehicles need to be distinguished by special orange bands/tokens and they

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are given priority for parking and also exempted from some of the rules of parking as applicable to general public.

Parking and Environment

Large scale development of off-street parking areas provide a good opportunity to design and develop them to ensure that they are aesthetically attractive. They need to be planned and developed as elements of urbanscape.

5.4.12 Goods Movement

A large volume of goods traffic moves within, into, out of and through Guwahati enabling city’s production and consumption patterns. Efficient movement of goods traffic is important in reducing costs and increasing economic productivity of city activities. It is important that needs of goods traffic are given attention at the planning stage and adequate land resources are allocated.

Goods Traffic

13,128 goods vehicles move into and out of Guwahati every day (outer cordon, 2004). Of these 2-axle trucks account for 79.1%, 3-axle trucks for 10.5% and LCVs 9.2%. Composition of Multi-Axle vehicles is still small at 1.2%. A total of 1.03lakh tonnes of commodities of various types move into and out of Guwahati on an average day.

The average load/lead of goods vehicles at the outer cordon, including empty vehicles, were as under:

LCV - 1.75 tonnes 48.05 Km 2/3 Axle Trucks - 8.23 tonnes 247.71 Km MAV - 12.46 tonnes 696.70 Km

Nearly 87% of goods traffic was to and from Guwahati, signifying its importance as a generator of goods traffic. The desire pattern of goods vehicles, at the outer cordon, was observed to be as under:

Internal-Internal - 5.4% Internal-External - 42% External-Internal - 44.8% External-External - 7.8%

Coal was the major commodity, accounting for 17.92% of goods vehicles at the outer cordon. “Construction Materials and Cement’ accounted for 12.23%. The share of empty vehicles at the outer cordon was a high at 25.12% indicating high degree of flow from the adjoining areas but also indicating the loss in productive utilization of the vehicles.

5278 goods vehicles crossed the inner cordon on an average day. Of them LCVs were 30.7%, 2 Axle trucks were 37.1% and 3-Axle trucks were 0.6% and MAVs were 1.6%. The average loads, by vehicle type, including empty vehicles, at Inner Cordon were as under:

LCV - 1.87 tonnes 2/3 Axle Truck - 3.58 tonnes

‘Fruits & Vegetables’ was the main commodity, accounting for 11.64% of vehicles. ‘Miscellaneous’ commodity accounted for 17.65%. ‘Forest Product, Wood’ (7.21%), ‘Fuel, Oil and Gas’ (4.07%), ‘Iron & Steel’ (7.23%) were other major commodities moving across the inner cordon.

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Goods Traffic Prospects

The transport modeling has indicated that the goods traffic, at the Outer Cordon, would be 38764 vehicles on an average day, by the horizon year. It is important that the movement of goods traffic is rationalized to increase efficiency, improve productivity, reduce congestion and promote safety.

Planning for Goods Movement

Planning for goods movement in an urban area includes three components. They are:

• Planning for goods generating activities like wholesale markets, major industries, warehousing and storage areas, etc.

• Planning for movement of goods modes and • Planning for parking and servicing of goods vehicles

Goods Terminals

A major goods terminal is proposed to be developed as part of the Integrated Freight Complex along with rail depot and truck terminal at North Guwahati area in proposed New Town I. This would be rail cum road terminal. The praposal is to develop an Integrated Freight Complex at the new location. In the land use plan, an area of 238 ha in North Guwahati has been zoned for the IFC. The IFC and other related facilities like rail terminal, truck terminal, supporting public and semi public facilities etc. to be developed in this zone. It is recommended that a pre feasibility study of the IFC may be conducted and an integrated plan and program of implementation prepared immediately.

The concept of IFCs, simply put, is replication of Central Area, in terms of functions and facilities, at a smaller scale, at the new location identified for relocation of activities. The IFC is not commodity specific but would include all commodities markets so that a customer, who is a retail dealer in all commodities, within or outside Guwahati, would be able to get his needs of all commodities and services at one place.

The important and critical component of an IFC is the transport component. The IFC is connected to other parts of the city, including the central area, and the city regions, with a good transport network and service system. Transport terminal both of truck and rail terminals are integral parts of an IFC. Adequate parking for all modes is important.

An organization which may be called as the ‘Guwahati Integrated Freight Complex Company (GIFCC)’ may be set up with equity contribution by Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA) and the stakeholders. The GIFCC shall be responsible for planning and promoting the development of the IFC. It shall also mobilize resources for IFC development. It shall advocate for enactment of proclamations/regulations for the operation of the IFC. The GIFCC should also advocate for implementation of incentives and disincentives for relocation of trade and other functions from central area to the IFC.

The GIFCC may set up one or more Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) to construct, operate and manage all or the different components of the IFC. The management of the SPVs shall be by private sector with a small share in the equity by the GIFCC.

Planning, development, operation and management of IFC (s) is an answer to the growing needs of the city, increasing congestion within and

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deteriorating environment quality of central areas, increasing accidents on the road network system, increasing costs of goods and services, reducing productivity of resources and reducing competitiveness and image of Guwahati.

Truck Terminal Space Norms

Truck terminal and Rail terminal are integrated as adjacent parts of a IFC. The broad land use break up of a truck terminal would be as under:

Sl. No. Use Type % of Area Area (ha)

1 Transport Operators (office, storage, loading/unloading) 30.0 18.0

2 Service Industry (Fuel Filling Stations, Service area, weigh bridge, etc)

6.0 3.6

3 Public & Semi-Public (Police, Post, Telephone, Telecommunication, health conveniences, etc)

3.0 1.8

4 Commercial (eating places, dormitories, rest rooms, shops, etc)

3.0 1.8

5 Parking (Idle, transit, others) 18.0 10.8

6 Open Spaces 10.0 6.0 7 Circulation 28.0 16.8 8 Others 2.0 1.2

Total 100.0 60.0

Rail Link

The above identified location needs to be linked by the regional rail system. The main rail line to Guwahati runs on the west of the proposed zone. It is suggested that a rail branch link from this main line be extended

to the IFC. However the rail terminal cum depot plan needs to be prepared as an integral component of IFC plan.

This rail link is proposed to be extended to run along the eastern edge of New Town I and North Guwahati and cross river Brahmaputra to link with the main line. The proposed bridge across river Brahmaputra could be a rail-cum-road bridge or they could be two separate bridges. Techno-economic feasibility study needs to be carried out to decide the location of bridge(s), alignment of rail line and alignment of the peripheral by-pass road. Road Network for Major Goods Movement

An exclusive road network to cater future needs of GMA has been proposed in this CMP-2025. AT the top of the hierarchy is the bypass system taking off from NH-31 in the North, circumscribing the proposed wholesale market area, crosses river Brahmaputra on the east side, runs eastwards along the river bank upto Tadibagan, turns southwards and run southwards to meet Shillong Road (NH-37) at the intersection with the present Bypass road. A new road south of the existing Bypass road and in parallel to it is proposed from Shillong road upto the Airport road (Azara). On the western side the peripheral Bypass road runs from NH-31 in the north, run westwards connecting the proposed New Town, turn southwards, cross river Brahmputra and run southwards west of the airport and connect to the road network of the proposed New Town on the south. Two bridges across river Brahmaputra are proposed, on the east and west sides of the existing bridge, along the proposed Bypass alignment. All heavy goods vehicles are proposed to be routed along this Bypass Road, accessing the wholesale market area, the industrial areas, the New Towns and other destination points.

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Movement of Goods Modes

The movement of goods modes on the road network needs to be rationalized. Goods modes can be grouped into three types as under:

− Small sized vehicles like pick ups − Medium sized vehicles like LCVs and − Large size vehicles like 2/3 Axle Trucks, Truck Trailer & MAVs

Small size vehicles like ‘Pick ups’ perform an essential distribution function. In space occupancy and maneuverability they are similar to cars. Their movement on all road sections, at all times of day may be permitted. As part of traffic management plans, separate parking areas for ‘Pick ups’ may be identified.

Medium size vehicles like LCVs are important to move goods to and from industries, warehouses and other major activities. They affect overall level of service of traffic. These are not to be permitted in the central city i.e. Planning Unit 1 after the development of I.F.C..

Movement of Large Size Goods Vehicles

Large sized goods vehicles consume high proportion of road capacity, impede traffic flows, cause accidents, adversely effect environment and consume large extent of land for parking. As these vehicles are bringing in/taking out traffic from/to other parts of the country, exclusive vehicle related restrictions that are valid only to Guwahati can not be prescribed. These vehicles need to be received at the urban periphery and facilitated in terms of planned terminals. Major truck terminals and/or idle parking is proposed to be developed as part of IFC.

Movement of ‘Non-Destined’ Traffic

Traffic surveys indicate a high share of ‘non-destined’ or ‘through’ traffic of goods mode at the outer cordon. With the development of the states of North East Region and the federal road system the intensity of movement of ‘non-destined’ mode would continue to increase. This traffic would be facilitated through the system of bypass roads.

5.4.13 Environment

With growing traffic demand, environment pollution would become a major issue affecting the local as well as the macro environment. The plan proposes the following strategies in order to manage the down effects of urban transport on the environment:

− Plan, Develop, Operate & Manage Integrated, Balanced Transport System as in CMP - 2025

− Introduce Public Mass Transport System (PMTS) − Prescribe Vehicle Exhaust Norms − Introduce Pollution Check of Vehicles − Introduce Clean Fuel (Low Sulphur Diesel) − Restrict Age of Commercial Vehicles to 15 years − Adopt Traffic Management − Impart Education and Training − Monitor Air Quality on a Continuous Basis

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5.5 Institutional Arrangement - Guwahati Integrated Transport Board and Office

The 3-Tier Model

Guwahati city is in an advantageous position to bring about effective coordination in the planning, development, operation and management of an integrated, multi-modal transport system of the city. Some basic changes in the hierarchy and functioning of the institutional arrangements need to be done. A three tier conceptual model is suggested. It includes the Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA) at the apex, the Guwahati Integrated Transport Board (GITB), to be newly set up, at the next level and the functional agencies like Guwahati City Roads Authority, Guwahati Transport Authority. Guwahati City Bus Companies, Guwahati Light Rail Transport Corporation, Guwahati Integrated Freight Complex Company, etc at the third level reporting to the Guwahati Integrated Transport Board.

GITB

The GITB, shall be constituted by a resolution of the Assam State Government. The objects of the Board shall be to promote and secure the development of the transport system of the territory of Guwahati

Metropolitan Area (GMA) and provision of transport service according to plan and for that purpose the Board shall have the power to hold, manage and dispose off land and other fixed and movable assets and other property to carry out building, engineering, and other operations to provide or cause to provide, transport service, to execute works in connection with development of transport facilities and supply of transport service and amenities, and generally to do anything necessary or expedient for purposes of such development and for purposes incidental thereto.

6 Physical Infrastructure 6.1 Water supply

6.1.1 Present Water Supply Status

Presently only 30% of the Guwahati city area is covered under piped water supply. The total installed capacity of potable water generation under GMC area is around 98 MLD considering the capacities of the treatment plants at Panbazar, Patpabhri and Hengrabari although the total water produced is 79 MLD. The present requirement of water (@ 135 lpcd) for the 9.8 lakh population would be 132 MLD.

Sources of Raw Water

1. Surface Water

The main source of raw water for existing Guwahati Metropolitan area is the River Brahmaputra. The average discharge of river Brahmaputra near Saraighat Bridge area is 4500 m3/sec and flows nearly full for a

Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority

Guwahati Integrated Transport Board

Guwahati Transport Functional Agencies

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considerable length of time. The level of water remains at 48.17 metres above MSL for 50% of the days out of 150 monsoon days.

2. Ground Water

Yield from the shallow tube wells is not significant within the Guwahati Metropolitan Area. Possibilities of extracting ground water in considerable quantity are remote in the hard rocky areas.

6.1.2 Norms for Water Supply

Per capita water supply for designing of various schemes as suggested in “Manual on Water Supply and Treatment” of the Central Public Health Engineering Organisation, Government of India. In order to calculate the water demands for each node of the water supply distribution, ward-wise water requirement has been calculated in DPR for water supply, storm water drainage, underground sewerage and road restoration of Guwahati metropolitan area under “JNNURM” scheme. For ICI water demand, an exhaustive list of such units for 2007 has been prepared and per capita ICI demand has been calculated from 2007 projected population. This lpcd has been added with static water demand (i.e @135lpcd) and total water demand has been calculated over projected population of 2025 (the water demand has been calculated for 21.8 lakh in the DPR under JNNURM). Capacities of all components, except for pipelines, are based on 2025 water demand considering UFW @15% as per CPHEEO manual.

6.1.3 Projected Water Demand in different Planning Units

For preparation of water demand, entire GMA has been divided into four parts: - North Guwahati, South Guwahati West, South Guwahati Central

and South Guwahati East. (ref. Map 6.1) The water demand for each planning unit is based on projected population for the year 2025. The total water demand in the existing GMA as in 2025 is 425 MLD.

Table 6.1: Water Demand in GMA-2025 Zones Planning

Unit Wards Covered Projected

Population

Gross Water Demand (in MLD)

North Guwahati 9 69, 70, 71 147,809 38 South Guwahati West

5, 6, 7, 8 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (Part), 65, 66, 67, 68

582,749 107

South Guwahati Central

1, 2, 3, 5, 10

13 (Part), 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 (Part), 47 (Part), 48 (Part), 49, 50 (Part), 51 (Part), 57 (Part), 59, 60

1,007,236 192

South Guwahati East

2, 3, 4, 10 40, 45 (Part), 46, 47 (Part), 48 (Part), 50 (Part), 51 (Part), 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 (Part), 58, 61, 62, 63, 64

442,489 88

6.1.4 Water Requirement for Major Industries/Railways/Airports

At present the major industry like Noonmati IOC’s refinery and Railways, Airports and defence establishment are collecting and treating their water requirement by themselves without depending on Municipal Water Supplies. Their main source of raw water is the river Brahmaputra.

It is proposed that in future, all the major industries will arrange their water need depending on their special requirement. The treatment and disposal of wastewater is also to be undertaken by these agencies. Municipal Corporation may not take this responsibility, as special treatment is required by each industry.

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6.1.5 Water Intake, Treatment and Distribution

The water supply to the city is provided by three agencies viz. Assam Urban Water Supply & Sewerage Board (AUWSSB), Guwahati Municipal Corporation (GMC) and Public Health Engineering Department (PHED) through their existing system. Beside Railways, Indian Oil and Defence agencies also have their own independent supply systems for their areas. GMDA is now coordinating the water supply under JNNURM. All these agencies have their own future plans which need to be coordinated between the agencies by the GMDA which has already been identified as the nodal agency for the JNNURM funded for Water Supply project. Separate organisation such as Guwahati Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board may be constituted for the area to implement and execution of the project.

6.1.5.1 Water Intake

The water level of the river Brahmaputra varies around 10 meter between winter and monsoon period. During monsoon, the water level of the river sometimes goes higher than ground level of the city and stays so for more than a month. Thus, generally floating platform with flexible pipe connections are to be used for water intake. River Brahmaputra remains the best surface water source and has been considered for intake of raw water at four locations viz. Gopalnagar, Kharguli, West Kamakhya and near IIT Guwahati Complex for North Guwahati.

6.1.5.2 Water Treatment

Based on the physiography, population distribution and ease in operation and maintenance, the entire Guwahati Metropolitan Area is divided into

four zones for the distribution of water, namely; South Guwahati West Zone covering the planning Units 5 (part), 6, 7 and 8; and South Guwahati Central covering the planning units 1, 2, 3, 5 (part) and 10; and South Guwahati East covering the planning units 2 (part), 3 (part), 4 and 10 (part). For North Guwahati another zone has been proposed, namely; North Guwahati Zone covering the planning Unit 9. Refer Map 6.1.

Each service district should have one intake arrangement for drawing raw water from the river Brahmaputra from a floating barge. The raw water will be pumped to the treatment plant located in each zone through a raw water pumping mains. The location of water intake and water treatment plant is given in Table 6.2. Table 6.2: Proposed Location of Intake and Treatment Plant, Area to be Served and Capacity of W.T.P. (in MLD) by 2025 S. No

Water Intake

Treatment Plant

Planning Unit (area to be served)

Zone Reqm. (in MLD)

Capacity of Propos-ed Plant (considering 15% losses) in MLD (area in ha)

1 Near IIT Campus

Near IIT Campus

9 North Guwahati

32.31 38 (9.52 ha)

2 West Kamakhya

Sadilapur 5, 6, 7, 8 South Guwahati West

94.47 107 (11.33 ha)

3 Kharghuli Kharghuli 1, 2, 3, 5, 10

South Guwahati Central

166.83 192 (8.37 ha)

4 Gopal Nagar Gopal

Nagar near Refinery

2, 3, 4, 10 South Guwahati East

73.25 88 (11.80 ha)

Total 319.28 383.14

6.1.5.3 Water Distribution

A design of water supply distribution network system has been done by

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AUWSSB for Eastern Service district & Western Service district. It is observed that the system is not fully a close network distribution system. It is mostly of dead-end type, which does not ensure the equitable distribution of water everywhere. It is proposed to connect one network with the adjacent networks with provision of valves so as to prevent non-supply during any major repair works in a particular network.

13 in North Guwahati, 9 in South Guwahati West, 2 in South Guwahati Central, and 2 in South Guwahati East of hydraulic zones are proposed in new water distribution zones for GMC under JNNURM scheme. All of these will be independent distribution network in each distribution zone. It is recommended that a comprehensive distribution system starting from major W.T.P in each service district be designed and the present pipeline system and W.T.P.s already available and in working condition to be integrated with the proposed system. The design recommended should consider a terminal head pressure of 0.7 kg/cm2 at peripheral locations.

6.1.5.4 Transmission Main/Clear Water Pumping Main and Service Reservoirs

It is proposed to provide a separate clear water service reservoir for each of zone which will supply water through distribution mains located at corresponding unit. Treated water for zones will be supplied through distribution mains directly from the service reservoir.

Service Reservoirs (SR)/Elevated Service Reservoirs (ESR)

There are 20 service reservoir/elevated services reservoir is proposed for GMC, which would store the quantity requirement for the respective planning unit. The SR/ESR would receive the quantity of water through

the clear water pumping mains from the treatment plants. The water demand of various SR/ESRs for each unit is as under:

Table 6.3: Distribution of Service Reservoirs Zone Name of the Hill Top Reservoir /ESR Water Demand (in MLD)

North Guwahati IIT Hill 38 South Guwahati West Ganeshpara (West) 12.54

Ganeshpara (East) 12.42 Durga Sarubar (Ganeshpara - Central) 9.04 West Kamakhya 35.00 West Kamakhya Hill Top 2.30

Jalukbari 25.00 Mirzapur (ESR) 6.00 Borjhar (ESR) 6.00

South Guwahati Central Ramsa Hill 31.00 Amiya Nagar 29.00 Geetanagar 31.00 Lechu Bagan 17.00 Sonaighuli 33.00 Narakasur 43.00

South Guwahati East Gopal Nagar (Main) 27.00 Bijoy Nagar Subzone 8.10 Subzone near Sector III 8.10 Jonaki Nagar 54.00

Khanapara Subzone 3.40

6.4 Sewerage

6.2.1 Existing Sewerage System

Presently the Guwahati Metropolitan Area (GMA) does not have any integrated sewerage system except for certain pockets such as Railway colonies, I.O.C Refinery and Defence establishments having their own independent system. There are generally septic tanks in Guwahati. The effluent is released untreated into the nearby drains and low-lying areas.

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Similar is the case of industrial wastewater. In case of septic tanks, the soak pits are becoming non-functional in many areas because of high sub-soil water table within a short span of time.

6.2.2 Projected Wastewater Generation

Considering the various factors, the per capita wastewater generation would be 80% of the water supply. Planning unit wise discharge of the wastewater is given in the Table 6.4. For places covered refer Table 6.1.

The planning units are combined into 3-service district for better collection and treatment of wastewater. Thus, the total area has been divided into three districts as in the case of water supply.

Table 6.4: Wastewater Load in Guwahati Metropolitan Area (GMA) Planning

Unit Wards Covered Projected

Population (Year – 2025)

Generated wastewater in MLD (Year 2025)

1 18,19,20,21,23,25,26 27,28,29,30,31, 32,33 & 34 165076 23.77 2 15,16,17,22,24,55,56,57,58,59 & 60 401156 57.77 3 51,52,53,54 & 64 174627 25.14 4 46,61,62 & 63 59131 8.51 5 10,12,13 & 65 113409 16.33 6 3,4,5,6,7,8 & 9 93527 13.46 7 1 & 2 85087 12.26 8 66,67 & 68 230694 33.22 9 69,70 & 71 156124 22.48 10 11,14,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,4547,48,49,50 295071 42.49

Total 1773902 255.42

6.2.3 Disposal of Industrial Effluent

A number of large and medium size industries are located in Guwahati

Metropolitan Area (GMA). These industries discharge their industrial effluent into a big natural drain, which ultimately merges into River Brahmaputra with lot of chemicals being discharged by the industries, which pollute the water. Therefore, it is proposed that all large industries should have their own effluent treatment plants while industrial estates should have Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) to meet the standard for discharge of treated industrial effluent. Small industries with very little pollution load can discharge their effluents after some primary treatment into municipal sewage network.

6.2.4 Proposed Domestic Sewage Disposal System

Considering various factors for STP siting, like availability of adequate land, convenience of disposal/transfer of sludge/effluent, natural topography, and three locations has been selected for STP location. Refer Table 6.5 and Map 6.2. Table 6.5: Proposed Location of STP with Location by 2025 Sl. No.

Service Sector Planning Unit Location Capacity in MLD (area in ha)

1 Eastern Service Sector

1,2,3,4 & 10 At Dhirenpara area 157.68 (20.60 ha)

2 Western Service Sector

5,6,7 & 8 On the Bank of Khanajan River

75.27 (8.66 ha)

3 North Service Sector 9 Near Confluence of Ghorajan River

22.5 (3.07 ha)

Total 255.5

After thorough investigation of several methods i.e. activated sludge, extended aeration and oxidation pond method of sewage treatment for wastewater, the activated sludge system has been found suitable for treatment of sewage at different sewage treatment plants.

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6.3 Water Supply and Sewerage for New Towns

Three New Towns have been proposed as extensions of GMA in the population assignment for 2025 as following:

New Town Planning Unit Proposed Population - 2025 New Town I 11 0.8 lakh

New Town II 12 1.6 lakh

New Town III 13 1.6 lakh

Total 4.0 lakh

6.2.5 Water Supply

6.3.1 Sources of Raw Water for the New Towns

The main source of raw water for the proposed new towns i.e. New Town I & New Town II of Guwahati Metropolitan area shall be River Brahmaputra.

The New Town III is located towards south western side of Guwahati Metropolitan Area. Since it is away from River Brahmaputra, it is proposed to have deep tube well (submersible) in this area. It is observed that the yield from the tube wells should be sufficient to cater for the proposed water demand of the New Town III.

Projected Water Demand for the New Towns

The Water demand for the new towns (ref. Map 6.1) is based on projected population for year 2025 and the special uses proposed respectively.

The water demand for the projected population is based on @ 180 lpcd for urban area. For industrial, wholesale commercial and SEZ use areas, water demand @ 45000 litres/ha/day has been adopted. The total water demand as on 2025 is 134 MLD for the three new towns. Refer to Table 6.6.

Table 6.6 : Water Demand for the year 2025 New Town

Planning Unit Covered

Placed covered Projected Population (in

No.)/Area (Ha)

Gross Water

Demand (in MLD)

I 11

North East of GMA (Sila-Matiya-Najirakhat-Bhulung area)

80,000 15

Integrated freight complex and truck terminal

400.00 Ha 18

II 12 North East of GMA (Charmajuli Pam, Gandhmau, Ambari Bamun, Sualkuchi)

1,60,000 29

City Industrial Area 400.00 Ha 18III

13 South West of GMA (Panchniyapara, Sajjanpara,Gariyapara, Alibari, Tarapatipara)

1,60,000 29

SEZ, IT and Business Centre 561.07 Ha 25 Total 134

Water Treatment for the New Towns

New Towns I and II should have one intake structure with water drawing arrangement for drawing raw water from the river Brahmaputra from a floating barge and the raw water will be pumped to the treatment plant through a series of raw water pumping mains. The location of water intake, water treatment plant and area to be served would be as in Table 6.7. Also Refer Map 6.1.

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Table 6.7: Proposed Location of Intake and Treatment Plant, Area to be served and capacity of WTP (in MLD)

Sl. No.

Location of Intake

Location of Treatment

Plant

Town No. (Planning Unit No.)

Requirement in MLD (2025)

Capacity of proposed plant

considering 20% losses

MLD (area in ha)

1 Upper Rajadwar

Nazirakhat I (11) 33 39.6 (2.5 ha)

2 Charmajuli Pam

Charmajuli Pam

II (12) 47 56.4 (3.68 ha)

3 Near Sajjan Para (Deep Tubewell)

Near Sajjan Para

III (13) 54 64.8 (4.2 ha)

Total 132 161

Service Reservoirs (SR)/Elevated Service Reservoirs (ESR)

A service reservoir/elevated services reservoir is proposed for each of the proposed town, which would store the quantity requirement for the respective town. The SR/ESR would receive the quantity of water through the clear water pumping mains from the treatment plants. Proposed locations of different SR/ESRs are shown in the map enclosed. The capacities of various SR/ESRs for each town are as under:

Table 6.8: Distribution of Service Reservoirs in New Towns

New Town (Planning Unit No.) Capacity of Service Reservoir (in million litre) I (11) 15.60 II (12) 16.20 III (13) 15.54

6.3.2 Sewerage

Project Wastewater Generation for the New Towns Considering the various factors per capita waste water would be 80% of the water supply. Town wise discharge of the wastewater is given in the Table 6.9. Table 6.9 : Generation of Wastewater in New Towns in 2025

New Town

Planning Unit No.

Placed covered Generated Wastewater(in MLD )

I 11 North East of GMA (Between Agyathuri Hills & Rawmari)

26.4

II 12 North East of GMA (Charmajuli Pam, Gandhmau, Ambari Bamun, Soalkuchi area)

37.6

III 13 South West of GMA (Panchniyapara, Sajjanpara, Gariyapara, Alibari,Tarapatipara area)

43.2

Total 107.2

Sewage Disposal System for the New Towns

Considering various factors for STP sites, like availability of adequate land, convenience of disposal/transfer of sludge/effluents, natural topography, locations in each town have been selected for STP location. Each town would have their independent sewerage treatment plants.

The location of STP, area to be served and their capacity would be as in Table 6.10. Refer Map 6.2.

Table 6.10: Distribution of STP in New Towns

Town No. Planning Unit No. Capacity in MLD Area (in ha) I 11 26.4.0 3.4 II 12 37.6 4.8 III 13 43.2 5.6

Total 107.2 13.8

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6.4 Drainage

6.4.1 Drainage Basins

Considering the topographical features, the whole GMA area is divided into 6 (six) numbers of drainage basins, which are ultimately drained into the river Brahmaputra either directly or through various drainage channels and reservoirs. These six basins are:

Bharalu Basin: Bharalu river being the most flood prone and the focal point of the entire Guwahati drainage system is with a catchment area of 4200 hectare, it gets the top place in the drainage scheme. The developments have blocked the natural drainage pattern. The Basin is almost flat with several pockets of low-lying areas. During heavy rain, there is a back flow of water.

Dipar Basin: This is the largest single drainage basin located at the southern most part of the Guwahati Metropolitan Area with an area of 20135 hectares, comprising 2/3 hilly areas and 1/3 plain areas. It is the largest existing drainage basin in Guwahati. River Basistha also finally discharges into Dipar Beel. The basin is again sub-divided into two sub-basins: Bijubari sub-basin and Deepar sub-basin.

Silsako Basin: Silsako basin covers 6534 hectares in the east of Guwahati. The basin includes military area, refinery and the townships of various industrial establishments. All the areas are sloping towards the Silsako Beel and at present the Beel receives all the runoff from the whole basin. Silsako Beel is connected with Brahmaputra River through Bondajan River.

Foreshore Basin: The areas include main residential, commercial, institutional and business areas in Guwahati. Water logging takes place in some areas (Uzanbazar) as most areas are at a considerable height.

North Guwahati Basin: It has mostly hill ranges comprising the north and western boundary. Most of the area drains into the river Brahmaputra either directly or through the river Ghorajan via Namalijalah Beel. This covers a total area of 3230 hectare.

Kalmoni Basin: The whole of the basin falls outside the Guwahati Metropolitan area. The major outlet River Kalmoni finds its way into the river Brahmaputra partly through Dipar Beel and the Khana River and partly through Thengbhanga Beel and the Kalbog river. The total area occupied by the basin is 6650 hectares.

The drainage problem of GMA is to tackle ‘Basin wise’, if required flood water is to be diverted to another basin, if the capacity of one basin is found inadequate.

6.4.2 Guwahati Drainage Studies

Following are some important actions in the form of drainage studies or implementation of drainage projects undertaken so far:

a) A Master Plan for drainage, sewerage and water supply of Guwahati Metropolitan Area was prepared by Assam Government in 1971 with the help of Calcutta Metropolitan Planning Organisation (CMPO).

b) The Master Plan for Drainage was revised in the year 1991 to hold good for a period upto 2021.

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c) The Town and Country Planning Department undertook some measures for storm drainage and completed construction of drains including box drains of total length of 17 km from 1973-74 to 1996-97.

d) In 1998-99 the Town and Country Planning Department prepared a Detailed Project Report (DPR) on Guwahati Metropolitan Area Storm Drainage Improvement Programme for assistance from HUDCO, on the basis of the revised version of the CMPO Master Plan.

6.4.3 Present Drainage Situation

With the exception of a small area of the city where Town and Country Planning, Government of Assam have implemented drainage schemes, nowhere within the Guwahati Metropolitan area any planned drainage system is in existence. The Guwahati Municipal Corporation area has got some roadside small drains which are not efficient enough to provide relief to the locality.

With the studies mentioned above with little implementation and with encroachments alongside drains, inadequate section of the outfall channels, over-flooding of the local drains, de-silting of hills, inadequate section of the outfall channel, existence of low-lying ditches within the local drains pattern having inadequate banks result in frequent over-flooding of the adjoining areas due to inefficient carrying capacity. This endangers the health and property of the area. This is more so within the corporation area where density of population is high and areas where buildings are constructed in low-lying areas blocking the natural drainage courses. The drainage situation is such that many areas of the city remain water logged during the rainy months.

6.4.4 Inadequate Drains

The drains of the city are grossly inadequate and insufficient. Since most of the drains fall on the upstream side of River Bharalu, the level of which is higher than the level of the drains, the outlet of the water is retarded by the difference in the levels.

6.4.5 Flooding of drainage system

Bharalu basin is the most flood prone area in the region. If the Bharalu River fails, the entire drainage system of the city collapses. The main causes for flooding include heavy siltation on the Bharalu River and encroachments on the natural drainage catchments areas. There are encroachments on the other drainage systems as well. Apart from that, there is garbage dumping which has resulted in blocking of natural drains.

6.4.6 Possible Solutions and Further Action

Some of the important actions suggested are:

Bharalu Basin

• The re-sectioning of the main drainage channel i.e. River Bharalu to increase the water flow;

• The trunk and major drains within the drainage basin tributary of the river Bharalu to be redesigned;

• The sluice structure near Pragjyotishpur College to be abandoned as it is too small. A new sluice structure for the entire opening to be constructed at a point near K.R. Chowdhury Road upstream of the railway line.

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Foreshore Basin

This is sub-divided into three sub-basins: • The Sub-Basin-1 comprises of the easternmost areas upto

Kharguli. It includes the housing colony of the refinery. There is no problem of water logging during the rainy season in this area as they have storm water drainage system working satisfactorily.

• The Sub-Basin-2 includes Kamakhya T.C., the Pandu Railway Colony, the University and the other adjacent areas. The area from Assam Trunk Road upto Bharalumukh is subjected to flooding. Thus, it is proposed to construct a proper size intercepting drain along the Northern berm of the Assam Trunk Road.

• The Sub-Basin-3 covers the municipal area lying along the river. For this area 5 special outfall structures with sluice control have been suggested.

Dipar Basin

• Construction of main gate along the national highway from the diversion point to the Fatasil Road point where it enters Deepar Beel and construction of the new sluice on the Khanajan River for the proper flow and the river area has to be re-sectioned.

Silsako Basin

• Silsako Beel area should be used for storage for storm water and it should be developed as a recreational area.

Other recommendations:

• The encroachments on natural drainage system, which is the main reason for the blockage, should be stopped.

• Existing manholes of drain are inadequate; more manholes and inlet are required for the quick disposal of silt and stagnated water. The size of the inlet holes and their position need to be redesigned.

• Silt pit of proper size should be constructed in suitable areas and provision of periodical cleaning the silt pit should be done to avoid blockage in the drainage system.

• Effective garbage collection system (including domestic and other type of garbage) to be in place so that this does not block the drainage channels.

• A new canal to take excess water may be built from Konna towards west parallel to Kakermara where HFL of the river is lower than the city level. This is subject to detailed feasibility study. Refer Map 6.3.

For a detailed note on drainage refer Annex VI. The city now needs a new comprehensive study and action programme for drainage system and network also considering the developments upto 2025 as suggested in this plan.

6.5 Solid Waste Management

Presently important sources of solid waste generation are (i) Residential areas including slum habitations (ii) Fruit and vegetable market (iii) Hotels and restaurants (iv) Hospitals (v) Drains de-silting (vi) Commercial & Industrial wastes from these areas.

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A comprehensive picture of solid waste generation per capita based on an international 1995 study is detailed in Table 6.11.

Table 6.11: Relation between GNP and Expected Generation of Municipal Solid Waste

Sl No

Country Year 1995 Perspective 2025 G

NP

per

capi

ta

US $

U

rban

Po

pula

tion

(% o

f To

tal)

Urb

an M

SW

Gen

erat

ion

(Kg/

capi

ta/

day)

GN

P pe

r ca

pita

U

S$

Urb

an P

op.

(% o

f Tot

al)

Urb

an M

SW

Gen

erat

ion

(Kg/

capi

ta/

day)

Low Income 490 27.8 0.64 1.05 48.8 0.6-1.0 1 Nepal 200 13.7 0.50 360 34.3 0.6 2 Bangladesh 240 18.3 0.49 440 40.0 0.6 3 Myanmar 240 26.2 0.45 580 47.3 0.6 4 Vietnam 240 20.8 0.55 580 39.0 0.75 Mangolia 310 60.9 0.60 560 76.5 0.9 6 India 340 26.8 0.46 620 45.2 0.7 7 Lao PDR 350 21.7 0.69 850 44.5 0.8 8 China 620 30.3 0.79 1,500 54.5 0.9 9 Sri Lanka 700 22.4 0.89 1,300 42.6 1.0

Middle Income 1,410 37.6 0.73 3,390 61.1 0.8-1.5 10 Indonesia 980 35.4 0.76 2,400 60.7 1.0 11 Philippines 1.05 54.2 0.52 2,500 74.3 0.8 12 Thailand 2,740 20.0 1.10 6,650 39.1 1.5 13 Malaysia 3,890 53.7 0.81 9,400 72.7 1.4High Income 30,990 79.5 1.64 41,140 88.2 1.1-4.5 14 Korea 9,700 81.3 1.59 17,600 1.4 15 Hong Kong 22,990 95.0 5.07 31,000 93.7 4.5 16 Singapore 26,730 100 1.10 36,000 100 1.1 17 Japan 39,640 77.6 1.47 53,500 84.9 1.3

Source: “What a Waste”, Solid Waste Management in Asia, Urban Development Sector Unit, East Asia and Pacific Region, October 1998

From the table, it can be concluded that with the economic development and the increase in growth of per capita GNP, the per capita generation of solid waste generation increases. It is estimated that, per capita solid

generation for Guwahati for the year 2025 would be of the order of 0.8 kg per capita per day.

The Table 6.12 shows the solid waste generation at 5-year intervals in the Guwahati.

Table 6.12: Projection of Solid Waste Generation Year Actual/Projected

Population Estimated generation

Kg/day/person MT/day 1991 6.46 lakhs 0.30 193.8 2001 8.9 lakhs 0.35 311.5 2010 12.4 lakhs 0.60 744.0 2025 21.74 lakhs 0.80 1739

6.5.1 Solid Waste from Specific Specialized Areas

Vegetable & Fruit Market: A good quantity of solid waste will also be generated from vegetable & fruit markets. Solid Waste from vegetable markets is basically a large quantity of green waste that confirms the presence of commendable C/N ratio. But no data on the specific generation of quantity is available so far. A study is suggested.

Hotels and Restaurant: Generally hotels in cities generate @ 0.5 kg per bed per day. It is roughly worked out that each restaurant produces @ 200 gms of waste per visitor depending of volume of business.

Hospital Waste: As far as hospital waste is concerned, there is no separate disposal site in Guwahati. There is no functional incinerator, which is mandatory in government hospitals. Generally, there is generation @ 0.5 kg per bed per day of solid waste from hospital.

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Table 6.13: No. of Hospital beds & projected solid waste generation

District Present No. of Beds as on

2005

Beds projected No. of beds as

on 2025

Solid waste generated per day

in MT (2005)

Projected Solid Waste generated/day 2025

(MT) A 3,661 3,918 1.83 1.959 B 614 2,770 0.307 1.385 C 572 3,498 0.286 1.749 D 0 2,045 0 1.022

Total 2.417 6.115

Drain De-silting: Guwahati has at present more than 50 km of open drains passing through the city area. Due to carriage of lot of mud by rain from the hill cut areas, these drains are filled up considerably every year. So the de-silting of drains is a common practice. This silt also increases the solid waste.

Commercial Waste from shops: Generally each shop produces commercial waste in the form of paper, packages material & other waste varying from 0.5 kg to 5.0 kg per day depending on their business volume.

Other Sources: Besides the above sources, the solid waste is also generated from (1) Construction and Demolition Activities, (2) Motor Garages, (3) Industries, (4) Carcass Disposal, (5) Dairy and (6) Dhobi Ghat.

6.5.2 Quality of Solid waste Generation

The characteristics of solid waste generation in Guwahati reveals that more than 90% is organic including paper (refer to Table 6.14) and rest constitute of non-biodegradable like plastic, glass etc.

Table 6.14: Composition of garbage in Guwahati Sl No Composition of garbage Percentage

1 Organic Waste 78.0 2 Paper 14.0 3 Glass 1.8 4 Plastic 6.2

Total 100.0

6.5.3 Landfill Area Requirement

The Landfill area requirement based on methods of calculation as per Manual on Municipal Solid Waste Management (1st edition) by Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering has been worked out as shown in Table 6.15. Solid Waste Management site is proposed at Pachim Boragaon of 24 Ha. Refer Map 6.2

Table 6.15: Land Requirement for Solid Waste Land Filling Sl No Year Estimated quantity of solid

waste generated (in MT/day) Total Area required

(in Hectare) 1 1991 193.8 - 2 2001 311.5 16.27 3 2010 744.0 38.0 4 2025 1739 91.0

Each landfill site for solid waste disposal should be equipped with the required facilities including fencing, weigh bridges, proper access roads, proper drainage system, leachgate collection system, gas handing equipments.

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6.6 Power

6.6.1 Power Demand

There is a gap of nearly 48 MVA (as per UDPFI guide lines for urban development) between the power demand and the availability at present in Guwahati City. The total requirement is 1100 MVA by 2012 as per ASEB.

It is proposed to build three additional Main Receiving Grid Stations (132/11 kV) of capacity 150 MVA, where power will be obtained from Assam State Electricity Board and different power plants of central sector. The tentative locations of grid stations have been shown in Map 6.4. Power will further be transmitted to various sector substations (33/11 kV). Considering maximum capacity of each such substation as 20 MVA, 23 such sub-stations would be required with 4 and 19 numbers coming up in first and last three phases respectively. Therefore, a total of 23 sub-stations are required to be built in or around the town to meet the power demand of the city by 2025. The tentative locations of proposed sub-stations have been shown in Map 6.4. Table 6.16: Location of Electric Sub-stations

S.No. Location of Substation Capacity (in MVA) 01. Fatasil 2 x 10 02. Jalukbari 3 x 5 03. Paltan Bazar 2 x 10 04. Jawahar Nagar 1 x 10 + 2 x 5 05. Narengi 3 x 5 06. Ulubari 2 x 10 07. Uzanbazar 2 x 10

S.No. Location of Substation Capacity (in MVA) 08. Zoo Road 1 x 10 + 1 x 5 09. Medical College 1 x 2.5 + 1 x 2.5 (Future) 10. Gorbanga 2 x 5 11. Borjhar 1 x 2.5 12. Mirza 1 x 5 + 1 x 3.16 13. Rani 1 x 2.5 14. Chhayagaon 1 x 2.5 15. Boko 1 x 1.6 + 1 x 2.5 16. Amingaon 2 x 5 17. Jagi Road 1 x 2.5 18. Malibari 2 x 5 19. Sonapur 2 x 2.5

6.6.2 General Recommendations for Improvement in Transmission

& Distribution of Power Supply The following steps are recommended for improvement in Transmission & Distribution of Power Supply in the long term, short term as well as in present condition.

1. Power at 33kV to be taken using overhead transmission line. 2. Power at 11kV shall also be taken using overhead transmission

line or through underground cables depending upon the condition/necessity/importance and town development planning.

3. To ensure minimum interruption of Power Supply, 11kV underground distribution system can be connected in Ring Main. It will ensure alternate source of power supply for all substations connected to the Ring Main.

4. It is proposed to take LT power supply using underground cables in the town area. It will ease the distribution of Power Supply in the densely populated area of the town.

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5. Wherever it is necessary to use overhead transmission (Outside city limit), LT Arial Bunch cables can be used to check power theft.

6. 11/0.433kV substations can be indoor or outdoor type. 7. Whenever there is any space constraint in congested areas,

Modern compact packaged outdoor substations can be used. This type of modern outdoor substation contains transformer, RMU, capacitor and all the switchgear arrangement in a single compartment. Space required for this substation is 5m x 5m x 4m.

8. The main receiving stations should have the SCADA (Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition) facility to ensure on line monitoring & control of power supply. All substations & distribution stations will be interconnected with controlling stations by using modern methods e.g. Fibre optics. Radio communication may be used for voice communication.

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7 Social Infrastructure 7.1 Components of Social Infrastructure

Social Infrastructure includes education, health, recreation, socio-cultural facilities, police, fire, postal services, telecommunication and distributive services.

7.2 Education

System of Education in the State

The Education in the State is classified in the following categories:

Table 7.1: System of Education in the State Elementary Education

• Primary • Upper Primary

Age 6-14 years Classes I-VIII

Secondary Education Age14-16 years Classes IX-X Higher Secondary Age 17-18 years Classes XI-XII Higher Education

• University • Institutes of National Importance • Degree Colleges

Technical and Vocational Education Vocational Institutes Source: Economic Survey of Assam 2003-04.

In the field of education, the primary objective of the State Government has been the universalization of elementary education and Qualitative improvement of Higher Education.

7.2.2 Primary and Senior Secondary Schools

There are at present 388 primary schools and 101 secondary and higher secondary schools including degree colleges with Classes XI and XII catering to a population of around 8.9 lakh.

To provide primary, secondary and higher secondary school facilities to cent percent school-going children, the following standards are adopted. (Ref. Table 7.2)

Table 7.2: Norms for provision of School level Educational Facilities (upto school level education) No Educational

Facility Level Pop./Unit

(approx.) Strength Plot

Area

1 Pre-primary/Nursery School

Housing Area 2,500 250 0.08

2 Primary School Housing Area 3,000~5,000 500 0.40

3 Senior Secondary School Neighbourhood 7,500 1,000 1.60

4 Integrated School with hostel facility Community 90,000~1,00,000 1,000 3.90

5 School for Handicapped Community 45,000 400 0.50

To cater to the school-level facilities, 70 neighbourhood centres – each to include 2 senior secondary schools and 2 primary schools – are proposed in the existing GMA. Additional required pre-primary and primary schools as per standards given above would be provided in the detail plans of the residential developments. The integrated schools and the schools for handicapped are provided in the Facility Centres in new developments distributed throughout the city. In case of new towns, in the detail plans, the schools at above standards would be provided.

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7.2.3 Higher Education

There are at present 18 Higher Education Institutions, including Cotton College, Guwahati Medical College and Hospital, Assam Engineering College besides Guwahati University and the Indian Institute of Technology. In addition there are three Polytechnics in Guwahati.

Table 7.3: Norms for provision of Higher and Vocational Education No Educational

Facility Level Pop./Unit

(approx.) Strength Plot

Area (ha)

1 General College Community 80,000 1,000-1,500 4.00

2 Technical Education Centre - 3,00,000 500 4.00

a. Polytechnic 400 2.40 b. ITI 100 1.60

The Table 7.3 gives the norms for provision of General College and Technical Education Centres to include Polytechnic and ITI. This would accommodate about 17 students per 1000 population. Additional 3 students per 1000 population would be accommodated in the proposed new University and professional colleges.

On the basis of the above norms, the additional requirement and proposed distribution of General colleges are as under:

Table 7.4: Requirement and Proposed Distribution of General Colleges in GMA-2025

District/ Planning Unit

Additional Population Perspective

2025

Existing Number

Additional Number

Total NumberPerspective

2025

A 1,4,10 59,591 10 1 11 B 2,3 311,152 1 4 5 C 5,6,7,8,13 460,353 4 6 10 D 9, 11,12 362,045 1 5 6

Total 1,193,142 16 16 32

The plan includes the provision of Facility Centres where a group of education, health and other facilities are provided. The additional 16 colleges have been provided in the proposed Facility Centres and distributed in the GMA as follows:

Table 7.5: Distribution of Additional Colleges in proposed Facility Centres Sl No

Location Number of Colleges Planning District Planning Unit Facility Centre

1 District A 4 FC I 1 2 District B 2 FC II 1 3 2 FC III 1 4 3 FC IV 2 5 District C 6 FC V 1 6 8 FC VI 1 7 8 FC VII 2 8 13 FC XII 2 9 District D 9 FC VIII 1 10 9 FC IX 1 11 11 FC X 1 12 12 FC XI 2 Total 16

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Apart from General Colleges, four additional Technical Education Centres have been proposed in Facility Centres No IV, V, VII and IX.

One new University campus, including Technical and Professional Colleges, is proposed to be located in Kharghuli NC in Planning Unit 4 with a total area of 230 ha. A new Medical College is proposed on 15 ha land in the proposed Education and Research Hub in Planning Unit 9.

Refer to Map 7.1 for proposed distribution of education facilities.

7.3 Health

The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social welling. The objective is to attain the same for the total Guwahati city population.

7.3.1 National Health Policy

The objective of the National Health Policy is to achieve an acceptable standard of good health amongst the general population of the country. The approach is to increase access to the decentralized public health system by establishing new infrastructure in deficient areas, and by upgrading the infrastructure in the existing institutions. In principle this policy provides for the participation of the private sector in all areas of health activities. The State Government follows the National Level policy for development of Health Infrastructure, one of the major objectives being attainment of ‘health for all’.

7.3.2 Existing Situation

Presently, there are four Government hospitals with 2427 beds including the one of CRPF. There are 23 hospitals with 1724 beds and 24 nursing homes with 696 beds run by non-governmental and private organizations.

Table 7.6: Hospital beds in GMA Sl. No. Hospitals/ Nursing Homes Number Number of

beds 1 Government Hospital 4 2427 2 Non-government/ Private Hospitals 23 1724 3 Non-government/ Private Nursing homes 24 696 Total 51 4847

The present availability of hospital beds is 4.9 beds per 1,000 population, which is reasonably good but for its geographical disparity. Refer to Table 7.7.

Table 7.7 : Existing Number of Hospital Beds in GMA District-wise

Planning District

Estimated Population (2004)

Existing Number of Beds

(A)

Beds per 1000 population

A 459,687 3,661 8.0 B 264,631 614 2.3 C 222,364 572 2.6 D 34,079 0 0.0

Total 980,761 4847 4.9

7.3.3 Norms for Health facilities

The Norms and Standards for provision of Health Infrastructure in urban areas adopted for CMP-2025 are given in Table 7.8. This is worked out to

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provide for 5 beds per 1,000 populations as against the existing 4.9 beds per 1,000 populations and also to result in a balanced distribution of health facilities throughout the city. On this basis, in the year 2025, Guwahati city would have 12,231 beds against 4,847 beds at present by addition of 7,384 beds.

Table 7.8: Planning Norms and Standards for future provision of Health Infrastructure Sl. No.

Category Population Served

Hierarchy Planning Norms and Standards

Population /Unit

Plot Area

1 General Referral Hospital (500 beds)

5 Lakh District 1 for 2.5 lakh 6.0 ha

2 Intermediate Hospital A (200 beds) 1.0 lakh Community 1.0 lakh 3.7 ha

3 Intermediate Hospital B (80 beds) 1.0 lakh Community 1.0 lakh 1.0 ha

4 Nursing Homes, Child Welfare, Maternity Centre, Polyclinics

1.0 lakh Community 0.45 lakh to 1 lakh

0.2 to 0.3 ha

5 Dispensary 0.15 lakh Neighbourhood 0.15 lakh 0.08 to 0.12 ha

6 Medical College City Level Total City 15.0 ha

7 Speciality Hospital – City Level City Level Total City 8.0 ha

7.3.4 Proposed Distribution of Health Facilities – CMP 2025

On the basis of the norm of 5 beds per 1000 population, the additional bed requirement for GMA works out as 7,384 beds including the present deficiencies. The planning-district-wise distribution of proposed health facilities for 2025 shall be as under:

Table 7.9: Proposed Distribution of Additional Health Facilities in GMA for 2025

Dis

tric

t

Plan

ning

U

nit

Popu

latio

n (2

025)

Add

ition

al

Popu

latio

n

Add

ition

al

Req

uire

men

t of

beds

- C

MP

2025

Distribution of additional health facilities by number

Gen

eral

H

ospi

tal

Inte

rmed

iat

e H

ospi

tal A

Inte

rmed

iat

e H

ospi

tal B

Nur

sing

H

omes

A 1,4,10 519,278 59,591 257 - 1 0 2 B 2,3 575,783 311,152 2156 2* 2 4 2 C 5,6,7,8,13 682,717 460,353 2926 2 6 7 8 D 9, 11, 12 396,124 362,045 2045 2 3 4 8

Total 2,173,902 1,193,143 7384 6 12 15 20 * 1 Speciality Hospital with 500 beds provided in the City Facility Centre

One Speciality Hospital with 500 beds shall be provided in City Facility Centre and a Special Hospital of 500 beds will be provided with Medical College separately in Planning Unit No 9 at Rudreswar village. The other required number of general and intermediate hospitals and nursing homes shall be distributed in various Facility Centres throughout the city as in Table 7.10.

Table 7.10: Distribution of Health Facilities in Facility Centres Sl No

Location Number of Different Health Facilities Planning District

Planning Unit

Facility Centre

General Hospital

Intermediate Hospital A

IntermediateHospital B

Nursing Homes

1 A 4 FC I - 1 2 2 B 2 FC II - 1 1 1 3 2 FC III - 1 1 - 4 3 FC IV 1 - 2 1 5 C 6 FC V 1 1 1 26 8 FC VI - 2 2 27 8 FC VII - 2 2 28 13 FC XII 1 1 2 2

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Sl No

Location Number of Different Health Facilities Planning District

Planning Unit

Facility Centre

General Hospital

Intermediate Hospital A

IntermediateHospital B

Nursing Homes

9 D 9 FC VIII

- 1 1 2

10 9 FC IX 1 0 1 2 11 11 FC X - 1 0 2 12 12 FC XI 1 1 2 2 Total 5 13 15 20

Also refer to Section 7.12. Refer to Map 7.2 for proposed distribution of Health Facilities in GMA-2025.

7.3.5 Social Well-being

The Comprehensive Master Plan-2025 is a plan with integral facilities for social well-being such as parks, areas for sports and cultural activities distributed throughout the city to be accessible to all.

7.4 Recreation

Although Guwahati city has large eco-sensitive areas like hills and water bodies, but very few developed parks and playgrounds are available. Based on existing land use survey, presently only 114 ha area is under developed parks and playgrounds.

In the CMP-2025, 5,299 ha area is earmarked for recreational activity at city level. Out of this 5,299 ha area is indicated as recreational use and is part of Composite land use in District Facility Centres and Community Facility Centres.

Major part of 5,299 ha area is around eco-sensitive zone and similar areas. These are Regional/City recreational areas. Two picnic areas are proposed to be located in this. It also includes City level park (60 ha) and City level sports centre (97 ha). A Special Children’s Park at City level is proposed to be developed in the City-level Park.

The river Brahmaputra has a vast and beautiful expanse all along it which makes it ideal for river front development. The River Development Zone has been marked in the existing area along the river. In the areas for new developments, As per CRZ III, a 200 m wide green belt has been marked as recreational green. Area for the same is indicated in the land use plan. The river-front area may be developed based on a landscape plan with seating in part of the area and on the water expanse attractive laser shows could be organised for tourists and for the local population.

Planning Unit wise distribution of the 5,299 ha hectare area is given in Table 7.11. Table 7.11: Planning Unit wise distribution of Recreational Areas in CMP 2025

Planning Unit Recreational Area (Hectare) 1 109 2 801 3 133 4 106 5 1487 6 43 7 360 8 515 9 645 10 23

New Town I 270New Town II 475 New Town III 332

Total 5299

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7.4.1 District level Parks

Norms for district level, community level, neighbourhood and housing area level parks, is given in Table 7.12 and provision for the same in Table 7.13:

Table 7.12: Norms and Standards for provision Parks Sl. No. Facility Population Area Location

1 District Park 5 lakh (average)

6.0 ha To be provided in District Facility Centres

2 Community Park 1 lakh 3.0 ha To be provided in Community Facility Centres

3 Neighborhood Park (to be provided in Neighborhood centers)

15,000 1.0 ha In Neighbourhood Centres

4 Housing area Park 5,000 0.5 ha In the layout plan Table 7.13: Distribution of Recreational areas within District, Community and Neighbourhood Centres Sl. No

Type Area/ Unit (ha)

Total No Total Area (ha)

Provision

1 District Park 6 4 24 Within Integrated District Centres

2 Community Park 3 8 24 Within Integrated Community Centres

3 Neighbourhood Park

1 70 70 Within Neighbourhood Centres

7.4.2 Sports

Sports activities are an important part in the physical and social development of an individual and its importance in community life cannot

be overstated. The CMP-2025 emphasises the provision of space for sports activities at all levels of the hierarchy. The norms for the provision of Sports areas are as under:

Table 7.14: Sports Facilities in GMA-2025 S. No

Category Population per Unit

Area (Ha)

Number Provision

1 City Sports Centre

22 lakh 97 1 Provided within City Centre

2 District Sports Centre

5 Lakh 4 4 Provided with in District Facility Centres

3 Community Sports Centre

1 – 1.5 lakh 1 8 Provided within Community Facility Centres

4 Neighborhood Play Area

15,000 1 80 Provided within Neighbourhood Centres

For locational distribution of recreational areas in GMA-2025, refer to Map 7.3.

7.5 Socio-Cultural Facilities

Socio-cultural facilities are an important component. At present there are 5 City Clubs, 2 Marriage Halls and 9 Public Function Halls within GMCA.

For the new areas, socio-cultural facilities shall be provided based on the norms given in Table 7.15.

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Table 7.15: Proposed Norms for provision of additional Socio-cultural facilities No Socio-cultural

facilities Hierarchy Pop./Unit

(approx.) Area

(sq.m.) Remarks

1 Community hall including provision for marriages, small public gathering, function, eating joint, and library etc.

Neighbour- hood

15,000 2,000 To be accommodated in Neighbourhood centres (70 nos.)

2 Recreational Club including Music, dance and drama centre

Community 100,000 10,000 To be provided in Community Facility Centres (7 nos)

3 District Socio-cultural Club

District 500,000 15,000 To be provided in District Facility Centres (4 nos)

3 City level Socio-cultural centre

City City Level 40,000 To be provided in the City Facility Centre (1 no.)

Marriage and banquet halls each of 0.1 ha, shall be provided one each in the proposed 12 facility centres.

7.6 Police

Presently, there are 16 Police Stations and 11 Police Outposts in Guwahati. There is one existing jail, on around 8 hectares of land, which lies in the central area of the Guwahati.

7.6.1 Norms and Standards

The following planning norms are adopted for security facilities for CMP 2025:

Table 7.16: Proposed Norms for provision of Security facilities No Security

Facilities Hierarchy Pop./Unit

(approx.) Area

1 Police Station Community level 0.75 lakh 1.0 ha

2 Police Post Community level For every Police Station 0.16 ha

3. Jail City level City Level

7.6.2 Provision - 2025

Thirteen additional police stations and the same number of outposts are required, which shall be distributed as in Table 7.17.

Table 7.17: Existing and Proposed Distribution of Police Stations

Plan

ning

D

istr

ict

Plan

ning

U

nits

Popu

latio

n 20

25

sg

No.

of

Polic

e St

atio

ns

Tot

al N

o.

of

Polic

e St

atio

ns

2025

A

ddl.

Polic

e St

atio

ns

Add

l. Po

lice

Post

s

A 1,4,10 519,278 8 8 0 0 B 2,3 575,783 3 6 3 3 C 5,6,7,8, 13 682,717 4 9 5 5D 9, 11, 12 396,124 1 6 5 5

Total 2,173,902 16 29 13 13

The Police Stations are provided as part of the Facility Centres. One Police Station shall be provided in the proposed University Area in District B. The city jail is proposed to be relocated in PU 9 in North Guwahati.

The existing Jail area is proposed to be developed as a multi-use complex with details as given under:

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• Cultural and Institutional 30% 2.4 ha • Commercial 30% 2.4 ha • Parks 20% 1.2 ha • Parking 20% 1.2 ha

Refer to Map 7.4.

7.7 Fire

7.7.1 Existing Situation

Fire Services are needed for protecting people from fire hazards, building collapses, and other unforeseen emergencies. At present, there are 6 nos. of Fire Stations in GMA including North Guwahati fire Station out of which, four are regular Fire Stations i.e. Guwahati Fire Station (in between Panbazar and Paltanbazar), Dispur, Chandmari and Pandu, and two are Adhoc Fire Stations at Santipur and North Guwahati. Out of the six Fire Stations, only 2 (two) Fire Stations like Guwahati Fire Station and Dispur Fire Station have been accommodated in their own premises and the Pandu Fire Station is being constructed at its location. The other Fire Stations are accommodated in rented premises.

7.7.2 Norms and Standards

The following norms are prescribed for the provision of fire stations:

• 1 fire station or sub-fire station to be provided for 1.5 lakh population within 3 Km radius.

• Area for fire station with essential residential accommodation

1.00 ha

• Area for sub-fire-station with essential residential accommodation

0.6 ha

7.7.3 Fire Services-2025

9 new Fire Stations have been proposed to be developed in GMA by 2025. The total additional land requirement for fire services is 7.0 ha by 2025. The following table shows the number of the existing and the proposed fire stations in GMA.

Table 7.18: Existing and Proposed Fire Stations in GMA

PlanningDistrict

Planning Unit

Population 2025

No. of Fire

Stations 2004

Additional No. of

Fire Stations

Additional Land

Requirement (Ha)

Total No. of

Fire Stations

2025 A 1,4,10 519,278 4 - - 4 B 2,3 575,783 0 4 4 4 C 5,6,7,8,13 682,717 1 3 3 4 D 9, 11, 12 396,124 1 2 2 3

Total 2,173,902 6 9 9 15

The following Guidelines are to be followed for locating the Fire Stations and other Fire Fighting Facilities.

• Fire Stations to be located on corner plots as far as possible and on main roads with minimum two entries.

• In new layouts for residential, commercial and other developments, concept of under ground pipe lines on the periphery, exclusively for fire fighting services should be considered.

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• Fire Stations shall be permitted in all land use zones except recreational and eco-sensitive zones.

7.7.4 Disaster Management Centre

Guwahati is prone to natural hazards including floods and earthquakes. According to the Indian Seismic Zone Map, Guwahati is placed in the Seismic Zone V. A Disaster Management Centre has been proposed in GMA on 4 ha of land in Pub Boragaon area in Planning Unit 5 with suitable open area (2 ha) for soft parking, temporary shelter etc. This centre would accommodate a Fire Station and Trauma Centre for coordination at the time of emergencies. The Trauma Centre should be on 1 hectare of land and have a minimum of 100 beds. This would be linked with lower order Trauma Centres to be provided in selected hospitals. Refer to Map 7.4

The following policies and strategies for Disaster Management are proposed:

1. Pre-Disaster Preparedness

• The Fire Services department being the nodal agency for disaster management, should identify vulnerable areas e.g. areas with high density and poor accessibility in the city and propose suitable measures.

• Sensitize people about after effects of disaster particularly school children.

• Make people aware through media campaigns and advertisements about emergency procedures and location of emergency shelters etc.

2. Post Disaster Management

• It has been observed that any disaster is generally followed by break down of communication lines and disruption of essential services. Therefore, the key communication centres should be safely located to be free from natural disasters e.g. flood, fire and earthquake.

7.8 Postal Services

7.8.1 Existing Facilities

The Guwahati City has a network of 48 post offices – a post office on average serving 5 sq. Km.

Table 7.19: Post Offices in Guwahati

Post Office Number

Delivery Post Offices 2 Delivery Sub Post Offices 36 Non Delivery Post Offices 10 Branch Post Offices 4 Source: Guwahati City Postal Directory, Chief Postmaster General, Assam Circle

7.8.2 Norms and Standards

Planning norms for provision of postal facilities in the GMA are given in Table 7.20.

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Table 7.20: Planning Norms for provision of Postal Facilities in GMA No Postal Facility Pop./Unit

(approx.) Area

1 Post Office Counter without delivery (At Local Shopping Centre)

10,000 to 15,000

60 sq.m~ 85 sq.m.

2 Head Post Office with Delivery Office (At Community Centre)

2 lakh ~ 2.5 lakh

480 sq.m~600 sq.m.

3 Head Post Office with Administrative Office (At District Centre)

4 lakh ~ 5 lakh

2,000 sq.m.~2,500 sq.m.

7.8.3 Proposed Additional Postal Facilities

Proposal for postal facilities for GMA-2025 is given in Table 7.21.

Table 7.21: Proposed number of postal facilities and the area required

No Postal Facility Provision Additional

Requirement(Number)

Additional Area

Required ( in Ha)

1 Head Post Office with Delivery Office

Community Commercial Centre

5 0.3

2 Head Post Office with Administrative Office

District Commercial Centres I, III and IV

3 0.75

Total Area 1.75

The Post Office Counters without delivery shall be provided in the Neighbourhood Centres.

7.9 Telecommunication

7.9.1 Existing Situation

There are 20 Telephone exchanges in Guwahati as Short Distance Charging Area (SDCA) and 6 exchanges in Digital Line Connectors (DLC).

7.9.2 Additional Provision

With privatization, most of the space requirement is expected to be satisfied in the private sector. Norms for provision of Telephone Exchanges is given in Table 7.22.

Table 7.22: Norms for provision of Telephone Exchanges No Postal Facility Pop./Unit

(approx.) Area Location

1 Telephone Exchange (With 40,000 lines)

4.0 – 5.0 lakh 2500 sq.m. District Commercial Centre

2 RSU (Remote Subscriber Unit)

1 No. within a radius of 3 Km

300 sq.m. Community Commercial Centre

Each of the District Commercial Centres is provided with 1 Telephone Exchange (area 2500 sq.m.) and on similar lines each of the Facility Centres within Community Centres is provided with an RSU (300 sq.m.). In the new Towns, these facilities will be provided in their Facility Centres.

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7.10 Distributive facilities

7.10.1 Existing Facilities

Distributive Facilities include Milk Distribution, LPG Storage and Distribution and Petrol Pumps.

7.10.2 Norms and Standards and Provision

Planning Norms for Milk distribution and LPG storage are given in Table 7.23.

Table 7.23: Planning Norms and Standards for Distributive Facilities S.No. Category Planning Norms and Standards

1. Milk Booth/Milk and Fruit and Vegetable Booth

One per 5,000 population ( in residential developments)

2. LPG Godown including Booking Office.

3 LPG Godowns per 1 lakh population in facility centres.

Petrol Pumps

It is estimated that 57 additional petrol pumps shall be required in GMA by 2025. These are distributed as under:

Table 7.24: Proposed Locations of Petrol Pumps Area Number of Petrol Pumps Unit 11 (New Town I) 3 Unit 12 (New Town II) 6 Unit 13 (New Town III) 6 Unit 2 11 Unit 3 6 Unit 5 4

Area Number of Petrol Pumps Unit 7 4 Unit 8 11 Unit 9 7

The petrol pumps shall adhere to the following conditions:

a) Minimum frontage i. Only filling station 30 M x 17 M ii. Filling cum service station Min. Size: 36 M x 32

M Max. Size: 45 m x 33

M iii. Frontage of the plot should not

be less than 30 m

iv. Longer side of the plot should be the frontage

b) Road R/W distance from the road intersection: i. New Petrol pumps shall not be located on the road R/W

less than 30 M ii. Minimum distance from road intersections 100 metres

7.11 Cremation and Burial Grounds

At present there are 6 cremation grounds in Planning Units 1 (2 nos), 5, 6, 7 and 10 (2 nos.). There are 6 Burial grounds at Planning units 1, 2 (2 nos.), 7, 10 (2 nos.).

In CMP-2025 three additional sites have been proposed for Cremation and Burial grounds in Units 11, 12 and 13 each of 2 ha.

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7.12 Hierarchy in Social Infrastructure

A planned city for an environment of convenience should have a hierarchical cellular structure; with nuclei to contain essential facilities and services at different levels. Accordingly a five-tier hierarchy is proposed for the provision of social infrastructure as follows:

• Tier I : City level City Population • Tier II : District level 3-5 lakh population • Tier III : Community level 1-1.5 lakh population • Tier IV : Neighbourhood level 15,000 population • Tier V : Housing Cluster level 5,000 population

Hierarchy I- CityPopulation - 21.74 Lakh

Hierarchy II- DistrictPopulation - 3.00 to 5.00 Lakh

Hierarchy III - CommunityPopulation - 1.00 to 1.50 lakh

Hierarchy of Urban Development

The pattern of a community module is conceived as residential area containing a ‘neighborhood’ with senior school and shopping facilities for day-to-day needs. The higher level of additional facilities is to be provided at Community, District and City levels. Such a structure could be maintained during the preparation of plans on the basis of standards set in the foregoing sections.

7.13 Facility Centres

The lower level additional facilities like primary schools, nursery schools, and dispensary are to be provided at the neighbourhood plan level in new development/ redevelopment schemes. The higher order facilities such as general hospital, intermediate hospital, college, integrated schools, school for handicapped, socio-cultural and recreational club, fire and police stations need to be provided at the master plan level. As it would not be desirable to provide individual locations for these facilities, concept of facility centre has been evolved where a group of facilities along with park and play areas shall be provided in areas available for development within GMA. Accordingly 12 such Facility Centres have been identified on the land use plan to provide for the required social infrastructure. The Facility Centres are envisaged at three hierarchical levels viz., City level, District level and Community level. Their locations are shown in Map 7.5.

At the community level, Facility Centres shall contain Community level parks and play areas and shall be clubbed together with Community Commercial Centres. 7 such Facility Centres are as given in Table 7.25.

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Table 7.25: Community level Facility Centres Facility

Centre

District/ Planning

Unit

Area (in Ha) Components

FC-I A/4 18

Intermediate Hospital A, Nursing Home (2) Integrated School with Hostel , School for Handicapped, General College Recreational Club Night Shelter LPG Godown, RSU BusTerminal, Parking Community Park and Play area

FC-III B/2 24

Intermediate Hospital A, Intermediate Hospital B Integrated School with Hostel, Schools for Handicapped (2), General College LPG Godown, RSU Religious Building, Recreational Club, Night ShelterBus Terminal, Petrol Pump Fire Station, Police Station Parking , Community Park and Play area

FC-VI C/8 27

Intermediate Hospital A(2), Intermediate Hospital B(2), Nursing Homes, Clinic for pet animals Integrated School with Hostel, Schools for Handicapped (2),General College Religious Building, Recreational Club, Banquet HallNight Shelter Bus Terminal, Petrol Pump, LPG Godown, RSU Police Station Parking , Community Park and Play area

FC-VIII D/9 21

Intermediate A, Intermediate B, Nursing Home (2), Clinic for pets Integrated School with Hostel, Schools for Handicapped, General College Police Station Petrol Pump, Bus Terminal, LPG Godown, RSU Recreational Club, Religious Building, Night ShelterParking , Community Park and Play area

Facility Centre

District/ Planning

Unit

Area (in Ha) Components

FC-X D/11 19

Intermediate A, Nursing Home (2) Integrated School with Hostel, School for Handicapped (2), General College Petrol Pump, Bus Terminal, LPG Godown, RSU Religious Building, Recreational Club Police Station Parking

FC-XI D/12 38

General Hospital, Intermediate Hospital A, Intermediate Hospital B (2), Nursing Home (2) Integrated School with Hostel (2), School for Handicapped (3), General College (2) Petrol Pump, Bus Terminal, LPG Godown, RSU Religious Building, Recreational Club Fire Station, Police Station Parking

FC XII D/13 38

General Hospital, Intermediate Hospital A, Intermediate Hospital B (2), Nursing Home (2) Integrated School with Hostel (2), Integrated School without Hostel (2), School for Handicapped (3), General College (2) Petrol Pump, Bus Terminal, LPG Godown, RSU Religious Building, Recreational Club Fire Station, Police Station Parking

At District level, Facility Centres shall contain some higher order district level facilities like District-level Socio-cultural Club, General Referral Hospital, Technical Education Centre in addition to general community facilities. These Facility Centres are proposed to be part of Composite Use Integrated District Centres where District Commercial Centres and District level parks and play areas shall also be developed in addition to Facilities. Refer to Table 7.26.

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Table 7.26: District level Facility Centres

Facility Centre

District/ Planning

Unit

Area (Ha) Components

FC-IV B/3 42

District-level facilities District Club General Referral Hospital, Hospital for pets Technical Education Centre Old Age Home, Orphanage, Working Men/Women Hostel, Bus Depot District Park and Play Area Other Community Facilities Intermediate Hospital B (2), Nursing Home Integrated School with Hostel, Schools for Handicapped (2), General College (2) Religious Building Night Shelter LPG Godown Fire Station, Police Station Parking

FC-V C/6 33

District level facilities District Club General Referral Hospital Technical Education Centre District Park and Play area Other Facilities Intermediate Hospital A, Intermediate Hospital B, Nursing Homes (2) Integrated School with Hostel, Schools for Handicapped (2), General College (2) Religious building, Socio-cultural club Night Shelter Fire Station, Police Station LPG Godown Parking

Facility Centre

District/ Planning

Unit

Area (Ha) Components

FC-VII C/8 44

District level facilities Hospital for pets Technical Education Centre Old Age Home, Orphanage District Park and Play area Other Facilities Intermediate Hospital A(2), Intermediate Hospital B(2), Nursing Homes (2) Integrated School with Hostel, Schools for Handicapped (3), General College Night Shelter Religious Building, Banquet Hall LPG Godown Fire Station, Police Station Parking

FC-IX D/9 44

District level facilities District Socio-cultural Club, General Referral Hospital, Veterinary Hospital Technical Education Centre Orphanage, Old Age Home, Working Men/Women Hostel District Park and Play area Other Facilities Intermediate B, Nursing Home (2) Integrated School with Hostel, Schools for Handicapped (2), General College Religious Building LPG Godown, Night Shelter Police Station Parking

The City-level Facility Centre shall contain higher order city-level facilities in addition to general community facilities. The City Facility Centre is envisaged to be developed on 52 ha land at Saukuchi. For the components to be included in the city level facility centre refer to Table 7.27

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Table 7.27: City level Facility Centre: Facility Center

District/ Planning Unit

Area (ha) Facilities

FC-II B/2 52

City level facilities (22 ha) Sports Club (4 ha), Socio-cultural Club (2 ha), Exhibition Gallery-cum-Cultural Centre (4 ha) , Museums (2 ha), Speciality Hospital (6 ha) Multi family housing, hotels and hostels (8 ha) Other Facilities (16 ha) Intermediate Hospital A, Intermediate Hospital B, Nursing Home Integrated School with Hostel, Schools for Handicapped (2), General College Police Station Parking

Public and Semi-public areas of city/ regional significance

In addition to the above, the following public and semi-public facilities of city/regional significance are located in different parts of GMA.

Table 7.28: Major City level facilities Facilities Area (in Hectare) Exhibition-cum-Fair Ground 412 Golf Course 121 City Park 79 Education and Research Hub (including Medical College) 107 University and Professional College 304 Sports Complex 97 Total Area 1120

7.13.1 Neighbourhood Centres

These centres are the nuclei of 15,000 population. Seventy-three such centres are proposed to be distributed throughout the GMA except in the predominantly already developed areas. In case of New Towns, in addition, such centres would be located in each sector.

For the development of such centres, it is proposed that an area of 12 ha is to be acquired out of which about 70% net area I.e., 8.4 ha shall be available after providing for roads and common facilities like common parking, shopping etc. 5.4 ha shall be developed for part provision of social infrastructure for the neighbourhood. The remaining 3 ha shall be developed for housing out of which 10% of the total sector area i.e., 1.2 ha shall be given back to the persons from whom the land has been acquired, proportionate to the area acquired at no-profit-no-loss basis. Remaining residential area shall be used for housing to be disposed of in open auction. This method is developed to make the land acquisition process attractive to the landowners. Once this experiment is successful, the same could be adopted for development of other residential and other areas in Guwahati. For distribution of 12 ha area, refer to table 7.29.

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Table 7.29: Details of Neighbourhood Centres

Sl. No Facilities No. Area Total Area(sq.m.)

Total Area(Ha)

1 Sr. Secondary School 2 10,000 20,000 2.002 Dispensary 2 1,000 2,000 0.203 Community hall and Library 1 2,000 2,000 0.204 Electric Substation 11 KV 2 460 920 0.09

5 Local Shopping incl. Service centre 1 4,600 4,600 0.46

6 Three wheeler and taxi stand 1 500 500 0.057 Neighbourhood Park 1 8,000 8,000 0.808 Neighbourhood Play Area 1 8,000 8,000 0.809 Primary School 2 4,000 8,000 0.80 Sub-Total A 5.40

10 Housing Area 30,000 30000 3.00 Sub-Total B 9.40

11 Roads and Common Facilities 26,000 3.6 Grand Total 12.00

The Neighbourhood Centres in the planning Units provide for facilities for the additional population and considering 30% existing deficiency in social infrastructure. Refer Table 7.30. Refer to Map 7.6.

Table 7.30 : Distribution of Neighbourhood Centres in various Planning Units

Planning Unit

Population 2025

No of Neighbourhood. Centres

Area (in ha)

1 165076 2 24 2 401156 18 216 3 174627 9 108 4 59131 1 12 5 113409 5 60 6 93527 2 24

Planning Unit

Population 2025

No of Neighbourhood. Centres

Area (in ha)

7 85087 5 608 230694 14 168 9 156124 8 96 10 295071 6 72

Total 1,773,902 70 840

8. Housing and Slums 8.1 Present housing situation – Census of India,

2001

In 2001, Guwahati Metropolitan Area contains 183,491 housing units out of which 178,838 units are exclusively residential and 4,753 are put to residence-cum-other uses. Out of the total housing, 48.4% households live in owned residences, 46.4% in rented and 5.2% in other accommodations. Out of the total 178,838 residences in 2001, 98,889 (55.3%) are of good condition; 68,383 (38.3%) of liveable condition and 11,466 (6.4%) in dilapidated condition. 57% of the population lives in one- or two-roomed accommodation; 29.6% in three- or four-roomed accommodation and 12.4% in 5-roomed and above.

8.2 Housing Shortage in 2001 and 2005

Housing shortage in Guwahati Metropolitan Area in 2001 is 12,817. Census data on the number of households, number of residential houses is as follows:

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A. Total no of households 1,84,454 B. Total number of residential houses and houses used for

residence-cum-other purposes 1,83,491

C. Backlog of housing required (A-B) 963 D. Dilapidated houses (Residence and Residence-cum-other

uses) 11,854

E Total Housing Shortage in 2001 (C+D) 12,817(6.95% of the

households)

Based on the above, in 2005 the housing shortage works out to 19,802.

8.3 Housing – CMP 2025

8.3.1 Household Size

As per 2001 Census, the average household size in GMA is 4.45. This has decreased from 4.72 in 1991.

Table 8.1: Growth of Population and households in GMA

Jurisdiction

2001 1991 Population No Of

House- holds

Persons per house- hold

Popu- lation

No. of House- holds

Persons per house- hold

GMC area 8,09,895 184,454 4.39 584,342 125,906 4.64 GMA excluding GMCA

80878 15,804 5.12 64,307 11,553 5.57

Total GMA 890,773 200,258 4.45 648,649 137,459 4.72 Source: Census of India

The main reasons for smaller household size is single person resulting in low sex ratio and smaller family size. For 2025, a household size of 4.4 has been adopted to workout the housing requirement.

8.3.2 Housing Need 2025

The projected housing requirement in GMDA area in 2025 is as under:

• Projected additional population for 2025 1,283,129 • Additional households between 2005 and 2025 @ 4.4

persons per household 259,163

• Housing shortage in 2005 19,802 • Need for additional dwellings between 2006 & 2025 (This is excluding the slum areas.)

278,965

It is seen from section 9.3 that the housing deficiency in the GMC area has significantly increased in the last decade from 0.7% of the total number of households to 3.1% of the total number of households; and considering dilapidated houses it would work out to 6.95%. It may also be seen that GMDA needs to provide for about 2.8 lakh new housing units to be distributed in the existing and new developments in the next 20 years.

The additional housing units shall be provided in the following manner:

• New Towns : 90,909 dwelling Units • New Residential Developments : 131,721 dwelling units • Infill in existing residential areas: 56,335 dwelling units

Refer to Map 8.1.

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8.3.3 Housing requirement at 5 year intervals

The housing requirement phase-wise is calculated for the periods 2006-10, 2011-15, 2016-20, 2021-25.

Table 8.2 : Housing Requirement at 5-year interval period (2006-2025)

Year Additional Population

Additional Houses

Total Requirement of Houses

2006-2010 211,129 47984 *578852011-2015 254,257 57786 *676872016-2020 306,193 69589 695892021-2025 368,739 83804 83804 1,140,318 259163 278965* Including existing deficit

8.3.4 Private sector participation

Privatisation in the form of individuals and builders/developers should be encouraged to participate in the house building activity. The Development Authority could provide land with offsite physical and social infrastructure for the private entrepreneurs to invest in house building and onsite infrastructure development. Also developed individual residential plots could be provided to families where more than one dwelling unit could be constructed.

Housing has four distinct components for its development i.e., Land Assembly, infrastructure provision, building construction and post occupancy management. The following diagram gives an idea how these activities should be distributed amongst the Government, private and cooperatives making the Government a facilitator for housing development.

8.3.5 Houses in Different Categories

58% of the households in GMC area live in one and two room houses (32% in one room and 26% in two room). 41% of the households live in three room houses and above (18% in three room, 11% in four rooms & 6% each in five and six room houses).

On the basis of the emerging trend in the proportion of population occupying 1-2 rooms, 3-4 rooms and 5-plus rooms by comparing the 1991 and 2001 Census data, a distribution in the above categories for 2025 have been projected as under:

Fig 8.1: Distribution of Dwelling Units by number of rooms in GMCA

One Room32%

Three Room18%

Four Room11%

Six Room & above6%

Two Room26%

No exclusive room1%

Five Room6%

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Table 8.3: Distribution of population by no. of rooms

Category No of rooms Proportion of total population 1991 2001 2025

I 1-2 61% 58% 51%II 3-4 28% 30% 36%III 5+ 12% 13% 15% 100% 100% 100%

8.3.6 Housing provision by different agencies

On the basis of the above studies, a possible indicative scenario in terms of housing supply by different agencies emerges as under:

Table 8.4: Housing by different agencies in plan period (2001-2025) Sl No Agency Housing Categories

I II III 1 ASHB 80% 20% - 2 Cooperatives 12% 50% 30% 3 Private 8% 30% 70%

Total 100% 100% 100%

8.3.7 Community Module

Housing should be related to affordability and be integrated. The community (about 1 lakh population) may contain a complete cross-section of the income groups, also including hostel accommodation for single. This would have about 50% housing up to 2-rooms dwellings to provide shelter for low-income families in the community. With changing socio-economic conditions, requirement of different types and sizes of housing may considerably vary in time and should be reviewed regularly at a maximum of 5-years interval.

8.4 Slums

8.4.1 Existing slum areas

The Census of India 2001 has proposed to treat the following as ‘Slum’ areas: -

• All areas notified as ‘Slum’ by State/Local Government and UT Administration under any Act;

• All areas recognized as ‘Slum’ by State/Local Government ad UT Administration which have not been formally notified as slum under any Act;

• A compact area of at least 300 population or about 60-70 households of poorly built congested tenements, in unhygienic environment usually with inadequate infrastructure and lacking in proper sanitary and drinking water facilities.

According to the information provided by the Town and Country Planning Department, Assam, there are 26 slum pockets in the GMC area housing around 0.16 million persons (about 20% of the total population). Refer to Map 8.2 for location of slums in GMA.

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8.4.2 National Slum Development Programme

The components of this program include:

• Provision of physical amenities like water supply, storm water drains, community bath, widening and paving of existing lanes, sewers, community latrines, street lights, etc.

• Community Infrastructure: - Provision of Community centres to be used for pre-school education, non-formal education, adult education, recreational activities etc.

• Community Primary Health Care Centre Buildings to be provided • Social Amenities like pre-school education, non-formal education,

adult education, maternity, child health and Primary health care including immunization etc.

• Provision of Shelter: The Scheme to have a component of shelter up-gradation or construction of new houses as may be required.

8.4.3 Concept of City Without Slums

The Asian Development Bank through a study have worked out comprehensive guidelines for the program – ‘City Without Slums’. One of the major objectives of such a program is eradication or significant reduction of poverty of urban areas. Besides this, the other objectives are to ensure the following:

• Security of tenure; • Minimum acceptable standards of municipal infrastructure and

social services; • Improved employment and income earning opportunities;

• Improved education, skills, training and health care; • Better access to credit and other financial services for house/plot

purchase, home improvement, enterprise development and livelihood activities, and

• Improved level of community organization capacity and empowerment.

The above objectives are inter-sectoral and inter-departmental. To facilitate the above, the following is envisaged in the CMP-2025:

• In case of existing slums, which are on Government lands that are not needed for development of any infrastructure or other urban activities, plans for upgrading of slums may be prepared and implemented.

• Other slum pockets may be resettled at appropriate areas with due consideration of their distance from work places.

• In all new housing schemes, at least 30% of total housing shall be one-roomed houses, part of which will go to the urban poor generally living in slums. These may be provided with cross-subsidy.

In any new land development scheme, 1% of the total land shall be reserved/developed for informal sector/vendor markets, which should be available to the urban poor families to conduct their livelihood earning activities. Such a land can be for informal sector units in food/vegetable/eating stalls and any other activities. Part of the land shall be developed for night shelter where fresh migrants to the city, having no shelter, could be provided with facility to sleep and have sanitation and bathing facilities.

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8.5 Urban Renewal

8.5.1 Central City Areas

The Central City i.e., Unit 1, has congested residential and commercial areas, which have high building density on land and high occupancy within buildings. These areas need immediate urban renewal. Refer to Map 8.3.

8.5.2 Guidelines for urban renewal

The basic objective of the urban renewal plans are to upgrade the living and working environment by implementing schemes considering the existing physical and socio-economic conditions of the area. The schemes for the urban renewal are to be prepared after a comprehensive study, which should be in the form of a project report and a number of maps and plans. The following sets of plans are considered to be essential to project the existing conditions -

i. Land Use ii. Physical condition of structures

iii. Facilities and services iv. Circulation pattern v. Open spaces, park and playgrounds

vi. Special feature (if any)

The plan proposals for the urban renewal should indicate:

i. clearance areas and areas to be acquired (This would include subsequent plans for redevelopment of these pockets),

ii. population distribution (in relation to holding capacity), iii. proposed land use, iv. proposed circulation system (indicating widening of streets, pedestrian

streets, parking areas, access of emergency vehicles), v. upgradation of facilities and services,

vi. the existing Public and Semi-public uses and services like hospitals, dispensaries, colleges, schools, police stations, fire stations, post offices, local government offices, parking etc. to be retained in their present locations and also additional sites required to be indicated in the Urban Renewal Scheme; and

vii. recreational areas (indicating totlots, parks, play grounds and other recreational facilities).

Note: Reduced space norms may be adopted for community facilities/ social infrastructure. The concept of Accommodation Reservation i.e. allowing construction of community facilities without counting in FAR may also be applied

The Urban Renewal Plans would be prepared within the framework of the land use of the area as indicated the land use plan. In case of residential areas, the possibilities of mixed use (on ground floor) and street commercial may be explored. Special characteristics and features of the area would be kept in view. As far as possible, the urban renewal project should be self-financing.

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9 Environment and Natural Hazards

9.1 Environment-Sensitive Areas

9.1.1 Hills and Forests

Guwahati City has large areas under hills and water bodies. Because of high intensity of urbanization, these areas are under tremendous pressure.

The hills and large water bodies are categorised as Eco-sensitive zone in the CMP-2025.These areas are to be conserved with no urban developments.

9.1.1.1 Hill Cutting and Soil Erosion

The construction on the hills in Guwahati has resulted in the removal of vegetation cover in the forest area and exposed surface. The soil loss is 60 times more on the exposed slopes than on the vegetable covered slopes. The problem of soil erosion is significant not only from the view point of loss of soil fertility, but also from the many environmental issues like water logging, flash flood, decrease in ground water table and dusty environment on sunny days. To deal with the given situation, forest areas need to be sanctified and conserved with no further development whatsoever, any cutting of trees and encroachments to be stopped. Similarly massive afforestation programmes are to be undertaken.

9.1.2 Rivers

9.1.2.1 Brahmaputra River

Brahmaputra river with Assam is almost 700 k.m. long with more than 100 tributaries. Brahmaputra, the major natural feature in Guwahati, has total length of 28.67 km in Guwahati and total area 49 sq.km.

This vast and beautiful river needs all along river front development. The River Development Zone has been marked in the existing area along the river. In the areas for new developments, As per CRZ III, a 200 m wide green belt has been marked as recreational green. Area for the same is indicated in the land use plan. The river-front area may be developed based on a landscape plan with seating in part of the area and on the water expanse attractive laser shows could be organised for tourists and for the local population.

9.1.2.2 River Bharalu

The Bharalu River rises as a small stream from the southern range of Khasi Hills and flows through the city gaining momentum in width and depth and ultimately joining river Brahmaputra. The natural topography of the city guides flow of the rainwater towards rivers Bharalu and Basishtha. Due to siltation, the bed level of river Bharalu has considerably risen. The shores often create temporary wetlands in winter. Most of the drains, directly or indirectly fall into river Bharalu. This is an important channel for the drainage of the city.

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9.1.3 The Bils – Natural Water Bodies

9.1.3.1 Dipar Bil

Dipar bil is an important water body in Guwahati. It is fresh water lake in a former channel of the Brahmaputra River. It has been declared as one of the Ramsar Site and is recognized as wetland of national importance and has been proposed as a Bird Sanctuary in the Master Plan for Guwahati – 2001. The bil is the natural habitat of many species of birds, various aquatic life and vegetation.

It is proposed to develop the adjoining area connecting the National Highway as Capital Complex and the Bil area to form a nature reserve as extension of the Capital Complex.

9.1.3.2 Other Bils

Borsola and Sarusola Bils

Borsola and Sarusola Bils are two linear wetlands, which are located in the heart of the city. As there is a close link, they can be treated as a one

system. Both the wetlands separately connect to Bharalu River in Sabipool area. The total area of the bils is approximately 12 hectares.

Narengi and Silsako bils

The Narengi and the Silsako bils are situated in the Bondajan Basin. The Silsako bil is connected with two small rivulets. The Narengi bil is connected with Bondajan.

9.1.3.3 Wetland Degeneration

Wetland degeneration is a problem in Guwahati, there is shrinking of wetlands by encroachment, natural siltation, earth filing and garbage dumping. This affects decreases in the water retention capacity. Ultimately, the degeneration of wetlands is leading to siltation in wetlands and drains; flash floods; water logging and depletion of the flora and fauna.

9.1.3.4 Actions envisaged

• To check depletion of wetlands, earth filling in the wet and low-lying areas should be stopped.

• The water quality of Sola Bil is highly polluted mainly because of the dumping of rice bran and other wastes from the wholesale fish market. This dumping of waste in Sola Bil should be stopped. The area could be used as tourist attraction

• As in the previous Master Plan – 2001 Botanical Garden cum City Forest is suggested in the areas along Dipar Bil Basistha and Silsakoo Bil to have picnic spots.

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• The Dipar Bil could be a major possible recreational area for the city.

• To overcome sewage entering into the bils, the complete solution would be to provide sewage treatment and solid waste management for all residential and other urban areas.

Refer to Map 9.1 for the proposed Eco-sensitive areas in GMA-2025.

9.2 Water and Air Pollution

River Brahmaputra has excessive bacterial pollution due to discharge of raw sewage directly into the river without treatment. In Bharalu river, the dissolved oxygen (DO) is depleted due to the presence of various oxygen demanding matter inflowing into the river.

The ground water pollution generally shows a moderate mineral content with slightly higher concentration of iron and the toxic elements. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) Value and concentration of Chloride shows a trend indicating seepage of polluted surface water to shallow level.

Air Pollution in Guwahati has increased in recent years due to growth of traffic and other urban activities. Moreover, due to uneven topography, the geographical conditions and the climatic factors and elements like circulation of air, temperature, radiation level and alternate change of local low and high pressure gradient have a role in the growing concentration and unequal dispersion of the air pollutants within the city. The concentration of pollutants is also affected by the micro-level changes in the atmosphere. As the city is blocked on three sides by the hills and the

hillocks, free movement of air is hampered for which the pollution level is comparatively higher in few pockets

Vehicular emission is also increasing in the city. The numbers of vehicles in Guwahati have doubled in the last five years which has lead to more fuel consumption and more emission in the city. The vehicles during traffic congestion throw high collective air pollutants into the environment.

9.2.1 Actions Envisaged

• Scientific and systematic management of the liquid wastes. • The mass rapid transport system to reduce the vehicle on the road

to reduce the air pollution. • Industries in the region and within Guwahati to follow the PCB

norms. • Preparation of landscape plans, and large scale plantation. • Refer to Section 5.5.13 also.

9.3 Natural Hazards

9.3.1 Floods

Refer to section on ‘Drainage’.

9.3.2 Earthquake

The Brahmaputra valley and its adjoining highlands constitute a highly active seismic zone. Guwahati falls in the Seismic Zone V, where

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Vasistha Ashram

earthquakes of magnitude 8 or more can occur i.e. the zone with highest intensity along with the entire north-eastern region. Guwahati and its surrounding area are situated on the fringe of hard rock formation.

Since, earthquakes are among the most dangerous and destructive natural hazards, a comprehensive earthquake hazard reduction programme should be prepared, which should include earthquake prediction, control measure, and post earthquake rehabilitation measures.

Disaster Management Centre

Refer to section 7.7 (Fire).

10. Heritage Conservation and Tourism

10.1 Heritage Conservation

10.1.1 Conservation Zones

Guwahati city and its surrounding area are rich in cultural and historical heritage. There are a number of important archaeological and architectural sites of historical importance. The creation of conservation zones is important to integrate the overall conservation of the area. Following conservation zones have been identified.

• Kamakhya Temple Zone • Brahmaputra River Temple Zone: The Umananda Temple, the

Janardhanan Temple, Sikh Temple (Fancy Bazaar).

• Vasistha Ashram Complex

10.1.2 Strategy for Conservation

Built heritage of Guwahati needs to be protected, and nurtured and passed on to the coming generations. For this purpose, a heritage conservation committee (HCC) may be established by the State Government. The HCC shall prepare a list of Heritage Buildings based on the following criteria:

i) The age of the building; ii) Its special value for architectural or cultural reasons or historical

periods iii) Its relevance to history iv) Its association with a well-known character or event v) Its value as part of a group of buildings vi) The uniqueness of the building or any object or structures fixed to

the building or forming part of the land and comprised within the cartilage of the building. Also refer Section 13.5.

10.2 Tourism

Major Tourist Attractions in and around Guwahati

The Guwahati Metropolitan Area contains various sites for tourist attractions, which include historical and religious sites, nature related sites and others like museums and science centres. Some of the important religious/historic sites in

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Guwahati are Kamakhya Temple, Vasistha Ashram, Dol Gobinda Temple and Umananda Temple. The religious tourist attractions around Guwahati include Sibasagar, Sualkuchi, Madan Kamdev, Barpeta, Tezpur, Hajo, Majuli. Amongst these, Hajo and Sibsagar are important religious centres.

Guwahati is rich in scenic landscapes, hills and flora and fauna including bils. Around Guwahati there are Bhairabkunda, Bhalukpung, Haflong, Kaziranga and Manas National Park, Orang and Nameri National Park, as the major sites for nature related and adventure tourism.

10.2.2 Tourism Vision – 2025

Assam Tourism should aim to position tourism as an engine of economic growth and to harness its multiplier effects for employment generation and economic development.

10.2.2.1 Tourist Projections

It is proposed to develop integrated inter and intra district tourist circuits based on the unique cultural and natural heritage of the area. These circuits shall cover the entire Guwahati area along with nearby tourist attractions (Refer Map). In accordance with the growth of tourist attractions and opportunities, the estimated number of tourist expected to arrive by 2025 in Guwahati is around 46 lakh, including domestic and foreign. An annual growth rate of 9% has been taken to project the tourist population in Guwahati.

Table 10.1: Tourist Projections for Guwahati Year Domestic Foreign Total 2000 5,11,459 2,738 5,14,197 2001 2,71,231 3,586 2,74,817 2002 6,37,909 3,804 6,41,713 2003 7,01,459 3,311 7,04,770

2025 (estimate) 4,670,735 22,047 46,92,782 Source: Calculations by Consultants

10.2.2.2 Tourists Accommodation

Presently there are 5151 beds at the rate of 7 beds per 1000 tourists. Considering the same, the number of tourist beds required in 2025 is 32849 beds; thus 27,698 additional hotel beds are to be developed during the Master Plan period. These would be provided in Community, District and other commercial centres.

10.2.2.3 Tourism Strategies

The city and its surroundings can offer a wide variety of tourism experiences to its visitors and high quality amenities.

• Tourism Options

Assam has immense potential in its diverse landscape and culture. Hence Cultural Tourism, Religious Tourism, Wildlife Tourism, Eco-tourism Water Tourism and Adventure Tourism hold options. The hills and the Brahmaputra River provide scope for development of adventure tourism. Sports like rock climbing, trekking, para-sailing, water sports, hang gliding and angling could be promoted through competitions and special excursions to

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these sites. Some potential sites for such activities are the Nilachal Hills, Brahmaputra river etc.

• Tourist Circuits

Development of the tourist circuits is another important component of tourism linking the major tourist attractions in the city and its surroundings. The tourism department in coordination with the private sector could develop these circuits towards making tourism an important economic sector.

• Intra State Circuits

City Tour River Cruise on Brahmaputra (extension of Jolporee River

Cruise)

• Inter-city Tours

– Guwahati – Manas – Dubri – Guwahati – Kaziranga – Majuli – Sibsagar – Guwahati – Guwahati – Tezpur – Bhalukpung - Nameri Wildlife

Sanctuary - Pobitra Wildlife Sanctuary – Guwahati – Guwahati – Pobitra Wildlife Sanctuary – Haflong –

Jatinga – Maibong – Guwahati

• Inter State Circuits

• Guwahati-Kaziranga-Tezpur-Bhalukpung-Bomdila-Tawang

• Guwahati-Jorhat-Majauli-Tinsukia-Tezu-Parsuramkund • Guwahati-Jorhat – Itanagar – Machuka

• Infrastructure

All infrastructure connected with tourism such as good roads, hotels and safari resorts, and information support services needs to be developed.

• Basic amenities like clean public toilets, easily accessible telecommunication services, tourist information centres, banks and currency exchange centres, food courts and restraints, hotels and lodges etc. among other services to be provided.

• Quality Hotels, recreation and shopping centres, local transportation, taxi services etc.

• Development and maintenance of the tourist destinations. • Developing the handicraft and handloom haats.

• Tourism Package for North-east

Assam and in particular Guwahati, as stated before, is the gateway to North-East with splendid reservoir of natural beauty. There are many tourist attractions in the neighbouring states like Shillong, Cherapunji in Meghalaya and Tawang, Tezu, Bomdilla etc in Arunachal Pradesh. Hence an integrated approach could be followed as is reflected in the proposed Inter-state circuits.

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11 City Image and City Structure

11.1 City Image

To transform Guwahati into one of the most admired State Capitals of the country. The city-image has to be enhanced through the creation of landmarks and by developing a hierarchical city structure.

11.2 City Structure

11.2.1 Existing City Structure

The Guwahati City is an undulating plain located on the foothills of Meghalaya plateau. The old city lies in a horse-shoe shaped valley surrounded on the North by the Brahmaputra River and by Kharguli and Chunchali hills in the east, Japorigog, Nilachal and Fatasil hills on the south and the famous Kamakhya hill on the west. There are also a number of bils and wetlands in the GMA. Being physically constrained by hills and natural bil areas, the city has sprawled in a curvilinear fashion surrounding the central area, along the main corridors towards the east and the south.

The Old Municipal Area still functions as the Central Business District with wholesale and city level retail markets located there. A ribbon-like commercial-industrial mixed-use development has taken place in the south of the city along the NH-37 bypass, a corridor which has the potentials of being developed into a beautiful urban corridor.

Apart from the central commercial area, the other nuclei that have formed in the city are the Oil Refinery at Noonmati, Military Cantonment at Narengi, Secretariat at Dispur, Railway Colonies at Maligaon-Pandu, Guwahati University and Engineering College at Jalukbari, Airport at Borjhar and Industrial area at Amingaon.

However, a hierarchical form of urban development is absent in the City Structure.

11.2.3 Proposed City Structure

A new city structure for GMA is envisaged for the integrated hierarchical development of the city and the development of City Image. Refer to Map 11.1.

11.2.3 Tier I: City Level

One of the major goals of the plan is to create a unique image for the city of Guwahati befitting that of a State Capital. This can be achieved through the creation of landmarks and interesting urban forms. Some of the major city level projects identified for enhancing the capital city image of Guwahati are as under:

11.2.3.1 City Centre

To cater to the City level commercial and facilities requirement, a new City Centre is envisaged. The City Centre shall comprise:

• City-level Commercial Centre at Jatikuchi to function as the Central Business District on 56 ha of land,

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• City-level Facility Centre at Dakhingaon area containing city level facilities such as, Socio-cultural Club, exhibition gallery and cultural centre, museums, Speciality Hospital, general community facilities and housing along with recreational facilities on 52 ha of land,

• a City-level Sports Complex (97 ha), and • a City-level Park (79 ha).

11.2.3.2 Education and Research Hub

The Education and Research Hub shall contain regional-level institutions for research activities. A Medical college with a speciality Hospital covering 15 ha shall also be located within this area. The hub shall have Institutional area, residential area, sports and cultural area and landscape component. Its details are as under:

• Area : 107 ha • Location : Rudreswar village, Planning Unit 9

11.2.3.3 New University including New Engineering Colleges

Area is reserved in the Plan for a New University and Engineering College to be located in Kharghuli NC under Planning Unit 4 with a total area of 304 ha.

11.2.3.4 Exhibition-cum-Fair Ground

Guwahati is the cultural and economic hub of not only the state of Assam but also the entire northeast region. There are a number of festivals and fairs held in the city, chiefly in the Judge’s Field or some other parks in the

city. Considering the number of tourists visiting these fairs, it is proposed to develop an exclusive exhibition cum fair ground to organize fairs, exhibitions and shows and events for cultural as well as economic benefits. Its area and location are as under:

• Area : 412 ha • Location : Planning Unit No. 8 and New Town III (partly)

11.2.3.5 Golf Course

A golf course is proposed to be developed in the New Town III located in the south of the GMA. Around 121 ha area is reserved for the same.

11.2.3.6 Airport Expansion

In view of the anticipated future requirement of large sized aircrafts, long runways (of around 4.2 Km) would be required for the landing of the same. Considering this, 1193 ha of land has been proposed for Airport Expansion under CMP-2025, which could accommodate the longer runway and desired Terminal facilities.

11.2.3.7 River Front Development

River front development along the river Brahmaputra is envisaged to celebrate the beauty of the river and integrate it with the recreational green belt along it. The existing developments along the MG and DG road towards the river side shall make way for the river development zone. Also in areas on new development along the river, a 200-m wide belt is proposed to maintain the serenity of the river.

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11.2.3.8 Urban Design Corridor

The CMP-2025 proposes to earmark the northern side of the National Highway - 37 from Garchuk chariali to Basistha Chariali as a Composite Use Zone of Type II for development of large multi-storeyed institutional-commercial development to cater to the future needs of the city and the region. The area would be developed on the basis of an urban design scheme, which will add to the image of the city.

11.2.3.9 Urban Renewal

The entire Old Municipality area corresponding to Planning Unit 1 has been earmarked for Urban Renewal in CMP-2025. Refer to Section 8.5.

Note: Once the by-pass comes up, the Government may review and the area to the south of NH-37 may be notified as Composite Use and other uses like Capitol Complex etc.

11.2.4 Tier II: District Level

To cater to the social infrastructure and commercial requirements at the District level, four Integrated District Centres (IDC) are envisaged. An IDC shall generally contain the following elements:

• District Commercial Centre (on around 40 ha of land for 5 lakh population)

• District-level Facility Centre (Containing higher order facilities catering to District and Community Population on around 35-45 ha of land)

• District level Park

The location and areas of the proposed Integrated District Centres are as follows:

Table 11.1: Proposed Integrated District Centres in GMA-2025

Integrated District Centre

Location Area(Ha)

Components

District Planning

Unit Planning Sub-Unit

IDC-I B 3 51 108

District Commercial Centre I (40 ha), District level Facility Centre (FC IV-32 ha) including Parks and Play areas (10 ha) Parking and Circulation

IDC-II C 6 2,5 68

District Commercial Centre II (20 ha) District level Facility Centre (FC V-23 ha) including Park and Play area (10 ha) Parking and Circulation

IDC III C 8 66 101

District Commercial Centre III (28 ha), District level Facility Centre (FC VII-34 ha) including Park and Play area (10 ha) Parking and Circulation

IDC IV D 9 71 84

District Commercial Centre IV (35ha) District level Facility Centre (FC IX-34 ha) including Park and Play area (10 ha) Parking and Circulation

Total Area 361

11.2.5 Tier III: Community Level

At the Community level, Integrated Community Centres (ICC) is proposed at different locations. A Community Centre shall contain:

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• Community Commercial Centre of about 5.4 ha land for 1 lakh population

• Community-level Facility Centre containing Community level facilities, including Community-level Parks and Play areas

Table 11.2: Proposed Integrated Community Centres in GMA-2025 Integrated

Community Centre District/

Planning Unit Area

(in Ha) Components

ICC-I A/4 33 FC-I (18 ha) CCC-I (5.4 ha) Parking and Circulation

ICC-II B/2 40 FC-III (24 ha) CCC-II (5.4 ha) Parking and Circulation

ICC-III C/8 42 FC-VI (27ha) CCC-III (5.4 ha) Parking and Circulation

ICC-IV D/9 35 FC-VIII (21 ha) CCC-IV (5.4 ha) Parking and Circulation

ICC-V D/11 33 FC-X (19 ha) CCC-V (7.5 ha) Parking and Circulation

ICC-VI D/12 64 FC-XI (38 ha) CCC-VI (23ha)

ICC-VII D/13 67 FC XII (38 ha) CCC-VII (20 ha) Parking and Circulation

11.2.6 New Towns

Out of 21.74 lakh population, 17.74 lakh is proposed to be accommodated within existing GMA; the remaining 4 lakh population is proposed to be accommodated in three New Towns proposed at the North-West, South-West and North-East in GMA. These new towns are reserved as scheme

area for subsequent planning of various uses. The new towns may be developed on PPP mode. Their details are as under:

Table 11.3: Location, population and economic base of New Towns Sl. No. New Town Location Population Economic Base

1 New Town I (Special Scheme Area

North-East of GMA (Sila-Matiya-Najirakhat-Bhulung area)

0.8 lakh Wholesale Market/ Integrated Freight complex

2 New Town II(Special Scheme Area

North-West of GMA (Charmajulipam-Gandhmau-Ambari-Bamun Soalkuchi area)

1.6 lakh Industry

3 New Town III (Special Scheme Area

South-west of GMA (Panchniyapara-Sajjanpara-Gariyapara-Alibari-Tarapatipara area)

1.6 lakh SEZ and IT

Total 4.0 lakh

11.2.6.1 New Town I

The New Town I located on the North East of GMA. Its major economic base is the wholesale trade for Guwahati and the whole of North-East. The town is to be designed for about 80,000 population. A conceptual land use provision for the New Town has been worked out. Refer Table 11.4.

Table 11.4: Tentative Land Use Break-up of New Town I Sl. No. Land Use Categories Area (Ha) Percentage

1 Residential 307 21.1 2 Business and Commerce 343 23.6 5 Public and Semi-Public 84 5.8 8 Recreation & Open Space 270 18.6 9 Transportation 154 10.6 10 Eco-Sensitive /Eco-Friendly Zone 294 20.2

Total 1452 100.0

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11.2.6.2 New Town II

The New Town II is proposed to be located in the North West in GMA. It is envisaged to cater to a population of 1.6 lakh. It has around 500 ha of land reserved for the development of industry. In addition, a large area of land is dedicated for the development of recreational facilities. Refer to Table 11.5 for tentative land use break up. It is understood that some part of the proposed new town gets submerged due to floods. A Techno- Feasibility may be conducted for construction of an embankment along the river. Table 11.5: Tentative Land Use Break-up of New Town II

Sl. No. Land Use Categories Area (Ha) Percentage 1 Residential 707 30.2 2 Business and Commerce 40 1.7 3 Industrial 400 17.1 4 Public and Semi-Public 130 5.5 5 Recreation & Open Space 475 20.3 6 Transportation 208 8.9 10 Eco-Sensitive /Eco-Friendly Zone 382 16.3 Total 2342 100.0

11.2.6.3 New Town III

The New Town III, proposed to be located in the South West in GMA. It is to accommodate 1.6 lakh population. This New Town being near to the Airport is envisaged to be developed into an IT and SEZ hub with 560 ha of land being reserved for the same.

Since the city of Guwahati also lacks quality recreational space, an 18-hole golf course shall be developed in the New Town. One residential sector of

about 80 hectares in the New Town is proposed to be developed as Bungalow area. For tentative Land Use break-up refer to Table 11.6.

Table 11.6: Tentative Land Use Break-up of New Town III Sl. No. Land Use Categories Area (Ha) Percentage

1 Residential 700 36.30

2 Business and Commerce 40 2.10

3 Public and Semi-Public 122 6.30

4 Composite Use II 541 28.105 Recreation & Open Space 332 17.20

6 Transportation 192 10.00

Total 1927 100.10

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Annex II Zonal Distribution of Planning Variables, Trip Productions and Attractions in the Base Year

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1 20028 4687 3334 4395 2723 5832 4609 5622 882 285 456 5469 3764 3565 881 285 456

2 14998 4615 2773 5485 5617 5742 3833 4210 1100 588 569 6825 7765 4450 1100 588 570

3 11294 3516 2425 2212 2042 4375 3352 3170 444 214 230 2752 2823 1794 444 214 229

4 13894 4237 2082 2865 1362 5272 2878 3900 575 143 297 3565 1883 2324 575 143 297

5 8057 2216 1553 21851 10723 2757 2147 2262 4383 1123 2268 27190 14824 17728 4383 1123 2269

6 9987 3081 2391 1619 851 3834 3305 2803 325 89 168 2015 1176 1314 325 89 168

7 21102 7956 3670 3981 8680 9900 5073 5924 799 909 413 4954 11999 3229 798 909 413

8 11003 4362 964 1060 170 5428 1333 3089 213 18 110 1319 235 860 212 18 110

9 8007 4448 1190 2001 0 5535 1645 2248 401 0 208 2490 0 1623 401 0 207

10 9905 3656 2348 583 0 4549 3246 2780 117 0 61 725 0 473 117 0 61

11 13577 4640 3431 2250 2213 5774 4743 3811 451 232 234 2800 3059 1825 451 232 234

12 37265 12122 5497 5088 1191 15083 7599 10461 1021 125 528 6331 1647 4128 1021 125 528

13 18287 6335 4276 2568 170 7883 5911 5133 515 18 267 3196 235 2083 515 18 267

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14 23259 8618 4058 4951 4085 10723 5610 6529 993 428 514 6161 5647 4017 993 428 514

15 14902 4867 3498 2737 0 6056 4835 4183 549 0 284 3405 0 2221 549 0 284

16 18557 6728 5233 3377 6468 8372 7234 5209 677 678 351 4202 8941 2740 677 678 350

17 12028 4217 2387 1928 1362 5247 3300 3376 387 143 200 2399 1883 1564 387 143 200

18 8141 3506 1586 5300 5787 4363 2192 2285 1063 606 550 6595 8000 4300 1063 606 550

19 16526 7511 2265 2994 340 9346 3131 4639 601 36 311 3725 470 2429 601 36 311

20 13056 4864 2386 2891 2723 6052 3298 3665 580 285 300 3597 3764 2346 580 285 300

21 7236 3258 872 764 511 4054 1205 2031 153 54 79 951 706 620 153 53 79

22 17330 5040 4103 2764 681 6271 5672 4865 554 71 287 3440 942 2242 555 71 287

23 12143 5577 711 2815 1362 6939 983 3409 565 143 292 3502 1883 2284 565 143 293

24 17576 6618 3144 1240 511 8235 4346 4934 249 54 129 1543 706 1006 249 53 128

25 20286 6959 2434 3955 1702 8659 3365 5695 793 178 411 4921 2352 3209 794 178 411

26 11786 5166 1557 12844 4255 6428 2152 3308 2576 446 1333 15981 5882 10420 2577 446 1333

27 11808 4923 1561 5775 5787 6126 2158 3315 1158 606 599 7186 8000 4685 1158 606 599

28 10825 5238 1849 1382 511 6518 2556 3039 277 54 143 1720 706 1122 277 53 143

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Zone

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29 9320 5239 1502 6276 511 6519 2076 2616 1259 54 651 7809 706 5092 1259 53 651

30 8328 2683 1436 16143 3404 3338 1985 2338 3238 357 1676 20086 4706 13097 3239 357 1676

31 6183 2604 1195 29166 10723 3240 1652 1736 5851 1123 3028 36292 14824 23662 5851 1123 3027

32 11280 4613 2017 8703 6127 5740 2788 3166 1746 642 903 10830 8470 7061 1746 642 904

33 11595 4396 2250 6649 5617 5470 3110 3255 1334 588 690 8274 7765 5394 1334 588 690

34 12675 4881 2163 4871 3574 6073 2990 3558 977 374 506 6061 4941 3952 977 374 505

35 13177 2679 1860 2344 1702 3333 2571 3699 470 178 243 2917 2352 1902 470 178 243

36 16500 4870 2716 9404 5957 6060 3754 4632 1886 624 976 11702 8235 7629 1887 624 976

37 16015 4871 2642 2232 1532 6061 3652 4496 448 160 232 2777 2118 1810 448 160 232

38 8944 3933 1052 16118 9872 4894 1454 2511 3233 1034 1673 20056 13647 13076 3233 1034 1673

39 14596 6255 1195 2311 511 7783 1652 4097 464 54 240 2876 706 1875 463 53 239

40 3765 1575 545 4684 1872 1960 753 1057 940 196 486 5829 2588 3801 940 196 486

41 22417 7536 5774 4258 4255 9377 7982 6293 854 446 442 5298 5882 3454 854 446 442

42 13412 4599 1866 1381 1702 5723 2579 3765 277 178 143 1718 2352 1121 277 178 143

43 5946 1791 993 17351 5106 2229 1373 1669 3481 535 1801 21590 7058 14077 3480 535 1801

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44 16644 7535 3114 3016 1702 9376 4305 4672 605 178 313 3753 2352 2446 605 178 313

45 17222 6042 3190 1636 511 7518 4410 4834 328 54 170 2036 706 1328 329 53 170

46 25824 9288 3257 5990 1191 11557 4502 7249 1202 125 622 7454 1647 4860 1202 125 622

47 8587 3243 1410 4195 2723 4035 1949 2410 842 285 435 5220 3764 3403 842 285 436

48 12796 4419 2017 7466 3064 5499 2788 3592 1498 321 775 9290 4236 6057 1498 321 775

49 28972 4433 4710 600 170 5516 6511 8133 120 18 62 747 235 486 120 18 62

50 12037 4112 2501 1461 340 5117 3457 3379 293 36 152 1818 470 1186 294 36 151

51 28614 9032 5143 3169 511 11239 7109 8032 636 54 329 3944 706 2571 636 53 329

52 7146 2084 1691 2944 1362 2593 2338 2006 591 143 306 3664 1883 2388 591 143 305

53 9478 2995 1262 2371 681 3727 1745 2661 476 71 246 2950 942 1923 475 71 246

54 16897 5224 2023 6457 1362 6500 2797 4743 1295 143 670 8034 1883 5238 1295 143 671

55 12976 4947 2277 4517 851 6156 3148 3643 906 89 469 5621 1176 3665 906 89 469

56 21671 5758 4670 2085 681 7165 6456 6083 418 71 216 2594 942 1692 418 71 216

57 17774 5868 2731 17095 9021 7302 3775 4989 3429 945 1775 21271 12470 13870 3429 945 1774

58 25038 11215 4987 8362 1532 13955 6894 7028 1677 160 868 10405 2118 6784 1677 160 868

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59 20496 6974 3437 5436 1362 8678 4751 5753 1090 143 564 6764 1883 4410 1090 143 564

60 22523 8454 5716 1588 170 10519 7902 6322 319 18 165 1976 235 1288 318 18 165

61 4455 1738 338 1900 0 2163 467 1251 381 0 197 2364 0 1541 381 0 197

62 5334 1489 1052 1465 0 1853 1454 1497 294 0 152 1823 0 1188 294 0 152

63 5020 1774 820 974 0 2207 1134 1409 195 0 101 1212 0 790 196 0 101

64 1625 626 377 439 0 779 521 456 88 0 46 547 0 357 88 0 46

65 1224 536 143 551 0 667 198 344 111 0 57 685 0 447 111 0 57

66 8711 2356 1225 484 0 2932 1693 2445 97 0 50 603 0 392 97 0 50

67 5566 1676 718 2249 681 2085 993 1562 451 71 233 2798 942 1825 451 71 233

68 23036 6160 3043 3661 4766 7665 4207 6466 734 499 380 4556 6588 2971 735 499 380

69 9804 2378 1884 961 1362 2959 2604 2752 193 143 100 1196 1883 780 193 143 100

70 389 157 42 222 0 195 58 109 45 0 23 276 0 180 44 0 23

71 23886 7346 3648 4483 1872 9141 5043 6705 899 196 465 5578 2588 3637 899 196 465

Total 980761 339345 170210 339343 170207 422251 235291 275308 68072 17832 35223 422253 235291 275307 68073 17825 35219

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Annex III

Zonal Distribution of Planning Variables, Trip Productions and Attractions in the Horizon Year

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Non-Home Based Attractions

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1 36189 13028 10582 6499 9409 16211 14628 10159 1304 986 675 7351 13006 4607 1304 986 674

2 48898 17603 14298 16119 12713 21903 19765 13726 3233 1332 1673 18234 17575 11426 3233 1332 1673

3 11100 3996 3245 2031 2886 4972 4486 3116 407 302 211 2298 3989 1440 407 302 211

4 13654 4915 3993 2631 3550 6116 5520 3833 528 372 273 2976 4908 1865 528 372 273

5 19538 7034 5714 20066 10880 8752 7899 5485 4025 1140 2083 22698 15040 14224 4025 1140 2083

6 9815 3533 2870 1486 2552 4396 3967 2755 298 267 154 1681 3528 1053 298 268 154

7 20739 7466 6065 6409 5392 9290 8384 5822 1286 565 665 7250 7453 4543 1286 565 665

8 10813 3893 3162 973 2811 4844 4371 3035 195 295 101 1101 3886 690 195 294 101

9 7868 2832 2301 1837 2046 3524 3181 2209 368 214 191 2078 2827 1302 368 214 191

10 25831 9299 7554 2544 6716 11571 10442 7251 510 704 264 2878 9284 1803 510 703 264

11 24126 8685 7055 2067 6273 10807 9753 6772 415 657 215 2338 8671 1465 414 657 215

12 48572 17486 14204 9625 12629 21758 19635 13635 1931 1323 999 10887 17457 6823 1931 1323 999

13 34997 12599 10234 11498 9099 15677 14147 9824 2306 953 1194 13006 12579 8151 2306 953 1194

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14 22859 8229 6684 4885 5943 10239 9240 6417 980 623 507 5526 8216 3463 980 623 507

15 15194 5470 4443 3200 3950 6806 6142 4265 642 414 332 3620 5461 2268 641 413 332

16 34558 12441 10106 34125 14285 15480 13970 9701 6845 1497 3542 38602 19747 24190 6845 1496 3542

17 67191 24189 19649 25573 17470 30098 27162 18861 5130 1830 2655 28928 24149 18128 5130 1830 2655

18 8000 2880 2339 4867 2080 3584 3233 2246 976 218 505 5506 2876 3450 976 219 505

19 16241 5847 4750 5943 4223 7275 6566 4559 1192 442 617 6722 5837 4213 1192 443 616

20 12831 4619 3752 3068 3336 5747 5187 3602 615 349 318 3470 4612 2175 616 349 318

21 7111 2560 2080 2017 1849 3185 2875 1996 405 194 209 2281 2555 1430 404 193 209

22 16453 5923 4812 4482 4278 7370 6652 4619 899 448 465 5070 5914 3177 899 448 465

23 11934 4296 3490 2586 3103 5346 4824 3350 519 325 268 2925 4289 1833 519 326 269

24 17272 6218 5051 5138 4491 7737 6982 4848 1031 470 533 5812 6208 3642 1031 470 533

25 19982 7194 5843 4572 5195 8952 8077 5609 917 544 475 5172 7182 3241 917 544 474

26 17124 6165 5007 11794 4452 7671 6921 4807 2366 466 1224 13341 6154 8360 2365 467 1225

27 11605 4178 3393 5303 3017 5199 4690 3258 1064 316 550 5998 4171 3759 1064 317 550

28 10638 3830 3111 6348 2766 4766 4301 2986 1273 290 659 7181 3824 4500 1274 290 659

29 9160 3298 2679 7135 2382 4104 3703 2571 1431 249 741 8071 3292 5058 1431 250 740

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30 8184 2946 2393 14824 2128 3666 3308 2297 2974 223 1539 16768 2941 10509 2974 223 1538

31 6077 2188 1777 26782 1580 2723 2456 1706 5372 166 2780 30295 2184 18985 5372 165 2780

32 11086 3991 3241 7993 2882 4966 4480 3112 1603 302 830 9042 3984 5666 1603 302 829

33 11395 4102 3333 6699 2963 5104 4607 3199 1344 310 695 7577 4095 4749 1344 311 695

34 3708 1335 1084 4472 964 1661 1498 1041 897 101 464 5059 1333 3170 897 101 464

35 12950 4662 3787 2153 3367 5801 5235 3635 432 353 223 2436 4655 1526 432 352 224

36 16216 5838 4742 8635 4216 7264 6555 4552 1732 442 896 9767 5828 6121 1732 442 896

37 15740 5666 4603 2050 4092 7050 6363 4418 411 429 213 2319 5657 1454 412 428 213

38 10714 3857 3134 14801 2786 4799 4332 3008 2969 292 1536 16743 3851 10492 2969 291 1537

39 17185 6187 5025 2123 4468 7698 6946 4824 426 468 220 2401 6176 1505 425 468 220

40 8465 3047 2475 4301 2201 3791 3421 2376 863 231 446 4866 3042 3049 863 230 447

41 24440 8798 7147 7600 6354 10947 9880 6861 1525 666 789 8597 8784 5388 1525 666 789

42 25642 9231 7498 5625 6667 11486 10365 7198 1128 698 584 6363 9216 3987 1129 699 583

43 12359 4449 3614 15933 3213 5536 4996 3469 3196 337 1654 18023 4442 11295 3196 336 1654

44 16357 5889 4783 2770 4253 7328 6612 4592 556 446 288 3133 5879 1963 556 446 287

45 16925 6093 4949 3900 4401 7582 6841 4751 782 461 405 4412 6083 2765 783 461 405

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46 25380 9137 7422 22449 6599 11369 10260 7124 4503 691 2330 25394 9122 15914 4503 691 2330

47 13626 4905 3985 3852 6843 6103 5509 3825 773 717 400 4357 9459 2730 772 717 400

48 15873 5714 4642 6757 7027 7110 6417 4456 1355 736 701 7643 9714 4790 1356 736 702

49 28472 10250 8326 8118 7403 12754 11510 7992 1628 776 843 9183 10233 5754 1628 776 843

50 13122 4724 3837 2174 3412 5878 5304 3684 436 357 226 2459 4716 1541 437 357 226

51 97435 35077 28493 15671 28333 43646 39388 27351 3144 2968 1627 17727 39167 11109 3144 2968 1627

52 21540 7754 6299 18427 10400 9648 8707 6047 3696 1090 1913 20844 14377 13062 3696 1090 1913

53 19725 7101 5767 6833 5129 8836 7972 5537 1371 537 709 7729 7089 4844 1371 537 709

54 34330 12359 10039 10064 8926 15378 13877 9637 2019 935 1045 11384 12339 7134 2018 935 1045

55 19752 7111 5777 11432 6636 8848 7986 5545 2293 695 1187 12931 9173 8104 2293 696 1187

56 40330 14519 11794 8078 11986 18066 16304 11321 1620 1256 839 9137 16569 5726 1621 1255 839

57 19026 6849 5564 15698 4947 8522 7691 5341 3149 518 1630 17757 6838 11128 3149 519 1629

58 58827 21178 17203 12888 15295 26352 23781 16513 2585 1602 1338 14579 21143 9136 2585 1603 1338

59 58955 21224 17240 4660 15328 26409 23832 16549 935 1606 484 5271 21189 3303 935 1606 483

60 53598 19295 15674 5449 13935 24009 21667 15046 1093 1460 566 6164 19264 3862 1093 1460 566

61 4378 1576 1280 9121 6638 1961 1769 1229 1830 695 947 10318 9177 6465 1829 696 947

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62 24440 8798 7147 6485 6354 10947 9880 6861 1301 666 673 7336 8784 4597 1300 666 673

63 4933 1776 1443 894 1283 2210 1995 1385 179 134 93 1011 1773 634 179 134 93

64 1597 575 467 20397 415 715 646 448 4092 43 2117 23072 574 14459 4091 43 2117

65 4009 1443 1172 2532 1042 1796 1620 1125 508 109 263 2864 1441 1795 508 109 263

66 66329 23878 19397 16314 23446 29711 26814 18619 3273 2456 1693 18454 32410 11564 3273 2456 1694

67 21625 7785 6323 30169 5623 9687 8741 6070 6052 589 3132 34126 7773 21386 6052 589 3132

68 142740 51386 41741 47324 42912 63940 57701 40069 9493 4496 4913 53532 59320 33547 9492 4495 4913

69 11633 4188 3403 35198 5925 5211 4704 3266 7061 621 3654 39815 8190 24951 7060 620 3654

70 21895 7882 6403 14215 9493 9808 8851 6146 2851 994 1476 16080 13122 10076 2852 995 1475

71 122596 44134 35851 21785 31874 54916 49559 34414 4370 3339 2261 24643 44061 15442 4370 3339 2261

NT II 160000 57600 46789 59400 48300 71672 64679 44914 11915 5060 6166 67192 66767 42107 11915 5060 6166

NT III 160000 57600 46789 59400 48300 71672 64679 44914 11915 5060 6166 67192 66767 42107 11915 5060 6166

NT I 80000 28800 23394 39600 25600 35836 32339 22457 7944 2682 4111 44794 35388 28071 7944 2682 4111

Total

2173902 782603 635712 860866 635714 973792 87878

0 610241 172685 66598 89363 97379

0 87877

9 61024

1 17268

2 66598 89359

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Annex IV Cost Estimates for Transportation System Development in GMA

a) Cost Estimates of Arterial Road Improvements in GMA

S.N

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1 Narengi Noonmati 3 17.6 5.6 IL 30 4L Arterial Widening from IL to 4L 1.5 4.5 1

2 Noonmati Chandmari flyover jn. 2.95 24.2 8 2L 30 4L Arterial Widening from

2L to 4L 1 2.95 2

3 Chandmari flyover jn.

Ulubari rd.Jn. (GHY club) 1.95 20.9 10 2L 30 6L Arterial Widening from

2L to 4L 1 1.95 1

Widening from 4L to 6L 1 1.9

5 2

4 Kachari jn. Bhutnath 3.9 20.2 15.8 4L 30 6L Arterial Widening from 4L to 6L 1 3.9 1

5

AT Road

Bhutnath Maligaon 3.1 25.1 17 4L 40 8L Arterial Widening from 4L to 6L 1 3.1 1

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 3.1 2

6 Maligaon jn. Jalukbari 2.5 34.5 21.4 4L 40 8L Arterial Widening from 4L to 6L 1 2.5 1

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 2.5 2

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S.N

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Nam

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Roa

d

From

To

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(km

)

Base year Horizon Year without LRT

Roa

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7 Jalukbari Airport jn. (VIP rd.) 11.9 56 7 2L 60 8L Arterial Widening from 2L to 4L 1 11.

9 1

Widening from 4L to 6L 1 11.

9 2

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 11.

9 3

8 Ranigate Patgaon 1.2 33.6 3.5 SL 60 4L Arterial Widening from SL to 4L 1.5 1.8 1

9

Bypass

Road

Khanapara Basistha Chariali 2.8 61.2 18.5 4L 61.2 6L Arterial Widening from 4L to 6L 1 2.8 1

10 Basistha Chariali Lokhra 5.1 65 18.6 4L 65 6L Arterial Widening from

4L to 6L 1 5.1 1

11 Lokhra Garchuk 4.4 61.7 18.5 4L 61.7 6L Arterial Widening from

4L to 6L 1 4.4 1

12 Jalukbari Jn. Garchuk 7.8 61.3 17.55 4L 61.3 6L Arterial Widening from

4L to 6L 1 7.8 1

13 Garch

uk Road

Garchuk Jn. Fatasil-Ambari 6.4 11.4 3.6 SL 30 NMR Arterial Improvement 0.2 1.28 1

14 Fatasil-Ambari Kumarapara 1.2 11.2 6.5 2L 30 4L Arterial Widening from

2L to 4L 1 1.2 1

15 Jalukbari jn. Amingaon(Hajo

Rd.jn.) 3.9 11 7 2L 60 8L Arterial Widening from 2L to 4L 1 3.9 1

Widening from 4L to 6L 1 3.9 2

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 3.9 3

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S.N

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Nam

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Roa

d

From

To

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(km

)

Base year Horizon Year without LRT

Roa

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Impr

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Mea

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s

Uni

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16 Amingaon(Hajo

Rd.Jn.) Dadara 6.6 11 5.5 IL 30 4L Arterial Widening from IL to 4L 1 6.6 2

17 Gauripur Amingaon 5.5 44.4 7 2L 60 8L Arterial Widening from

2L to 4L 1 5.5 1

Widening from 4L to 6L 1 5.5 2

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 5.5 3

18

G.S. Road

Paltan bazar Ulubari 0.8 28 14 4L 30 6L Arterial Widening from 4L to 6L 1 0.8 1

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 0.8 2

19 Ulubari jn. Bhangagarh Jn. 1.65 29.3 17 4L 40 8L Arterial Widening from

4L to 6L 1 1.65 1

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 1.6

5 2

20 Bhangagarh Jn. Ganeshguri 2.5 39.8 26 4L 40 8L Arterial Widening from

4L to 6L 1 2.5 1

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 2.5 2

21 Ganeshguri jn. Six mile 3.25 39.3 14 4L 40 8L Arterial Widening from

4L to 6L 1 3.25 1

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 3.2

5 2

22 Six mile Khanapara jn. 2 34.5 14 4L 40 8L Arterial Widening from

4L to 6L 1 2 1

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S.N

o.

Nam

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Roa

d

From

To

Len

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(km

)

Base year Horizon Year without LRT

Roa

d C

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Impr

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Mea

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s

Uni

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Tot

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Phas

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Con

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RO

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Widening from 6L to 8L 1 2 2

23 Lal Ganesh Rd.Jn. Charabatti 0.5 16.5 8.3 2L 30 4L Arterial Widening from

2L to 4L 1 0.5 1

24 Lokhr

a Road

Charabatti Kalapahar 1.4 16.5 8.3 2L 30 4L Arterial Widening from 2L to 4L 1 1.4 2

25 Kalapahar Lokhra jn. 6.6 17.1 6.8 2L 30 4L Arterial Widening from

2L to 4L 1 6.6 1

26 Basistha Chariali Beltola jn. 1.3 27.6 7.5 2L 30 4L Arterial Widening from

2L to 4L 1 1.3 3

27 Beltola jn. Dispur last gate 2.05 26.8 7 2L 30 4L Arterial Widening from

2L to 4L 1 2.05 3

28 Dispur last gate Ganeshguri jn. 1.5 26.2 13.5 3L 30 4L Arterial Widening from

3L to 4L 0.5 0.75 2

29 Ganeshguri jn. Chandmari flyover

jn. 4.5 25 14 4L 30 4L Arterial Improvement 0.2 0.9 4

30 Khanapara jn. Shillong Rd. 0.9 24.4 6 IL 60 8L Arterial Widening from

IL to 4L 1.5 1.35 1

Widening from 4L to 6L 1 0.9 2

Widening from 6L to 8L 1 0.9 3

31 Khanapara jn. Beltola jn. 2 19.1 7 2L 30 4L Arterial Widening from

2L to 4L 1 2 1

32

VIP Road Six mile Narengi 6.6 33.4 14 4L 33.4 4L Arterial Improvement 0.2 1.3

2 4

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33

Ring Road1 through Dispur Last Gate

9.3 60 4L Arterial New Construction of 2L

1 9.3 1

Widening from 2L to 4L 1 9.3 3

34 Tunnel through

Fatasil Hills 2.5 24 4L Arterial New Construction of 4L

125 312.5 2

35

Ring Road2 through Basistha Chariali

8.1 60 2L Arterial New Construction of 2L

1 8.1 2

36 Road parallel to

existing bypass 19.6 60 4L Arterial New Construction of 2L

1 19.6 1

Widening from 2L to 4L 1 19.

6 2

37

New bypass along eastern side (Excluding Bridge)

24 60 4L Arterial New Construction of 2L

1 24 1

Widening from 2L to 4L 1 24 2

38

New Towns connecting Road (Excluding Bridge)

8.7 60 4L Arterial New Construction of 2L

1 8.7 1

Widening from 2L to 4L 1 8.7 2

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b) Cost Estimates of Sub - Arterial Road Improvements in GMA

S.N

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1 Zoo Tiniali Narengi 6.1 26 16.1 4L 26 4L Sub-Arterial Improvement 0.2 1.2 3

2 Ulubari rd.Jn.

Deghali Pukhuri jn.

0.8 24 13.6 3L 24 4L Sub-Arterial Widening from 3L to

4L 0.5 0.4 1

3

Deghali pukhuri jn.

Kachari jn. 0.6 18 10.5 3L 18 4L Sub-Arterial

Widening from 3L to

4L 0.5 0.3 3

4

Palashbari Rd. jn. Goral 2.25 54 5.5 IL 54 4L Sub-Arterial

Widening from IL to

2L 0.5 1.1 1

Widening from 2L to

4L 1 2.3 3

5 Amingaon

Amingaon Law colony

1.8 12 5.5 IL 30 Improvement Sub-Arterial Improvement 0.2 0.4 4

6 Amingaon Law colony Rajadwar 7 11 3.5 SL 30 Improvement Sub-Arterial Improvemen

t 0.2 1.4 4

7 North Guwahati Gauripur 2 12 5.5 IL 60 4L Sub-Arterial

Widening from IL to

4L 1.5 3.0 2

8

GHY club(ulubarird.)

Ulubari jn. 1.2 14 9.7 2L 30 6L Sub-Arterial

Widening from 2L to

4L 1 1.2 1

Widening from 4L to 1 1.2 2

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6L

9

Paltan Bazar one way Rd. 0.55 19 8.5 2L 30 6L Sub-Arterial

Widening from 2L to

4L 1 0.6 1

Widening from 4L to

6L1 0.6 2

11 Sarabatti Kumarapa

ra jn. 1.3 14 6.5 2L 24 4L Sub-Arterial Widening from 2L to

4L 1 1.3 4

12 Sarabatti Ulubari

jn. 1.7 15 6.5 2L 30 4L Sub-Arterial Widening from 2L to

4L 1 1.7 4

12 Kumarapara jn. Bharalu

jn. 1.2 19 7 2L 24 4L Sub-Arterial Widening from 2L to

4L 1 1.2 1

13 Bharalu jn.

Paltan Bazar flyoverjn.

1.6 21 11.5 3L 30 6L Sub-Arterial Widening from 3L to

6L 1.5 2.4 2

14

Paltan Bazar flyoverjn.

One way Rd.End 0.75 19 13.5 3L 30 6L Sub-Arterial

Widening from 3L to

6L 1.5 1.1 1

15 Six mile Panjabari 1.6 22 14 4L 24 Improvement Sub-Arterial Improvement 0.2 0.3 1

16 Six mile Panjabari 1.2 23 7 2L 24 4L Sub-Arterial

Widening from 2L to

4L 1 1.2 1

17 Kalapahar Fatasil- 1 10 5.8 IL 24 4L Sub-Arterial Widening 1.5 1.5 2

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Ambari from IL to 4L

18 Narengi

Tadibagan (Amingaon)

3.6 24 5 IL 30 4L Sub-Arterial Widening from IL to

4L 1.5 5.4 1

19 Narengi

Sonapur Army camp

2.8 20 5.5 IL 24 Improvement Sub-Arterial Improvement 0.2 0.6 3

20 GMC Jn Kalapahar 3.9 60 4L Sub-Arterial

New Construction

of 2L 1 3.9 1

Widening from 2L to

4L 1 3.9 2

21

Connections from existing bypass to parallel road

4.66 60 2L Sub-Arterial New

Construction of 2L

1 4.7 1

22 3 2.9 45 4L Sub-Arterial

New Construction

of 2L 1 2.9 1

Widening from 2L to

4L 1 2.9 2

23 4 2.2 45 2L Sub-Arterial

New Construction

of 2L 1 2.2 1

24 5 1.1 45 4L Sub-Arterial New Construction 1 1.1 1

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of 2L

Widening from 2L to

4L 1 1.1 2

25 6 3.4 45 2L Sub-Arterial

New Construction

of 2L1 3.4 1

26 Hengerabari Panjabari 2 30 2L Sub-Arterial

New Construction

of 2L 1 2.0 1

27 North Town

Category 1 27.1 60 4L Sub-Arterial New

Construction of 2L

1 27.1 1

Widening from 2L to

4L 1 27.1 2

28 North Town

Category 2 8 30 2L Sub-Arterial New

Construction of 2L

1 8.0 1

29 South Town

Category 1 23.55 60 2L Sub-Arterial New

Construction of 2L

1 23.6 1

30 South Town

Category 2 13.2 30 2L Sub-Arterial New

Construction of 2L

1 13.2 1

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c) Cost Estimates of Collector Road Improvements in GMA

S.N

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1 GMC Jn. Lal Ganesh Rd.Jn. 2.5 9.1 3.7 SL 24 Improvement Collector Improvement 0.2 0.5 4

2 Flyover Jn. 4 legged jn. (flyover portion) 0.3 10.9 7.3 2L 24 6L Collector Widening

from 2L to 6L 30 9 1

3 Flyover end point Pan bazar water tank 0.7 13.7 7.7 2L 15 2L Collector Improvement 0.2 0.14 4

4 Kachari Jn.(rly stn.rd.) Rly stn.Jn. 0.45 17.8 12.8 3L 17.8 Improvement Collector Improvement 0.2 0.09 4

5 Rly stn.Jn. 4-legged jn. 0.5 13.2 7 2L 24 4L Collector Widening from 2L to 4L 1 0.5 2

6 Ulubari rd.Jn. Rajgarh rd.Jn. 1.05 5.8 3.8 SL 15 Improvement Collector Improvement 0.2 0.21 1

7 Chandmari(rajgarh Rd.) Bhangagarh Jn. 2.15 9.7 6.6 2L 24 6L Collector Widening

from 2L to 4L 1 2.15 2

Widening from 4L to 6L 1 2.15 4

8 Nepali Mandir Charabatti 1.25 15.5 5.8 IL 15.5 4L Collector Widening from IL to 2L 0.5 0.625 1

Widening from 2L to 4L 1 1.25 2

9 Ganeshguri jn. Hengerabari 2 14 5 IL 24 6L Collector Widening from IL to 4L 1.5 3 2

Widening from 4L to 6L 1 2 4

10 GHY club Uzan Bazar 1.2 12.9 8.5 2L 30 Improvement Collector Improvement 0.2 0.24 4

11 Lal Ganesh Ganeshguri jn. 4.8 8 5 IL 30 Improvement Collector Improvement 0.2 0.96 4

12 Maligaon jn. Gotanagar 4.8 10.5 5.5 IL 24 Improvement Collector Improvement 0.2 0.96 4

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S.N

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13 1 2.8 45 4L Collector New

Cobnstruction of 2L

1 2.8 1

Widening from 2L to 4L 1 2.8 4

14 2 1.7 45 4L Collector New

Cobnstruction of 2L

1 1.7 1

Widening from 2L to 4L 1 1.7 4

15 7 2.9 45 6L Collector New

Cobnstruction of 2L

1 2.9 1

Widening from 2L to 4L 1 2.9 3

Widening from 4L to 6L 1 2.9 4

16 Wholesale market area roads 16.7 30 6L Collector

New Cobnstruction

of 2L 1 16.7 1

Widening from 2L to 4L 1 16.7 2

Widening from 4L to 6L 1 16.7 4

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d) Cost Estimates of Construction of Grade Separators/ Flyovers/ Bridges/ ROB/ RUB

S.No. Description Area (sqm) Unit Cost

(Rs.thousands) / sqm

Total Cost (Rs. In Crores)

Phasing

1 Khanapara Circle flyover (4L) 10000 25000 25 1

Khanapara Circle flyover (4L - 8L) 10000 25000 25 2

2 Six Mile junction flyover (4L) 10000 25000 25 1

Six Mile junction flyover (4L - 8L) 10000 25000 25 2

3 Bhangagarh Junction flyover (4L) 10000 25000 25 1

Bhangagarh Junction flyover (4L - 8L) 10000 25000 25 3

4 Jalukbari flyover (4L) 10000 25000 25 1

Jalukbari flyover (4L - 8L) 10000 25000 25 2

5 Flyover at bifurcation of Eastern bypass from NH-31 (4L) 10000 25000 25 2

Flyover at bifurcation of Eastern bypass from NH-31 (4L - 8L) 10000 25000 25 4

6 Junction of NH-31 with Hajo road (4L) 10000 25000 25 2

Junction of NH-31 with Hajo road (4L - 8L) 10000 25000 25 4

7 Bridge on river Brahmaputra on eastern side of existing bridge (4L) 30000 40000 120 1

Bridge on river Brahmaputra on eastern side of existing bridge (4L - 8L) 30000 40000 120 2

8 Bridge on river Brahmaputra on western side of existing bridge (2L) 42000 40000 168 1

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S.No. Description Area (sqm) Unit Cost

(Rs.thousands) / sqm

Total Cost (Rs. In Crores)

Phasing

9 Improvement of Existing Bridge (2L - 4L) 15000 40000 60 1

Improvement of Existing Bridge (4L - 8L) 30000 40000 120 2

10 Junction of NH-37 with New towns connecting road (4L) 10000 25000 25 3

Junction of NH-37 with New towns connecting road (4L - 8L) 10000 25000 25 4

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e) Cost Estimates of Construction and Improvement of Terminals

Sl.No Description Number Unit Cost

(Rs. Crores)

Total Cost (Rs. In Crores) Phasing

1 Freight

Integrated Frieght Complex at Wholesale Market Area 1 200 200 1,2,3,4

2 Passenger Terminals

Improvement of Bus Terminal for intercity public transport 1 5 5 1,2,3,4

Intra City Bus System (Buses & Other Infrastructure)

Construction of Nodal Terminals for intra city Bus Traffic 1 10 10 1

2 10 20 2

2 10 20 3

1 10 10 4

Construction of Sub-Nodal Bus Terminals for intra city traffic 2 5 10 1

3 5 15 2

3 5 15 3

2 5 10 4

Construction of Mini Terminals 6 1 6 1

8 1 8 2

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Sl.No Description Number Unit Cost

(Rs. Crores)

Total Cost (Rs. In Crores) Phasing

8 1 8 3

4 1 4 4

Bus Depots 3 5 15 1

3 5 15 2

3 5 15 4

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f) Cost Estimates of Junction Improvements

SL No. Description Proposed Measures Total Cost (Rs. In Lakhs) Phasing

1 Guwahati club junction Road widening, provision of medians, construction of traffic islands, foot path, railing, kerb stones, painting of kerb stones, road marking, signages, street lighting, signalling etc. 25 1,2,3,4

2 Deghali Pukhri Junction Road widening, provision of medians, construction of traffic islands, foot path, railing, kerb stones, painting of kerb stones, road marking, signages, street lighting, signalling etc. 25 1,2,3,4

3 Bharalu Junction Road widening, provision of medians, construction of traffic islands, foot path, railing, kerb stones, painting of kerb stones, road marking, signages, street lighting, signalling etc. 25 1,2,3,4

4 Paltan bazar flyover junction Road widening, provision of medians, construction of traffic islands, foot path, railing, kerb stones, painting of kerb stones, road marking, signages, street lighting, signalling etc. 25 1,2,3,4

5 Ganeshguri Junction Provison of medians, foot path, railing, kerb stones, road markings, signages, relocation of exising features, street lighting, Signalling etc. 25 1,2,3,4

6 Zoo Tiniali Junction Road widening, provision of medians, construction of traffic islands, foot path, railing, kerb stones, painting of kerb stones, road marking, signages, street lighting, signalling etc. 25 1,2,3,4

7 Kumarpara Junction Road Widening, provision of median, rotory, foot path, railing, laying and painting of kerb stones to footpath, median & islands, road markings, signages, relocation of electric poles & telephone poles street lighting etc.

15 1,2,3,4

8 Sarabpatti Junction Road Widening, provision of median, rotory, foot path, railing, laying and painting of kerb stones to footpath, median & islands, road markings, signages, relocation of electric poles & telephone poles street lighting etc.

15 1,2,3,4

9 Last gate Junction with GS Road Road widening, provision of medians, construction of traffic islands, foot path, railing, kerb stones, painting of kerb stones, road marking, signages, street lighting, signalling etc. 25 1,2,3,4

10 Hatigaon road junction Road Widening, provision of median, rotory, foot path, railing, laying and painting of kerb stones to footpath, median & islands, road markings, signages, relocation of electric poles & telephone poles street lighting etc.

15 1,2,3,4

11 Narengi circle Road Widening, provision of median, rotory, foot path, railing, laying and painting of kerb stones to footpath, median & islands, road markings, signages, relocation of electric poles & telephone poles street lighting etc.

25 1,2,3,4

12 Airport Junction Road widening, provision of medians, construction of traffic islands, foot path, railing, kerb stones, painting of kerb stones, road marking, signages, street lighting, signalling etc. 25 1,2,3,4

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Annex V Functions of Guwahati Integrated Transport Board

The functions of GITB shall be to –

1. Prepare Transport System Plan of the territory of Guwahati City Administration for a specified period of time being not more than twenty years from the date of preparation of the plan;

2. Prepare Transport System Management Plans, for a period of not more than five years for the district, or zone, or area, or corridor of the territory of Guwahati City Administration;

3. Mobilize resources for development of transport facilities and provision of transport services;

4. Ensure preparation of, and approve, Corporate Plans and Transport Service Plans by the subsidiary agencies and concerns engaged or to be engaged in the transport of passengers or goods by road or by urban rail or by light rail transit system or by high speed transit system or by bus, within, to and from the territory of Guwahati City Administration;

5. Ensure integrated planning, development and operation of transport system facilities and transport service;

6. Decide the need for and timing of new transport facilities or service provider;

7. Prescribe the terms and conditions of a license to a transport facility or service provider;

8. Provide finance, land and other resources, as loan or grant or equity, on terms and conditions prescribed, to transport facility or service provider;

9. Facilitate participation of private enterprise and flow of private resources for development of transport system facilities and provision of transport service through entering into agreements with the private person, or concern, or corporation, or company, on build-operate-transfer, build-own-operate-transfer, build-own-lease-transfer, and such other arrangements;

10. Formulate integrated fare policy for transport service;

11. Regulate arrangement amongst transport service providers for sharing their revenue derived from providing integrated transport service based on integrated fare structure and common ticket as prescribed by the Authority;

12. Coordinate the provision of transport facilities and operation of transport service by different providers of service;

13. Grant license with terms and conditions, to a person, or a concern, or a corporation, or a company, for provision of public transport passenger service within the territory of Guwahati City Administration;

14. Ensure compliance of terms and conditions of license;

15. Revocate license for non-compliance of terms and conditions of license;

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16. Facilitate competition and promote efficiency in the operation of passenger transport service so as to facilitate growth in such services;

17. Protect the interest of the users of the transport facilities or service and the general public of the territory of Guwahati City Administration;

18. Monitor the quality and standards of development and maintenance of transport system facilities;

19. Monitor the quality of service and conduct periodical survey of such service provided by the service providers;

20. Maintain register of agreements and of all such other matters as may be provided in the regulations;

21. Keep register maintained under clause (t) open for inspection to any member of public on payment of such fee and compliance of such other requirements as may be provided in the regulations;

22. Settle disputes amongst transport system facility developers, transport service providers, and between transport system facility developers and transport service providers;

23. Render advice to Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority in the matters relating to the development of urban

transport technology and any other matter relatable to urban transport industry in general;

24. Design and maintain Guwahati Transport Information System and arrange to publish salient features on a regular basis;

25. Levy fees and other charges at such rates and in respect of such facilities or services as may be determined by regulations;

26. Conduct, or secure conduct of, research and development of manpower;

27. Prescribe norms and standards of development of transport facilities in the territory of Guwahati City Administration;

28. Prescribe quality of transport service;

29. Prescribe safety standards in the use and operation of transport facilities or transport services;

30. Perform such other functions including such administrative and financial functions as may be entrusted to the Authority by the Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority or as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this act/regulation.

31. Any other.

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Annexure VI Drainage System in Guwahati

Topographical Feature of Guwahati Metropolitan Area The city of Guwahati extends along the Bank of Brahmaputra in a linear shape and is bounded by the river on the north and a series of hills along the remaining periphery, except for a portion in the west where a natural wetland, the Deepar Beel is situated. Inside this natural boundary the terrain consists of a bowl shaped valley which has a number of hills and a few beels (natural wetlands) interspersed randomly. Sola beel, Silsako beel and Deeper beel are the three notable wetlands. Natural Drainage Channel

Two rivulets run through the city of Guwahati both originating from the Southern Hill range of KJ hills of Meghalaya. The two rivulets, Bharalu (the upstream portion of which is called Bahini) and Basistha are the natural drainage channels for Guwahati Metropolitan Area. The Bharalu channel has its outfall in Brahmaputra and Basistha Channel flows to Deepar Beel through Mora Bharalu channel. Deepar Beel is connected with Brahmaputra by a stream known as Konna Jan. There is another stream named Bonda Jan in the east of the city connecting Silsakoo Beel with the river Brahmaputra. The Brahmaputra river bank in Guwahati is higher than most of the city areas. The average GL of the river bank is 51.3m whereas the average GL of the rest of the city, except hill and wet lands (Beel) is around 49m. But the HLF of Brahmaputra at the DC court is 51.37m as recorded in 1988. The water level of river remains above 49 m every year for a number of days during the seasons of heavy rain.

Therefore, gravity flow of storm water of the city into river cannot take place in those days and lot of pumping required during rainy season. Drainage Basins of GMA Guwahati Metropolitan Area has on the south a hill range known as KJ Hills, on the east isolated hilly areas, on the north river Brahmaputra and on the west low laying areas of Deepar Beel. Any rain on these hill slopes towards the Metropolitan area will create run off of considerable volume entering into GMA. So the storm on the nearby hills are also required to be considered for drainage plan of Guwahati. Considering the topographical features, the whole GMA area is divided into 6 (six) numbers of drainage basins which are ultimately drained into the river Brahmaputra either directly or through various drainage channels and reservoirs. These are (1) Silkaso Basin, (2) Bharalu Basin, (3) Foreshore Basin, (4) Deepar Basin, (5) Kalmoni Basin, (6) North Guwahati Basin.

The details of basins are given below :

Bharalu Basin: Bharalu river being the most flood prone and the

focal point of the entire Guwahati drainage system has a catchment area of 42 sq.km. It gets the top place in the drainage scheme. The unplanned developments have blocked the natural drainage pattern in this basin. The Basin is almost flat with several

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pockets of low-lying areas. During heavy rain, there is a back flow of water from Bharalu Channel also.

Deepar Basin: This is the largest single drainage basin located at

the southern most part of the Guwahati Metropolitan Area with an area of 20135 hectares, comprising 2/3 hilly areas and 1/3 plain areas. It is the largest existing drainage basin in Guwahati. River Basistha finally discharges into Deepar Beel. The basin is sub-divided into two sub-basins: Bijubari sub-basin and Deepar sub-basin.

Silkaso Basin: Silsako basin covers 6534 heactares in the east of Guwahati. The basin includes military area, refinery and the townships of various industrial establishments. All the areas are sloping towards the Silsako Beel and at present the Beel receives all the runoff from the whole basin. Silsako Beel is connected with Brahmaputra River through Bondajan River.

Foreshore Basin: The areas include main residential, commercial, institutional and business areas in Guwahati. Water logging takes place in some areas (Uzanbazar) as most areas are at a considerable height.

North Guwahati Basin: It has mostly hill ranges comprising the north and western boundary. Most of the area drains into the river to Brahmaputra either directly or through the river Ghorajan via Namalijalah Beel. This covers a total area of 32.3 sq.km.

Kalmoni Basin: The whole of the basin falls outside the Guwahati Metropolitan area. The major outlet River Kalmoni finds its way into the river Brahmaputra partly through Deepar Beel and the Khana River and partly through Thengbhanga Beel and the Khalbhog river. The total area occupied by the basin is 66.5 sq.km.

The drainage problem of GMA is to tackle “Basin wise”. It is recommended, if required flood water is to be diverted to another basin, if the capacity one basin is found inadequate.

Flooding in GMA

Problems of flooding in GMA is analysed here below: On the south bank of river Brahmaputra there are as many as five tributaries such as Bharalu, Mara Bharalu, Barapani, Khanajan and Bondaijan. Bharalu tributary flows through the alluvial depression of Guwahati Municipal Corporation area to meet at Bharalumukh. Bondajan in the east and Khanajan in the west both rivers originate from Silsako Beel and Deepar Beel respectively. Backflow of the water from the river Brahmaputra due to blockage in the drainage system through Bharalu, Khanajan and Bondajan cause floods frequently in every summer. More than 40 percent of its land surface is susceptible to flood damage, the total flood prone area in the Brahmaputra valley is 32 lakh hectares.1 Thus, the

1 Goswami Dulal C., Flood Forecasting in the Brahmaputra River, India: A Case Study, Department of Environmental Science, Guwahati University.

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natural reservoirs have diminished because of development and resulted in the submergence problem in the city.

The main causes of the flooding and water logging of GMA are

Natural Features of GMA

Topography of Guwahati is significantly undulating. Heavy seasonal rainfall. The number of rainy days in a year ranges

from 90 to 120 days. Around 80% of the rainfall occurs only in two months. This nature of rainfall is the main cause of water logging in the city. 2 Excessive silt carried by rain water during monsoon generally deposited in the bed of existing drainage channel reducing the containing capacity of the channel and creating the submergence problem.

Inadequate Drainage

Both the natural and artificial drains are not adequate or capable of carrying the storm water due to the rise in their bed and narrowness.

There is lack of maintenance of drainage channels, low lying areas (beels) and drains. Due to heavy siltation and dumping of garbage, the capacity of drains to discharge the strom water to main arteries and strom water reservoirs have been reduced to a great extent.

The filled up areas possess high seepage capacity because of lower compactness and saturate at a faster rate, therefore, do not allow the flow of flood water.

2 K.Alam, N.C.Das, A.K.Borah, Guwahati: The Gateway to the East, 2001

The original swamps and natural water reservoirs are filled up for the development purposes.

Rising of the ground water table with the rise of the Brahmaputra level saturates the entire plain area and reduces the rate of percolation.

Man-made damages and encroachments

• Cutting of hill slides for filling up the low lying areas and large scale defforestation are responsible for sheet wash, the blockage of channels, destruction of top soil and high rate of soil erosion on the exposed hill slopes which increases the amount of surface flow as well as suspendeded materials load and mud flow.

• Construction of buildings and roads over the man made drains are also responsible for the bottlenecking the drainage.

• Encroachment on natural drainage system of the city • Huge affluent of the Refinery passing through the city

Areas which faces acute problem of water logging are usually low-lying residential and commercial areas, which are as follows:

1. G.N.B. Road from Guwahati Club to Noonmati (except the New Guwahati area).

2. Guwahati College approach road. 3. Nabagraha road and its nearby areas. 4. Along the Kanwachal road, particularly the southern part.

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Basic Problem & Remedial Measures Lack of scope for gravity flow of flood water to the river Brahmaputra throughout the year is the basic problem of drainage of Guwahati. During floods the river water rises above the level at which gravity flow can take place through their the three outlets viz. Bharalu channel, Bonda Jan, Khona Jan where there are sluice gates for prevention of back flow. When the sluice gates are closed storm water is discharged by the set of pumps installed at Bharalu sluice gates. Sluice gates are closed for 30 days continuous period for sometimes. Thus during the seasons of heavy rain storm water discharge is dependent on pumping only. This is a very dangerous condition. Earlier Studies on the drainage of Guwahati

Various studies have so far done on it and several recommendations made from time to time. But it is observed that the proper coordination in formulation and execution of the scheme was not done and it was found that many components of the scheme were only partially completed. This has resulted only the shifting the drainage problem from one locality to another area as flow through connecting drain has improved without corresponding improvement of downstream channel flow. There was no proper conceptualization of the Guwahati Metropolitan Area Storm water drainage scheme based on scientific study of the present field condition, the CMPO report of 1971 being the only authentic base.

List of some major studies in this issue are given below :

a) A Master Plan for drainage, sewerage and water supply of

Guwahati Metropolitan Area was prepared by Assam Government in 1971 with the help of Calcutta Metropolitan Planning Organisation (CMPO).

b) The Master Plan for Drainage was revised in the year 1991 to

hold good for a period upto 2021. c) The Town and Country Planning Department undertook some

piecemeal measures for storm drainage and completed construction of drains including box drains of total length of 17 km from 1973-74 to 1996-97.

d) In 1998-99 the Town and Country Planning Department

prepared a Detailed Project Report (DPR) on Guwahati Metropolitan Area Storm Drainage Improvement Programme for assistance from HUDCO, on the basis of the revised version of the CMPO Master Plan.

e) The proposals contained in the project are not basically

different from the components of the GMASWD scheme under enquiry.

f) The implementation of the GMASWD scheme started with the

formation of coordination/technical committee on 04.11.99 i.e. only five months after PIB clearance from HUDCO loan. There was, thus, insufficient time for field study and scientific analysis.

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Existing Drainage Facilities The drainage of Guwahati Metropolitan area falling in the south bank of the Brahmaputra river is mainly through the river Bharalu and the river Basistha –Deepar Beel, the Khana river and through Silsako-Tapar Beel system. There are some low-lying water bodies, which are termed as “Beels” in local language, in Guwahati which act as temporary storm water retention reservoirs. The vast low-lying areas situated on the South-West portion of the Metropolitan area called the Deepar Beel receives discharge from the major part of Metropolitan area and ultimately discharges into the Brahmaputra river through the Khana river. On the eastern-most side another low-lying area namely Silsako Beel also receives considerable drainage and ultimately discharges into the river Brahmaputra. In the North Bank area mostly the discharge is either directly to the river Brahmaputra or through Ghorajan River into the river Brahmaputra. Necessity of the Drainage Project With the exception of a small area of the city where Town and Country Planning, Government of Assam has implemented drainage schemes, no where within the Guwahati Metropolitan Area any planned drainage system, is in existence. Though the Guwahati Municipal corporation area has got some roadside small drains which is not efficient enough to provide relief to the locality. Encroachment alongside the drains, inadequate section of the outfall channel, existence of low-lying ditches within the local drains pattern having inadequate banks result in frequent over-flooding of the adjoining areas due to inefficient carrying capacity. This stagnant feature seriously endangers the health and property of the

area. This is more so within the Corporation area where density of population is high and areas where buildings are constructed indiscriminately in low-lying areas often blocking the natural drainage courses.

The chronic water logging in different areas of the city during the monsoon create innumerable problems like disruption of traffic movement very often in many of the city’s main through fares apart from submergence of low-lying areas. About 80% of the city area is flooded during rainy season and many areas remain water logged for 3 to 4 months causing serious health hazard.

Since the Corporation area is not entirely covered by piped water supply system & the entire civil population has only individual septic tank (or without any sanitary provision), during monsoon due to lack of drainage system rain water overflows the settlements. This results in contamination of drinking water sources like tube wells, ring wells, etc. Thus the city population is always exposed to water born disease like diarrhea, dysentery, hepatitis, etc. and water logged areas become breeding grounds for mosquitoes leading occurrences of Malaria time to time. It is, therefore, felt that immediate arrangements should be made for construction of storm drains for efficient and quick removal of storm water from the populated areas of the city. Underground drains

The underground drains in the city carry wastewater from the

residences, commercial complexes, etc., throughout the year,

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though as per concept, the polluted wastewater should have gone

to a sewerage system for treatment. These drains are meant for the

storm water of the plots and lanes and by-lanes abutting on the

roads. 3

The flow of water through these drains is restricted due to silt deposit over the years causing flood in adjoining areas. The drains have ceased to function mainly because of the manholes which have been closed and blocked during the construction of the road. Some of these drains are located in the following areas:

Col.J.Ali Road AT Road Lachitnagar Road Hadeyetpur Road Ambari Road G.S. Road G. N. Bordoloi Road4

Encroachment on the Drainage System

Due to uncontrolled construction works, there have been encroachments in

3 http://www.axom.faithweb.com/flood/ 4 M.Bezborah, “Flood in Guwahati City, A preliminary study with remedial suggestions,” G.M.C.

the natural drainage system. Apart from that, there is garbage dumping which has resulted in blocking of natural drains.

Inadequate Drains

The drains of the city are grossly inadequate and insufficient. It is also observed that most of the drains are old and their levels in many cases are below the level of the River Bharalu. Since most of the drains fall on the upstream side of River Bharalu the level of which is higher than the level of the drains the outlet of the water is retarded by the difference in the levels.

Possible Solutions & Further Action

Bharalu Basin

The resectioning of the main drainage channel i.e. River Bharalu to increase the water flow

The trunk and major drains within the drainage basin tributary of the river Bharalu to be redesigned.

The sluice structure near Pragjyotishpur College to be abandoned as it is too small. A new sluice structure for the entire opening to be constructed at a point near K.R. Chowdhury Road upstream of the railway line.

Foreshore Basin which is sub-divided into three sub-basins

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The Sub-Basin 1 comprises the easternmost areas upto Kharguli. It includes the housing colony of the refinery. There is no problem of water logging during the rainy season in this area as they have storm water drainage system working satisfactorily.

The Sub-Basin 2 includes Kamakshya T.C., the Pandu Railway Colony, the University and the other adjacent areas. The area from Assam Trunk Road upto Bharalumukh is subjected to flooding. Thus, it is proposed to construct a proper size intercepting drain along the Northern berm of the Assam Trunk Road.

The Sub-Basin 3 covers the Municipal area lying along the river. For this area 5 special outfall structures with sluice control have been suggested.

Deepar Basin

Construction of main gate along the national highway from the diversion point to the Fatasil Road point where it enters deepar beel and construction of the new sluice on the Khana River for the proper flow and the river area has to be resectioned.

Silsako Basin

Silsako Beel area should be storage for storm water and it should be developed as a recreational area.5

5 http://www.axom.faithweb.com/flood/jun2.html

Other recommendations:

The encroachments on natural drainage system, which is the main reason for the blockage, should be stopped.

Existing manholes of drain are inadequate; more manholes and inlet are required for the quick disposal of silt and stagnated water. The size of the inlet holes and their position need to be redesigned.

Silt pit of proper size should be constructed in suitable areas and provision of periodical cleaning the silt pit should be done to avoid blockage in the drainage system.6

Effective garbage collection system (including domestic and other type of garbage) to be in place so that this does not block the drainage channels.7

Constructing Canal upto Kukurmara

At about 15 km downstream of Guwahati, however, the level of Brahmaputra, even at the time of high floods, is sufficiently lower to permit gravity flow of storm water from the city through Deepar Beel and a connecting canal to a discharge point at Kukurmara. This was once considered feasible and it is worth while to examine this possibility of natural means of storm water drainage. It is suggested that a canal may be built from the Konna much where Konna river falls on Brahmaputra)

6 K.Alam, N.C.Das, A.K.Borah, Guwahati: The Gateway to the East, 2001. 7 White Paper on Pollution in Guwahati with Action Points prepared by PCBA and SRDC.

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toward west parallel to the river upto Kukurmara where HFL of the river is lower than city level.

Taking into consideration the existing network of drains and channels and the potential for utilization of the topographical features suggest that remedial measures should be taken with the following objectives.

a) Augmentation of discharge and retention capacity of the existing

drainage system. b) Reduction of flow through Bharalu and Basistha channels by flow

diversion from their upstream portions. c) Utilisation of natural wetlands for storm water retention. d) Control of silting in drains and channels and their desilting.

It is also suggested that the remedial measures should be based on the concept of basin-wise drainage as elaborated in the CMPO report. Other Remedial Measures The following remedial measures are suggested for adoption after thorough planning and design based on elaborate survey of present field conditions.

1) A drainage system should be constructed for the Silsako basin with a drainage channel from Silsako Beel to Bonda Sluice. The capacity of the sluice gate should be increased and pumps should be installed for discharge of storm water when necessary.

2) Silsako Beel should be desilted to recover its retention capacity and further encroachment on the adjoining wetland area should be stopped. It was found that considerable reduction in retention capacity of the area had taken place due to dumping of garbage and earth filling by a number of organizations. Garbage dumping should be stopped and further earth filling should not be allowed except by excavation in the wetland area.

3) In order to reduce flow through Bharalu channel storm water

flow through Bahini stream should be diverted to Silsako basin drainage system by constructing a truck drain from Beltola Bazar.

4) Appropriate measures should be taken to prevent flow of

storm water from Silsako basin to Bharalu channel along the OIL pipeline corridor.

5) Storm water from Japorigog – Hengrabari area should be

diverted to Silsako basin by constructing a trunk drain along the Hengrabari-Narengi road.

6) The Bahini stream should be re-sectioned and provided with

walled banks after removal of encroachment.

7) The Hume pipe culvert on GS Road at Rukmini Gaon Bus Stoppage should be replaced by a bridge.

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8) Waterway under Zoo road (RGB road) bridge on Bharalu should be augmented and the water ways under the other bridges on Bharalu should be clared of encroachment and obstructions.

9) Water pipes and telephone cables obstructing flow under

bridges and through culverts at the various locations should be shifted.

10) The underground drains along S R Bora Path, constructed

under the scheme, should be directly connected to Bharalu channel.

11) The feasibility of diverting storm water from Silpukhuri-

Chenikuthi area to Brahmaputra by a trunk drain along the abandoned railway track (from Ambari to Uzan Bazar Railway Colony) should be examined.

12) The portion of the drain from Guwahati Railway station to

Sola Beel via the culvert near Nandan Hotel should be improved.

13) Sola Beel should be cleared of encroachment and desilted to

recover its retention capacity.

14) Resectioning of Mora Bharalu should be completed upto Deepar Beel.

15) Storm water flowing from Meghalaya through Basistha river

and from Koinadhara-Bakrapara area should be diverted to

Deepar Beel by constructing a canal along the southern side of NH bye-pass.

16) Hatigaon channel improvement work, taken up under the

scheme but not completed, should be completed upto Basistha channel.

17) The downstream portion of Basistha Channel beyond

Jyotikuchi-Dhopolia area should be completed upto Deepar Beel via Mora Bharalu.

18) The Khona Jan from Deepar Beel to Brahmaputra should be

improved, the capacity of the Khona Mukh sluice should be augmented and pumping facility should be provided at the sluice.

19) Deepar Beel should be cleared of encroachment and desilted

to recover its retention capacity.

20) Soil conservation and silt trapping measures should be adopted to control silting in drains and channels and there should be regular desilting operation for the entire drainage network.

21) The inflow and outflow in the Bharalu channel should be so

controlled by operating sluice gate & pumps that any time its water level is below the outlet of the subsidiary drains discharging in it.