THEORY DRIVEN DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR TECHNOLOGIES THAT SUPPORT BEHAVIOR CHANGE IN EVERYDAY LIFE

Presenter: Mahbubur Rahman

Sunny Consolvo, et al.

CHI 2009

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Introduction

People want to be fit and healthy Physical inactivity and poor eating

habits lead to serious health problems Technologies help people change their

lifestyle to adopt healthy behaviors Persuasive technology

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Research Question Use concepts from behavioral and

social psychological theories

Shape an understanding of how to design technology to support behavior change While supporting fundamental social

needs.

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Research Goals Propose design strategies for

persuasive technologies that specifically account for the

individual’s social world

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Behavior Change Theory Goal-Setting Theory

How individual responds to different types of goals

Goals should be challenging, but realistic

It should be easy to monitor progress

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Behavior Change Theory Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM)

Precontemplation – no intention to change

Contemplation – seriously considering change

Preparation – intend to take action Action – performed desired behaviors Maintenance – consistently performed

the desired behaviors for 6+ months

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Design Strategies (Persuasive Technology)

Abstract and Reflective Unobtrusive Public Aesthetic Positive Controllable Historical Comprehensive

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User StudiesValidate design strategy by iterative studies

1.Survey

2.3-week field study

3.3-months field study

Three study conditions:

1.Full system

2.No garden

3.No MSP

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Key Results Abstract & Reflective

Wall paper of the phone is an abstraction of reflection. Thought about activities and commitment more than

usual Unobtrusive and Public

No user refrained from using it in public Participants sometimes took of MSP to avoid

distraction

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Key Results Aesthetic

Garden display was motivating and attractive Receiving flowers and butterflies means goal

achieved Positive

Flowers are positive representation of activity Gentle reminder without punishment

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Key Results Controllable

Essential that participants can actively control the data Correct mistakes of MSP

Trending / Historical Trend over three months

Comprehensive 1853 activities performed in 3-month study 35-40% of them automatically inferred by MSP

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Summary This work explores design strategies for

persuasive technology Two specific contributions

Proposed a set of design strategies for behavior change

Implemented design strategies to motivate physical activity

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Critique of work Short term study to draw a conclusion

about behavior change theory It does not show timelines – therefore to

reflect on triggers (for stress monitoring) might be difficult

Controllable – not everyone is trustable

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