UNIT 301/304/305Manage infectious conditions.

SPOT THE PROBLEM….. Write down as many infection control

and cross infection issues as possible

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Csr8ATepxDM

DID YOU KNOW……

Hep B- 1 in 3 contraction rate and can live up to 4 days in a blood spillage.

HIV- 1 in 80

Hep C- 1 in 30

MANUAL SCRUB

Meets “essential requirements” Two sinks – scrubbing – rinsing Water mixed with detergent or enzyme

solution Heavy duty gloves must be worn Water temperature <45 °C Nylon long handled brush Below the level of the water

DISINFECTION

Uses ultra sonic frequency to remove debris from instruments immersed into the bath.

This can replace manual scrubbing methods

Uses detergents and enzyme solution

Not suitable for hand-pieces

Ultra Sonic Bath

PROTEIN RESIDUE TEST

WASHER DISINFECTOR

5 cycle stages of cleaning and disinfection

Flush

Wash

Drying Rinse

Thermal disinfection

Flush Initial pressure surge to remove heavy, gross and

liquid debris. Must be below 45 °C to preventing protein binding

WashDetergent and/or disinfectant with water to remove

further debris. Chemical and mechanical actions remove the debris.

RinseUsing mains water or reverse osmosis water to remove

chemical wash solutions

Thermal DisinfectionPre-set temperature used to disinfect further

DryingHeated air to removal residual moisture to prevent

recolonisation

test 6 monthly

Automatic control test

Ensure cycle parameters are achieved

Chemical dosing

Ensure chemicals are released into the chamber

ThermometricDisinfectiontest

Heavily soiled load, ensure optimal temperatures are achieved

STERILISATIONDefinition: To kill micro-organisms: bacteria,

fungi, spores and viruses

sterilisation

cold

wetdry

disinfectants

industrial

Hot

moist

Steam

VacuumChlorhexidine, sodium hypochlorite, mikrozid, gigasept

gamma

AUTOCLAVE“N” typeSteam

AUTOCLAVE“B” typeVacuum

IN YOUR GROUPS……

Identify the process of an autoclave and how it completes a successful sterilisation process.

Once you have completed this then identify the methods used to maintain and test the autoclave

Your group will be given a type of autoclave to research

HTM 01-05 Section 4.2: "Saturated steam under pressure delivered at the highest temperature compatible with the product is the preferred method for the sterilisation of most instruments used in the clinical setting."

HTM 01-05 Section 4.2: "Saturated steam under pressure delivered at the highest temperature compatible with the product is the preferred method for the sterilisation of most instruments used in the clinical setting."

STEAM STERALISATION

Kills all bacteria, spores, fungi and viruses. Steam is produced in an autoclave Temperature of 134oC for at least 3 mins. 2.2 bar pressure Autoclave performance can be checked by indicator

strips. Suitable for all metal instruments, burs, rubber and

most plastics, NOT swabs, cotton wool and paper points.

AUTOCLAVE

Kills all known micro organisms, spores and viruses.

Suitable for most dental instruments. Sterilising time 3 minutes at 1340c. Complete cycle last 15 minutes. Cannot open the door during the cycle.

VACUUM AUTOCLAVE Earliest models of autoclaves were

unsuitable for wrapped or pouched articles and instruments were not dry at the end of the cycle.

Vacuum autoclaves allow packaged contents to be transferred dry for the autoclave.

Uses 134°C for 3 min at 2.25 bar pressure Suitable for hollow lumens, eg handpiece Air is removed from the chamber

AUTOCLAVE Disadvantages in general Can cause rust. Not suitable for plastic instruments. Not suitable for instrument with narrow

lumen

AUTOCLAVE Maintenance Water should be drained from reservoir

daily Daily test to be carried out on visually the

first cycle Weekly inspection of the door seal and

safety device. Annual test of operation by authorised

person. Periodic examination by authorised

organisation to ensure that it conforms to PSSR

Surgery insurance policy.

INDUSTRIAL STERILISATION Gamma radiation Suitable for sterilising pre-packed goods

for medical use i.e. dental needles, swabs, cotton wool rolls

Kills all bacteria, fungi, spores and viruses.

KILLS ALL LIVING MICRO-ORGANISMS

DISINFECTANTS

In your groups research the types of disinfectants. The advantages and disadvantages, and when you would use these disinfectants

Blue group – bleach based cleaners

Yellow- aldehyde based cleaners

Red- Chlorhexidine glucanate

Green- Isoprophyl alcohol wipe

DISINFECTANT

Chemicals called disinfectants which kill or prevent the growth of a variety of microbes.

Chlorhexidine (Hibitane)

Sodium hypochlorite (Milton, domestic bleaches) Most disinfectants do not kill spores and some are unreliable against viruses

RULES! Used in strict accordance with the

manufacturers instructions, prepared to the correct strength, used for the correct period of time and not kept beyond their active or expiry date.

Hypochlorite is effective against spores, hepatitis B and AIDS virus.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePd414wYkew

What is your Practice Policy regarding storage of sterilised instruments?

Condition Duration

WrappedBaggedSealed

1 year from expiry dateInitialled, date of autoclave, date of expiry

UnwrappedIn clinical area

1 day

Unwrapped in clean area

1 week

YOUR OWN DECON ROOMYou have been given the job role of

“Infection Control Supervisor”For a new purpose built dental practice.Your task is to create a floor plan for a decontamination area.You will be given either “essential requirement”“best practice”Utilise the HTM01-05 to assist with this task

HTM 01-05 requests that transport boxes are used, the attributes of which need to be:• Rigid• Lidded• Leak proof• Easily cleanable• Capable of being closed securely