© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
Energy Solutions Company, Hitachi, Ltd.
July 2015
Los Alamos Smart Grid Demonstration Project Overview and Energy Storage Solution
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
1. Hitachi’s Role in New Mexico Smart Grid Demonstration Project
2. Demonstration using Installed Systems
Contents
1
3. Energy Storage Solution
4. Conclusion
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
1-1. Hitachi’s Systems in the Demonstration Project
2 Source: Smart Community Los Alamos County
500kVA PV-PCS x 1 unit
Installation of Photovoltaic PCS
500kVA Batt-PCS x 2 units
Installation of Battery PCS
40ft container ×4 LL1500-W
Installation of Long Life Lead Acid Battery
Cells:768 cells Capacity : 2.3MWh Charge/Discharge rate: 0.2C/0.4C Expected Life: 17 years
Output:500kVA Efficiency: >96%
PCS:Power Conditioning System
Output:500kVA Efficiency: >96%
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
1-2. Arrangement of System Installation in Los Alamos Site
3
Creation of One Line Diagram for System Installation
Arrangement of Shipping
Creation of “Scope of Work”
Scope Of Work, NEDO NM Project L
Battery Site
No Category Item No(1 LineDiagram)
OriginalDesign
Made By1 Design & Drawing Single Line Diagram (total) NA
2 Single Line Diagram (individual) Primary (13.2kV) & Step-UpTransformer ①⑥ NA
3 b/w Step-Up Transformer for NaS &PCS for NaS ② NGK
4 b/w PCS for NaS & NaS Battery ③ NGK
5 b/w Step-Up Transformer for LeadAcid & PCS for Lead Acid ④ HTC
6 b/w PCS for Lead Acid & Lead AcidBattery ⑤ HTC
7 Workspace Broundary including Leveling NA8 Concrete Pad Layout (total) AS9 Concrete Pad Layout (individual) VISTA LAC10 (=Foundation) Step-Up Transformer for NaS S&C11 Step-Up Transformer for Lead Acid LAC12 NaS Battery S&C
Blue: Confirmed
*Pink: Need to Decide
Scope Of Work, NEDO NM Project L
Battery Site
No Category Item No(1 LineDiagram)
OriginalDesign
Made By1 Design & Drawing Single Line Diagram (total) NA
2 Single Line Diagram (individual) Primary (13.2kV) & Step-UpTransformer ①⑥ NA
3 b/w Step-Up Transformer for NaS &PCS for NaS ② NGK
4 b/w PCS for NaS & NaS Battery ③ NGK
5 b/w Step-Up Transformer for LeadAcid & PCS for Lead Acid ④ HTC
6 b/w PCS for Lead Acid & Lead AcidBattery ⑤ HTC
7 Workspace Broundary including Leveling NA8 Concrete Pad Layout (total) AS9 Concrete Pad Layout (individual) VISTA LAC10 (=Foundation) Step-Up Transformer for NaS S&C11 Step-Up Transformer for Lead Acid LAC12 NaS Battery S&C
Blue: Confirmed
*Pink: Need to Decide
Hitachi created Scope of Work for both U.S and Japanese portion
Hitachi arranged shipping of Japanese companies’ equipment
Hitachi created one line diagram for whole systems including U.S portion.
Arrangement of U.S approval diagram in Los Alamos site based on one line diagram.
Source: Smart Community Los Alamos County
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
1-3. Demonstration and Collective Research
4 Source: Smart Community Los Alamos County
500kVA PV-PCS x 1 unit 500kVA Batt-PCS x 2 units
40ft container ×4 LL1500-W
Demonstration using Installed Systems Demonstration of restraining voltage change caused by PV output fluctuation and reducing the system harmonics voltage distortion from PCS
Installation of Battery PCS Installation of Photovoltaic PCS
Installation of Long Life Lead Acid Battery
Collective Research based on the Actual Data Research and evaluate the correlation between energy storage system capacity and PV output fluctuation mitigation effect
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
2-1. Demonstration Objectives
5
Connecting large amount of distributed generators to power grid
Problem 1 The output of renewable depends on the weather condition and causes voltage change
Problem 2 The power grid quality decreases by the harmonics electric current from distributed generators
PV-PCS※ Grid Voltage Stabilizer PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing
Demonstrate the effect of system functions in U.S power grid
※Battery-PCS has the same functions with PV-PCS. The demonstration was done by using PV-PCS to compare the result with the project in Japan that demonstrated the effect of PV-PCS.
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
2-2. PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer
6
Output optimal reactive power from PCS to suppress voltage fluctuation (Optimal Power Factor Operation) Auto tuning of the power factor to suppress the voltage fluctuation depend on the output power fluctuation.
Normal Operation
t
Auto Tuning Of Power Factor
Vs
Solar Radiation Change
Suppress the voltage fluctuation caused by solar radiation change
[Technology to realize the function] Estimate the grid condition from the PCS output power fluctuation (ΔP ) and the voltage fluctuation. And tune optimal PCS power factor automatically. [Power Factor Auto Tuning Function]
PCS Interconnection
Vs
Vo
Impedance R + j・X
Output P + j・Q
Output reactive power Q in proportion to active power P Vs = Vo + {P・R –(α・P )X}/Vo
Auto tune parameter α
Q
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
2-3. PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing
7
Connecting large amount of distributed generators to power grid
[Technology to realize the function] Control AC output current to become sine wave by high-speed current control. Detect harmonic voltage included in power grid voltage and suppress AC output current harmonics by adjusting inverter output voltage.
The power grid quality decreases by the harmonics electric current
from distributed generators
Suppress AC output current harmonics caused by power grid voltage harmonics
(Suppress harmonics below the guide line value)
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved. 8
■Demonstration Result of PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer
Demonstration Result
Active Power
Reactive Power Line Voltage
Tuning
PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer
Other PV-PCS (600kW total)
Watt Meter 1 ・Active Power ・Reactive Power ・Line Voltage (3 phases)
Data in PCS Watt Meter 2 ・DC voltage
Commercial grid (13.2kV) 6.4%@10MVA
Transformer 1500kVA (31.2kV/480V) %Z=5.75%
Amorphous Transformer 500kVA (480V/480V) %Z=3.39%
500kVA-PV-PCS
PV module
Time
Time
Act
ive
pow
er(k
W) /
R
eact
ive
Pow
er(k
Var)
AC V
olta
ge(V
)
ΔV/
ΔP
α
2-4. Result of PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer (1)
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
2-4. Result of PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer(2)
9
■Result
1. The effect of PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer was confirmed in U.S power grid 2. The voltage fluctuation caused by PV was mitigated to below 2% by PCS without having a bad influence
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
0.0%0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%4.5%5.0%
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39
0.0%0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%4.5%5.0%
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39
2-5. The Result of PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing
10
Content rate of harmonic current and harmonic voltage when PCS is not in operation
Harmonic current 100%=601A
Current RMS 0.0A
Harmonic voltage 100%=480V
(voltage RMS 497.9V)
Rated capacity 500kVA Rated DC voltage 400V Rated AC voltage 480V Power factor over 0.95
Measured power - Measured DC voltage - Measured AC voltage 498V Measured Power factor -
Phase U Phase V Phase W
IEE-519 ISC/IL <20 Target
3 phases average
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
2-6. The Result of PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing
11
Content rate of harmonic current and harmonic voltage when PCS is in operation
0.0%0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%4.5%5.0%
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39
0.0%0.5%1.0%1.5%2.0%2.5%3.0%3.5%4.0%4.5%5.0%
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39
3 phases average
Rated capacity 500kVA Rated DC voltage 400V Rated AC voltage 480V Power factor over 0.95
Measured power 106kW Measured DC voltage 361V Measured AC voltage 498V Measured Power factor 0.965
Phase U Phase V Phase W
IEE-519 ISC/IL <20 Target
Harmonic current 100%=601A
Current RMS 127.6A
Harmonic voltage 100%=480V
(voltage RMS 497.9V)
Harmonic Voltage when PCS is not in operation = Harmonic Voltage when PCS is in operation ⇒ Harmonic suppressed (If harmonic is not suppressed, harmonic voltage when PCS is in operation is larger than harmonic voltage when PCS is not in operation)
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
3. Energy Storage Solution
12
PCS room
Power storage battery room
(PCS:Power Conditioning System)
Item Specifications
System output ±1 MW
PCS 500 kW × 2 units
Battery 450-kWh lithium ion battery
Standard PCS UL 1741
Expected life System: 15 years or longer Battery: 10 years or longer
Cooling system Air cooling
Size 40 ft-class container
"CrystEna" is a registered trademark of Hitachi, Ltd.
• High-speed-response Lithium Ion batteries are used to adjust the frequency. • All-in-one package including a battery, PCS, control device, and air-
conditioning facilities reduces the installation period and construction cost. • System capacity can be increased easily by increasing the number of
containers. • The control software and battery configuration can be changed to suit other
applications such as peak shift.
12 © Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
4. Conclusion
13
New Mexico Smart Grid Demonstration Project It is confirmed that PV-PCS Grid Voltage Stabilizer restrained voltage fluctuation in U.S power grid and PV-PCS Harmonic Current Suppressing suppressed harmonics in power grid harmonics in power grid Hitachi’s Energy Storage Solution Hitachi has developed “1MW Lithium-Ion all-in-one Package Energy Storage System” for frequency regulation market and will try to promote in the world.
Hitachi seeks to maximize the capabilities of the technologies required to ensure stable electric power systems based on the experience of New Mexico Smart Grid Demonstration Project
© Hitachi, Ltd. 2015. All rights reserved.
Los Alamos Smart Grid Demonstration Project Overview and Energy Storage Solution
July 2015
END
Energy Solutions Company, Hitachi, Ltd.
14
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