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Linac4 Status
M. Vretenar, 30.10.2008
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PS2 - SPS
PS
PSB
Future SPL
Transfer line to Linac2
Linac4
Linac4 on the CERN site
Linac4 will be built at the place of the “Mount Citron”, a small hill made in the 50’s from the excavation materials of the PS.
Position and orientation allow a future extension to the SPL.
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Linac4 Groundbreaking
16 October 2008, Linac4 Groundbreaking by CERN Director, R. Aymar
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Linac4 Groundbreaking
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Linac4 Groundbreaking – The team
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Linac4 – Milestones
June 2007: approval of the project by the CERN Council. January 2008: official project start (budget available).
May 2007: Defined linac position and type of tunnel, start pre-integration. November 2007 – April 2008: Preparation of CE tendering drawings. May 2008: CE Tendering September 2008: Contract attribution. 22 October 2008: Start Civil Engineering works.
December 2010: Tunnel and Hall delivery.
December 2011: Move Front-End to the linac tunnel.January 2012: Start installation of DTL, CCDTL, PIMS.February 2012: Front-end re-commissioning.May-October 2012: DTL, CCDTL, PIMS commissioning.
November 2012: Transfer line commissioning, start PS Booster modifications.March 2013: Start of PS Booster commissioning with Linac4 beam.June 15th, 2013: Start physics run with Linac4 beam.
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Linac4 Parameters
Structures and klystrons dimensioned for 50 Hz Power supplies and electronics dimensioned for 2 Hz, 1.2 ms pulse.
Re-use 352 MHz LEP RF components: klystrons, waveguides, circulators.
Ion species H−Output Energy 160 MeVBunch Frequency 352.2 MHzMax. Rep. Rate 2 HzMax. Beam Pulse Length 1.2 msMax. Beam Duty Cycle 0.24 %Chopper Beam-on Factor 65 %Chopping scheme:
222 transmitted /133 empty bucketsSource current 80 mARFQ output current 70 mALinac pulse current 40 mAN. particles per pulse 1.0 × 1014
Transverse emittance 0.4 mm mrad
Max. rep. rate for accelerating structures 50 Hz
H− particles + higher injection energy (160/50 MeV, factor 2 in 2) same tune shift in PSB with twice the intensity.
Chopping at low energy to reduce beam loss at PSB.
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Linac4 Layout
CCDTL PIMS
3MeV
50MeV 94MeV 160MeV
Drift TubeLinac
352 MHz18.7 m3 tanks3 klystrons4 MW111 PMQs
Pi-Mode Structure
352 MHz22 m12 tanks8 klystrons~12 MW12 EMQuads
Cell-Coupled Drift TubeLinac352 MHz25 m21 tanks7 klystrons6.5 MW21 EMQuads
Beam Duty cycle:0.24% phase 1 (LP-SPL)<6% phase 2 (HP-SPL)
4 different structures, (RFQ, DTL, CCDTL, PIMS)
Total Linac4: 80 m, 18 klystrons
Ion current: 40 mA (avg. in pulse), 65 mA (bunch)
CHOPPERRFQ
Chopper
352 MHz3.6 m11 EMquad3 cavities
Radio FrequencyQuadrupole(IPHI)352 MHz6 m1 Klystron1 MW
H-
3MeV45keV
RF volumesource
DTL
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The 3 MeV Test Stand
In construction in the South Hall extension.
- H- source (2008) - LEBT (2008-09)- RFQ (February 2010)- Chopper line (2008)- Diagnostics line (2010)- Infrastructure (1 LEP Klystron, pulsed modulator, etc.) - ready
In the front end are concentrated some of the most challenging technologies in linacs, and this is where the beam quality is generated.
Early understanding and optimisation of front-end is fundamental for a linac project.
klystronmodulator
sourceRFQchopper line
diagnostics line
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The RFQ
Original idea:Use the RFQ being built in France for the
IPHI project, after the tests at Saclay.
However,1. This RFQ is now late by >2 years.2. Problems (microleaks) on 1st
segment.3. The design parameters (95 kV
injection energy, length 6 m) are not optimum for Linac4.
Conclusion:Decision (summer 07) to build a new
CERN RFQ optimised for Linac4:45 kV injection, 3 m length.
a. CERN+CEA beam dynamics and RF design,
b. CERN mechanical design, based on INFN and CEA designs (TRASCO and IPHI).
c. Construction and brazing in the CERN Workshops.
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Linac4 accelerating structures
Linac4 accelerates H- ions up to 160 MeV energy:
in about 80 m length
using 4 different accelerating structures, all at 352 MHz
the Radio-Frequency power is produced by 19 klystrons
focusing of the beam is provided by 111 Permanent Magnet Quadrupoles and 33 Electromagnetic Quadrupoles
PIMS
A 70 m long transfer line connects to the existing line Linac2 - PS Booster
RFQ DTL CCDTL PIMS Output energy 3 50 102 160 MeV Frequency 352 352 352 352 MHz No. of resonators 1 3 7 12 Gradient E0 - 3.2 2.8-3.9 4.0 MV/m Max. field 1.95 1.6 1.7 1.8 Kilp. RF power 0.5 4.7 6.4 11.9 MW No. of klystrons 1 1+2 7 4+4 Length 6 18.7 25.2 21.5 m
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Linac4 accelerating structures
DTL CCDTL PIMS
7-cell cavities in -mode. With respect to the SCL, the PIMS : has 5 times less cells (less machining time and cost). needs about the same quantity of copper. allows a simpler tuning (7 cells instead of >100, dummy tuners). allows standardisation of the Linac4 frequency to 352 MHz. has only about 12% less shunt impedance.
Conventional DTL structure with: PMQs in vacuum inside drift tube. no drift tube adjustment after installation.
Modules of 3 SDTL-type cavities with 2 drift tubes, coupled by 2 coupling cells.
Easy access and alignment of electromagnetic quadrupoles. Relaxed tolerances on drift tube alignment.
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Accelerating structures: gradients, peak fields, margins on RF power
Optimum gradient in the different structures determined by cost considerations.
For calculations, structure cost 180-250 kCHF/m, RF cost 450-650 kCHF/W
Maximum surface field limited to 1.8 Kilpatrick (considered as safe enough for a pulsed machine)
Maximum cavity power (copper, beam) 1 MW for klystrons (LEP) giving 1.2-1.3 MW
(~20% margin for regulation and losses in waveguides)
20% margin from theoretical Q-value for additional losses in cavities
Optimum E0 (LEP klystron)
Optimum E0 (pulsed klystron)
Optimum E0
(10 yrs. op.) Design E0 Max. field
(Kilpatr.) DTL 5.9 MV/m 5.1 MV/m 4.3 MV/m 3.2 MV/m 1.6 CCDTL 4.2 MV/m 3.7 MV/m 3.1 MV/m 3.5 MV/m 1.7 SCL - 3.8 MV/m 3.3 MV/m 4 MV/m 1.2 PIMS - 3.1 MV/m 2.7 MV/m 3.9 MV/m 1.8
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The Linac4 RF system
RFQ DTL CCDTL PIMS3 MeV 50 MeV 100 MeV 160 MeV
1.3 MW klystron (LEP, CW)
2.5 MW klystron (pulsed)
Modulator for 1.3 MW RF
Modulator for 2.5 MW RF
Initial configuration: 13 klystrons 1.3 MW, 6 klystrons 2.5 MW, 3 modulators 1.3 MW, 11 modulators 2.5 MW
RFQ DTL CCDTL PIMS3 MeV 50 MeV 100 MeV 160 MeV
Final configuration (at the end of the stock of LEP klystrons):
3 klystrons 1.3 MW, 11 klystrons 2.5 MW, 3 modulators 1.3 MW, 11 modulators 2.5 MW
Linac4 will reuse the stock of high-power klystrons coming from the old LEP accelerator:
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Linac4 civil engineering
Linac4 tunnel
Linac4-Linac2 transfer line
Equipment building
Access building
Low-energy injector
ground level
Pre-integration May – October 2007Tendering drawings November 2007 – April 2008Tendering May 2008, Contract to FC September 2008.
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Linac4 Work Breakdown Structure
2. LinacSystems
3. BoosterSystems
4. Installationcommiss.
5. Building,Infrastruct.
2.1 Ion Source and LEBT, R. Scrivens, AB/ABP
2.2 Radio Frequency Quadrupole
2.3 Chopper Line, A. Lombardi, AB/ABP
2.4 Accelerating Structures, F. Gerigk, AB/RF
2.5 Linac Beam Dynamics, A. Lombardi, AB/ABP
2.7 Beam Instrumentation, U. Raich, AB/BI
2.6 Radio Frequency Systems
2.8 Transfer Line, S. Maury, AB/ABP
2.9 Magnets
2.10 Power Converters, C. De Almeida, AB/PO
2.11 Vacuum Systems, G. Vandoni, AT/VAC
2.12 Control Systems, J. Serrano, AB/CO
3.1 Booster Injection Mod., W. Weterings, AB/BT
3.2 PSB Beam Dynamics, C. Carli, AB/ABP
4.1 Test Stand Operation, C. Rossi, AB/RF
5.1 Building Design, Construction, N. Lopez, TS/CE
5.2 Cooling and Ventilation, Y. Body, TS/CV
5.3 Electrical Systems, J. Pierlot, TS/EL
5.4 Access Systems, D. Chapuis, TS/CSE
4.2 Transport and Installation, S. Prodon, TS/IC
4.3 Survey, M. Jones, TS/SU
4.4 Linac Commissioning, A. Lombardi, AB/ABP
4.5 PS Booster Commissioning
LINAC4
2.6.2 High Power RF Systems, O. Brunner, AB/RF
2.6.1 Low Level RF Systems, P. Baudrenghien, AB/RF
2.6.3 Slow Tuning and Interlocks, L..Arnaudon, AB/RF
2.6.4 Tube Amplifiers, J. Broere, AB/RF
2.9.2 Magnetic Measurements, M. Buzio, AT/MEI
2.9.1 Magnet Design and Procurement, T. Zickler, AT/MCS
2.9.2 RFQ Mech. design, Fabrication, S. Mathot,TS/MME
2.2.1 RFQ Funct. design, Commissioning, C. Rossi, AB/RF
4.5.2 PSB Commissioning to ultimate, C. Carli, AB/ABP
4.5.1 PSB Commissioning to nominal, K..Hanke, AB/OP
1. Management, M. Vretenar + core team
2.13 Beam Intercepting devices, Y. Kadi, AB/ATB
LINAC4 WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE
15.04.2008
Total of 30 Workpackages
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Linac4 Master Plan
End CE works: December 2010
Installation: 2011
Linac commissioning:
2012
Modifications PSB: shut-down 2012/13 (7.5 months)
Beam from PSB: 15.6.2013
White Paper
Task Name
Linac4 project start
Linac systems
Source and LEBT construction, test
Drawings, material procurement
RFQ construction, test
Accelerating structures construction
RF equipment procurement
Transfer l ine construction
Magnets design and procurement
Power converters procurement
Building and infrastructure
Building design and construction
Infrastructure instal lation
PS Booster systems
PSB injection elements construction
Installation and commissioning
Test stand operation (3 MeV)
Acc. structures testing, conditioning
Cabling, waveguides installation
Accelerator instal lation
Equipment installation
Hardware tests
Front-end commissioning
Linac accelerator commissioning
Transfer l ine commissioning
PSB modifications
PSB commissioning with Linac4
Start physics run w ith Linac4
01/01
15/06
Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q12007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
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Installation and commissioning
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Linac4 Budget
Linac Systems 47.3 MCHF 50.9%Booster Injection Upgrade 10.1 MCHF 10.9%Installation, Commissioning 2.3 MCHF 2.5%Building, Infrastructure 33.3 MCHF 35.8%
TOTAL LINAC4 93 MCHF
Project Management
Front End
Accelerating Structures
Radio Frequency
Beam Instrumentation
Magnets
Power Converters
Controls
Transfer Line
Vacuum
Booster Injection Upgrade
Installation, Commissioning
Building, Infrastructure
Does not include: chopper line (built in HIPPI) 13 klystrons + waveguides from LEP
Budget is covered by White Paper funding (55 MCHF)CERN budget for 2011-12 (38 MCHF)
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Linac4 Status (10/2008)
o Civil Engineering works started 22.10.2008, delivery of building end 2010.o Safety File submitted to CERN Safety Commission, June 2008. Building
approved.
o Ion source almost completed, first beam tests end 2008.o 3 MeV Test Stand infrastructure completed.o Prototype modulator tested with LEP klystron in pulsed mode.o Prototypes of accelerating structures tested (CCDTL), in construction (DTL),
in final design stage (PIMS). Material being ordered, construction of DTL and CCDTL will start in 2009.
o Started preparation for large contracts (klystrons, modulators, magnets,…).
o Detailed descriptions of Workpackages in preparation, project baseline will be frozen at end 2008.
o Advanced negotiations for in-kind contributions with France, Russia (via the ISTC Organisation), Poland, Spain (via ESS-Bilbao), India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia.
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