Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Healthy Diet and Lifestyle in HIV
Emma Lissaman
Senior Dietician
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic ServiceBackground
• In the past HIV was related to weight
• HIV is now a manageable condition
• A healthy lifestyle can promote a long, healthy life
• Important to eat healthily to avoid age related illness
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Importance of healthy lifestyles
Unhealthy lives lead to risk of disease: •Cancer•Heart disease•Diabetes •Osteoporosis / Brittle bones
Risk factors for developing these conditions:•Obesity•High fat diets•Smoking•Excess alcohol•Lack of physical activity
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Affect of HIV medication on lifestyle
Medication is vital in the management of HIVA healthy diet can help to:•Keep cholesterol low which will risk of heart disease
•Manage the use of sugar in the body which will diabetes risk
•Help fat intake which will heart disease and diabetes risk
•Keep bones healthy with a good intake of calcium and vitamin D containing foods
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Benefits of good nutrition
risk of obesity, heart disease, diabetes, cancer and osteoporosis
• Improved immune function
incidence of HIV complications and progression of disease
• Improved mental and physical health
• Helps with how well the medication works
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Maintaining a healthy weight
• Important to be a healthy weight to reduce disease progression
• Have a healthy, balanced diet to the risk of illness
physical activity to 30-60mins moderate activity/day
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Physical Activity
• To maintain a healthy weight it is recommended to do 30 minutes activity 5 days a week
• If you are trying to lose weight then it is recommended to do 60 minutes 5 days a week
• The activity should be at a moderate level – anything that makes you breathless enough to talk but not sing!
• Helps you to keep your heart healthy and weight under control as well as releasing ‘feel good’ hormones!
• What could Bill do to keep active?
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic ServiceHealthy Eating
Activity: Separate the food models in food groups
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Tips for eating well
• Base meals around starchy foods
intake of fruit and veg
• Have regular meals (also important for medication)
• Have a breakfast everyday
• Drink plenty of water
• Cut down on fat
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic ServiceBreak
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
• 3 Types of fat:
• Saturated
• Polyunsaturated
• Monounsaturated
• All fat is high in calories, therefore ↓ total amount of all types if overweight.
• Cholesterol levels are linked to the type of fat eaten
• Good cholesterol helps to keep the heart healthy
• Bad cholesterol can block the blood vessels and lead to heart disease
Fats
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Saturated Fat
bad cholesterol and weight = risk of heart disease
Found in: • Animal products e.g.: cheese, meat, butter and cream
• Cakes, pastry and biscuits
Aim to as much as possible < 20% total daily intake
• Try using unsaturated fats instead
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Unsaturated fat Polyunsaturated fats:
• both good and bad cholesterol
•Found in sunflower, corn and groundnut oil, soya spreads oily fish and nuts
•Good to include some in the diet
Monounsaturated fats:
• bad cholesterol and good cholesterol
•Found in olive oil, rapeseed oil (vegetable oil), avocado and olive spreads
•The best type of fat to have
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Activity: Separate fat types into groups from food packages
Fats
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
How to reduce fat intake• Cooking methods e.g. grill rather than fry
• Swap full fat dairy for low fat options
• Trim excess fat and skin from meat
• Limit fast food and processed food intake
• Choose low fat snacks
• Fill up on high fibre foods
• Increase fruit and vegetable intake
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Food Labelling
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Meals on a budget• Economy branded foods
• Special offers: ‘bogof’
• Seasonal produce
• Buy in bulk
• Reduced price items
• Frozen foods
• Bulk up meals with vegetables
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Bill’s barriers to a healthy lifestyle
What could he change?
How can he overcome any barriers ?
Leicestershire Nutrition
& Dietetic Service
Any Questions?
If you require further assistance please ask for a referral for a clinic appointment
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