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Professional and Academic and
Support Skills- BSB20129-M
Topic 7 : Leadership Theories
Sharmila. APIIT.2010
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A Leadership Story:
A group of workers and their leaders are set a taskof clearing a road through a dense jungle on a remote island toget to the coast where an estuary providesa perfect site for a port.
The leaders organise the labour into efficient units and monitorthe distribution and use of capital assets progress is excellent.The leaders continue to monitor and evaluate progress, makingadjustments along the way to ensure the progress is maintainedand efficiency increased wherever possible.
Then, one day amidst all the hustle and bustle and activity, oneperson climbs up a nearby tree. The person surveys the scenefrom the top of the tree.
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A Leadership Story:
And shouts down to the assembled
group below
Wrong Way! (Story adapted from Stephen Covey (2004) The Seven Habits of Highly
Effective People Simon & Schuster).
Management is doing things right, leadership is
doing the right things(Warren Bennis and Peter Drucker)
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LEADERSHIP
DEFINITION
According to Koontz and o Donnell it is
the art of including the subordinates to
accomplish their assignments with zeal
and confidence. Zeal reflects ardour,
earnestness and intensity in execution of
work; confidence reflects experience andtechnical ability.
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C O N C E P T O F L E A D E R S H I P
Managers are people who do things right, while leaders are people
who do the right thing.
'Leadership is all about courage to dream big.
Leadership is a complex process by which a person influences others
to accomplish a mission, task, or objective and directs the organization
in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent
Leadership makes people want to achieve high goals and objectives,
while, on the other hand, bosses tell people to accomplish a task or
objective.
Leadership can be used for good or ill
Leadership skills can be perverted to pursue bad ends
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L e a d e r s v s . M a n a g e r s
LEADERS: innovate
focus on people
inspire trust
have a long-range view
ask what and why
have eyes on horizon
originate
challenge status quo
do the right thing
MANAGERS: administrate
focus on systems andstructures
rely on control
have a short-range view
ask how and when
have eyes on bottom line
initiate
accept status quo
do things right
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We Need Both Leading and Managing
Lead People
Direction
Communication
Resources
Coach
Reinforce
Manage
Processes
Happy Customers
Feedback
- Whats working?
- Need to do differently?
Healthy processes serving happy customers
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So What Do Leaders Do?
Provide Direction - Where we are headed
Communicate
- The Why & Benefits of the direction
Enable, Coach and Counsel
Recognise Results and Reinforce Desired
Behavior
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Types of Leadership Style
Autocratic:
Leader makes decisions without reference to
anyone else High degree of dependency on the leader
Can create de-motivation and alienation
of staff
May be valuable in some types of business wheredecisions need to be made quickly and decisively
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Types of Leadership Style
Democratic:
Encourages decision making
from different perspectives leadership maybe emphasised throughoutthe organisation Consultative: process of consultation before
decisions are taken
Persuasive: Leader takes decision and seeks topersuade others that the decisionis correct
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Types of Leadership Style
Democratic:
May help motivation and involvement
Workers feel ownership of the firm and itsideas
Improves the sharing of ideas
and experiences within the business Can delay decision making
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Types of Leadership Style
Laissez-Faire: Let it be the leadership responsibilities
are shared by all
Can be very useful in businesseswhere creative ideas are important
Can be highly motivational,
as people have control over their working life
Can make coordination and decision making
time-consuming and lacking in overall direction
Relies on good team work
Relies on good interpersonal relations
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Theories of Leadership
Trait theories:
Is there a set of characteristics
that determine a good leader? Personality?
Dominance and personal presence?
Charisma?
Self confidence?
Achievement?
Ability to formulate a clear vision?
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Theories of Leadership
Trait theories:
Are such characteristics
inherently gender biased? Do such characteristics
produce good leaders?
Is leadership more than
just bringing about change? Does this imply that leaders are born not
bred?
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Theories of Leadership
Behavioural:
Imply that leaders can be trained focus on
the way of doing things Structure based behavioural theories focus on
the leader instituting structures task orientated
Relationship based behavioural theories focus
on the development and maintenance ofrelationships process orientated
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Theories of Leadership
Contingency Theories:
Leadership as being more flexible different
leadership styles used at different timesdepending on the circumstance.
Suggests leadership is not a fixed series of
characteristics that can be transposed into
different contexts
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Theories of Leadership
May depend on:
Type of staff
History of the business
Culture of the business
Quality of the relationships
Nature of the changes neededAccepted norms within the institution
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Theories of Leadership
Transformational:
Widespread changes
to a business or organisation Requires:
Long term strategic planning
Clear objectives
Clear vision
Leading by example walk the walk
Efficiency of systems and processes
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Theories of Leadership
Invitational Leadership: Improving the atmosphere and message sent out
by the organisation
Focus on reducing negative messagessent out through the everyday actions of thebusiness both externally and, crucially, internally
Review internal processes to reduce these
Build relationships and sense of belonging andidentity with the organisationthat gets communicated to customers, etc.
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Theories of Leadership
Transactional Theories:
Focus on the management
of the organisation Focus on procedures and efficiency
Focus on working to rules
and contracts Managing current issues
and problems
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