Leadership styles

Mohammed Naushad Siddiqui.

In this presentation we will learn -

• Different styles of leadership.

• Different approaches towards analysis of leadership and leader’s behaviour.

Classification based on the use of authority -Autocratic leaders – • Are authoritarian.• Gives order ( ideally , without any

consultation at all) and expects it to be followed.

• Works well if you don’t have much time to accomplish goals or

• if employees are well motivated.

Democratic or participative leader -

• Participative , consultative and persuasive style.

• Encourages subordinates to take more participation in decision making process.

• Workers feel like ownership and more participation and contribution in the firm.

• The final decision making can be delayed as every decision is consulted alot.

Free rein leader -

• Uses his / her power least.• ‘Let it be’ type – the leadership responsibilities

are shared by all. • The subordinates are given high degree of

freedom in their operations.• Is very useful in bussiness operations where a

high degree of creativity is needed.

Analyzing leadership styles.

A. The managerial grid.B. Leadership as continuum.C. Situational or contingency approach.D. The path-goal approach.E. Transformational leadership.

The managerial grid.

• Very useful technique for analyzing leadership

styles and behaviors.

• 2 dimensional grid - concern for people and

production.

• The four corners of the grid -four extreme styles

of leadership.

Leadership as continuum• Style of appropriate leadership depends upon-– leader himself/herself .– the followers .– the situation a leader faces.

• According to this theory , the leader’s style is mainly influenced by –a) Forces in leader’s personality.b) Forces in subordinates.c) External environment or the situation leader

confronts.

Contingency ApproachTotally focussed on

– study of situations.– leader’s response in the situation.

• Recognizes interaction between leader and the group

• Gives more strength to belief that leaders are made out of situation.

• The leader’s effectiveness determined by how well his/her style fits the given context.

• Realizes that leaders are NOT successful in all situations.

Leadership situation determined by 3 factors - Leader-member relations. Task structure. Position power.

Fiedler proposed 2 major styles of leadership - a) Task oriented.b) Relations oriented.

LPC scaleAsked to rate coworker on 16 sets of attributes like being pleasant , boring or interesting , rejecting or accepting , back biting or loyal , agreeable or disagreeable.High rating by coworkers indicates relationship oriented style.Low rating indicates task oriented leadership style.

Path-goal approach• Gives a lot of importance on situational factors

affecting leadership.• Emphasizes relationship between leader’s style

and characteristics of subordinates and work setting.

• Main task of leader is to-a) Clarify and set goals.b) Help choosing the best path to achieve those

goals.c) Remove obstacles from the path defined.

• Leadership Behaviors-• Directive leadership – Leader gives targets ,

sets instructions, expectations, deadlines, and performance standard.

• Supportive Leadership – The leader is approachable and friendly , shows concern for the well being of his/her subordinates , treats everyone equally and avoids favouritism.

• Participative Leadership - Leader invites subordinates to give opinions, share ideas and includes their suggestions in the decision making process.

• Achievement-Oriented Leadership - The Leader challenges subordinates to perform at the highest possible level.

• Leader sets high standards of performance and excellence ,looks out for continuous improvement , shows confidence that subordinate will achieve high goals.

Transactional and transformational leadership.

• Transactional leaders know what needs to be done to achieve goals.

• Their main focus is on –1. Procedures and efficiency.2. Clarifying roles.3. Setting up effective organization structure ,

rewards for performances.4. Catering to social needs of their followers.

Transformational leaders.• Completely transform an organization by

articulating a vision and inspiring followers.• Have a great capacity to motivate and create a

favourable environment for organizational change and new organizational culture.

• Believe in commanding only those things they themselves are perfect practitioners.

• Are generally very selfless.

THANK YOU