John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE-USA Collaboration, Physics and Approach
LHC
Alice
Dedicated “general purpose”Heavy Ion experiment at LHC
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE-USA CollaborationALICE-USA Author List (2009) - 44 (+ new) PHDs + 15 graduate students
Cal. Poly, San Luis Obispo (NSF) – J. Klay, postdocCreighton U. – M. Cherney, Y. Gorbunov, B. Rizzo (gs), J. SegerU. Houston - L. Pinsky, A. Empl, B.W. Mayes II, C. Delgenio (gs), D. Minthaka (gs),
graduate studentKent State U. – S. Margetis, D. Keane, W. Zhang, postdoc, graduate studentLBNL – P. Jacobs, S. Klein, G. Odyniec, J. Putschke, H.G. Ritter, TJM Symons, M. van LeeuwenLLNL – R. Soltz, A. Glenn, J. NewbyMichigan State U. – G. Westfall, + TBDORNL – T. Awes, P. Stankus, D. Silvermyer, G. Young, postdocPurdue U. - R.P. Scharenberg, B.K. Srivastava, and grad student(s)U. Tennessee – S. Sorensen, K. Read, postdoc, grad. studentU. Texas – C. Markert, + TBDWayne State U. – T.M. Cormier, R. Bellwied, C.A. Pruneau, S. Voloshin,
A. Pavlinov, + 2 postdocs and 3 grad. studentsYale U. – J.W. Harris, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, H. Caines, M. Heinz,
S. Salur, N. Smirnov, T. Aronsson (gs), and 4 graduate students
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Heavy Ion Physics at the LHCLHC Heavy Ions –
• guided by pQCD predictions • expectations (detector simulations) based on RHIC extrapolations and theory• lesson from RHIC – guided by theory + versatility + “expect the unexpected”
Soft Physics at LHC – • smooth extrapolation from SPS RHIC LHC?• expansion will be different (v2, HBT, Tchem & Tkin,
strange/charm particles & resonances)
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Heavy Ion Physics at the LHCLHC Heavy Ions –
• guided by pQCD predictions • expectations (detector simulations) based on RHIC extrapolations and theory• lesson from RHIC – “expect the unexpected”
Soft Physics at LHC – • smooth extrapolation from SPS RHIC LHC?• expansion will be different (v2, HBT, Tchem & Tkin,
strange/charm particles & resonances)
Hard Probes at LHC – • significant increase in hard cross sections
hard /total~ 2% at SPS
50% at RHIC
98% at LHC• “real” jets, large pT processes
• abundance of heavy flavors• probe early times, calculable precision studies!
bb (LHC ) ~ 100 bb (RHIC)
cc (LHC) ~ 10 cc (RHIC)
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE Set-upHMPID
Muon Arm
TRD
PHOS
PMD
ITS
TOF
TPCSize: 16 x 26 meters
Weight: 10,000 tons
EMCal
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE Detectors & Acceptance
central barrel -0.9 < < 0.9• = 2 tracking, PID (TPC/ITS/ToF)• single arm RICH (HMPID)• single arm e.m. cal (PHOS)• jet calorimeter (proposed EMCal)
forward muon arm 2.4 < < 4• absorber, 3 T-m dipole magnet10 tracking + 4 trigger chambers
multiplicity detectors -5.4 < < 3• including photon counting in PMD
trigger & timing detectors• 6 Zero Degree Calorimeters• T0: ring of quartz window PMT's• V0: ring of scint. paddles
(charged particles)
µ arm
EMCal
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Particle Identification in ALICE
Pb-Pb
, K, p: 0.1- 0.15 50 GeV
Topological reconstruction Invariant mass
PID in relativistic rise
Pb-Pb
PID capabilities unique to ALICE!
Global tracking (ITS-TPC-TRD)
dE/dx (low pT + relativ. rise)
TOF, HMPID, PHOS
pT range (PID/stat. limits) in 109 pp or 107 central Pb-Pb
Decay particles: 10 - 15 GeV
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE EMCal (Cormier Presentation)
10+1/2+1/2=11 super-modules8 SM from US3 SM from France, Italy
Lead-scintillator sampling calorimeter = 1.4, =110o
Shashlik geometry, APD photosensor ~13K towers ( x ~ 0.014 x 0.014)
Energy resolution 15%/√E + 2%
over-takes tracking above 30 GeV
o/ discrimination to pT ~ 30 GeV
Approved by LHCC 9/28/06
Allows Jet Measurements/Triggering with ALICE
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Capabilities of ALICE Extended by EMCal
EMCal improves detector capabilities:
- Fast trigger ~10 -100 enhancement of jets
- Improves jet reconstruction (plus TPC)
- Good discrimination
increases coverage
- Good electron/hadron discrimination
EMCal extends the physics of ALICE:
104 / year in minbias Pb+Pb:
inclusive jets: ET ~ 200 GeV
dijets: ET ~ 170 GeV
: pT ~ 75 GeV
inclusive : pT ~ 45 GeV
inclusive e: pT ~ 30 GeVP.Jacobs
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Synopsis of ALICE Physics Measurements
Soft Probes – “ala RHIC” • ALICE – important soft physics measurements ala RHIC (+ extended PID)• Expansion dynamics different from RHIC (note - timescales, densities)• Day 1 physics + ….. (unexpected…)
Heavy Quarks• Displaced vertices (Do K- +) from TPC/ITS (charm and beauty)• Electrons in Transition Radiation Detector (TRD)
Quarkonia (forward muon arm)• J/, , ’ (excellent), ’’(2-3 yrs), ’ (very difficult!)
Jet Quenching & Medium Response• Leading particles to intermediate pT (range of intermediate pT at LHC?)• Away-side in TPC (with extended PID)
trigger on leading 0 trigger on / measure jets6x increased acceptance for ’s
compared to PHOS
measure e with pe > 10 GeV (where TRD…)
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE Collaboration~ 1000 Members (~ 500 M&O PhDs) 63% CERN States ~ 8% expected US
~ 30 Countries
~ 100 Institutes
~ 150 M CHF capital (+ L3 magnet)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
ALICE Collaboration statistics
LoI
MoU
TP
TRD
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE-USAALICE-USA Collaboration
40 - 50 Ph.D. physicists and 15 graduate students by 2009
12 DOE-supported research institutions:
Creighton, Houston, Kent State, LBNL, LLNL, Michigan State,
Oak Ridge, Purdue, Tennessee, Texas, Wayne State, and Yale
ALICE-USA Primary Focus
• Investigate medium modification of partonic energy loss – “jet quenching”
• Investigate response of medium to large energy depositions
• Ensure the EMCal is constructed, operational in ALICE; extract EMCal physics
ALICE-USA Equip. Proposal to DOE for Major Fraction of ALICE EMCal
• Construct 8 of 11 super-modules of EMCal for ALICE
•(Italy and France to construct 3)
• CERN LHC Committee approved EMCal for installation in ALICE in Oct. 2006
• Passed CDs-0,1 Reviews of DOE
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Scientific Focus of ALICE-USA
Primary Scientific Goal
“Investigate QCD matter and measure its properties at high at the LHC”
Primary Focus – Utilize Hard Parton Scattering (& measure Eparton)
• High energy jets, photons and heavy flavors requires EMCal and triggering
Exploit large kinematic range of jets at LHC
Measure jet structure & medium-induced jet modification
Investigate energy loss mechanism with
quark-tagged jets (heavy flavor decays)
gluon jets (light hadron leading)
– jet coincidences
• Low energy particles correlated with trigger or quenched jet
requires ALICE acceptance, robust tracking, & PID to low/high
pT
Investigate energy propagation in medium to determine medium properties
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Jet Yields per LHC Year & Jet Trigger Enhancements
Jet yield in 20 GeV bin
Large gains due to jet trigger
Large variation in statistical reach for different reference systems
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Jet Trigger Enhancements vs Reference System
Jet triggerIncludes acceptance, efficiency, dead time, energy resolution
Complete systematic study requires all reference systems.
L1 jet “patch” trigger
x = 0.4 x 0.4
Also e, cluster trigger enhancement
factors 10 – 100 for Pb-Pb to p-p
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Medium Modification of Fragmentation from Jets
Fragmentation along jet axis: z = phadron / p parton
Introduce = ln(Ejet / phadron) ~ ln (1/z):
jet directionz
N. Borghini, U. Wiedemannhep-ph/0506218
# particles with low z increases
# particles with high z deceases
z/1ln
pThadron~2 GeV
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE-USA Manpower
ALICE-USA Collaboration Manpower Estimates
from 10 DOE-supported research institutions:
Creighton , Houston, Kent State, LBNL, LLNL, Oak Ridge, Purdue,
Tennessee,
Wayne State, and Yale
FTEs estimate for:EMCal detector support, trigger, computing, simulations & analysis, and papers
(anticipate additional manpower from Texas, MSU)
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE-USA Common Fund & M&O Fees to CERN
FY07
Common Fund = 5 DOE-supported institutions * CHF 45K = CHF 225K
• CHF 225K (* 0.80) = $180K
M&O = 18 DOE collaborators * CHF 14K = CHF 252K (*0.80) = $202K
FY08
Common Fund = 5 new DOE-supported institutions * CHF 45K = CHF 225K
• CHF 225K (* 0.80) = $180K
M&O = 35 DOE collaborators * CHF 14K = CHF 490K (*0.80) = $392K
FY09
M&O = 40-50 DOE collaborators * CHF 14K = CHF 560-700K (*0.80) = $448-560K
Note - FY07, 08, 09 Common Fund payments total = $360K could be spread over three years amounting to
$120K per year for each of FY07, 08, 09.
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
ALICE-USA Computing (Soltz Presentation)
ALICE-USA Computing Resources
Requires DOE investment in NERSC/PDSF cluster
(half of projected ALICE-USA computing resources)
Additional resources from
LLNL Livermore Computing (LC)
Ohio Supercomputing Center at the Ohio State Univeristy (OSC/OSU)
Texas Learning Center at University of Houston. (TLC/UH)
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Summary of ALICE-USA Request
Request overall DOE support for:
research and participation in ALICE of 10 institutions under review
construction of the US EMCal ($13.3 M)
computing in ALICE
Cost of support from DOE Heavy Ion Research:
redirection of effort from RHIC to ALICE : $2.7M in 2007 $3.8M in 2009
new support: $0.69M in 2007 $1.48M in 2009 (+ 1FTE includes computing)
plus $0.36M one-time fee for 2007-2009
one-time: $0.36M - CERN institutional fees (can be spread over 2007 – 2009)
annual: $0.20M in 2007 increasing to $0.45M in 2009 for CERN M&O fees
$0.05M starting in 2009 in CERN detector fees
$0.18 in 2007 to $0.4M in 2009 for sppl. travel to participate in experiment & install
EMCal
$0.23M annually in new research support
computing: $0.08M in 2007 increasing to ~ 0.35M +1 FTE in 2009 estimated for computing
hardware
John Harris (Yale) DOE Panel Review of ALICE-USA, May 23-24, 2007
Concluding RemarksSignificant new high pT heavy ion physics at LHC
ALICE - versatile, general purpose heavy ion detector at LHCwill contribute significantly to understanding of HI physics
ALICE-USA and EMCal add significant physics to ALICE & LHCmeasure and trigger on jets, photons, pi-zerosheavy quark jet tagstriggered jets response of medium
ALICE-USA seeks DOE support to participate in ALICEconstruct EMCalextract exciting, fundamental physics
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