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Presented bySarwo Handhayani
Head of Regional Development Planning BoardJakarta Capital City Government
Climate Resilient Cities Identifying ASEAN BestPractices : Workshop and Exchange
Urban Innovations for Adaptation :
Jakartas Adaptation Strategy
Jakarta Capital City Government
Jakarta, 19 January 2011
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1.General Condition of Jakarta City
2.Climates Changes Impact to Jakarta City
3.Policy towards Climate Resilient City
4.Jakartas Adaptation Strategy
5.Conclusion
OUT LINE
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General Condition of Jakarta City
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Jakarta consists of 5Municipalities, 1 Regency,44 Districts and 267 Sub-districts
40% area under mean sealevel
13 rivers system arecrossing Jakarta City
Ancol
Kamal
Tanjung KaitTanjung Pasir
GENERAL CONDITION (1)
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GENERAL CONDITION (2)
n Total Population of Jakarta:9,6 million, day timepopulation: 11.5 million
n Population Rate : 1,39 % per
annum (Census 2010)n Total area of 650 square
kilometresn Population density of Jakarta:
13,000 to 15,000 per km2, incertain area 20,000 to
30,000 per km2n Total Population of GreaterJakarta : 28 million
nn
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Financial service constituted 28,6% of Jakarta'sGDP in 2008.
In 2010, per capita GRDP of DKI Jakartainhabitants at current price was Rp.82.08 million
Human Development Index (HDI) 77 in 2008.Public transportation is mainly served by 10
corridors (out of 15 corridors) transJakarta busway (average 250.000 passengers per day).
Clean water service coverage : 60%Based on Census 2010 population rate is still high
(1,39 annually)Vulnerable inhabitants : around 312.170.000(3,48%)
Slums area : 416 RW out of 2.196 RW
GENERAL CONDITION (3)
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Climate Change Impactto Jakarta
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IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE TO JAKARTA
Based on EEPSEA study, Jakarta is indicated as the most prone area
towards climate change impact in South East Asia.The impacts of climate change in Jakarta is as follow:
The increasing of global temperature has caused climate change andvariability, such as the changes of rainfall intensity as well asextreme whether
Sea level rise makes Jakarta prone to the activity of extreme weathersuch as floods
: ,Source EEPSEA 2009
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JAKARTA FLOOD
In February 2007, Jakarta was hit by one of theworst flood ever experience (return period 50years), covering 70% of metropolitan area, withtotal Financial Loss ofUS $ 879,12 million, andLoss of Lives: 79, Refugees: 223,203.
The causes :
1. Natural : rainfall, topography, climatechange, higher peak flows, tidalcycles
2. Physical : rapid increase urbanization,decrease storage of runoff, reducedriver and drainage conveyance
capacity3. Man Made : lack of environmental
conscious, encroachment of rivercorridors, indiscriminate solid wastedumping, illegal settlement, overpopulation
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Policy towards Climate ResilientCity
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Develop city infrastructure
Improve city productivity
Improve urban culture
Main-streaming a disaster mitigation-based developmentCreate a prosperous and dynamic city life
Harmonization between urban life and environment : max population12,5 million in 2030
Jakarta as Capital City of Republic of Indonesia which iscomfortable, sustainable and occupied by prosperous society
VISSION
MISSION
SPATIAL PLANNING 2030
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OBJECTIVES OF SPATIAL PLANNING
Jakarta Capital City Government
Integrated spatial using and controlling byconsidering Jakarta as delta city
Integrated planning with area surroundingsSpatial planning of coastal and small islandsDisaster risk reductionCarrying capacity : max population 12,5 million by
2030Green Open Space target : 30% by 2030Green house gas emission reduction target : 30%
by 2030
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Jakartas Adaptation Strategy
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ADAPTATION STRATEGYBASED ON JAKARTA SPATIAL PLANNING 2030
n Developing flood control infrastructurethrough the development of poldersystem, rehabilitation of waterretention and ponds, revitalization of
river flow as well as thedevelopment of sea and riverdykes.
n Expanding the city development tothe northern area through landreclamation and revitalization of
coastal area, as well as thedevelopment of international sea port
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SEA
JakartArea
etention Lakesutside Jakarta
astCanalest Canal
eclamationrea
owLand
igherLand
ater Dykes
PolderSystem
Lakes/Reservoir
Pumps
Water Gate
Water Dyke
Port
owLand
Jakarta Capital City Government
FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEM
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STRUCTURAL
NONSTRUCTURAL
UP-STREAM
DOWN-STREAM
FLOODCONTROL
POLICY
-Reservoir development-Lake Rehabilitation-Reforestation
-Canals development, river andponds normalization
-Polder development andmaintenance
- Tide water anticipation-Land Subsidence anticipation-Vulnerable resettlement policy
-Spatial Control-Community awareness-Early Warning System-Emergency Response System-River Conservation-Flood Hazard Mapping
FLOOD CONTROL POLICY
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CURRENT ISSUES ON FLOOD CONTROL
East Flood Canal Construction
Reclamation at Coastal Area
Community Based Development
Existing Development :
Future Plan :
Giant Sea Defense
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EAST FLOOD CANAL CORRIDOR
Jl.IGustiNgurahRai
BanjirKanalTimur
Jl.BekasiRaya
Jl.Roro
tan9
BanjirKanalTimur
JOR
R
JOR
R
South Zone : 8,5 km
Ce
ntralZone:8km
NorthZone:7km
Length: 23,5 Km
Width : 100 300 m
Depth : 3 7 m
Water CatchmentArea : around 207square km or 20.700ha
Water debit : 390m3/sec
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RecreationalWaterfront
Education &Social
Waterfront
ResidentialWaterfront
ResidentialWaterfront
ResidentialWaterfront
IndustrialWaterfront
Mixed-Used(Commercial-
Office- Housing)Waterfront
RecreationalWaterfront
THEMES AREA
ADAPTATIONINFRASTRUCTUREDEVELOPMENT:Green Infrastructure andWater Front Development
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FINANCIAL PLAN OF EAST FLOOD CANAL DEVELOPMENT
Central Government budget is intended for theconstruction of canal
Local Government budget for land acquisition
Private sector has obligation to finance infrastructure byhaving permit for developing commercial area alongthe canal (fee and contribution)
Private sector will be participated for Developing greeninfrastructure , tourism, transportation, water supplyand maintenance of the clean water as well as wastewater treatment through cross subsidy scheme.
Central and Local Government will set up suchinstitution to manage the canal estate.
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DEVELOPMENT OF COASTALRECLAMATION ANDREVITALIZATION
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NORTH COAST OF JAKARTA RECLAMATION PLAN INJAKARTA SPATIAL PLANNING 2030
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REVITALIZATION OFNORTH COAST OFJAKARTA
Existing condition ofNorth coast of Jakarta
AbrasionHigher and
more frequentof flood
Slump areaPoor fisherman
settlementPoor condition
public beachWater pollutionLand
subsidencePoor condition
of cultureheritage
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1. 70% of coastal cities in the world haddeveloped land reclamation
2.Revitalization of old coastal area will be
financed by added value of reclamationarea with schematic of cross subsidy
3.North Coast of Jakarta is a prime mover ofJakarta Province in order to develop Jakartaas a Service City
4.The north coast of Jakarta is needed to beREVITALIZED to become a counter magnitof the city growth which could increased thecity competitiveness.
Coastal ReclamationConsideration
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CROSS SUBSIDYPLAN
NEW LAND
(RECLAMATION)+NEW INFRASTRUCTURE
EXISTING COASTALAREA
NEW COMMERCIAL, RESIDENTIAL,TOURISM PROJECT & EMPLOYMENT
PRIVATE SECTOR PROVISION OF PUBLICFACILITIES, OPEN SPACE,
INFRASTRUCTURE
REVITALIZATION STIMULUS
CONTRIBUTION FOR SOCIALPROGRAMS
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aerahe sa pan a ir
ADVANTAGES OF COASTAL REVITALIZATIONTHROUGH RECLAMATION
1.Create land for cityexpansion
2.Reduce flood risk3.Water supply
alternative4.Sea water intrusion
and sea abrasionresistant
5.Expand green openspace (mangrovedeforestation)
6.Increase the
settlement quality7.Development of port
area8.Development of
public beach
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COMMUNITY BASED DEVELOPMENT (1)
Public KitchenManagement
Water Rescue
Making of Water RescueEquipment - Rafts
Health and First AidLectures
Location : Bukit Duri and Kebon Baru
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Risk Map
Town Watching
Location : Bukit Duri and Kebon Baru
COMMUNITY BASED DEVELOPMENT (2)
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:lood Warning anarly warning toolt community level( ukit Duri and )ebon Baru case move valuable belongingsto higher place to be safefrom water.
no activity at all atsettlement areas
start evacuating children,
elderly, pregnant women aswell as sick people.
people living at first floorshould be all evacuated.
people living at first, secondand even third floor should
be all evacuated
COMMUNITY BASED DEVELOPMENT (3)
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Cengkareng drainQ = 510 m3/s(JICA 1997)
BKBQ=500 m3/s(JICA 1997)
BKT
Q=390 m3/s
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FUTURE PLAN : GIANT SEA DEFENSE
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Conclusion
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CONCLUSION
Jakarta Capital City Government
Climate Resilient City Policy has been written in the Jakarta formal regulatory andplanning documents, such as Spatial Planning 2030.
The complexity of Jakartas condition, adds the vulnerability of its community due to thehigh population density, limited areas, massive transportation, centre of economicactivities, as well as rapid urbanization.
Jakartas Adaptation Strategy to Develop Resilient City to Climate Change in DKI JakartaGovernment have been conducted by provision of flood control reduction risk andrevitalization as well as reclamation of north coast of Jakarta involving all stakeholders(Central Governments, Inter-local Governments Cooperation, Local Community,International Networking, NGOs) .
In the future, we need to improve the approaches by involving more stakeholders and
mobilize more fund to realize some catalysts projects.
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Thank youThank you
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