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SEMINAR ON SAN AND NAS
BySHILPA K.S1BT99CS0448TH SEMESTERCOMPUTER SCIENCE
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STORAGEA functional unit into which data can beplaced, in which they can be retained and
from which they can be retrieved. The actionof placing data into a storage device.OR
The process of storing information in acomputer memory or on a magnetic tape ordisk.
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STORAGE NECESSITIES High Availability of data Data Protection Easy Management Excellent Security
Data Reliability
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Types of Storage Technologies
Local Storage(LS)
DirectAttachedStorage
(DAS)
NetworkAttachedStorage
(NAS)
StorageArea
Network
(SAN)
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Network Attached Storage (NAS)
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Definition Of NAS
Network-attached storage (NAS) is a conceptof shared storage on a network. Itcommunicates using Network File System(NFS) for UNIX environments, CommonInternet File System (CIFS) for MicrosoftWindows environments, FTP, http, and othernetworking protocols. NAS brings platformindependence and increased performance to anetwork, as if it were an attached appliance.
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Basic NAS Implementation
LAN
Client
Client
Client
Server
Server
NAS Filer
Note:NAS will work in both Workgroup & TCP/IP
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LAN(Workgroup Network)
NAS in a Work-group Environment
Client
Client
Client NAS Filer
( With NetBEUI Protocol )
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NAS in a Server Authentication Environment
LANTCP/IP
Client
Client
Client
AuthenticationServer
ApplicationServer
NAS Filer
Request
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NAS in a Metropolitan Area Solution
LAN LAN
Client Client
Client Server NAS FilerServer
ClientClient
WAN
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NAS Solutions for Todays IT Business Issues
Decreased IT Staff Cost Scale fast without Downtime Relief for your Server Multi OS Connectivity & Data Sharing Leveraging Existing Infrastructure
Transparent Backup
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Example Of NAS
LAN
Client
Client
Client
Server
SUN Storage N8200 Filer
QuantumSnap Server
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Storage Area Network(SAN)
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Definition Of SAN
The Storage Area Network (SAN) provides aflexible, networked storage infrastructure thatdecouples storage devices from their respective
servers. To accomplish this, the SANincorporates switch fabric technology,
commonly referred to as a SAN fabric, toconnect any server to any storage subsystem.
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Storage
DiskArray
StorageDiskArray
StorageDiskArray
Tape Backup
Basic SAN Implementation
Heterogeneous
Servers
FCIP
FCP FC-SW2To WAN for
Remote
Storage
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Storage Disk Array
Fault Tolerant Non-Blocking Switched Backplane
ChannelAdapter
ChannelAdapter
ChannelAdapter
ChannelAdapter
ChannelAdapter
ChannelAdapter
ChannelAdapter
Storage Array Controller
MP CPU Cache Memory
Storage Array Controller
MP CPU Cache Memory
DiskAdapter
DiskAdapter
FC-AL
FC-AL
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Storage Array ControllerBlock Diagram
Intel Xeon
Processor
Intel Xeon
Processor
Intel
E7500 MCH
Intel 82801 CAICH3Intel 82562ET
2 Channels:
200MHz ECC DDR
2 Registered DIMMs perChannel
16GB Maximum Memory
32-bit
33MHzPCI
SM Bus2.0
GPIO
LPC
10100 Mbps LANManagement port
6*USB2.0
FMH ATA 100Local IDE
Intel 82870P2 Intel 82870P2
Intel 82870P2
Switch FabricInterface
16-bit HL 2.0
PCI-X
To Switched Backplane tochannel adapters
2*64 bit 133 MHz PCI-XChannels to disk adapter
2*64 bit 133 MHz PCI-XChannels to disk adapter
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Disk Adapter Block Diagram
DDR SDRAM(up to 1GB)
IntelIOP80321
I/O Processor
PCI-XBridge
(3 rd Party Chip)
PCI-XBridge
(3 rd Party Chip)Secondary64-bit 133 MHz
Dual2F FC AL
Or
Dual U320 SCSI
PrimaryPCI-X Busto storagearraycontroller
FLASH
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Functional Description
SAN Theory of Operation-No data is written to the disk until the data has been
received twice from across the fabric. Similarly datarequests are only passed up to the fabric after twoidentical reads are received from the RAIDsubsystem.
- When the SCSI storage command goes out on theSAN fabric from the server, it is mapped as aLUN,which is then translated to a particular trackand sector by the storage array controller.
-Uses Rule-of-thumb calculations , indicating buffersize for disk caching should be between 0.5 to 1percent of the disk capacity supported by thecontroller.
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Software Stacks For Storage Protocols
SCSI FCP iSCSI FCIP
Host SCSI Driver SCSI Driver SCSI Driver SCSI Driver
FCPFC-2
FC-1HBA
Transport
iSCSITCP
IP
FCPFCIP
TCP
IP
SCSI CablesFC Fibers, Hubs
SwitchesOver any
IP networkOver any
IP network
Parallel SCSI
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The predominant system Bottleneck in aSAN is the internal system interconnects.
Need to implement high-performance I/Oprocessors to keep up with the significant
jump in the SAN fabric and disk
interface speeds.
Performance Considerations
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Design Advantage
High Performance Scalability Time-to-Market Technology Treadmill Support
SAN E l Slid
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SAN Example Slide
UNIX WIN SUN
Tape BackupBrocade
DiskArray
CompaqDiskArray
INTELDiskArray
To WAN for RemoteStorage
FC-SW2
FCIP
FCP
Heterogeneous
Servers
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Comparison Between SAN NAS
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NAS & SAN in Typical LAN Environment
LAN
SNAPServer
NT Server UNIX Server Netware ServerUNIX Clients
WindowsClients
NT Servers
Switch Switch
Bridge Bridge
DLTLibrary
DLTLibrary
Shared
Storage
NAS
SAN
StorageConnectsdirectly to
the network
Storageconnects toswitches and
servers
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Comparison Between SAN & NAS By Protocols
Fibre Channel Fibre Channel-to-
SCSI
TCP/IP
SAN NAS
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Comparison Between SAN & NAS By Applications
Mission-criticaltransaction-baseddatabase applicationprocessing
Centralized databackup
Disaster recoveryoperations Storage consolidation
File sharing in NFSand CIFS
Small-block datatransfer over longdistances
Limited read-onlydatabase access
SAN NAS
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Comparison Between SAN & NAS By Advantages
High availability Data transfer reliability Reduced traffic on the
primary network Configuration flexibility High performance High scalability Centralized management Multiple vender
offerings
Few distance limitations Simplified addition of
files sharing capacity Easy deployment and
maintenance
SAN NAS
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CONCLUSION
SANs and NAS are increasingly replacing orsupplementing traditional server-attachedstorage implementations in many data
centers. As a result, organizations arerealizing a wide range of benefits, includingincreased flexibility, easier storagedeployment,and reduced overall storagecosts. Although both SAN and NAStechnologies can provide a competitiveadvantage, each is designed for specific typesof environments and applications.
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Thank you!
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