Primitive TimesPrimitive Times• Illness caused by supernatural
spirits and demons• Tribal witch doctors performed
ceremonies to drive out evil spirits
• Herbs and plants used as medicine
Ancient EgyptiansAncient Egyptians
• Earliest people to keep health records
• Identified diseases• Used medicine to heal
disease• Splinted fractures• Used bloodletting
Ancient ChineseAncient Chinese
• First to use acupuncture therapies
• Treated disease with stone tools
Ancient GreeksAncient Greeks
• Studied causes of disease• Hippocrates– The “Father of
Medicine”– Hippocratic Oath• “Code of Ethics”
• Aristotle– Dissected animals
Ancient RomansAncient Romans• First to organize medical care• Early hospitals in homes• Developed sanitation system• Claudius Galen (129-199 AD):– Dissection is key to understanding
body– Could only dissect animals– Used pulse as a diagnostic tool
Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD)Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD)
• Study of medicine stopped for over 1000 years
• Medicine practiced in monasteries and convents
Plagues and Epidemics during the dark agesPlagues and Epidemics during the dark ages
• Bubonic Plague
Even today the plague is still remembered...Even today the plague is still remembered...
–“Ring around the rosies,–Pocket full of
posies,–Ashes, Ashes, we all
fall down!”
The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)
• Rebirth of Science– Medical schools– Study of the body
by dissection
• Leonardo da Vinci– Studied and recorded the anatomy of the body
The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)
The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)• The invention of the Printing Press
made books available to study.
Monks copying books in a Monastery prior to the Renaissance
18th Century18th Century
• Benjamin Franklin– Invented bifocals
because he had trouble seeing
– Electricity– Many more inventions
19th Century19th Century• Ignas Semmelweiss– Cause of childhood fever– Instituted hand washing– Died from a cut he received during an
autopsy
19th Century19th Century• Florence Nightingale– First school of nursing– Started during the Crimean War– Made nursing an honorable profession
19th Century19th Century• Joseph Lister– The first doctor to use antiseptic during an
operation to prevent infection
2121stst Century Century
• New approaches to medical care are being discovered every year
• People are taught more about wellness, and learn more about health care
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