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Page 1: Intro To Lighting Level 1 Film Technology Film Technology CE00013-1.

Level 1 Film Technology

Intro To Lighting

Film TechnologyCE00013-1

Page 2: Intro To Lighting Level 1 Film Technology Film Technology CE00013-1.

Level 1 Film Technology

Intro To Lighting

• Why do you need to consider lighting?

• How you can use lighting to affect the mood of your film?

• What light sources are available, and how do you control them?

• Practical Tips

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• Without light you will have no image

• Carefully controlled lighting directs the viewers attention

• Lighting can affect the mood and emotional impact of a scene

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• Light quality– Hard light: Casts sharply defined deep

shadows– The sun, candles, unfiltered tungsten lamps– Soft Light: Cast soft shadows with undefined

edges– Overcast day, lamps with diffusers, light

reflected from certain sources

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Intro To Lighting

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• Contrast range – latitude– Latitude describes the contrast range that a

camera can represent– The difference between the lightest and

darkest areas of the picture

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• Low Key– Features high lighting contrast, with dark

shadows and bright pools of light– Associated with night time, mystery, tragedy

and horror

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• High Key– Features a more even low contrast distribution

of light– The light will be evenly spread meaning most

of the set will be lit– Associated with daylight, comedy and the

majority of studio shows

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Lighting Equipment

• Tungsten Lamps– Most common professional light– Range from 150w up to about 24,000w– Consistent colour temperature of 3200ºK– Generate a lot of heat – take care when

handling and setting up

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• Reflectors– White reflector softens light– Silver reflector reflects hard light– Mirror reflects very hard light– Gold reflector adds a gold hue to ‘warm up’

the lighting– Diffuser – set up in front of a hard light to

change it to a soft light

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• General lighting setups– Three point lighting– Even when numerous lights are used they will

perform one of the functions of the three point setup

– Use the basic setup as a starting point for your lighting

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• Key Light– Usually the brightest light– Casts primary shadows– Can be hard or soft

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• Fill Light– Used to fill out shadows caused by the key

without causing its own shadows– Usually softer than the keylight

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• Back Light– Creates a bright outline around the subject– Used to separate the subject from the

background– Helps create depth

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• Clothes light– Additional to the key light, adds shape and

brings out the texture of costumes

• Kicker– Additional to the back light, usually set lower

and set up as a cross light

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• Eye Light– Adds a shine to the actors eyes

• Background Light– Used when the other lights are not enough to

light the background of the shot

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• Motivated Light– This refers to the light sources in your scene

being justified– The lighting will be realistic and not draw

attention to itself– If the light sources are obviously unmotivated

the images may look unrealistic, but this can give the film style

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• General Lighting Technique– De-emphasize areas– This will focus the viewers attention on the

subject– Be careful of shiny and reflective surfaces– Taking away light can be as effective as

adding it