INTELLECTUAL CONTRIBUTIONS
And
FACULTY DEPLOYMENT
Part 2: Case Study
Allan D. SpritzerEast Tennessee State University
David Billings
The University of Alabama in Huntsville
AACSB Continuous Improvement Symposium
September 18, 2000
Peeler University
Case StudyCopyright © 2000
David Billings
The University of Alabama in Huntsville
Available at http://cas.uah.edu/billings/Peeler
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 2
• The purpose of this case study is to demonstrate how intellectual contributions impact decisions about deployment of faculty.
• The case focuses on the interactive application of Standards FD.4, FD.5 and IC.
• Any Similarity to institutions or individuals is coincidental, but not surprising.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 3
OVERVIEW
• Faculty Size, Composition, and Deployment
• Faculty Qualifications
• Intellectual Contributions
• Quality and Quantity of Intellectual Contributions
• Academically Qualified Faculty
• Impact of Adding an MBA Program
• Graduate Faculty Qualifications
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 4
FD.4 FACULTY SIZE, COMPOSITON AND DEPLOYMENT
FD.4.b: The deployment of faculty resources should reflect the school’s mission and degree programs. Students in all programs, majors, areas of emphasis, and locations should have the opportunity to receive instruction from appropriately qualified faculty.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 5
PEELER UNIVERSITY
AACSB has asked you to serve as the business advisor for Peeler University. This year is their self-evaluation year. You ask the Dean to send you
• Catalog and published materials about the school and its programs
• Roster of faculty for Section FD.4.a
• Faculty computations for Section FD.4.b
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 6
PEELER UNIVERSITY
You ask for drafts of three sections of the self-evaluation report.
• Mission
• Faculty Composition and Development, Sections FD4 and FD.5
• Intellectual Contributions
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 7
PEELER UNIVERSITY
You review the material and determine that Peeler University
• Is in Metropolis with a population of 250,000.
• Is in The Peeler Valley; known for its onions.
• Is a public regional university.
• Has schools of arts and science, education, and nursing.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 8
PEELER UNIVERSITY
MISSION VISION
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 9
PEELER UNIVERSITY
• Offers a Bachelor of Business Administration degree
• Majors: ACC, ECN, FIN, MGT and MKT
• No graduate business degrees
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 10
PEELER UNIVERSITY
Relative Emphasis
80% Teaching
10% Research
10% Service
12 hour/semester teaching load 3 hour/semester reassigned for research and service15 hour/semester work load
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 11
PEELER UNIVERSITY
Faculty Size, Composition, Deployment and Qualifications
You receive self-reported information about
• Faculty size and composition - Table FD 4 a
• Faculty Computations - FD 4 b 1,
• Faculty Deployment - FD 4 b 2, and
• Faculty Qualifications - FD 5
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 12
PEELER UNIVERSITYFaculty Computations FD.4.b.1Full-Time Equivalent Faculty
1. Total undergraduate student credit hours (USCH) 9,801
2. Total graduate student credit hours (GSCH) 0
3. Total undergraduate SCH/400 (UMFTE) 24.5
4. Total graduate SCH/300 (GMFTE) 0
5. MFTE faculty required (3 + 4) 24.5
6. Actual number of FTE faculty from Table FD.4.a 36
Assessment: The faculty complement is larger than the MFTE. Congruent with FD.4.BFJ#1
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 13
PEELER UNIVERSITYFaculty Computations FD.4.b.1, continued
Full-Time Equivalent Faculty
7. Minimum full-time faculty required (5 x 75%) 18.4
8. Actual number of full-time faculty from Table FD.4.a. 34
Assessment: The full-time faculty constitute more than 75 percent of the MFTE. Congruent with FD.4. BFJ#2
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 14
PEELER UNIVERSITYFaculty Computations FD.4.b.1, continued
Academically Qualified Faculty
9. Academically qualified MFTE undergraduate faculty (3 x 50%) 12.2
10. Academically qualified MFTE graduate faculty (4) 0
11. Academically qualified MFTE faculty (9 + 10) 12.2
12. Actual number of academically qualified FTE faculty from Table FD.4.a. 30
Assessment: The portion of academically qualified faculty is above the 50 percent minimum of MFTE required for a school with no graduate degree programs. *Need to review the classification of each faculty member as academically qualified. Check FD5 B7J#1.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 15
PEELER UNIVERSITYFaculty Computations FD.4.b.1, continued
Academically or Professionally Qualified Faculty
13. Minimum academically or professional qualified FTE (5 x 90%) 22.014. Actual number of academically qualified FTE faculty (12 above) 3015. Actual number of professionally qualified FTE faculty from Table FD.4.a. 416. Actual number of academically or professionally qualified FTE faculty (14 + 14)
34
Assessment: The total number of FTE faculty who are academically or professionally qualified or both are more than the minimum of 90 percent of the MFTE faculty. *Need to review the classification of each faculty member as academically or professionally qualified. Check on FD.5.BFJ#2.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 16
PEELER UNIVERSITYFaculty Computations FD.4.b.1, continued
Faculty Academically Qualified without Doctoral Degree
17. Maximum FTE faculty academically qualified without doctoral degree (6 x 10%) 3.6
18. Actual FTE faculty academically qualified without doctoral degree from Table FD.4.a. 4
Assessment: The number of FTE faculty who are academically qualified but who do not possess doctoral degrees exceeds 10 percent of the total FTE faculty. *Need to review the classification of each faculty member classified as academically qualified without doctoral degree. FD5BFJ#5
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page17
AACSB
Intellectual contributions impact faculty deployment decisions because they contribute to the academic qualifications of individual faculty members.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 18
AACSBWhat determines a faculty’s academic qualifications?
• Degree Completion
• Subsequent Activities
• Current Teaching Responsibilities
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 19
AACSB
“Academic qualifications requires a combination of original academic preparation (degree completion) augmented by
subsequent activities that maintain or establish preparation for current teaching responsibilities.”
FD.5 Faculty Qualifications, Interpretation
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 20
AACSBWhat does the phrase, “original academic preparation (degree
completion)…for current teaching responsibilities” mean?
“(1) A doctoral degree in the area in which the individual teaches.”“(2) A doctoral degree in a business field, but primary teaching responsibility in a business field that is not the area of academic preparation.”“(3) A doctoral degree outside of business, but primary teaching responsibilities that incorporate the area of academic preparation.”“(4) A doctoral degree outside of business and primary teaching responsibilities that do not incorporate the area of academic preparation.”“(5) Substantial specialized coursework in the field of primary teaching responsibilities, but no doctoral degree.”
FD.5 Interpretation
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 21
AACSB
What does the phrase, “…augmented by subsequent activities that maintain or establish preparation…” mean?
“Classification as academically or professionally qualified may be lost if there is no evidence of faculty development,
intellectual contributions, or current professional experience relevant to the teaching field within the five year period
preceding the accreditation review.”
FD.5 Basis For Judgment #4
AACSBRelationships Among Mission, Intellectual Contributions,
and Academic Qualifications
Qu
alit
y an
d Q
uan
tity
of
Inte
llec
tual
Con
trib
uti
ons
Academic Qualifications
Instructional Development Undergraduate
Masters
Doctoral Seminars
Doctoral Dissertations
Applied Scholarship
Basic Scholarship
Primary Intellectual Contributions
FD.5 Basis for Judgment #1
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 22
Primary Teaching Responsibilities
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 23
Peeler University
Faculty QualificationsFaculty classified as academically qualified without doctoral degree from Table FD4.a
ACC Assoc Prof Meek ABD 1994 6 ACC FacultyFIN Asst Prof Delorme ABD 1995 5 FIN FacultyFIN Asst Prof Emory ABD 1997 5 FIN FacultyMSC Asst Prof Bond ABD 1996 2 MSC Faculty
Refer to FD.5. Interpretation: Academic #5
Assessments: These ABD’s are not academically qualified.
• Number of student credit hours self-reported as taught by academically qualified faculty is overstated in accounting, finance, and management science.
• Overly dependent on ABD’s in management science and finance.
• Check faculty development, promotion and tenure policies.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 24
AACSBFD.5 Faculty Qualifications
INTERPRETATION: Academically Qualified Faculty #5
(5) Substantial specialized coursework in the field of primary teaching responsibilities, but no doctoral degree. Individuals meeting this condition may constitute specialized instructional resources for the school. Such a faculty member may have a specialized master’s degree in a business-related field and have completed some coursework in a business doctoral program, or currently may be a student in a business doctoral program. These individuals are considered to be academically qualified, but their number should be limited. A school should not be substantially dependent in any discipline on persons with these qualifications.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 25
Faculty Qualifications
Review Classification of Each Faculty Member Classified as Academically Qualified
ACC
Full PRJ Proc Other SRAQ AQ
Rachmeler DBA ACC 3 0 4 1 1 Assoc Adams MA BusEd 0 0 6 0 0 Brock DBA ACC 2 0 4 1 1 Goebel EDD BusEd 1 0 0 1 0 Meek ABD ACC 0 0 7 1 0 Webster MBA ACC 0 0 22 0 0
4 2BLS
Prof Street JD 0 0 3 1 0 Assoc Bevel JD 0 0 0 1 0
2 0
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 26
Faculty Qualifications
ECN Prof PRJ Proc Other SRAQ AQ
Adhami PhD ECN 1 2 5 1 1 Assoc Koger MA ECN 0 0 5 0 0 Shuford PhD ECN 2 0 6 1 1 Wilkes PhD ECN 1 4 6 1 1
ASST Switalski PhD ECN 1 0 5 1 0 Smothers PhD ECN 2 4 10 1 1 Thomas PhD ECN 3 4 40 1 1 Zierdt PhD ECN 6 5 16 1 1
7 6
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 27
Faculty Qualifications
FIN Prof PRJ Proc Other SRAQ AQ
Holbrook PhD FIN 7 4 11 1 1 Sissom DBA ECN 0 0 5 1 0 Assoc Brooks PhD FIN 5 1 9 1 1
Asst Delorme ABD FIN 0 0 5 1 0 Emory ABD FIN 0 0 4 1 0
5 2
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 28
Faculty Qualifications
MGT Prof PRJ Proc Other SRAQ AQ
Agrawal PhD Ed 0 4 5 1 1 King PhD OB 0 7 8 1 1 Walker PhD HRM 6 9 6 1 1 Asst Cook PhD SM 1 2 8 1 1
4 4MIS Asst Blanton PhD MIS 0 10 7 1 1 Weir PhD MIS 0 8 4 1 1
2 2MSC Asst Bond ABD QM 0 0 8 1 0 Haas PhD QM 3 5 2 1 1
2 1
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 29
Faculty Qualifications
MKT Assoc PRJ Proc Other SRAQ AQ
Abernathy PhD MKT 2 5 2 1 1 Holloway DBA MKT 0 3 8 1 0 Jordan MS MKT 0 0 2 0 0 Asst Maddux PhD Exp Psy 2 9 1 1 1 Mabry PhD MKT 0 9 1 1 1
4 3 _ _
Total Full Time Faculty 34 30 20 58%
Percentages of Faculty making intellectual contributions: 33/34 = 97%
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 30
Peeler University
Impact of Reclassification of Academically Qualified Faculty
• More than one-half of the faculty have at least 2 Peer Reviewed Journal articles or 4 to 5 Proceedings in last five years (58%).
• More than eighty percent of the faculty have made intellectual contributions in last five years (97%).
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 31
Peeler University
Impact of Reclassification of Academically Qualified Faculty
• Actual number of academically qualified faculty drops from 30 to 20. Still more than required academically qualified MFTE faculty, 12.2.
• Actual number of academically or professionally qualified FTE faculty 22. Equal to required minimum, if each of the 8 part-time faculty meet the professionally qualified “burden of justification.
• Need to review the deployment of qualified faculty across programs and disciplines within the context of the school’s mission and the students’ needs FD.5BFJ#3
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 32
Peeler University
Deployment of Qualified Faculty
SCH FT SRAQ AQ
ACC D 1575 1356 756 48% 300 19% E 621 420 420 68% 252 40%T 2196 1776 1176 54% 552 25%
BLS D 687 687 687 100% 0 0%E 63 63 63 100% 0 0%T 750 750 750 100% 0 0%
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 33
Peeler University
Deployment of Qualified Faculty
SCH FT SRAQ AQ
ECN D 2067 2067 1791 87% 1551 75% E 294 294 294 100% 294 100%T 2361 2361 2085 88% 1845 78%
FIN D 528 528 528 100% 210 40%E 132 132 132 100% 132 100%T 660 660 660 100% 342 52%
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 34
Peeler University
Deployment of Qualified Faculty
SCH FT SRAQ AQ
MGT D 1422 1089 1089 76% 1089 76% E 336 336 336 100% 336 100%T 1758 1425 1425 81% 1425 81%
MIS D 213 213 213 100% 213 100%E 0 0 0 NA 0 NAT 213 213 213 100% 213 100 %
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 35
Peeler University
Deployment of Qualified Faculty
SCH FT SRAQ AQ
MSC D 432 432 432 100% 246 57% E 99 99 99 100% 0 0%T 531 531 531 100% 246 46%
MKT D 1035 1035 810 78% 642 62%E 297 297 237 80% 144 48%T 1332 1332 1047 79% 786 59%
Totals 9801 9048 7887 80% 5409 55%
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 36
Peeler University
Deployment of Qualified Faculty
Assessment: Deployment of faculty incongruent with standards FD5, FD4, and IC.
% of SCH taught by academically qualified faculty ranges from 0% in BLS to 100% in MIS.
Majors: ACC 25%ECN 78%FIN 52%MGT 81%MKT 59%
Particularly troublesome is accounting day with 19% SCH taught by academically qualified faculty.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 37
Peeler UniversityAdds
MBA Program
Relative Emphasis Shifts to
• 60% Teaching
• 20% Research
• 20% Service
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 38
Peeler University
Graduate Faculty Criteria for Appointment
Full members: 1. Hold an appointment in a tenure track position
2. Must hold a research oriented terminal degree 3. Must present evidence of continuing
scholarly research or creative activity such as published papers,
presentations, professional consulting and or other contributionsAssociate members: 1. Must hold a masters degree
2. Must have expertise or experience in the discipline
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 39
Peeler University
After a review of Graduate Faculty Criteria, need to check Promotion and Tenure Criteria.
Request a roster of faculty deployed to teach graduate courses.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 40
Peeler University
Deployment of Faculty in the Graduate ProgramMBAFall
GF 2 PRJECN 605 Economics Adhami No - 1FIN 606 Fin Mgt Holbrook Yes - 7MGT 630 Org Beh King No - 0MKT 670 Labor Rel Walker Yes - 6MSC 604 QM Bond No - ABD - 0MSC 650 POM Haas Yes - 3MKT 680 MKT Abernathy Yes - 2 7 sections 4 Yes, 3 No
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 41
Peeler UniversityDeployment of Faculty in the Graduate Program
MBASpring
GF 2 PRJACC 602 MGRL Rachmeler Yes - 3ACC 603 Functions Meek No - ABD - 0BLS 601 Envnmt Street No - 0ECN 620 MGRL Adhami No - 1FIN 606 FIN MGT Brooks Yes - 5MGT 630 Org Beh King No - 0MGT 640 Personnel Walker Yes - 6MGT 699 Policy Cook No - 1MSC 604 QM Haas Yes - 3MKT 680 MKT Maddux Yes - 2 10 sections 5 Yes, 5 No
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 42
Peeler UniversityDeployment of Faculty in the Graduate Program
MBA
Assessment:17 Sections offered during the academic year8 sections taught by faculty without graduate faculty credentials
Deployment of faculty to MBA program is incongruent with standards FD4, FD5, and IC
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 43
Peeler UniversityDeployment of Faculty in the Graduate Program
Impact on the Undergraduate Program
13 faculty teaching in the MBA program were moved from 12 hours to 9 hours per semester teaching loads to permit them to meet the expectations held for them with regard to intellectual contributions.
Fall Spring
13 sections release 13 sections release 7 sections reassigned to MBA 10 sections reassigned to MBA20 sections covered by part- 23 sections covered by part- time faculty or merged with time faculty or merged with other undergraduate sections other undergraduate sections
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 44
AACSB
Impact of MBA Program on Intellectual Contributions Expectations
FD.5 BFJ#1: “The percentage of academically qualified faculty required for a school with graduate degree programs should exceed the percentage required for schools with no graduate degree programs.”
IC BFJ: “Generally, schools with greater emphasis on graduate instruction relative to undergraduate instruction should place greater emphasis in basic and applied scholarship.”
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 45
Peeler UniversityDeployment of Faculty in the Graduate Program
Impact on Intellectual Contributions Expectations
1. Faculty teaching in the MBA program will have at least 2 peer-reviewed journal articles during the last five years.2. At least one-half the faculty in each discipline will have at least 2 peer-reviewed journal articles in the last five years.3. At least three-fourths of the faculty in each discipline will have at least 2 peer-reviewed journal articles or proceedings during the last five years.
David Billings, Intellectual Contributions and Faculty Deployment, page 46
Summary
• A change in mission impacts expectations for intellectual contributions, qualifications of faculty, and deployment of faculty.
• A change in relative emphasis among teaching, research, and service impacts expectations for intellectual contributions and deployment of faculty.
• Have your faculty development program help all your faculty to make intellectual contributions.
• Keep qualified faculty in each program, major, area of emphasis and location. Don’t starve your undergraduate program to feed your graduate program.
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