Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
An Improved Approach to Handling non-English ESI using Low-Cost
AI-Base Translation and an Integrated Review Platform
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Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
About Lexbe
We’re an Austin, TX based provider of highly affordable cloud-based eDiscovery software and services provider, specializing in serving boutique law firms and organizations. We provide:
● The Industry’s Most Affordable and Full-Featured DIY eDiscovery Platform● The Industry’s Fastest eDiscovery Processing & Document Review Software● Experienced eDiscovery Specialists and Expert Consultants
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“A powerful litigation document management service”
“Cost-effective eDiscovery”
****TITLE: Unbuntu 10px****Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
Guest Speaker
● CEO of Lexbe, a provider of cloud-based litigation processing, review and document management software & eDiscovery services
● Frequent speaker/author on eDiscovery and legal technology issues
● Planning Committee, Electronic Discovery Institute, State Bar of Texas
● eDiscovery consultant & expert
● EducationMBA, University of TexasJD, Southern Methodist UniversityBA, University of Texas
Gene Albert512-686-3460
https://www.linkedin.com/in/gene-albert
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
Agenda
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
● What is driving the need for foreign language review?
● Overview of foreign language review methodologies & budget preparation
● New AI-based machine translation approaches and applicability to legal review
● Integrated foreign language document review advantages
● Key takeaways in planning a foreign document review
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
Increased foreign language review factors
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
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Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
● Growing ESI volumes increase the likelihood of multiple languages in a collection
● Increasing foreign direct investment/involvement in American corporate environment
● Globalization = more transnational business transactions and arrangements
● More cross-border workforces; ‘’Spanglish” problem (mixed language email threads)
“In our global economy, collections now often include documents in several languages. This is something that corporate legal departments have to deal with more frequently than ever. As a result, foreign language review is likely to be at the top of the list for outside counsel, corporate counsel, and anyone dealing with discovery.”
- Amy Kang, Esq.Black Letter Discovery
Factors Driving Increased Language Variability in Collections
Foreign language review workflow
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
● Collect Foreign Language Documents
● Understand the scope of languages within the collection
● Determine a translation methodology
● Identify responsive, privileged, PII, confidential, & key foreign language documents
● Produce non-translated, and redacted (if necessary) original document version
● Prepare privilege log, ID key documents for translation & depos
Foreign Language Review Workflow
Traditional challenges
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
Foreign Language Review Traditional Challenges
Methodology Benefits Potential Drawbacks
Translated to and reviewed in English
Accurate, availability of translation professionals
Expensive, no legal expertise
Reviewed in Native Language
Reviewers with understanding of legal principles
Expensive, difficult to assemble teams, slow
Machine Translation Fast, increasingly accurate, inexpensive
Need for native text extraction (not OCR); Possibly miss idiomatic/nuanced language (new AI-technology helps)
Methodology Cost Comparisons
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
Assumptions
Methodology Cost Comparisons
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
1. Human Translation of All Docs
Methodology Cost Comparisons
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
2. Foreign Review of All Docs
Methodology Cost Comparisons
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
3. AI-Based Machine Translation & Hybrid Review
Methodology Cost Comparisons
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
Cost Comparison
Qualitative Comparisons
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
Workflow Comparison
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
Foreign Doc Review AI-Machine/Human HybridForeign Docs Segregated
Assigned to Foreign Reviewers
Foreign Review (Resp, Priv, PII, Issues, Key Doc)
Key Docs human translated to English
Depos
Production(in original language)
Foreign Docs Segregated
Machine Translation to English
English Lang Review (Resp, Priv, PII, Issues, Key Doc)
Key Docs human translated to English
Depos
Production(in original language)
Benefits of Hybrid Translation
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
AI-based Machine-Translation• Auto-translate to English • Search, Review and Produce in native language• Reviewers ID key documents for human translation, if needed• Human translators translate key documents• Translators work in Integrated Environment
Workflow Benefits• Faster English search with auto-translation• Faster review with auto-translated text• Integrated review environment speeds search & review• Translators only translate key documents
Time Savings• No waiting for human translation• English-language lawyers get faster access to case data• Faster review & production
Cost Benefits• Only human translate key documents• For many documents machine translation is enough• Substantial cost savings
AI-Based Translation Technology
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
Modern Machine Translation Systems● Most current modern machine translation systems have moved away from word and phrase
based translations that rely on statistical rule-based translation algorithms
● Instead they use Neural Machine Translation○ Data, rather than dictionary, driven○ Translates at the phrase/sentence level, rather than words○ Takes into account grammar, semantics and context, other factors
● Popular translation services used in eDiscovery:○ Amazon Translate○ Google Translate○ Microsoft Bing Translate
What is Neural Machine Translation?
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
From Amazon:
● What: Neural machine translation (NMT) is an approach to machine translation that uses deep learning models rather than traditional statistical rule-based translation algorithms.
● How: NMT uses a large artificial neural network to predict the likelihood of a sequence of words, typically modeling entire sentences in a single integrated model. Artificial neural network systems "learn" to perform tasks by considering examples, generally without being programmed with any task-specific rules.
*https://aws.amazon.com/translate/
What is integrated foreign language review?
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
● Easily switch between original language and translated version using ‘tabs’
● Allows English-only reviewers to understand the content of foreign language documents with confidence
● Supports machine translation, manual translation, and foreign language review methodologies
Integrated Translation Viewer
What is integrated foreign language review?
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
Easy Comparison Original & Translated
2 - Auto-Translation
3- Benefits• Easy Tabbed Navigation• Compare English & Foreign
1- Foreign Original• HTML tab in text• Original in PDF
• Auto Translate to English
• Translated Tab
Benefits of a Multilingual ‘Uber-Index’ Search Index
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
Cross-language Results
Dual-Language Results1 - Search in Spanish2 - Results in Spanish
3 - Search in English4 - Results in English
Dual Language Search• ‘Suprema Corte’ in Spanish• ‘Supreme Court’ in English• Uber-Index Search in both languages
Concept Identification• Concept Search expands language associations
1
2
3
4
Benefits of a Multilingual Search Index
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
Ex. Case With German Documents
Multi-language Search
Concept Search for
“Office”or “Bureau” or “Branch”
Will Also Return
“Bürogebäude” , “Niederlassung”, “Geschäftsstelle”, “Behörde”
Concept Identification• Concept Search expands language associations
• Doesn’t work well with acronyms, terms of art, abbreviations
1- Foreign Original• HTML tab in text• Original in PDF
2 - English
• Auto Translate to English
• English Highlights
What is integrated foreign language review?
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
Highlighted Hits in Original & English
3- Benefits• Easy Tabbed Navigation• Compare English & Foreign
Merging Updated Translation
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
Key Doc Human Translation WorkflowOriginal Non-English
Doc Uploaded
Machine Translated to English
Docs Reviewed & Coded in English
Key Docs Identified
Key Docs Sent to Certified Translator
Certified Translation Merged in Doc Record
Search Index Auto-Updated
● LEP Translated Tab houses corresponding Doc translation● Auto-populates when translation is run through LEP● Manual translation upload function available in Doc Viewer● Manual translation merges (bulk) available through processing
Importance of maintaining single document records
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
VoipEmail
iPhones Peer-to-Peer
Online StorageDigital Cameras
Facebook | LinkedIn DropBox | Backup Devices
Elastic Storage | SaaS | Google StreetsPersonal Blogs | Skype | World Satellite Images
Personal Scanners | Customer Service Recordings Public Webcams | Google Drive | Netbooks | Cloud Instance Servers | PaaS
1) A translated version of the original document is uploaded into the review platform.
2) English only reviewers begin conducting keyword searches to identify responsive, privileged documents
3) Reviewers identify a translated version as privileged, will be withheld from production. Original has not been identified as privileged.
4) Unless the privilege review protocol is repeated in every language that appears in the collection, there is a chance that the original version is produced.
Single Document Review Record for Coding
Out of synch review designations increase the risk of privilege waiver and/or withholding of responsive documents!
Original Translation
Effect of Scalability on integrated translation workflows
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
● Machine translation methodologies can combine with scalable cloud architectures to automatically translate foreign language documents quickly and make them immediately available for search and review.
● An initial review of machine translated documents can then determine if key documents require more concentrated manual translations or foreign language review by a native speaker with legal training.
● This approach can significantly reduce the time it takes to make translated version available for review.
Scalability & Speed
Summary - Use of Machine Translation for Review
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
● New neural network machine translation technologies improves machine translation quality and makes this approach viable and cost-effective for legal review
● English-language reviewers use machine translations for review, production, privilege review, and key document identification
● Key docs are human translated to English and substituted in the document record
● Hybrid AI-machine translation-based workflow speeds review, production and English-speaking attorneys assessment of key case evidence
● Reduced review costs
Summary - Integrated Foreign Language Review
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
● Support superior review team collaboration by allowing English speaking and foreign language reviewers to work within a single platform
● Maintain the relationship between the original version of a document and its English translation to maintain synchronicity between respective review designations
● Allow workflow of substitution of machine to human translation of the same document and record
● Search in any language to generate multi-lingual results
● Conduct multilingual concept searches to find all of the documents discussing particular issues and concepts.
● Reduce the overall time and expense of foreign language review and discovery by applying scalable resources to maximize workflow throughput
Key Takeaways - Planning for a Foreign Language Review
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
● Identify cases with foreign language document reviews early on through custodian interviews and other means.
● ID foreign language custodians early; test for multiple languages in an email thread - the “Spanglish” issue.
● Determine amount of review set including foreign language documents (in GBs, documents, & pages).
● Research availability, cost and time required for foreign reviewers of non-English documents (for budgeting).
● Develop a foreign document review protocol, including coding for responsive, privilege, PII, redaction, issue coding, and key document identification.
Key Takeaways - Planning for a Foreign Language Review
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
● Estimate costs and timing for key document translation of foreign-language documents to English (for budgeting).
● Prepare a budget for foreign-language review of non-English documents using the above for assumptions.
● Determine methodology of foreign language review and contract with vendors.
● When negotiating ESI orders and case schedules, take into account increased production timelines & deadlines requiring foreign language reviews, if needed.
● Consider if local laws and vendors support transfer of custodian ESI cross-border and related privacy issues. E.g., GDPR.
● When generating search keywords for culling and review, take into account foreign language terms, translations and concept synonyms.
Key Takeaways - Planning for a Foreign Language Review
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
● Select an eDiscovery/document review platform that supports multi-language review.
● Determine support for robust AI-based machine translation option.
● Determine review platform support for a single-record architecture, including the English and non-English versions, with easy navigation between language versions (e.g., tab-ed environment).
● Establish procedure of software capacity on review platform for seamless substitution of a later human translation for an earlier machine translation.
● Check review platform capacity for cross-language search and concept concept search for more accurate search.
The Power of AWS
The Lexbe Solution
● On-Demand Cloud-Based Lexbe equips you with better than Big Law infrastructure for a fraction of the price and resource requirement
- Auto-scales to efficiently meet the exact demands of your case- Lightning-fast- Highly secure- Easily accessed from Internet enabled devices (PCs, Macs, iPhones,
iPads and Android devices)
The Lexbe eDiscovery Platform
The Benefits of the Lexbe / AWS Innovation Relationship
- Continuous Improvement of Your Lexbe Subscription○ Neural Machine Transcription○ The Lowest Prices○ Lightning Fast and Unlimited Scalability
- New Advanced Services○ Neural Network Translation (Translation 2.0)○ Advanced AI Features
Native Characters
Translated Characters
All Characters From Native Files are Extracted and Included in the Uber Index.
All OCR Characters are Extracted and Included in the Uber Index.
All Images are OCR’d, Characters Extracted and Included in the Uber Index.
Lexbe’s Translation Engine Feeds the Uber Index All Translated Characters
OCR Characters
Image OCR Characters
Four Critical Data Sources Feed the Lexbe Uber IndexSM Resulting in the Industry’s Most Complete Index and Search Platform.
eDiscovery Innovations
Equipping You with Powerful Technology that is Simple to Use
Simple to Use / Feature Rich
NearDup Groupings Technology Assisted ReviewEmail Threading & Analysis
AI Powered Transcription Non-Email Communications
Expert Support
The Lexbe Solution
● Support Staff
○ Lexbe empowers firms without large litigation support departments to instantly increase their discovery and review capacities.
○ ACEDs certified professional services team.
○ Our 24 hour ticket system allows you to submit an IT issue to our support department.
Thank You for Attending
Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
We’ll be making the following available to webinar attendees:
● A recorded streaming version● MP3 podcast● PDF
Please let us know if you have any questions or comments about this webinar or suggestions for future topics. This webinar is part of the Lexbe eDiscovery Webinar Series. For notices of future live and on-Demand webinars as part of this series please email us at [email protected] or Follow us on LinkedIN.
Moderator:
Presenter:
Jeff [email protected](512) 653-8295
Gene [email protected](512)686-3382
Webinar Questions: [email protected]
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Integrated Foreign Language Document Review
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