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looking into the future for the lighting solutions of tomorrowknowledge

in lighting

no. 6

COPENHAGEN CONNECTINGLighting infrastructure in the smart city

THE EVOLUTION OF RETAIL

THE FUTURE OF LIGHTING

lighting research

e-Sense TuneLighting becomes personal

AN ICON REINCARNATEDFABULOUS FABIAN

HISTORY OF FAGERHULT 70 years of lighting knowledge

Dear Reader, In this issue of the Innovator we celebrate the 70th birthday of Fagerhult. When discussing what these 70 years represent the answer came quickly – 70 years of lighting knowledge, 70 years of innovation with focus on creating light that is good for people. This knowledge and innovation journey started with our founder, Bertil Svensson, wanting to give his mother the experience of doing her handicraft in good lighting. What began with a smartly designed floor lamp became our DNA. Our curiosity, innovative mind-set and the knowledge we have built over the years have prepared us for any challenge to come. Challenges in new technologies, new materials and new findings. The past few years we have seen a paradigm shift within the industry that can be summarised with three letters and is spelt LED. As the earth keeps spinning, time doesn’t stop and we keep looking into the future to find the lighting solutions of tomorrow. What are the trends in lighting, what is the next step and when? In the meantime, we see more and more new tech-nologies to exploit the fact that LEDs are electronics and that we are able to use the lights and electronics for more than just lighting. For those who dare to look up and think in new patterns, the possibilities with new technologies become greater than the limits. Connectivity is here to stay and it is growing fast. As a result we see the development of smart cities and smart buildings where the lighting system, its electronics and sensors are essentials part of information network. This is happening now and constantly evolving, faster than anyone could have imagined just a couple of years ago. So happy reading to all you innovators!

Elisabeth Back Head of Products and Brands – Fagerhult

publisher:

editor:

graphic design:

cover photo:

70 years of lighting knowledge!

Fagerhult Belysning AB

Åvägen 1,

SE 566 80, Habo, Sweden

Phone: +46 36 10 85 00

www.fagerhult.com

Klas Andersson, [email protected]

Fagerhult Inhouse

Mats Andersson

the innovator

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In this issueNO. 6

Fabulous Fabian – an icon reincarnated // 58

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4International year of light 2015Light is a vital part of our lives

70 years of lighting knowledgeThe story of Fagerhult

e-Sense TuneLighting becomes personal

The evolution of retailWhen the retail landscape evolves

The science of shoppingThe impact of light

Copenhagen connectingLighting infrastructure in the smart city

Lighting controlSimplicity is key

Tunable whiteNew research foundings

GalleryProjects and products we are proud of

The future of general lightingThoughts from two professionals

Innovations for better lightFrom the bulb to LED

Ambient light improves wellbeing Breakthrough in gerontology

e-Sense OrganicControls inspired by nature

Fabulous FabianAn icon reincarnated

A feeling of homeHästens – Crystal Clear Award winner

international year of light 2015

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Lighting represents almost 20 percent of global electricity consumption according to the International Energy Agency. The future development of society in both developed countries and emerging economies around the world are intimately tied up with the ability to effectively light our cities, workplaces, homes, schools and recreation areas.

text klas andersson | photo fagerhult, istock photos

Lighting provides safety and security, provides access to education, enhances architecture, and improves our quality of life. We take it for granted and often notice it only by its absence. However, as cities worldwide develop it is essential to employ new and innovative lighting design techniques and technologies that improve energy efficiency cost and control, that easily can be adapted to local needs.

light is not only visualLight plays a vital role in our daily lives and is an imperative cross-cutting discipline of science in the 21st century. It has revolutionised medicine, opened up international communication via the Internet, and continues to be central to linking cultural, economic and political aspects of the global society. On 20 December 2013, The United Nations (UN) General Assembly 68th Session proclaimed 2015 as the Inter-national Year of Light and Light-based Technologies (IYL 2015). This International Year has been the initiative of a large consortium of scien-tific bodies together with UNESCO, and

will bring together many different sta-keholders including scientific societies and unions, educational institutions, technology platforms, non-profit orga-nizations and private sector partners. The Global Secretariat is located at the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy. In proclaiming an International Year focusing on the topic of light science and its applications, the United Nations has recognised the importan-ce of raising global awareness about how light-based technologies promote sustainable development and provide solutions to global challenges in energy, education, agriculture and health.

light as a drugLight has been known for a long time to enable sight, safety and orientation. But light can do more than enable vision. Light has the power to energise, relax, increase alertness, cognitive performan-

ce and mood. Light is the most powerful regulator of the day-night-rhythm of people. Every day light exposure adjusts and stabilises the duration and timing of our sleep-wake cycle. Moreover, light is known to be an effective treatment for a variety of conditions that include mental disturbances such as Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) and certain kinds of sleep disorders. The ability of light to achieve these various non-visual effects depends on the spectrum, intensity, and tempo-ral pattern of the light, as well as the light-exposure history and preceding sleep behaviour of the individual. Therefore, the optimisation of a Human Centric Lighting solution for a given non-visual effect is only possible when this user context is accounted for. This requires a dedicated and tailor-made design, based on a profound understan-ding of the personal and environmental conditions of the use-case(s). A “one size fits all” Human Centric Lighting solution does not exist, and one may even do more harm than good when applying a solution beyond the context and scope it was designed for.

international year of light 2015

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can you see the stars? In most large cities of the world, it is no longer possible to appreciate the beauty of the night sky. Inefficient public lighting both wastes energy and causes “light pollution” that hides our universe from us. “Light pollution” is a form of environmental degradation in which excessive artificial outdoor lightings,

such as street lamps, neon signs, and illuminated sign boards, affect the natu-ral environment and the ecosystem. The wasteful light emitted directly upwards or reflected upwards from poorly-desig-ned artificial light sources can be scat-tered by clouds, fog, and pollutants like suspended particles in the atmosphere. The night sky is thus brightened, leading to a reduced number of stars visible in

the sky due to a decrease of the light contrast. light over the worldFrom India, Brazil and Iran, to Italy, Cuba and Senegal, throughout the course of 2015 the world will be paying their own local tributes to light with a series of events, lectures and festivals. To find out more visit www.light2015.org.

70 years of lighting knowledge

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70 years of lighting knowledgeFagerhult is the story of a man who saw the world with new eyes. Who spotted opportunities in technological advancements and in the world around him. And who shared his visions with others like him. 70 years later, our driving forces are

still innovation and knowledge – with a human focus.text amelie bergman | photo fagerhult

Our story begins at Christmas time. The year was 1943 and a young electrician, Bertil Svensson, had a brilliant idea for a Christmas gift for his mum. He bought an 18.6 mm light-gauge conduit, a bit of cord, a lamp holder and a mains plug from his employer. He asked a local carpenter to turn him a birchwood lamp foot, and found a 60 cm lampshade at the local department store. And then he sat down to assemble his very first light fixture. The result, a floor lamp in the shape of a question mark, was a big hit, bright-ening his mother’s crafts room on long, dark winter days. “Doing needlework by the light of a floor lamp was not very common in

those days,” Bertil said. “I didn’t spend a lot of money making that lamp, and when I saw what similar ones cost in the shops, I got the idea that maybe I could make a living making lamps.” “That was my whole idea. I had no thought at all about organisation, sales technique or distribution.” That would soon change. In 1945, Bertil Svensson teamed up with two childhood friends from Fagerhult. Helmer Andersson was a clever designer and production technician at Husq-varna. Harald Ulfenborg was a furniture manufacturer under the Ulferts brand. Together they started Fagerhults Lampindustri in an outbuilding on Bertil’s family farm in Fagerhult.

Bertil’s inventiveness, Helmer’s tech-nological genius and Harald’s contacts in the furniture industry became the foundation of a highly successful home lighting company. It was not an easy time. Europe lay in tatters after the Sec-ond World War and it was hard to obtain materials. But thanks to its neutrality policy, Sweden was in fairly good shape, and soon its industry was running at full tilt. In the beginning, Fagerhult focused on the home market, which was fuelled by the new Swedish welfare model. By autumn 1947, the company had outgrown the outbuilding and it moved to a newly built 98 m² factory. Since then that factory has been renovated


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“In 1948, Bertil discovered that there was a new light source – a fluorescent tube that produced a great amount of light at very low cost.”


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and expanded more than 40 times, now boasting 55.000 m². From the very first lamp, Bertil focused on meeting a human need and solving a problem. Using new materials and solutions, he had found a way to create added value for the user and profitability in his own production. An innovative approach that came to shape Fagerhult’s future activities and became a part of the company’s DNA. In 1948, Bertil discovered that there was a new light source – a fluorescent tube that produced a great amount of light at very low cost. Certain that this was the light solution of the future,

he developed an entire collection of fluorescent-tube luminaires. A decade later, this paid off in Fagerhult’s first big prestigious order: 5.000 specially designed luminaires for the iconic func-tionalist National Tax Board building in Stockholm, “Skatteskrapan”. Fagerhult moved into the contract market, quickly becoming a key player in public interiors. In the coming decades, the compa-ny grew steadily in the technical lighting field, although the focus remained on developing and manufacturing home lighting until well into the 1990s. By this time, Fagerhult’s signature traits of inquisitiveness and industriousness

had resulted in several innovations that changed the lives of millions of people. The innovative plastic luminaire Fabian, of which more than 4 million were sold, and recessed downlights in the form of the popular Pleiad model, are just a few examples. The courage to develop completely new luminaires based on relatively untested light sources is a shining trend throughout the years. When T5 fluorescent tubes were launched on the market, Fagerhult was one of the first companies to develop luminaires designed for the new light source. Fagerhult’s T5 luminaires combined

Bertil Svensson in his office in the late 70s.


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1960’s1945

1950’s

1940’s 1970’s


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in the worldKorean War endedElvis Presley debutedThe beginning of decolonisation in Africa and AsiaSputnik was the first satellite in spaceColour TV was introduced in 1953

fagerhultFagerhult delivered 5.000 specially designed flu-orescent luminaires for SkatteskrapanAt the end of 1950s Fagerhult had sales of SEK 3.5 million

in the worldBeginning of the Cold WarMahatma Gandhi was killedUN was founded Korean WarThe first LP-record was launched in USA

fagerhult First dedicated factory building completedFagerhult started manufacturing fluorescentluminairesFagerhult had sales of SEK 300.000

in the worldSecond World War ended

fagerhultFagerhult was founded in the world

US troops in VietnamBerlin Wall built Cuban Missile CrisisThe Beatles dominated popular musicMan landed on the moon

fagerhultFagerhult established in DenmarkFagerhult launched its first plastic luminaire, the best-seller Fabian Fagerhult had sales of SEK 20 million

in the worldWorld’s first PC – Altair International oil crisisSwedish pop group ABBA conquered the worldVietnam war ended

fagerhult Fagerhult established in Norway, Netherlands and GermanyFagerhult had sales of SEK 84 million


20151990’s

2000’s

2010’s1980’s


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in the worldBerlin Wall fell and the Cold War ended400 million people in 60 countries saw the Live Aid charity concertGlobal warming came to the attentionThe Compact Disc is introduced

fagerhultComputer work set new demands on lightingFagerhult had sales of SEK 212 million

in the worldNelson Mandela was freedGulf War Yugoslav WarsHong Kong was returned to China

fagerhultFagerhult established in Finland and The UK Fagerhult became a pioneer in T5 luminaires and launched the Pleiad downlight seriesFagerhult surpassed SEK 1 billion in sales

in the worldSwine flu pandemicSmart phones and mobile internet became a realityRobotic space vehicles landed on MarsFinancial crises

fagerhultFagerhult successfully launched LED products for all application areasAt the end of the decade Fagerhult had sales of SEK 3.0 billion with 2.200 employees

fagerhultFagerhult celebrates 70 years in lighting and have 50 percent in LED-salesThe Fagerhult Group has a sales of SEK 3.7 billion and 2370 employees

in the world9/11Iraq War

fagerhultFagerhult expanded into retail and outdoor lightingFagerhult launched the first LED luminaireFagerhult opened factory in ChinaFagerhult established in Estonia, Poland, France, Ireland, Australia, Dubai and Central europeFagerhult won Red Dot Design Awards for Orosso, and Open BoxFagerhult surpassed SEK 2 billion in sales


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“Delivering superior energy efficiency without compromising on glare reduction and visual comfort is our trademark.”


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the T5 light source, electronic controls and effective reflector materials that revolutionised the lighting industry and set a new standard for energy efficiency. When LED entered the scene 15 years later, the company followed the same path, generating as much light as possi-ble, with no compromises. The current head of development at Fagerhult, Leif Norrby, has been a part of the journey since 1978. He states that this uncompromising drive to offer the most benefit for users is still the defining characteristic of Fagerhult luminaires: “Delivering superior energy efficiency without compromising on glare reduction and visual comfort is our trademark. Working closely with leading research institutes has given us an advantage in developing proactive solutions – lights that make people happier, more alert and more active. Our sustainability concept doesn’t just cover energy conservation, environmen-tal impact and working conditions; it embraces the entire human context.” In 1969, Bertil – who had been the company’s CEO since 1949 – was invited to take over all shares in the company. This was the beginning of an international expansion that occurred both organically and through acquisi-tions. In the coming decade, Fagerhult established sales offices in Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands and Germany. It also bought out its Swedish competi-

tor Ateljé Lyktan. In 1984, Bertil left the office of CEO. A few years later, Fagerhult was acquired by the Swedish Almedahl Group. In 1993 it was time for the next acquisition, when the investment company Latour, under the leadership of the Douglas family, took over all shares in the corporate group. Latour gave Fagerhult another long-term and committed owner – and the Douglas family have remained a major owner even after Fagerhult’s introduction to the Stockholm Stock Exchange in 1997. Not long after that, Fagerhult estab-lished offices in the UK and the group for the first time surpassed SEK 1 billion in sales. The turn of the millennium kicked off a rapid expansion, and in 2005 Fagerhult opened its big production facility in Suzhou in China. Through sev-eral aggressive acquisitions, Fagerhult became one of the big names in the European lighting industry, not just in terms of technical development, but also in market share. Thanks to the Finnish company, Fagerhult began making inroads in the Russian market, alongside establishments and acqui-sitions in Central and Eastern Europe. Among the biggest acquisitions were Whitecroft Lighting in the UK, Project Lighting in Ireland, Waco in Belgium and Eagle Lighting in Australia. Two other interesting acquisitions – LampGustaf in Sweden with its subsidiary Elenco

and LTS in Germany – came to be the cornerstones of Fagerhult’s extensive focus on shop lighting and outdoor lighting. The operations were divided into three business units with their own manufacturing and development: Fagerhult Professional, Fagerhult Retail and Fagerhult Outdoor. In September 2006, Bertil Svensson received an honorary doctorate at Jönköping University for his “distin-guished life’s work as a national pioneer, entrepreneur and leading businessman in the lighting industry… and for impor-tant support to education and research in the lighting field”. Through the “Bertil & Britt Svensson Foundation for Lighting Technology” he supported new Swedish education in lighting technol-ogy, which would form the basis of the Lighting Academy. Just a few months later, in November, Bertil left this world at the age of 86. That same year, the Fagerhult Group surpassed sales of SEK 2 billion. In 2015, what had started out 70 years earlier as a three-man company with sales amounting to SEK 13.000 had become a world-wide company with 2400 employees and sales approaching SEK 4 billion. All thanks to Bertil, his mother Elisabeth and her needlework basket.

e-sense tune – lighting becomes personal

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e-Sense Tune – lighting becomes personalWouldn’t it be wonderful to have the lighting exactly as you want it, a light that adapts to your needs and personal preferences? Mimicking daylight, saving energy and energising you? e-Sense Tune does all that, and more. Now it’s a reality; the truly personal lighting solution.text amelie bergman | photo mats andersson

e-Sense Tune is a plug & play-system that has been developed by Fagerhult’s own project team under the direction of Daniel Unoson. It is an innovative, decentralised standalone-system or, as Daniel describes it: “It´s a truly personal, wireless light-ing control system that suits all applica-tions where one user at a time is allowed to control the light. It’s fast to install and easy to control – you just install the lumi-

naires and everything’s ready to go. If you want to expand the system, you just add another room, and another and another … scalability is fierce!” “Another strong argument for this solution is information safety. This kind of stand alone-system is not online, which makes it more difficult to hack. If attack-ing the system, it has to be done while physically inside the room, as it cannot be done over the Internet.”

auto-connect for allHuman-centric lighting is a strong trend, giving users the opportunity to work in a lighting environment that sup-ports alertness and wellbeing. e-Sense Tune is developed for any situation where the person “owns” the lighting and wants to adapt it to personal prefer-ences and tasks. It’s intended for cellular offices, conference rooms or activity areas and can easily be combined with


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You don’t have to direct your device to the luminaire, you only have to be present in the room together with it. Presence with-out a device gives a general lighting scene for cleaning services or similar.


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“It´s a truly personal, wireless lighting control system that suits all applications where one user at a time is allowed to control the light.”Daniel Unoson, Product and Application Manager at Fagerhult


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With the app for e-Sense Tune and a lighting system that includes the hard- and software required, you have a truly innovative lighting control in your hand, or in your pocket. The graphical interface is designed for ordinary users and very easy to understand even if you don’t have a clue about what Kelvin is.

Are you an Apple fan or do you prefer Android? No matter what, e-Sense Tune comes for both platforms, for phones, tabs or your computer. The same functionality and easy, understandable interface meets you in the application. Choose from four preset scenarios or create one or two of your own. As long as you have the device, the control is always at hand.

other types of control systems more suitable for large open plan offices. “e-Sense Tune is easily operated by each individual with a smartphone app. We have created an intuitive interface that’s really simple to handle. Once you’ve made your settings, the lighting systems will automatically identify you and adapt to your personal preferences as soon as you enter the room. The sys-tem connects via the latest bluetooth standard – bluetooth low energy ‘BT SMART’ and we’ve also developed a unique solution to make sure no users outside the room can affect the system.” The e-Sense Tune application has a function for each user to define two

different personal lighting scenes. It also incorporates daylight mimicking, where you can choose between two different settings inspired by nature. Both settings start with a lower intensity and a warm colour temperature. At lunchtime, the light peaks in intensity as well as in colour temperature, which until now has been getting cooler. During the after-noon, the intensity is once again lowered and the colour temperature gets a bit warmer. The difference between the two settings is that one is slightly cooler than the other, to match different personal daylight preferences. “Of course, the application also has a setting for harvesting daylight, making

sure that the lighting system optimises energy consumption according to the amount of daylight outside.”

in the occupancy cloud In the near future control systems like e-Sense Tune have great potential, says Daniel. “From a hardware perspective, they have the possibility to harvest information on, for example occupancy or default set-tings, and pass it on. Though, this requires a gateway and proper settings.”

the evolution of retail

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The evolution of retailWe have not always shopped the way we do today and retail brands have not always looked the way they do right now. At Fagerhult we carefully monitor trans-formations to ensure we can deliver the best suitable and innovative lighting solu-tions when the retail landscape evolves.text katarina morén styf | photo istock photo, elin nilsson, örjan henriksoon

At Fagerhult we like to look forward, but let us take a moment of retrospection to reflect on how the retail landscape has evolved over time. In-line with the industrial revolu-tion that accelerated the economy a consumer society emerged. This urba-nised social group, sharing a culture of consumption and changing fashion, were the catalyst the retail revolution. Shops were starting to pop up and those in a privileged position could shop till they dropped. Purchases happened over the counter where personal meeting and relationships were key when get-ting loyal customers and sales. what is in the future?Looking forward a few decades you could say that such experiences and services are as important now as then. Still the personal meeting, expertise and touch-and-feel possibilities are what differentiate retail brands from e-commerce. When bricks and mortar retail needs to create added value for the digital natives of the Generation I, they are transforming their brands into community hubs. These not only fuse commodities, education, cultures, art

and design – but also bring digital into a physical experience. Do not be surprised if high-tech 3D body scanners appear, calculating your exact measurements. So no more jeans fitting agony – at least not because of size doubts. Also, keep checking your smartphone when shopping. We will be seeing increased personal messaging

and offers appearing on your phone when entering a certain shop or passing certain aisles of products. the need for changeRetailers that can adapt and innovate in the face of changes will be in a better position to have a long-term engaging brand. The harsh truth is that the


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average Fortune 500 multi-corporation only lasts for 50 years – many vanish from our radar over our lifetime. This is why we increasingly understand that new approaches of thinking, doing, being and producing are needed if our brands are to last and consumers are to be kept happy and engaged. Successful long-lived retail brands such as Macy´s, Bloomingdales, Sears and Abercrombie & Fitch all originated between 1858–1892. They have mana-ged to constantly move their brand and offer forward to remain flourishing retail business today. When disruptive changes of economy, technology and

emerging middle class are impacting the marketplace, there also come major opportunities to take advantage of. fagerhults role in the evolutionAt Fagerhult we are part of the evolve-ment, creating better and more flexible lighting solutions that can adapt to retail transformations. For instance, our Marathon Tuneable, a LED spotlight that can tune white light from 2700 K up to 6500 K. This mean that we can use the same luminaire in the whole shop, but have a light that enhances different atmospheres and merchandise. A ligh-ting kept relevant in changing times.

“At Fagerhult we are part of the evolvement, creating better and more flexible lighting solutions that can adapt to retail transformations.”

Marathon Tunable White can tune in white colour temperatures from 2700 K to 6500 K in the same luminaire.


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the science of shopping

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The science of shoppingThere are several visual techniques used in a shop to dictate which products are discovered and how they are interpreted. We might believe we have full control of our purchases and the way we shop – but that is not always the case.text katarina morén styf | photo david holmqvist, istock photo

Jens NordfältJens Nordfält, PhD in store marketing, is dedicated to research and education at the Stockholm School of Economics.

the science of shopping

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All retailers are interested in increasing sales, using advanced and detailed procedures in terms of marketing and displays techniques to influence pur-chase decisions and light is one of the key factors. Research suggests that more than 65 percent of buying decisions are made in the physical store. All decisions are made consciously but the products and brands in a shop must pass our non-conscious filter to pop up as a viable choice. This amplifies the importance of the retailer to set the stage – since a lot of valuable decisions are made on site. Jens Nordfält, PhD in store mar-keting, is dedicated to research and education at the Stockholm School of Economics and at the ICA, one of the Nordic region’s leading retail companies. “We know that the store experi-ence affects the consumer significantly. Many customers allow themselves to be influenced of what to buy, but also what they should think about a product’s price and quality. In fact, it is impossible to consider a product without being influenced by the perceptual system. And the perception is mainly affected by visual impression”, Jens explains. There are many factors that affect the decisions made in a shop; the prod-uct assortment, the brand, the pricing, how the merchandise is positioned and displayed both in the shop and on the shelves. Research has shown that the shop atmosphere is central; defined by the colours, lighting, scent, sound, design, size and shape. Correlations

between feelings such as joy and excite-ment affect not only the time spent in the shop but also the share of purchases made.

the impact of lightAs a large percentage of the purchase decisions are made in the shop, the atmosphere is an decisive factor as well as colours used. We believe that the lighting is an important element not only setting an atmosphere but also enhancing and signifying colours of the merchandise. Furthermore the light itself can enhance or generate colours by using Tunable White or RGB. There are a couple of experiments that have tested the effects of lighting, which is often treated as only one of many elements in the store. To summarise, the research studies show that warm colours draw more attention but conversely cool colours are more appreciated. These findings are something we at Fagerhult have incorporated in the way we plan light. We have examples where we have illuminated displays positioned next to the walls with blue LED strips casting blue light in the whole shop and using warmer light levels on the actual merchandise. Then we achieve a cool, encouraging atmosphere but also draw attention towards the products. This atmosphere can also be achieved with Tunable White that gives even greater flexibility for the retailer. Light has been proven to significant-ly affect two human areas: vision and

sense of excitement. Lighting is neces-sary for us as customers to process the relevant information in the shop, but it can also enhance specific products where the retailer wants to boost sales. In that way, a well planned lighting solution can increase sales. The commercial impact of a lighting installation can also relate to how well it correlates with the brand val-ues and the total shop experience. These values can be more difficult to measure in direct sales, but we know a good light-ing solution can reinforce brand value and give the visitor a better experience, even if the actual purchase is later made on-line. Lighting is an effective tool when you deliberately want to take the customer around the shop in a predetermined order, and a perfect way to complement and strengthen the effects of the layout of the store.

light that sellWe have done tests in shops where we displayed soft drinks bottles with narrow beams and a warm light to bring out the warm colours of the bottles. We com-pared this with the same display using only the general store lighting, which is very common in supermarkets today. The customers paid more attention to the accentuated bottles and the sales of those increased. It all comes down to how our eyes and senses work. Our eyes and senses are always looking and searching for the brightest spot, that’s where the information is – no light, no information.

Source: In-store marketing – research and industry knowledge in retail, Jens Nordfält. 2007.

copenhagen connecting

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Copenhagen brings connectivity to a new level. In the project Copenhagen Connecting the streetlights play a key role in the infrastructure for the new “smart city”.

text amelie bergman | photo rasmus flindt pedersen, ty stange, nicolai perjesi, istock photo

Copenhagen ConnectingLighting infrastructure and smart city solutions


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Every city wants to be one – but what is it? Opinions on how a “smart city” should be are as many as the aspirants, though there is an end result which counts for them all. By using modern technologies knitted together, the smart city is a step towards a more sustainable society. The development is driven by urbanisation. In Metropolitan areas the concept is a way to meet the pressures resulting from an increasing population. The EU is an enthusiastic promoter of the movement and is running its own “Smart Cities Initiative” in order to accelerate the transformation of cities into fossil-free and low-resource communities.

holistic approachCopenhagen is considered a frontrunner and was recently awarded the Smart Cities Award for its “Copenhagen Con-necting”-project. “It’s extremely important that you don’t embark on this kind of project for technology’s own sake. A smart city should be created for the benefit of the citizens, to improve their quality of life. For Copenhagen this is also an important step to realise our vision of a C02-neutral city in 2025”, says Søren Kvist, spokesperson and Project Manag-er at Copenhagen Solutions Lab, the City of Copenhagens incubator for smart city initiatives. Copenhagen Solutions Lab works cross-departmental with the city’s administration, in partnership with local and international companies and

knowledge institutions. This task group provides a 360 sounding board to evoke and test new ideas, technologies and solutions to create a more liveable city in Copenhagen. “The smart city cannot be seen solely as a matter for the community. We need to interact with many different stakeholders: universities, business life and companies related to energy, water, gas, telecom, sanitation and so on… The realisation of a smart city needs a holistic approach and we’ve found this is an easier way to communicate.”

lighting as infrastructureAnd even if the potential is endless, the connected society has to be born according to a plan. Before heading off, experts were hired to identify pos-sibilities and socio-economic effects. Right now, Copenhagen Connecting is entering a new phase. A test area is built for evaluating different solutions and techniques. “We’re not first to the ball, many of these technologies have been tried in other cities – but we need to make sure that they’ll work in our Nordic climate and environment”, says Søren Kvist. An innovative twist is how Copenhagen is planning to use outdoor lighting as infrastructure for the smart initiative. Street lighting is everywhere and every luminaire is connected with electricity, something that’s crucial to get all this tech stuff working. In the coming years 20 000 existing streetlights will also be changed into LEDs. “Of course it’s a good thing for the

environment as they are very energy efficient. But it’s interesting how light-ing is also turning into an infrastructure solution, as a vital part when building connectivity”, says Søren Kvist. Every LED-module can be connected to the city’s IT-system where they can interact with each other. The lighting poles are also excellent for housing sensor equipment for water, wind and pollution as well as for traffic sensors. “LED-luminaires also have an important advantage as they are always operating. They’re never totally switched off, only dimmed to extremely low levels. This means that other equipment will have power supply, regardless of the time of day.”

“A smart city should be created for the benefit of the citizens, to improve their quality of life.”Søren Kvist, Project Manager at Copenhagen Solutions Lab, Copenhagen

Søren KvistSøren is Project Manager at Copenhagen Solutions Lab, the City of Copenhagens in-cubator for smart city initiatives. Søren has the architectural overview of Copenhagen Connecting and is an engaged spokesper-son for a digital infrastructure, that creates the platform for smart city solutions of the future.

Photo:Ty Stange.


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Photo: Rasmus Flindt Pedersen. Photo: Nicolai Perjesi.

Photo:Ty Stange.


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from traffic to floodingThe ideas are flowing. “Traffic is a core subject. For exam-ple, we can use the system to generate data for traffic lights, in order to create green waves for car drivers, cyclists and pedestrians. This means reduced pollu-tion related to red light starts and stops and a safer traffic environment with less accidents. But it also saves valuable time for our citizens. Parking is crucial. If the system can be used to guide drivers directly to a free parking lot, it will save a lot of driving, irritation and CO2”, Søren Kvist explains. “Sanitation is another area that we are looking into. With the help of ‘intelligent trashbins’ we can keep the city clean and plan our routes in a more efficient way. Recently we’ve had some problems with heavy rains and flooding and this system could provide us with

the information to guide our efforts” Some of the ideas are already up and running as the municipality of Copenhagen is gifted with an enterpris-ing traffic department. For instance, one has developed a ‘green wave’ applica-tion helping commercial traffic to avoid red lights. Copenhagen is known for its well-developed cycling infrastructure and some routes are paved with LEDs shifting between red and green light. This helps the cyclists to keep the right speed and avoid unnecessary stops.

a sharing societySo, what can the lighting industry do to keep up the pace? “Actually, I think the industry is doing a lot. After many years focusing solely on energy efficiency, produc-ers have started to develop products adapted to network technology. I think

it is important to continue on this path, focusing on connectivity and Internet of Things. For us it is also vital that developers within the lighting industry choose to work with open technology”, says Søren Kvist. Open technology means flexibility and the possibility to share information for the greater good. “Our vision is to generate open data that can be shared with local entrepre-neurs and companies with business ideas that contribute to the smart city and peoples wellbeing. Of course, we carefully consider integrity issues at all times and living in a big data era we have to design all smart city solutions with citizens privacy rights in mind”.

lighting control – a look into the future

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Daniel UnosonDaniel is Product and Application Manager at Fagerhult with a key responsibility for de-velopment and implementation of controls in the product range.

lighting control – a look into the future

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Lighting control – a look into the futureSo, it is finally happening. Lighting control systems are booming with new intuitive and user-friendly applications. “Actually, lighting will form the core of our connected working environments”, says Daniel Unoson, Product and Application Manager at Fagerhult, looking into his crystal ball to see where we will end up next. text amelie bergman | photo mats andersson

You know the feeling: The growing frustration when trying to master the remote control in the conference room, while your customers are impatiently watching your every move. Or the defeat of calling the hotel front desk in the middle of the night on how to turn off the **** floor lamp that won’t respond to your feverish commands on the control panel. After decades of more or less intricate, non-user-friendly system solutions we’re finally up for a shift in paradigms. Lighting control systems have become more accessible and easier to install and use. At the same time, demand is growing really fast. There are several different factors behind the development, says Daniel. “As sustainability is an increas-ingly important issue in business, companies are searching for a way to minimise energy consumption. In this, lighting control systems are the natural approach. The new connectivity opens up for creative solutions and user-friendly interfaces enhancing the benefits.” The Internet of Things phenomena is exponentially growing. Right now about 8 billion units are connected. In 2020 the figure is estimated to between 50–100 billion. “No one really knows how much or how fast it will grow. But lighting plays a central part in this new Internet of Things infrastructure. As lighting is

present everywhere, in every building, it’s a natural connecting point.”

connected lightingUsing data from the lighting system is an interesting topic. “The lighting system could connect with ventilation or communication systems in conference rooms. It could also be developed to integrate with the occupancy cloud giving the company information about occupancy, space efficiency and cleaning. The collected occupational data from the lighting con-trol system can be of economic value. Right now, we see a lot of different ideas developing on the market. For example, different providers of vending machines or cleaning services could be willing to pay for information on how to manage their activities in the best way. And as long as it doesn’t intrude on person-al integrity – and the system is only logging activity, no personal data – it shouldn’t be a problem.”

simplicity is keyThis also changes the traditional role of the lighting company. “We’re not just a developer of innovative luminaires. Our knowledge in the field of lighting – what light is, the magic within and how it can be con-trolled for the greater good – is some-thing that our customers expect us to share in our different control systems.”

“In order to make those solutions effective, we have to offer a wide range of systems covering the different needs of different organisations. From advanced, heavily programmed custom-ised solutions with fixed router con-nections, to easy-installed plug & play solutions – and everything in between.” It’s quite obvious that different ways of working needs different approaches to lighting – and that a renovation and refurbishment project will have other requirements than a new construction. “The trend is obvious. Systems should be easy to install, program and use – simplicity is key. The possibility of continuous changes in the set-up is also important. I think that DALI will be the protocol used for controlling light also in the future, but the medium of trans-porting the signals, via wires or wireless, might be of another type.” How about using the lighting system for Internet access? Wireless Internet through ‘LiFi’ seems to be one of the hottest topics right now? “Hmm… I’ve tested LiFi and yes, it works. But it is still very limited, as you have to direct the phone’s camera at the luminaire at all times. If not, connection is disrupted. The way smartphones are designed today it makes it a bit hard to do the actual surfing. LiFi is an exciting technology but in situations where you have WiFi up and running, LiFi cannot compete. For the moment…”

new research takes tunable white to the next level

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Natural light helps us to set our biologi-cal clock and affects our wellbeing. And artificial lighting can be used for the same purpose. The circadian rhythm can be stimulated with light, for example by using higher levels with cooler light until noon and then slowly return to lower levels and warm light in the afternoon. Our preference for colour tempera-ture isn’t static, sometimes we want a cold, activating light, others a warm relaxing one. Tunable White is a new technology permitting the user to alter the colour temperature to what we prefer, via the luminaire itself or the complete lighting system. This kind of dynamic lighting can have a profound impact on the personal wellbeing, alert-ness and productivity, and the evolution of LEDs has initiated new research within the area.

the first in decadesTommy Govén and Thorbjörn Laike, researchers in Light and Lighting at Lund University, have previously conducted two studies to investigate how humans are affected by ambient light. This time, the research team has focused on which colour temperatures that people prefer

New research takes Tunable White to the next levelBlue light activates, warm light calms. Since the origin of life, daylight has set the rhythm for all beings. But do we all react the same to colour temperatures from differ-ent light sources? Researchers at Lund University have identified a correlation that will change the way we look at men and women. text amelie bergman | photo mats andersson, klas andersson, örjan henriksson, teddy strandqvist

in a laboratory study when using LED lighting. “A study of this type has only been made on fluorescent tubes. LED brings the question to the table once again”, says Tommy Govén. How do people react to different colours – warm and cold light – and is there any difference between us? How do we perceive LED light at different level proportions between in the working area and the surroundings within the normal field of view? The study examines the preferred colour temperatures of participants aged 20 to 70 years. The evaluation is holistic and also includes luminance, glare and LED light flicker.

105 different light scenesDuring the sessions the subjects could select their preferred colour temper-ature at different occasions from 21 individually fixed light scenes, easily controlled from a tablet. The intensity of lighting in the working plane was fixed at one of the seven steps in a scale from 50 – 1000 lux and the relation between the working area and the surroundings was set to either 5: 1, 2: 1 or 1:1.

Tommy Govén and Thorbjörn LaikeTommy is former Head of Lighting Technology & Research at Fagerhult, now retired but still active in research in Light and Lighting. Professor Torbjörn Laike from the Depart-ment of Architecture and Built Environ-ment, Lunds Technical University.


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... or a warm dimmed light for focus and personal conversations.

A cool, intense light that activates...


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The research team, Tommy Govén, Ines Ferreira, and Thorbjörn Laike, is visited by Klas Rejgård from Fagerhult.

In the experiment room. Checking, and checking again. Intensity and colour temperatures are checked.

“Actually, a study of this type has only been made on fluorescent tubes. LED brings the question to the table once again.”Tommy Govén, researcher in Light and Lighting


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Pozzo and Combilume (opposite page) are some of the luminaires with Tunable White.

“Most noticeably we see a clear difference between women and men. Women prefer a light that is slightly warmer, men prefer a light that is a bit colder”, reveals Tommy Govén. “Of course, you cannot separate men and women to work in different rooms! But this knowledge can mean a lot when developing new lighting solu-tions with Tunable White in the future. With increased knowledge about the user’s preferences it is possible to create more accurate solutions and probably to reduce the range in colour temperature in working areas.”

“For each scenario, the subjects could choose between colour tempera-tures from warm to cold, from 2700 K to 6500 K. This meant we programmed a total of 105 different variations. Fagerhult has participated in the studies by contributing with develop-ment and programming of the different lighting scenes.”

diffence between gendersThe results will be presented at the 28th CIE Session in Manchester, June 28th to July 4th and will most certainly get attention.

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Lighting is not only about the light itself; it also involves a technical context when finding a solution for a special application. In Gallery we present things we are proud of and that we want to share; some projects we have been a part of as well as some new innovative products.text klas andersson | photo mats andersson, örjan henriksson, martine hamilton knight, jonathan taylor, halvor gudim, jay directo, iemke ruige

Gallery

Things are happening fast on the lighting market, we now see more and more projects with only LED solutions in all segments and applications. New products from Fagerhult are all LED and sales are exploding. Just a few years ago, we could never imagine the fast impact of LED. But we must never forget about the perception of the lighting as LEDs

are to be handled with care in terms of glare and lighting comfort. We also see more and more prod-ucts with Tunable White, both in retail and commercial applications. In retail mainly for creating different experienc-es in the store. In offices dynamic light can help the biological clock keep time, especially during the dark months, or

in rooms with limited access to natural light. But light is not only technical, with nicely designed fittings with LEDs and control systems. The Liter of Light pro-ject run by MyShelterFoundation that we present is a truly innovative way to light up people’s lives.

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cundall, birmingham, united kingdom Cundall’s new 700 m2 office fit out project is a perfect hybrid of human-centric lighting and energy efficiency. The design concept focused on the needs of the staff and the activities they were undertaking, while paying consideration to the various exposures to daylight throughout the space. Intuitive and easy to understand controls played a central role, optimising the luminaires which included recessed Notor LED, Pleiad G3 and Avion. The net result was a workspace which, when operating at 100 % output, used only 6 W/m2 and in operation uses just under 4 W/m2. The project recently secured a CIBSE building performance award for lighting and a Lighting Design Award for Low Carbon Project of the Year.

Photo: Martine Hamilton Knight

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marathon tunable white Marathon Tuneable is a new interesting spotlight from Fagerhult. It is developed for the retail segment but works well for all type of areas that have the need for change in white colour temper-ature. Marathon Tunable enables you to change colour temperature with the same luminaire. The colour temperature is ranging from 2700 K to 6500 K. Different colour temperatures give different impressions, for example in jewellery shops gold jewellery are preferably illuminated with a warm-er colour temperature and silver jewellery are on the other hand more desirable in a colder light.

Photo: Örjan Henriksson

Different colour temperatures change the impression of a displayed item and now you can switch items on display without changing the luminaires.

Photo: Jonathan Taylor

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bath university, bath, united kingdom When Bath University wanted to up-grade their exterior lighting the only logical choice was a move to LED. The benefits in regards to both efficiency and maintenance were obvious, but equally as important was providing a safe and comfortable route through their campus at night. Vialume is equipped with unique Anti-Glare Control technol-ogy, assuring the visual comfort of passing cyclist, drivers and pedestrians. Azur post-tops indirect light, combined with opal surfaces, creates a soft and pleasant contrast close to the student halls.

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fornebu s, oslo, norwayThe standard at the shopping centre Fornebu S was set after the best use of sustainable design and environmental functions. Fornebu S is the world’s first shopping centre with a BREEAM “Outstanding” classification, which is the highest classification on its scale. At the annual BREEAM Awards 2015 Fornebu S also received two awards in the category “Retail New Construction” and the “Your BREEAM” award. And in March 2015 the building received another honourable price, the “Building of the year 2014” at the annual Nor-wegian Building gala. Several of the shops and the general areas at Fornebu S is illuminated by Fagerhult, including the 36.000 m2 large garage and the outdoor area.

Photo: Halvor Gudim

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Photo: Joimson / flickr.comPhoto: literoflightswitzerland.org

Photo: Jay Directo / litreoflight.org

liter of light brightens the life of thousands Imagine you live in a small, dark windowless shed along the railway. Electricity is expensive and your family’s economy doesn’t allow any investments in new technology. What to do? All that you need is a PET-bottle and knowledge! “Liter of Light” is a Philippine charity project that has brightened up 28 000 homes and the lives of 70 000 people in Metro Manila alone. The idea is very simple. You punch a hole in the tin roof, install the bottle and add some sealant. The bottle is filled with water and bleach – and voilà – you’ve got a sun cell driven bulb to brighten up your dark home. “Liter of Light” is run by MyShelter Foundation, literoflight.org

Photo: Mats Andersson

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Photo: Örjan Henriksson

evolumeEvolume 1 is the latest street lighting luminaire from Fagerhult merging energy efficiency and visual comfort with a contemporary, cost effec-tive design. Evolume 1 is an ideal solution for illuminating streets, parking lots, pedestrian and cycle pathways. Evolume 1 can be tilted to adapt to different road requirements. This in combi-nation with excellent light properties, long life and a modern design, makes Evolume 1 suitable for virtually any exterior environment at a low investment cost. Energy consumption can be recused by up to 80 % compared with traditional light sources when optimised with controls.

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munsterhuis sportscars, hengelo, the netherlandsMunsterhuis Sportscars is a dealer of the prestigious brands Ferrari and Maserati. Because of a new corporate identity from Ferrari/Maserati, the showroom had to be redesigned. The interior concept was created with a strong contemporary look back to the retro feeling. Therefore, we deliberately chose 3000 K as color temperature. A conscious choice is that each car has its own “light stage” through stretch ceilings that mark the position of the car. To accentuate the architectural lines LED stripes are positioned as effectively as possible, so that all alcoves guarantee an outstanding interior experience. A linear power LED module (Notor LED) has been chosen for the stretch ceilings and walls. All accent spots are Zone Evo recessed with specifically selected 3000 K LED modules and reflectors.

Photo: Iemke Ruige

what is the future of general lighting?

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Everyone seems to agree that LED technology is the future of general lighting. Yet, there is already a debate in the market about what might come next. Annetta Kelso, Senior Mar-keting Manager LED Systems at Philips, and Leif Norrby, Product Development Director at Fagerhult, share their professional and personal views on an industry in transformation. Who said that Lighting was a boring industry, where nothing ever happens?photo philips, marie peterson, örjan henriksson, fagerhult

What is the future of general lighting?


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Annetta KelsoAnnetta has worked for Philips Lighting in the UK and the Netherlands for over 27 years, in a variety of roles, including Product and Marketing management. For the last 15 years she has been active in the communication and market introductions of lamps, drivers and LED systems for European luminaire manufacturers. Other activities include managing the Philips Lighting Technology Training Program, speaking at Lighting conferences about the transforming lighting industry and writing many articles for the Lighting Trade press.

Annetta; what’s happening within the lighting industry right now? “In the first 20 years of my career in lighting I used to have some difficulty in describing to my friends what I liked about the the lighting industry and why I remained there. And indeed, if you looked at it as a dispassionate outsider then it did not seem a very compelling industry to work in. All those dreary fluorescent tubes, ‘awful’ compact fluorescents and ghostly low pressure sodium lamps. Dreadfully slow, extremely conservative, tradi-tional and dull. No-one envied me. But how different the situation is now. The coming of age of LED light sources for general lighting has shaken the whole industry to its core and dragged it in to the cyclical manufacturing patterns of the semi-conductors world. We have become an industry in the midst of a whirlwind of huge change. But also one that is quickly modernizing and reinventing itself, thereby appealing a lot more to today’s consumers and triggering wider interest.” What has the impact been on the lighting industry? “The psychology of a new tech-nology moving in on a 120 year old established, slow and traditional market has been fascinating to observe. I witnessed first-hand the emotions and struggles of the value chain, where huge mental change was taking place, provoking a whole cycle of reactions from denial, anger, scepticism and eventually acceptance. I faced shouting, angry lighting specifiers calling me a liar. I spoke to luminaire manufactur-ers, loudly denying the rapid advent of LEDs, yet proudly claiming 50 % of their turnover to be in LEDs a few years later.

The Lighting industry is maturing fast, but it is also an industry under severe stress. Lighting manufacturers today are heavily preoccupied with managing and mastering the mass penetration of LEDs, and its many new practical chal-lenges and application learnings. There is hardly ever a dull moment.” annetta about oled…There is a lot of discussion and antici-pation about OLED technology, which is attracting large R&D investments and gaining a strong foothold in the display panel market in mobile phones, laptop screens and televisions. What place and role might this technology occupy in the lighting world in the future? “OLED is a highly adaptive material that produces a very beautiful, soft, uniform light effect, without distressing glare. Yet compared to LED specifica-tions and price points OLED technology is still some years behind. It would be wrong to see OLED as a competitor or the successor of LED lighting, super-seding it in the future. It has always seemed quite obvious to me that OLED is a parallel technology, co-existing alongside LEDs, targeting very different applications with a distinct set of ben-efits. OLED technology is well suited to automotive lighting and also for ships and planes. It is also ideal for embed-ding in designer, artistic form factors, removing the boundaries of shape and size associated with conventional light-ing. Its transparency, slim dimensions and bendable characteristics make it a very flexible light source, ideal for archi-tectural and embedded applications, either in the home or semi-professional applications. Being able to integrate

“What if the future is not so much about a new lighting technology, as about the way that light is used and the way we interact with it?”Annetta Kelso, Senior Marketing Manager LED Systems at Philips


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light, make glass or mirrors glow, or create a sculptured, curved, diffuse pen-dant luminaire takes lighting to whole new levels that cannot be achieved with LEDs. It is a different playing field.”

… and laser technologyAnother technology that is increasingly being mentioned when considering successors to LED is laser diodes? “There is research emerging and there are early discussions taking place in the market. BMW has been devel-oping laser based headlamps, which extend the visibility to 600 m, which has grabbed the imagination. Laser light appears to be a good light source for applications where the light needs to be transported or guided over long distances, from one central, remote light source. Very similar to fibre optics which I’m familiar with from my previous experience as a Product manager. Laser technology is also being trialed in projector and beamer appli-cations, but not yet in general lighting. From the various sources I have come across on lasers and laser diodes, it seems that there are some quite tech-nical challenges still to be overcome as well, in the areas of efficiency, thermal

stability, colour rendering, uniformity of beam and safety.”

no turning backHow do you see the future of lighting? “Nowdays it is unthinkable that we would ever turn back the clock towards the old conventional light sources. It seems to me that LED technology is perfectly capable of providing efficient, high quality, white light, and will build up a formidable pedigree in the foresee-able future. And yet there are already those who are looking ahead and voices speaking out at conferences, debating what might come next. It is an interesting question; are there further major tech-nological changes, imminent or already apparent on the horizon?”

linked to emotionsApart from light itself, Annetta con-tinues, “I would look at the future of lighting from another perspective. What if the future is not so much about a new lighting technology, as about the way that light is used and the way we inter-act with it? What if lighting was to fit into to a larger eco-system and become valuable to end users for other reasons

than just providing illumination?” You are talking about connected lighting? “Yes, connected lighting is at the centre of all lighting discussions and speculations right now. And, unlike OLEDs and human centric lighting which are familiar terrain, connected lighting is still relatively unknown, undefined and more intangible. Yet it has the power to throw our current lighting world upside down (again) and change the way we experience and interact with light. Lighting is already joining the ‘Internet of Things’ in the consumer world. Connected light bulbs, such as the Philips Hue system, allow you to control the colours, ambience and intensity of the lights in your home, via your smart phone, when and where you want, at work, or on holiday. But they can also go beyond mere illumina-tion. Via apps the lamps can alert you to other significant events touching your life; football clubs scoring goals, stock prices rising, your husband about to arrive home (!). These are fun and exciting things that brighten up your everyday life. This is lighting linked to emotions.”

OLED’s transparency, slim dimensions and bendable characteristics make it a very flexible light source, ideal for architectural and embedded applications.


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professional lighting connectedBut would this fun element translate to the hard, rational professional lighting market? “Not likely! Any form of connected lighting in the professional world will have to be based on rational argumen-tation and the promise of money saving, or money generating activities. It will be about lighting, as a carrier for providing information about the way people are using a building, moving through a street, or shopping mall. Think of intelligent luminaires receiving signals and instructions, sending data and interacting with other systems and databases. It will be about managing lighting assets in a city, sim-plifying maintenance, gathering data to allow for manufacturers to offer service contracts.”

this happens nowWhy should we be so sure that this will happen, and why now? “All the market signals are now pointing to viable business cases. The cost per lighting fixture to be connected is predicted to be lower than ever, taking in to account reduced installation time due to quicker, simplified wiring and less commissioning issues. The omnipresent, extensive infra-structure of lighting will make it an ideal carrier for connectivity in the profes-sional and commercial world. We should think in terms of value creation through

the ‘real estate’ of lighting opportunity. The value of big data collection and analysis on the behaviour of people is recognised as a business opportunity by companies for more direct targeting of customers. And Lighting is everywhere where people are and is therefore an ideal platform to capture and monitor human centric data. In the ‘Connected Office’ intelligent lighting systems will not only provide light in a cost effective, efficient manner, but will also interact, via IT systems, with HVAC, blinds and security systems to offer even more savings and flexi-bility. Knowing how a building is used offers potential for reducing square meters per employee and therefore money savings. Similarly in Retail, targeted custom-er interaction can be greatly enhanced by knowing a person’s exact location in a store at a particular moment. All these connected lighting services will require software support, maintenance and consultancy support, an excellent opportunity for services and value added selling.”

connected lighting affect productsHow do you think connectivity will affect product development? “Connected lighting technology will enable multiple application possibilities and the challenge will be to define the winning propositions and their real benefits. The diversity and complexity

of options and products will certainly increase. I think we will see a rise in intelligent luminaires, equipped with smart hardware and software compo-nents, in the shape of LED Light engines, lamps, radios and sensors. Future proof, forwards and back-wards compatibility should be key criteria here to facilitate easy upgrades for future applications and solutions unknown today. System solutions should be robust, reliable and intuitive and easy to use. They will also need to address privacy, safety, reliability and system and data security”.

changed value chainWhat other changes do you foresee to make this happen? “None of this can be achieved by just maintaining the existing value chains and infrastructures. For lighting to be able to talk to different systems in a building or city, and link in to big data collection points, you need new parties such as IT companies, system integra-tors and software designers to become part of the new eco system. So with the Lighting and IT indus-tries set to entwine, new partnerships will arise around the current value chain, focusing on serving the profes-sional end user. Lighting companies will have to learn the language of system integrators, IT networks and software providers. The end user will be increasingly advised by a new breed


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Leif NorrbyLeif is Fagerhult’s Product Development Director, celebrating 37 years within the business – and with the company. During his career Leif has lived the revolutions of the compact fluorescent lights, T5 and LED.

of specifiers, with new forms of lighting tenders and products specifications.” So there are plenty of changes and innovation still to look forward to then? “There are still many steps to take along the road to connected lighting sys-tems and many unanswered questions. Much will change and this will not be an easy transition for lighting manufactur-ers. But with all the boundary conditions in place, the rewards could be substan-tial, as a whole new vista of value added service opportunities will open up. We live in exciting lighting times!”

from the fagerhult perspectiveThe lighting industry is in the middle of a paradigm shift, experiencing some radi-cal changes. What’s happening Leif? “We are experiencing the LED-fairy tale, for real. After years of discussions, preparations and product development, the technology is mature for commercial success. The market is booming right now. New products find their way to the market immediately, and the surge is intense. Five years back, the major part of our sales were products older than three years, novelties needed quite a long time to establish themselves on the market. Today, new products are driving the whole deal. In February 2015, LED counted for 60 percent of our monthly turnover. That pretty much says it all.” What are the challenges in your perspective at Fagerhult? “Actually, lighting has changed into another industry. Traditionally, lighting was a manufacturing industry focusing on mechanics and light sources. Today, we work with semiconductors, which basically means that we’re part of the electronics industry. This brings new demands on competence and skills development, both right now and in the future. As there’s a new, more energy and cost efficient LED-version presented every eight month, we also need to have the strength and capacity to upgrade the existing LED range at regular intervals. Not to forget; innovative product devel-opment has to be up and running at all times.”

fagerhult and connectivityWhat about connectivity? Is Fagerhult taking any actions within the field?

“In the story of connectivity, lighting has the opportunity to play a leading role, as it offers an already existing infrastruc-ture – indoors as well as outdoors. This infrastructure serves as a central part of the Internet of Things. Though, in my opinion, I think we should be aware that we’re only at the beginning of a long journey. There are many communicating devices to be linked together and it is a complicated process. At Fagerhult, we see great opportuni-ties and are following development very closely. It is reasonable to believe that lighting will be an asset when collecting data for the cloud, for example data on occupancy and efficiency. Information can be used for strategic decisions concerning facility management and organisational development. From being a provider of lighting solutions, I think lighting companies in the future will also have the role of consultants.”

led is here to staySo, what happens now? “From Fagerhult’s perspective, LED is the obvious technology for the foreseea-ble future. OLED is clearly interesting, but considering efficiency and cost aspects, I see OLED mainly as an alternative for architectural or creative solutions just as Annetta says. For professional lighting, LED is the most commercially viable option. And of course, LED will be further developed for new exciting applications. For exam-ple, I believe LED will be part of several integrated solutions – in wall modules or different types of store interior. In times of technical breakthrough and progression, I would also like to add something about the importance of visual comfort – very Fagerhult, I know…!” Leif says with a smile. He continues; “But we must not forget about visual comfort. LED light is incredibly intense and therefore it is more important than ever that we take into account the lighting environment. Glare and colour stability over time cannot be overlooked. Let’s not throw 70 years of acquired knowledge out the window. It might be a brave new world, but technol-ogy should always serve people.”


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innovations for better light

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Over the last 70 years within the lighting industry various new findings have come our way and we have embraced the change. When we started 1945 there was the light bulb but as the years have passed, new light sources and technologies have emerged, like the LED revolution of last couple of years.text klas andersson | photo fagerhult

Innovations for better light

For each new development we have increased our understanding of light, providing the stimulus for new solutions which deliver good, energy efficient, lighting for humans. A lot of the new findings have forced us to learn and re-think what we knew during the years.

compact fluorescent lampIn mid-eighties there was a new light source on the market, the compact flu-orescent lamp. Suddenly we were able to make energy efficient lighting with smaller dimensions such as downlights and wall luminaires. It was an intensive light source and there was a lot of light that had to be taken care of. This little light source could have a luminance (light intensity) up to 40.000 cd/m2! Basically we had the energy efficiency of a fluorescent tube in a miniature size. The new light source suddenly became an alternative to the traditional bulb in a lot of applications and led to a whole new range of stylish fittings.

reflector technologyIn the very first Pleiad downlighter that was released in mid-nineties we devel-oped a symmetrical light distribution

from a horizontally positioned lamp. Why horizontally? We simply wanted to keep the recess depth as low as possible since there often is a lack of space above the suspended ceiling. With a lot of engineering skills we designed a reflector with symmetrical light distribution with excellent cut-off from the horizontally positioned lamp! When others made cut-outs in the reflector for lamp switch we made a toggle solution for that in order to get the most light out of the Pleiad.

electronic ballastsIn the early nineties we also got the electronic, high frequency ballasts resulting in increased energy efficiency and a flicker-free light! At Fagerhult our big issue was controlling the heat on the ballast since heat kills electronic devices. After some years we introduced our own policy regarding thermal control and stated that we should always have at least a 5 °C margin to the stated TC-point on electronics.

the t5 led to r5-louvreAnother good example of innovation is when the T5 fluorescent lamp entered

the market in the mid-nineties, making many of the norms of T8 luminaires irrelevant. One aspect was that the T5 tube performed at the best at an ambi-ent temperature of 35 °C instead of T8’s 25 °C. Next thing was to decide what we should do with all light and how we should control it? The luminance in cd/m2 values rose about 50 per cent and compared to the T8 there where issues with glare from the new, highly intense light source. The answer was to design totally new double parabolic louvres that were not only glare-free but also provided higher efficiency to the luminaire. The solution consisted of side and cross reflectors where the cross blades were designed with a sealed top that reflected the light back into the side and top reflectors which minimised the light losses. The curved tops of the cross blades eliminated unwanted reflections on the side reflectors and gave a good mechanical cut off in all directions.

Pleiad downlighter with a symmetrical light distribution.


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Loop Light is one of Fagerhults best selling T5-products with more than 300.000 sold over the years.

To maximise the light output out of the luminaire we also made the cross blades thinner and that itself made the light opening’s area approximately 4 percent larger, resulting in higher efficiency.

ledLED revolutionised the lighting land-scape; high light flows ensured superb efficiency and economy, with a lifespan of tens of thousands of hours. From what was previously the domain of decorative accent lighting, LED technology evolved into a practical, general lighting option. To truly embrace the benefits of LED, and to address the demands it posed in issues of glare and heat management, required completely

new solutions, rather than just changing the light source. The great challenge with LEDs is to keep glare within reasonable levels. It is not unusual that diodes and LED modules have a luminance (light intensity) of over 300.000 cd/m². In con-trast, a standard T5 fluorescent tube has a luminance of 17.000 cd/m². Again, we started from scratch, developing new luminaires specifically for LED, creating viable solutions across the whole spectrum of a lighting project. LED’s greatest advantage is also its greatest challenge. Balancing efficiency with ergonomics. Combining good economy and lighting comfort. With our experience, lighting know-how and innovation we did just that .


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The r5 cross reflector.

breakthrough in gerontology?

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We live longer. As the average life expec-tancy increases, we are also increasing our expectations for a long and happy life. Retirement is postponed and people often choose to work into their 70’s. Consequently, there are many reasons to do research in the gerontological field. “Current and future retirees want to live an active life and want to remain liv-ing in their home environment as long as possible. It is also becoming more common to be cared for in one’s own home”, says Tommy Govén, researcher in Light and Lighting, who conducted the study with Prof. Thorbjörn Laike at Lund University. The research duo specialise in investigating how people are affected by increased ambient light, with their previous work focusing on students in primary and secondary schools. Now, they are looking into the situations of the elderly. The study is yet not com-plete and will be presented at the 28th

Breakthrough in gerontology? “Dynamic, ambient light improves the wellbeing and health for elderly”What if lighting could help the elderly to a happier and healthier life? Actually, it can! A new research project at Lund University indicates that dynamic, ambient light is a good recipe for golden oldies. text amelie bergman | photo teddy strandqvist, istock photos

Tommy GovénTommy is former head of research at Fagerhult. After retirement he has con-tinued working as a lighting researcher at Lund University together with Thorbjörn Laike at Lund University.

CIE Session in Manchester, June 28th to July 4th.

customised led-lightingThe aim was to explore whether dynamic ambient lighting may have a positive impact on the alertness, wellbeing and health of the elderly. The study was conducted in a nursing home with participants over the age of 80. A specially designed LED-luminaire for increased, glare-free, ambient lighting was designed and installed in the dif-ferent rooms of the nursing home – the resident’s bedroom, the day room and the dining room. Fagerhult contributed in the development of the luminaire and has also been involved in developing control- and measurement equipment as well programming of the different lighting scenes. The study was conducted over one year, investigating the resident’s feelings regarding light experience, wellbeing, alertness and sleep during the four

breakthrough in gerontology?

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“Current and future retirees want to live an active life and want to remain living in their home environment as long as possible. It is also becoming more common to be cared for in one’s own home.”Tommy Govén, researcher in Light and Lighting

seasons. Other parameters considered were nutrition and medication as well as energy consumption.

supports circadian rhythm Every one of us is affected by the sea-sons and the availability and absence of light. When getting older, the circadian rhythm is disturbed by various reasons. “The lens of the ageing eye leads less light to the retina and elderly who have difficulties moving may not have the opportunity to take advantage of the daylight outdoors. This may disturb

the circadian rhythm, leading to sleep disorders. Our hope is that the dynamic ambient light can make a difference”, explains Tommy Govén. Although no results yet been presented, it looks very promising, he reveals: “The test persons’ subjective expe-rience is that they felt less drowsy and more alert during the days, even in the dark season. The quality of sleep was also better for the experimental group; they tended to wake up less during the night. We have also noted fewer injuries

due to falls during the test period. An interesting turn is that all subjects have asked to maintain their new lighting…” If the presented results meet expec-tations, this knowledge may contribute to a new way of lighting the living environments of the elderly. “For the individual it means improved quality of life and health. For society, there are possibilities to major savings from less institutionalisation and lower costs for medication or treat-ment of injuries.” It’s time to enjoy our otium.

e-sense organic inspired by nature

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Powered by

e-sense organic inspired by nature

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e-Sense Organic can be compared to a school of fish, where every individual continuously makes small decisions in response to its neighbours and environ-ment. Each fish operates independently – yet it is part of a flexible system using distributed intelligence to solve com-plex problems easily, without central control. e-Sense Organic is a system that applies nature’s algorithms in a similar way. “This plug & play system is the perfect choice in situations where you want to achieve optimal energy savings without complicated installations or any programming at all. It’s very cost effective to install: you just put up the luminaires and that’s it”, explains Daniel Unoson, Product and Application Man-ager at Fagerhult.

like a conversationEach luminaire is equipped with a com-municating IR tranceiver. The moment a sensor node detects occupancy, the luminaire responds with a predeter-mined light level. Simultaneously, it communicates with the luminaries in its immediate surroundings, telling that there is something happening. The near-by luminaires react by lighting up on a slightly lower level, and continue to send the message forward. This way, the luminaires creates an “occupancy cloud”, sharing informa-tion and responding to it as individual fixtures. The premises are always lit to facilitate work and make people feel secure. “It’s almost like the luminaires are having a conversation. ‘I saw someone

Where to turn for an intuitive and extremely energy efficient lighting solution that needs no programming whatsoever? Ask nature! e-Sense Organic is an innovative light-ing control system inspired by natures intelligent communication.text amelie bergman | photo fagerhult, istock photo

e-Sense Organic inspired by nature

and lit up a 100 percent, I’d like you to turn your light on, but 80 percent is enough… I’ve heard there’s people around and 10 have lit up to 80 percent and I think you should as well, up to 30 percent…’ and so the dialogue goes on”, Daniel explains.

independent of changes Naturally, e-Sense Organic is equipped with daylight harvesting as well as presence detection features. As it is built on infrared communication, the system won’t be affected by layout changes. Walls and function can be changed without any engagement with the lighting. “It is flexibility in a nutshell.”

e-Sense Organic offers plug & play lighting control in i.e. open plan offices.

fabulous fabian – an icon reincarnated

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When launched in 1969 Fabian was Sweden’s – maybe even the worlds – ever first fitting made of plastic. It was a huge success and sold over 4 million copies. According to the birth certificate, Håkan Fransson is Fabian’s proud father. At the time of inception Håkan Fransson worked as an in house designer at Fagerhult. With a safe hand and fluent lines he imprinted Fagerhult’s visual expression during the late sixties. “I’ve always have had a soft spot for curved, chubby lines”, Håkan admits, while walking down memory lane.

“But I really do think that Fabian’s wild success was a spot-on combination of innovative material and design com-plimented by a very affordable price. Hey, it only took 11 seconds in assembly – that’s lean production!”

innovation at its bestYoung Fabian had been endowed with a range of fantastic properties, donated by his three fairy godfathers – former development manager Bernt-Olof Berntsson, engineer Jörgen Johansson and the late Elis Svensson, head of Fagerhult’s prototype workshop.

“At the time, Fagerhult was still a large supplier of domestic lighting and the marketing department called for a new wall mounted bedside luminaire with a competitive price tag”, as Jörgen Johans-son – still a member of Fagerhult’s development team – recalls. “Actually, our aim was to force the price all the way to the basement, and in order to do this we had to reinvent ourselves. Our eyes turned towards polypropylene that was quite new to the lighting industry.” “No one really knew what it was really capable of. But as it turned out”,

Fabulous Fabian – an icon reincarnatedWhen you turn 70 a birthday cake alone isn’t enough. We’re celebrating by taking up the production of a true Fagerhult icon! Fabian is a subtle retro fixture, deeply connect-ed with our innovative heritage. text amelie bergman | photo örjan henriksson, mats andersson, cecilia selvén

“We are planning to sell 10.000 units of this fantastic luminaire. Just go ahead!”Bertil Svensson, Fagerhult’s founder and managing director


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Fun Fabian factsborn: 1969father: Håkan Franssonsecret twin: While Fabian was baptised one of the co-workers at Fagerhult had a son. He was named Fabian and used to work as a forklift-operator at our warehouse.other siblings: The original Fabian bedside luminaire was later accompanied by floor-, table-, and window luminaires. A Swedish glass manufacturer also produced tumblers for beer and schnapps inspired by Fabian.assembly time: 11 secondsfancy friends: Fabian is represented at the Swedish National museum where it is part of the museum’s design collections.


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Engineer Jörgen Johansson and former development manager Bernt-Olof Berntsson.

Bernt-Olof Berntsson continues, “we had a local supplier of this brand new material.” The supplier’s main products were thermoses with a housing of injec-tion-moulded plastics that came in two different sizes. The housings could easily withstand the warmth from the hot beverages– but could it take the heat from a bulb? Trial and error was the only way forward. “We slaughtered two thermoses, one of each size, and from the two hous-

ings Elis created the first prototype”, Bernt-Olof remembers. Several prototypes later the devel-opment team had created a seamless, screwless design that could easily be implemented in the production system. Due to the absence of screws, assembly could easy be done with the help of a special fixture. The procedure was clocked at 11 seconds flat. Still, Fabian required heavy invest-ments. “I specifically remember one

meeting when the supplier pointed out that this would require some new, expensive injection tools. But Bertil Svensson, Fagerhult’s founder and managing director, was in good spirits. ‘We are planning to sell 10 000 units of this fantastic luminaire. Just go ahead!’, he said encouraging. No one could have guessed that Fabian actually would sell 4 million copies!”, Jörgen Johansson laughs. Fabian was off to a flying start as Swedish department store chain EPA

Product manager Peter Björkman.


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placed an initial order for 5.000. The introduction price was set to 19.95 SEK, equivalent to 18.80 € today. Fabian was cleverly marketed as an all-round luminaire that did not just belong in the bedroom, but in the living room and the study too. “You’ll need at least five Fabian at home!”, the ads stated. The fact that Fabian was offered in a wide range of colours following the latest interior design trends contributed to its persistent success. Soon, Fagerhult became known as the frontrunner within plastics. This resulted in several iconic luminaires as Cobra and Lucifer, the later designed by the “it” team in plastics – A & E Design,

Hans Ehrich and Tom Ahlström, who also created the classic Jordan dish brush.

colourful reincarnationFabian was taken out of production in the middle of the nineties and the arena has changed from domestic lighting to public lighting for Fabian’s second incarnation. It has also been the subject of a slight face lift and is now produced as a pendant; the proportions are a little bigger and the plastic housing has been replaced by sheet metal or opaque glass. The opaque shade has a contemporary twist sympathetic to the most varied of interiors. And there’s still one Fabian for

every room. Let it add some extra spar-kle over café tables, desks and counters, in windows, bars and hotels. The new Fabian has the same col-ourful spirit as the old one as the sheet metal housing can be coated in any shade you fancy. “There are 26 standard colours to choose from. We also offer an exclusive version in opaque glass”, says product manager Peter Björkman who has made sure that Fabian is just as up to date now, as it was then. “Fabian comes with a super-ef-ficient and dimmable, long life, high quality LED-module. It is truly a child of its time!”


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a feeling of home

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a feeling of home

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A feeling of home

“This shop should feel like home but also reflect our history”, says Linnea Blank, Concept Designer at Hästens. Hästens has a long history in manufacturing beds, 160 years in fact. It started back in 1852 in the small town of Köping in Sweden. Today distribu-tors in 40 countries around the world represent this well-known brand.

winner of sustainability awardSustainability and local production is important for Hästens. These are a few of the reasons why they choose Fagerhult as a lighting partner to pro-vide a creative and ultra-energy efficient lighting solution. The Lighting designer and the Light Agency at Fagerhult Retail established a creative collaboration with the concept department at Hästens. Together they found the right lighting solution for the new flagship shop at Birger Jarlsgatan in Stockholm, a process which resulted in the lighting became a part of their new shop concept. With only about 4,7 W/m2 this Hästens shop became one of a kind. To the extent that their flagship shop was the first retail store to win Fagerhult’s 2014 Crystal Clear Award. Highlighting the importance of working with an ecologi cal mind-set, the Crystal Clear Awards are a part of Fagerhult’s environ-mental initiative of the same name, recognising innovative sustainable thinking in the world of retail lighting. The jury of the Crystal Clear award 2014 were Jesper Kongshaug, well-known Danish lighting designer, Fagerhult’s very own lighting specialist

The luxury bed company Hästens new shop concept is based on recreating a feeling of home where you can sit down, have a coffee, read a book or even fall a sleep when try-ing out one of their comfortable beds. text elin nilsson | photo åke e:son lindman and paul esplana

a feeling of home

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and inspiring lecturer Henrik Clausen and Elisabeth Back, Head of Products and Brands at Fagerhult.

the jury’s motivation of the winner: Hästens managed to achieve the extraordinary feat of an energy consumption of only 4,7 W/m2. The solution, with the innovative use of mini spotlights in the sleep spa on the lower floor, is the result of a very creative light-ing design. The use of controls shows a very forward thinking attitude and provides a platform for yet further developments in the future. Not solely in regards to saving energy but also to create an atmosphere that attract customers and really captures their ethos, which is an investment in their brand as well as the commercial store.

lighting enhances the conceptLighting is an essential element of a shop’s interior design. Lighting contrib-utes to the atmosphere and provides visual quality so that the visitors can guide themselves and get a true experi-

ence of the brand. This is something Hästens put in a lot of effort in estab-lishing and they have used lighting to create dynamics and harmony at the shop’s different areas.

welcoming atmosphere The entrance floor is bright and has a welcoming feeling. The lighting solution is created to lead the customers into the shop. There are a few exclusive beds for display and areas for discussion and relaxation. Track mounted Zone Evo LED spotlights gives a comfortable light and its design is well suited to the interior. The spotlights create a luxuriate feeling that defines the room, equipped with cap cone accessories to reduce the glare. The display wall, with a variety of merchandise defined by the characteris-tic Hästens square pattern, is illumi-nated by Diva II, which provides discreet integrated lighting. Being situated in a popular shop-ping area in Stockholm places a large emphasis on the instant appeal of the store window. The lighting enhances the window space and there is a special

night lighting scene installed to intrigue the visitors after trading hours. The lighting solution for the stairs, leading to the bottom floor, is created to increase curiosity to enter the base-ment, so that the area is not mistaken for personnel or warehouse stairs.

sleep spaWhen you take the stairs one level down you enter a dark and cosy environment, a “sleep spa” where visitors can try out the different beds. The lower level is designed to increase relaxation and an intimate feeling for customers to explore their different options- reflected by their approach to the lighting. The low ceiling height of the base-ment floor lends itself to a solution with Fagerhult’s LED mini-spotlight, Relay. Relay spot has a track with three spot-light heads. These units create just the right cosy and intimate feeling Hästens were looking for. The Relay spotlights consume only 6–7 W compared to that of a regular one with 17 W. With this lighting solution Fagerhult were able to keep the consumption down to an

“The lighting in this concept is central for the feeling of the brand.”Linnea Blank, Concept Designer at Hästens

The flagship shop at Birger Jarlsgatan in Stockholm was the first retail shop to win Fagerhult’s sustainability award, Crystal Clear Award in 2014.

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The lighting at the lower level provides a harmonised and relaxed atmosphere where customers feel comfortable trying out the beds.

amazing 4,7 W per m2. “Using that kind of narrow beam spotlights with such low output was not an obvious decision. It meant taking a chance, to try something new. We tested it thoroughly before installing it”, says Paul Esplana, Lighting Designer at Fagerhult. During this process Fagerhult identified the possibility to enhance the product with specially developed cap cones to further reduce the glare. Now this solution is a part of Fagerhult’s standard range.

light control to future proof the installationSince Hästens is an exclusive shop populated by only a few customers at the same time, it is fairly easy to create a lighting solution with controls and movement sensors. A number of activ-ities are also programmed according to what time of the day it is. The control system is based on five different scenes. Amongst the functions there is a possibility to lower the accents- and integrated lighting

in selected areas. This is very useful, especially when it comes to finding the bed that is right for you without the risk of glare. A sensor is placed so when someone enters the door the accent lighting is lit up to create attention to the demo bed. There is also a night-light in the shop perfectly balanced with the street-lights outside. The outside logo sign is programmed to switch one hour before sunset and to switch off one hour after sunrise.

lighting became centralHästens has a strict environmental policy. They use mainly material from the surrounding area like Swedish pine and steel. All textiles are eco-certified. That is why it was important to go with a sustainable lighting solution. The combination of the right luminaires, for right purposes, with intelligent light controls, contributed to the low energy consumption that goes hand in hand with Hästens environmen-tal policy. As a conclusion Hästens is really

satisfied with the solution, which is both energy efficient, coherent with their brand and future proofed, since there are more control options to add in the future. “The lighting in this concept is cen-tral for the feeling of the brand we want to create, it enhances the luxurious feeling of the shop”, Linnea concludes. Hästens is now launching this shop concept on several international mar-kets like Netherlands and Spain. Fager-hult and Hästens have just finished a shop in Madrid with the new concept.

crystal clear awardThe Crystal Clear Award is a recognition of a sustainable and innovative thinking in the world of lighting. This year the award will focus on Indoor applications and the winner will be presented at Light+Building in Frankfurt.

Photo: Paul Esplana

www.fagerhult.com