Zoraini Wati AbasInstitute of Quality, Research &
Innovation/Faculty of Education and Languages
Open University MalaysiaKuala Lumpur
Fostering Learning Fostering Learning in a Mobile Worldin a Mobile World
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SUITM
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1980s
1990s
2000 -
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Mobile Devices
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Source: Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission, 2009http://www.skmm.gov.my/facts_figures/stats/index.asp
Mobile Scenario in Malaysia
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The driving forces in today’s world of mobile learning
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Generation Y Learners
• Video games• PC• Email• CDs• Individualist
Generation Generation X X 1965-801965-80
• Web• Cell phone• IM• MP3s• Online
communities
Net GenNet Gen(Digital Natives/(Digital Natives/Millennials)Millennials)1981-991981-99 (10-28 yrs old)(10-28 yrs old)
Baby Baby BoomersBoomers1946-641946-64
TV generation
Typewriters Telephone Memos Family focus
Sour
ce:
http
://ww
w.sli
desh
are.
net/g
skee
see/
lear
ning
-theo
ries-
3414
14
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Current Technology-based Scenario
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New e-Learning OERs Web 2.0 Social networking
Portability/Mobility Smaller devices Increasingly
affordable Broadband Wireless
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ubiquitous
Prediction
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The architects of education 2.0 predict that traditional universities
that cling to the string-quartet model will find themselves on the wrong side of history, alongside newspaper chains and record
stores.
"If universities can't find the will to innovate and adapt to changes in
the world around them, universities will be irrelevant by 2020.”
David Wiley, Brigham Young UniversityFounder of the Open High School of Utah
http
://ww
w.fa
stco
mpa
ny.c
om/
mag
azin
e/13
8/wh
o-ne
eds-
harv
ard.
htm
l
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Characteristics of E-learningAnalog or Digital
Tethered or Mobile
Isolated or Connected
Generic or Personal
Consumption or Creating
Closed or Open
From
Dav
id W
iley’
s key
note
at e
Lear
n 20
08, “
Open
ness
and
th
e Di
sagg
rega
ted
Fut
ure
of E
duca
tion”
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E-learning 2.0 Analog or Digital
Tethered or Mobile
Isolated or Connected
Generic or Personal
Consumption or Creating
Closed or Open
Adap
ted
from
Dav
id W
iley’
s key
note
at e
Lear
n 20
08,
“Ope
nnes
s and
the
Disa
ggre
gate
d F
utur
e of
Edu
catio
n”
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http
://th
efut
ureb
uzz.c
om/p
ics/p
ower
%20
user
s/pa
rt2/s
ocia
l%20
med
ia%
20st
arfis
h.jp
g
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http
://ww
w.su
sanm
erni
t.com
/blo
g/25
6457
1564
_701
81a4
8b0.
jpg
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After a decade of mad human scrambling to attempt to understand
e-learning and blended learning, we now are confronted with mobile or m-
learning, and ubiquitous or u-learning.
Curtis Bonk (2009)
http://www.apple.com/education/mobile-learning/
iTunes U
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Samples of Podcasts from Yale
Psychology
Physics
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http
://ac
adem
icear
th.o
rg/
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Different kind of universities
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Peer2Peer University http://www.p2pu.org/$70,000 seed grant from the Hewlett Foundation to launch its first 10 pilot courses. Opened for enrolment on 9-09-09
http://www.uopeople.org/
“The University of the People is an idea whose time has come".Dr. Russell S. Winer
Computer and Business Programs
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Transform Learning from Push to Pull
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Adapted from:Morrison(2003). E-Learning strategies: How to get implementation and delivery right the first time. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley
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Put learning into the hands of learners
Change the way we assess learning
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http://twitter.com/zoraini
Mobile learning works best when we . . .
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Push-Pull Model of Blended Learning
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Learners
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Institution
The advantages and benefits?If you have a team filled with the younger generation (Gen Y), m-learning is likely to be welcomed with open arms . . . . we are used to getting information via cell phones and iPods, and are accustomed to accessing what we need when we need it. With its real time format and flexibility, m-learning is just too good to be true for us!
http
://co
rpu.
com
/wee
kly/
artic
le/m
obile
-le
arni
ng/
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Mobile learning at OUM
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Milestones
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Analysis of Learner Readiness for Mobile Learning at OUM
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Gender
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<=25 26-30 31-35 36-40 =>410
5
10
15
20
25
30
Perc
ent
16.8614.18 13.51
28.3627.09
Age group
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44 percent 42.5 percent
Do you have a mobile phone?
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Can you imagine yourself as the learner in the above scenario?
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Are OUM learners ready for mobile learning?
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N = 2,837 (end 2008)
“Can you imagine yourself as the learner in the above scenario?”
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I would like to receive the following forms of learning content through my mobile device:
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What type of courses would you like to receive through m-learning?
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OUM mobile learninghttp://mlearn.oum.edu.my/index_m.htm
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Mobile Learning Content Creation Worskhop (SMS content) 25 April 2009
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Mobile learning – OUMH1103 (sms & podcasts) Forum, content, Tips,
Motivation, Course Management via SMS
SMSes received by OUMH1103 1863 learners & 74 tutors
SMSes planned for the May semester in advance were sent to tutors
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Mobile learning – OUMH1103 (sms & podcasts) 2-3 SMS per week Sent around 8pm on week
days Learners reminded (through
tutors, & facebook) to update their mobile Update their user profile in
myLMS Call IQRI Email [email protected] Pass mobile number to tutors
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Latest Info Mobile learning –
OUMH1103 (sms & podcasts) Podcasts avaliable at
http://mlearn.oum.edu.my Facebook community
http://www.facebook.com/home.php?ref=home#/pages/Kuala-Lumpur-Malaysia/OUM-Mobile-Learning
http://twitter.com/oumh1103 for “archive” of SMS
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Categories of SMS and Examples
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Total = 31 SMS
Formative Evaluation (mid May 2009 semester)
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51 learners 12 tutors 6 learning centres
Generally receptive Feelings about SMS Actions upon
receiving SMS Timing and frequency Usefulness of the SMS
Abas, Lim & Woo (2009). Mobile learning initiative through SMS: A formative evaluation, ASEAN J. Open Distance Learning, 1(1)
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Formative Evaluation (mid May 2009 semester)
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Source: Abas, Z.W., Lim, T. & Woo. T.K. (2009). Mobile learning initiative through SMS: A formative evaluation, ASEAN J. Open Distance Learning, 1(1), 49-58.
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Comments in Facebook
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Summative Evaluation - 712 learners(end May 2009 semester)
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26.635.5
49.4 47.7
3.1
2.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Uselfulness Motivation
Avea
rage
% A
gree
men
t
Disagree & StronglyDisagree
Agree
Srongly Agree
Learners’ Perception of Usefulness and Motivation
Sour
ce:
Abas
, Z.W
., L
im, T
., Ha
rvin
der K
aur,
Wei
, W.S
. (20
09).
Des
ign
and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
mob
ile le
arni
ng
at O
pen
Univ
ersit
y M
alay
sia.
Pape
r sub
mitt
ed to
the
SEAA
IR 2
009
conf
eren
ce.
Summative Evaluation - 712 learners(end May 2009 semester)
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12.3 15.3 14.4 25.5
52.449.552.544.2
3.54.94.66.3
0102030405060708090
Content
Tips
Motiva
tion
Course M
anage
ment
Aver
age
% A
gree
men
t
Disagree & StronglyDisagreeAgree
Strongly Agree
Perceived Effectiveness of the Various SMS Categories
Sour
ce:
Abas
, Z.W
., L
im, T
., Ha
rvin
der K
aur,
Wei
, W.S
. (20
09).
Des
ign
and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
mob
ile le
arni
ng
at O
pen
Univ
ersit
y M
alay
sia.
Pape
r sub
mitt
ed to
the
SEAA
IR 2
009
conf
eren
ce.
From a student’s email . . .
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You guys made a great difference by alerting we distance learners
with questions & statements, keeping up all along the ODL
module & tutorials, encouraging our learning. Our “lecturer,” helped and
encouraged us to respond to the messages you guys posted, by
creating a specific section in the forum for discussions of SMS’s.
I strongly believe that this mode of on the move, two-way
communicative learning methodology will be very beneficial and help to complement, the self-learning, the face to face tutorial
and on-line learning.
Email received on 3 Aug 2009
Mobile learning at OUM is like having a/an:
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alarm clock that tells the learner when to studycoach who tells the learner what to study, motivate, engage and keep the learner on trackpersonal assistant to remind the learner of important dates and things to do
Tutor in the pocket
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SMS
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Mobile Learning at
OUM 13Aug2009ICI9-Zoraini Wati Abas
Thank You
On the web:[email protected]@gmail.com
http://research-zwa.blogspot.com/
http://eyeonlearning.blogspot.com/
http://twitter.com/zoraini
http://www.facebook.com/zoraini
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