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Page 1: Humanistic-Existential Paradigm Self-actualization Theory.

ABRAHAM MASLOW (1908-1970)

Humanistic-Existential Paradigm

Self-actualization Theory

Page 2: Humanistic-Existential Paradigm Self-actualization Theory.

MASLOW’S ASSUMPTIONS

Human nature is basically good, not evil

Normal human development involves the actualization of this inherent goodness

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CENTRAL HUMAN MOTIVESelf-Actualization

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MASLOW’S ASSUMPTIONS... Psychopathology results from the

frustration of a human being’s essential nature

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MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Self-Actualization Esteem Love Safety Physiological

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS

MOST NEEDS HAVE TO DO WITHSURVIVAL PHYSICALLY AND

PSYCHOLOGICALLY

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS

• Food

• Water

• Air

• Sleep

• Shelter

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Food: A Most Powerful Need

• South American Rugby team crashed in 1970

• Food was the most pressing problem.

• They ate human flesh for survival.

• Even the strongest taboo was broken to fill the basic need for food.

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FOOD: A MOST POWERFUL NEED Ik tribe in Uganda forced

to give up hunting and live on unfertile land

long standing social mores dissolve - people became psychopathic

“ngag”, word for food, also becomes word for good

parents steal food from children, children from other children

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS

SAFETY NEEDS

ON THE WHOLE AN INDIVIDUALCANNOT SATISFY ANY LEVELUNLESS NEEDS BELOW ARE

SATISFIED

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from physical attack from emotional attack from fatal disease from invasion from extreme losses

(job, family

members, home, friends)

Safety Needs

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SAFETY: A MOST POWERFUL NEED when frightened, our

thoughts and energies are diverted

threat of, or actual attack creates “fight or flight” reaction

threats to safety can be physical or emotional

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS

SAFETY NEEDS

LOVE, AFFECTION, AND BELONGINGNESS NEEDS

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Inclusion - part of a group: colleagues, peers, family, clubs

Affection - love and be loved

Control - influence over others and self

Love and Belonging(social/emotional)

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS

SAFETY NEEDS

LOVE, AFFECTION, AND BELONGINGNESS NEEDS

ESTEEM NEEDS

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respect from others through: awards honors status

respect for self through: mastery achievement

competence

Esteem Needsemotional (ego)

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

SELF-ACTUALIZATION

NEEDFOR

MASLOW EMPHASIZES NEED FOR SELF

ACTUALIZATION ISA HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL’S

PRIMEMOTIVATION

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

SELF-ACTUALIZATION

NEEDFOR

MASLOW EMPHASIZES NEED FOR SELF ACTUALIZATION IS

A HEALTHY INDIVIDUAL’S PRIMEMOTIVATION

SELF-ACTUALIZATION MEANS ACTUALIZING

ONE’S POTENTIAL BECOMING ALL ONE IS

CAPABLE OF BECOMING

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stop cruelty and exploitation

encourage talent in others

try to be a good human being

do work one considers worthwhile

enjoy taking on responsibilities

prefer intrinsic satisfaction

seek truth

give unselfish love

be just

Self-Actualization Needs

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B-NEEDS OF THE SELF-ACTUALIZED

Truth Goodness Beauty Unity Aliveness Uniqueness Perfection and

Necessity

Completion Justice and order Simplicity Richness Effortlessness Playfulness Self-sufficiency Meaningfulness

Page 21: Humanistic-Existential Paradigm Self-actualization Theory.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS

SAFETY NEEDS

LOVE, AFFECTION, AND BELONGINGNESS NEEDS

ESTEEM NEEDS

SELF-ACTUALIZATION

NEED