Installation&SafetyGuideHiQSolarTrueString480VInverterSystem
March2016ISG-02-USVersion1.12
ModelTS480-8k
HiQSolar March10,2016
TrueString480VInstallation&SafetyGuide ISG-02-US 2
TableofContents1. Safety.......................................................................................................................................41.1. WarningsUsed.............................................................................................................................................41.2. GeneralSafetyProvisions,Warnings,andPrecautions...............................................................................5
2. Introduction..............................................................................................................................62.1. SystemOverview.........................................................................................................................................6
2.1.1. TrueString480VInverter.......................................................................................................................72.1.2. CommunicationGateway......................................................................................................................7
3. SystemOrdering&PartNumberIdentification.........................................................................8
4. DesignGuidelines...................................................................................................................104.1. DCStackingRatio.......................................................................................................................................104.2. NotesonSiting...........................................................................................................................................10
4.2.1. InverterPlacement..............................................................................................................................124.2.2. GatewayPlacement............................................................................................................................12
4.3. NotesonWiring.........................................................................................................................................124.3.1. ACCable..............................................................................................................................................124.3.2. Grounding............................................................................................................................................134.3.3. Neutral.................................................................................................................................................13
5. Installation..............................................................................................................................135.1. Warnings....................................................................................................................................................135.2. ConnectionOutline....................................................................................................................................135.3. BasicConnectionProcedure......................................................................................................................145.4. MoreDetailedInstallationInformation.....................................................................................................18
5.4.1. MeaningsofButtons&Indicators.......................................................................................................185.4.2. ManufacturingDate............................................................................................................................19
5.5. GatewayInformation.................................................................................................................................205.5.1. TheMemoryCard................................................................................................................................205.5.2. MethodsofAccessingSystemInformation.........................................................................................205.5.3. RegisteringInverters............................................................................................................................215.5.4. GatewayTouchScreenMenuStructure..............................................................................................235.5.5. GatewayWebPageMenuStructure...................................................................................................245.5.6. Show/HideWebpageControls.............................................................................................................255.5.7. ArcDetection.......................................................................................................................................265.5.8. UtilityProtectiveFunction–AdjustableLimits....................................................................................275.5.9. SystemFirmwareUpdates...................................................................................................................285.5.10. GatewayAccessInsideaLocalNetwork............................................................................................295.5.11. AccessingtheGatewayfromOutsidetheLocalNetwork–LAN-sideconfiguration.........................305.5.12. AccessingtheGatewayfromOutsidetheLocalNetwork–WAN-sideconfiguration.......................32
6. Troubleshooting......................................................................................................................346.1. OverviewofPossibleIssues.......................................................................................................................346.2. IfIhadThisIssue,itwouldLookLikeTheseSymptoms.............................................................................356.3. IfIhadTheseSymptoms,itCouldbeOneofTheseCauses......................................................................376.4. NotesonSelectedIssues............................................................................................................................38
6.4.1. InverterButtonIndicatorStates..........................................................................................................38(A)InternetConnectivityIssues........................................................................................................................39(B)GatewayMemoryCardIssues....................................................................................................................40
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(C)GatewaytoInverterConnectivityIssues.....................................................................................................41(D)ACWiringIssues.........................................................................................................................................42(E)InverterInstallationIssues..........................................................................................................................43(F)PVModuleWiringIssues.............................................................................................................................43
7. Specifications..........................................................................................................................447.1. PowerSystemSpecifications.....................................................................................................................447.2. CommunicationsGatewaySpecifications..................................................................................................467.3. UnitRatingLabel........................................................................................................................................477.4. SystemUL1741Certificate........................................................................................................................487.5. PhysicalDimensions&DrillingGuides.......................................................................................................49
7.5.1. TrueString480VInverter.....................................................................................................................497.5.2. Gateway..............................................................................................................................................51
©Copyright2009-2016HiQSolar,Allrightsreserved.
Nopartofthisdocumentmaybereproduced,storedfordistribution,orsharedwithoutpriorwrittenpermissionofHiQSolarInc.
HiQSolarmakesnorepresentations,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothisdocumentationortotheequipment/softwaredescribedherein,includinganyimpliedwarrantiesofuseorapplicabilityforparticularpurposes.HiQSolarisnotliableforanyincidentalorindirectdamagesunderanycircumstances.
Thedataandspecificationsreferredtohereinaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice,althougheveryattempthasbeenmadetodeliveraccurateandup-to-dateinformation.HiQSolarretainstherighttomakechangeswithoutnoticeandisnotresponsiblefordamagesofanytypecausedbyomissionsorerrorsofanykindinthematerialwithin.
HiQSolarInc.
2030DuaneAvenue.
SantaClara,CA95054
Tel:408-970-9580
www.hiqsolar.com
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1. Safety
IMPORTANTSAFETYINSTRUCTIONS–Pleaseread
SAVETHESEINSTRUCTIONSThismanualcontainsimportantsafetyinstructionsfortheHiQSolarTrueString480Vinvertersystem–comprisedoftheTrueString480Vinverter,andCommunicationsGatewaythatshallbefollowedduringinstallationandmaintenanceoftheinvertersystem.TheTrueString480VinvertersystemisdesignedaccordingtoNorthAmericasafetyrequirements.Aswithanyelectricalequipment,certainprecautionsmustbeobservedwheninstallingthisequipment.Toreducetheriskofpersonalinjuryandtoensuresafeinstallationandoperation,carefullyreadandfollowallinstructions,cautionsandwarningsinthisInstallationGuide.
1.1. WarningsUsedThefollowingWarningsdescribesituationsorproceduresorpracticeswhichifnotcorrectlyperformedorfollowedcouldresultindamageordestructionofthedescribedequipmentorothercomponentsattachedtothedescribedequipment,orpersonalinjury.
Symbol Description
WARNING!
Indicatesasituationwhichcouldresultindeathorseriousinjury
CAUTION!
Indicatesasituationwhichcouldresultinminorormoderateinjury
NOTE
Indicatesasituationwhichcouldresultinpropertydamage
Thefollowingsymbolsareusedasmarkingsonthisproductwiththefollowingexplanations:
Symbol Description
WARNING-DANGEROUSVOLTAGE
Thisproductincorporateshighvoltages.Allhandlingofandoperationofthisproductshouldcloselyfollowtheinstructionsincluded.
CAUTION-BEWAREOFHOTSURFACE
Thisproductmaybecomehotduringoperation.Contactshouldbeavoided.
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1.2. GeneralSafetyProvisions,Warnings,andPrecautions
• Connectionofthesystemmustbeto480Vnominal,3-phaseAConly.
• TheTrueString480VinverterisprovidedwithDCcircuitprotectioninaccordancewiththerequirementsforungroundedsystemsasoutlinedinNEC690.35(C).
• ThesystemmeetstherequirementsofNEC690.11forDCarc-faultprotection.
• Allelectricalinstallationsmustbeperformedinaccordancewithallapplicablelocal,stateandnationalrequirements,includingANSI/NFPA70.
• TrueString480VinvertersmustbeprovidedwithanequipmentgroundperNEC690.43.
• All5circuits(L1,L2,L3,Neutral,Ground)mustbeconnectedandNeutralmustbebondedtoearthground.Failuretodosocandamagetheunitandvoidthewarranty.
• TheHiQSolarcomponentscontainnouserserviceableparts.Forallrepairandmaintenancealwayscontactyourauthorizeddealerorinstallationpartner.
• TheTrueString480VinverterhasinputsfortwoseparateDCstrings.Reversalofpolarityofoneorbothstringinputswillirreparablydamagetheunit.
• TheTrueString480Vinvertersystemisautility-interactivesystem.Beforeconnectinganysolarpowersystemtothegridcontactyourlocalutilitycompany.Thisconnectionshouldonlybemadebyqualifiedpersonnel.
• PVarraysproducevoltagesthatcanpresentanelectricalshockhazard.WiringofPVarraysshouldbeperformedbyqualifiedpersonnelfollowingallmanufacturer'sguidelines.
• BeawarethatthebodyoftheHiQSolarTrueString480Vinverteractsasaheatsink.Undernormaloperatingconditions,thetemperatureoftheexterioroftheenclosurecanreachmorethan15°Caboveambient.Underextremeconditionstheexterioroftheenclosurescanreachatemperatureof80°C.Toreduceriskofburns,usecautionwhenworkingwiththeTrueString480Vinvertersystem.
• CommunicationGatewayACConnectionProcedureso Toconnect-PlugtheACcableintotheGatewayFIRST,thenplugtheotherendintothewall
outlet.o Todisconnect-UnplugthecablefromtheACwalloutletFIRST,thenproceedtodisconnect
thecablefromtheGatewaydevice.
• Inordertomaintaintheintegrityofthewatertightenclosures,allconnectorsmustbeproperlyandfullyengaged.
• Beforeinstallation,carefullyreadallinstructions,cautions,andwarningsinthisguide.
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2. IntroductionThisinstructionmanualcoverstheTrueString480Vinvertersystem.Asummaryoffeaturesisshowninthetable.
Feature TrueString480V
Gridvoltage 480V,Wyeconfiguration
Nominalpower 8kW
MaximumPowerPointTracking,MPPT Perindividualstring
Monitoring Perindividualstring
NEMA6,waterproof ✓
Arcdetection ✓
Hand-holdable 24lb.
Mountingorientation Any
Noelectrolyticcapacitors ✓
2.1. SystemOverviewAtypicallayoutisshowninFigure1.NotethatwhiletheCommunicationsGatewayprovidesdetailedreportingandusercontrol,itisoptional–thesystemwillgeneratepowerwithoutit.
TheHiQSolarTrueString480Vsystemisaneasytoinstall,modularsystemoptimizedspecificallyforcommercialrooftopungroundedsolararrayapplications.Unlikeotherstringinverters,eachstringisindividuallymonitoredandmanagedbytheinverter.
ThemaincomponentsoftheHiQSolarTrueString480Vinvertersystemaredescribedinthenextsection.
Figure1:SystemoverviewshowingtwostringsofPVmodulessupplyinga
singleTrueString480Vinverter.ACommunicationGatewayisshown
connectedtoone277Vphase
TrueString*480V*Inverter*
8"kWac"
String"1"String"2"Communica6ons*Gateway*
AC,"480V,"36phase"56wire"
277V"16phase"on"own"breaker,"same"circuit"
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2.1.1. TrueString480VInverter
OneTrueString480Vinverterconnectstoupto2stringsofPVmodules,andinturntotheinstallationsite3-phase,480Vcompatibleutilityconnection.TheTrueString480VinverterisshowninFigure2.Itisanon-isolatedinverterforusewithungroundedDCsystems.
NOTE:Multipleinverteroutputsmaybeconnectedinparallelbyaqualifiedelectrician.
2.1.2. CommunicationGateway
OneGatewaymoduleconnectstoa277V/60Hzbranchthatisconnectedtothesame3-phase,480VcompatibleutilityconnectionsuppliedbytheTrueStringinverter(s).TheGatewaymoduleprovidesforsystemmonitoring,loggingandcontrol.TheGatewayModuleisshowninFigure3andisdesignedforindooruseonly.
Figure3:Communications
Gateway
Figure2:TrueString480V
Inverter
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3. SystemOrdering&PartNumberIdentificationAtypical8kWunitconsistsof:
• 1TrueString480Vinverter• 1CommunicationGatewayforupto300inverters.
Orderingmaybeaccomplishedusingthefollowingpartnumbers.
Item PartNumber Description
TrueString480Vinverter,8kW,480V3-phase
TS480-8k InverterwithMC4-compatibleconnectors(1ea).MPPTperstring,monitoringperstring.Includes10yearlimitedwarranty.DoesnotincludeGateway.DoesnotincludeACcable,mustbeorderedseparately
Option-AddRS485communicationandAuxconnector
TS480-8kOptionA
Mustbeorderedattimeofsystempurchase,notretrofittable
Option-TrueStringSystemWarrantyExtensionto25yearsfor1TrueString480V
TS480-8kOptionW25
Mustbeorderedattimeofsystempurchase.IncludessystemGateway(s)
TrueString480VACCable
CBL-480A-05 5ft.IncludesTrueString480VACmatingconnector,otherendunterminated
CBL-480A-15 15ft.IncludesTrueString480VACmatingconnector,otherendunterminated
CBL-480A-30 30ft.IncludesTrueString480VACmatingconnector,otherendunterminated
CBL-480A-50 50ft.IncludesTrueString480VACmatingconnector,otherendunterminated
ACConnectorTool
TOOL-480A TrueString480VACConnectorUnlatchingTool(1ea)
PVConnectorTool
TOOL-DCA MC4-CompatibleConnectorUnlatchingTool(1ea)
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CommunicationsGatewayPackage
CommunicationsGateway
GW-A GW-ACommunicationGateway110V/277V(1ea).IncludesEthernetCable(1ea).Alsoincludesmemorycardforloggingandstorageofresults.ACpowercableisorderedseparately.
MemoryCard
MCRD-A StorageforGatewayresults.Genericcard-makesandcapacitiessuppliedwillvary.
GatewayEthernetCable
CBL-RJ45-6 RJ458P8Cplugeachend.
Coloretc.mayvary.
GatewayACCable
CBL-GW277A-6 Gateway277VACCablewithACPlug
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4. DesignGuidelinesForsystemmodelingwithPVSyst(http://www.pvsyst.com)aninputfileforTrueString480VisavailableontheHiQwebsite.TheTS480-8kisalsointheHelioscopeinverterlibrary(http://www.folsomlabs.com).
4.1. DCStackingRatioTheratioofPVmoduleSTCpowerratingtoinverteroutputpowerratingisoftenreferredtoas“StackingRatio.”MostPVinstallationsaredesignedforastackingratiogreaterthan1,andlessthan1.5.However,theonlyreallimitationonstackingratiofortheHiQinverteristhevoltageandcurrentlimitationsofthestringinputs.ThefullpowerVmprangeforthestringinputsis425to850VDC.ThespecifiedmaximumshortcircuitcurrentoftheDCsourceis30A.TwostringswithaVmpof850VDCandashortcircuitcurrentcapabilityof30Awouldyieldastackingratioofalmost6.375.
Amorepracticallimitationisduetothepowerandcurrentlimitsimposedbytheinverterfirmware.Inputpowerislimitedto5kWandinputcurrentislimitedto10Aperstringbythefirmware.Thetotalofthesetwostringsexceedstheoutputpowerlimitof8kW,soinrealitysomethinglessthan5kWwouldbeharvestedfromeachstring.
Idealstackingratiovariesbyinstallation.ForthevastmajorityofHiQinstallations,astackingratiobetween1.25and1.5makesperfectsense.Undersomeconditions(constanthighirradiance)alowerstackingratiomaybepreferred.Astackingratioof1.1to1.25typicallyallowsforenergyharvestlossfactorssuchaslessthanidealmoduleorientation,inverterefficiencylosses,modulesoiling,moduleaging,etc.Neverthelessinsomecasesastackingratioof1.5orgreatercanbeadvantageous.ForexampleinthenorthernhemisphereaNorthfacingarray,oranEastorWest-facingarraymayjustifyahigherstackingratio.
Thesystemdesignerisresponsibleforspecifyingthestringparameterstoremainwithintheinverterratings.
4.2. NotesonSitingTheHiQTrueString480Vinverterissuitableforflat,commercialrooftops,carports,groundmountsandothercommercialinstallations.Theunitmaybeplacedusingtheself-ballastingmetalcasing,oralternativelymaybeattachedtoasolarmoduleframeorroofingcomponentusingtheprovidedattachmentmechanisms.
AlinediagramisshowninFigure4.Notethattheinverterrequiresa480VWyegridconfiguration.
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Figure4:Examplelinediagram
• Notethatupto3invertersmaybeconnectedonthesamebranchtoone40AOCPDifdesired.• HiQSolaroffersaNEMA4XACSplicejunctionboxsuitableforusewith2or3HiQinvertersifdesired.
Thefollowingsectionsprovidedetailsonindividualcomponentplacementguidelinesandrequirements.
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4.2.1. InverterPlacement
TheTrueString480VinverterisNEMA6ratedandmaybeplacedalmostanywhere.Coolingismostefficientiftheunitismountedverticallyintheshade,boltedtorackingandwiththeconnectorspointingdownwards.However,anyorientationisacceptable.
Mountinghardwareupto5/16”willfitthebaseplatemountingslots.
4.2.2. GatewayPlacement
• TheGatewayisratedforindoorinstallationonly.Donotexposeittorain,extremetemperatures,orexcessivedust.Itmustbemountedindoors.Autilityclosetorsimilarlocationphysicallyclosetotheinvertersystemisideal.Itmustbeelectricallyconnectedtooneofthethreephasesthatareconnectedtotheinverter.NotethatitinlargeutilityclosetsitisofteneasytoenduponanunrelatedACcircuitaccidentally,inwhichcasecommunicationsareunlikelytobesuccessful.
WARNING!
TheGatewayDeviceisnotratedforoutdoorinstallation.
• Recommended:Adda277Vacoutletattheearliestentrypointinthebuildingtoprovidethebestpowerlinecommunication(PLC)signalpossible.Ideallya277Vacoutletnexttothebreaker.
• Gatewayshouldbeprotectedbya15AOCPD• AwiredEthernetnetworkconnectionmustbeprovidedtotheGatewayforproperdataretrieval.• Ifoutdoorplacementisrequired,theGatewaymustbehousedinaweatherproofenclosure.• TheGatewayhas‘keyhole’mountingsonitsbaseplate.Eachholehasa
guide-holeabove–itisintendedthatthesefourholesprovideatemplateformountingsuchthatapenorcenterpunchcanbeinsertedthroughandmarksleftonthewalltohelpaccuratedrillingofholes.Mountingcanbeachievedusing#8-sizedscrews.
4.3. NotesonWiring
4.3.1. ACCable
TheinverterACcablehasaTC-ERrating.The“-ER”signifiesthatthecableissufficientlyruggedtopermititsuseasexposedwiring,bytheNEC(section336.10).Exposedwiringiswiringthatisnotinstalledinatray,conduitorotherraceway.Itmustbesecuredevery6feetorless,andprotectedfromphysicaldamage.
Figure5:IdealplacementoftheTrueString480Vinverter
Figure6:Gatewaybaseplateshowingkeyholemountinganddrillingguidehole.
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4.3.2. Grounding
ThemetalenclosureoftheinvertermustbegroundedperNEC690.43.EquipmentgroundisprovidedthroughtheACconnection.Optionally,groundingmaybeachievedalsothroughattachinganEquipmentGroundConductor(EGC)toalay-inlug(notprovided)attachedtothechassisperthepictureofFigure7.
Groundingmayalsobeachievedusingthemountingboltstoanyproperlygroundedmetallicstructureprovidedapaint-cuttingwasherisemployed,suchasastainlesssteelstarwasher.
4.3.3. Neutral
All5circuits(L1,L2,L3,Neutral,Ground)mustbeconnectedandNeutralmustbebondedtoearthground.Failuretodosocandamagetheunitandvoidthewarranty.Notethatparticularcareisrequiredtoensurethataneffectiveneutralismaintainedwhenatransformerformspartoftheinstallation.
TheHiQinverterexportspoweronlyontheLineconductors.TheneutralconductorisusedsolelyforvoltagesensingandPowerLinecommunications.
5. InstallationTheHiQSolarTrueString480Vinverteremploysindustrystandardconnectionmethods,includinglockinginterconnectsforsolarmoduleattachment,andstandard5lead,3-phaseACwiringcompatibility.Carefuladherencetotheseinstructionsisrequired.
5.1. Warnings
• Thesystemmustbeconnectedto480V3-phaseWye5-wireonly• Theinvertermustbegrounded• UseavoltmetertocarefullyverifythattheDCinputsarecorrectbeforeconnectingtotheinverterDC
inputs.AreversedDCinputpolarityconnectionwillirreparablydamagetheinverter.• TheCommunicationsGatewayisforindooruseonly• Inordertomaintaintheintegrityofthewatertightenclosures:
o Allconnectorsmustbeproperlyandfullyengagedo Unusedconnectorsmustbesealedusingappropriateweatherproofcaps
5.2. ConnectionOutlineConnectionoccursinthefollowingorder:
1. Connectanequipmentgroundtotheinverter.Thisshouldalwaysbedonefirst2. Connecttheinvertertothegrid3. ConnecttheCommunicationGatewaytothesame480Vcircuitastheinverterandthenetwork4. Lastly,connectthePVmodulestringstotheinverterinputs
Disconnectionusesthesestepsinreverse,withsystemgroundbeingthelastitemtobedisconnected.
Figure7:Examplegroundlug
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5.3. BasicConnectionProcedure
1.
Groundtheinverter.
Theinvertersmustbegrounded.
EquipmentgroundisprovidedthroughtheACconnection.Optionally,agroundinglay-inlug(notsupplied)maybeused(Figure8),orthemountingmethodmaybeusedifemployingapaint-cuttingwashersuchasastainlesssteelstarwasher.
2.
Connecttheinvertertothegrid
(a)ConnecttheinverterACcabletotheACsystemintheusualwayusingtheHiQSolarinverterACcable(suppliedseparately)–seeFigure9.
Thisshouldonlybecarriedoutbyqualifiedpersonnel.
Notethattheunitisonlywatertightwhenconnectorsarefullyengaged.
NotethattheinverterACcablesareTC-ERrated1.
WARNING-DANGEROUSVOLTAGE
Thisproductincorporateshighvoltages.
1The“-ER”signifiesthatthecableissufficientlyruggedtopermititsuseasexposedwiring,bytheNationalElectricalCode.Exposedwiringiswiringthatisnotinstalledinatray,conduitorotherraceway.
Any$color$to$any$phase$
White$to$$Neutral(
Warning:$480V$37phase$only%
Green$to$$Equipment$Ground(
Figure8:Examplegroundlug
Figure9:WiringidentificationontheInverterACcable
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(b)MatethemaleandfemaleACconnectortoconnecttheinvertertotheACsystem.TheACremainsoff.
Tool$TOOL'480A$
(a)$Connec3on$
(b)$Disconnec3on$
1$
2$
3$Figure10:Connectinganddisconnectingofthe
TrueString480VinverterACconnection
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3. ConnecttheCommunicationsGateway.
WARNING!
TheGatewayDeviceisratedforindoorinstallationonly.
(a)TheGatewayshouldbesitedindoors,asneartotheinverter(s)aspossibleforreliablecommunications(Figure11).
(b)ConnectpowertotheGatewayusingtheappropriateACcable(Figure12).Ethernetmayalsobeconnectedatthisstagebutisnotrequired.
Gateway'
Equipment'
Ground'
Load'Center'
480V'39P'
TrueString'480V'
Inverter'
Neutral,'Ground,''
One'Phase,'15A'OCPD''
Inverter'AC'Cable'(sold'separately)'
CBL9480A905'(5'N.)'
CBL9480A915'(15'N.)'
CBL9480A930'(30'N.)'
CBL9480A950'(50'N.)'
Means'of'AC'
disconnect'
Means'of'DC'
disconnect'
Up'to'3'inverters'on'
single'40A'OCPD'Dedicated'
branch'circuit'
AddiTonal'dedicated'
branch'circuits'
Neutral,'Ground,''
3'Phases''
OCPDs'
TS48098k'
Gateway'277V'cable'
(sold'separately)'
CBL9GW277A96'
Ethernet'Connec+on'(Op+onal)'
AC'Connec+on'
Figure11:WiringoftheCommunicationGateway
Figure12:MakingGatewayconnections
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(c)Switchonpowertotheinverter.OntheGatewayscreen,pressthe‘Inverters’buttonatthetopofthescreeniftheunitisnotalreadyonthattab.Pressthe‘Discover’button.
TheGatewaywillsearchforany/allinvertersandcheckthattheyarehealthy.
4. ConnectthestringsofPVmodules.
ItisrecommendedthattheACbeswitchedoffbeforedoingthis.
DonotreversethepolarityoftheDCinputs–irreparabledamagewillbecausedtotheinverter.
Allconnectorsmustbefullymatedtoensureweatherproofing.
5. SwitchontheAC.
Thesystemwillwait5minutes,thenstartgeneratingpower.ChecktheGateway‘Panels’screentoverifyeverythingishealthy.
(a)$Connec*on$
(b)$Disconnec*on$
1$
2$
Tool$TOOL5DCA$
Figure13:HavingtheGatewayauto-discoveraddedinverters
Figure14:ConnectinganddisconnectingMC4-compatiblemoduleconnectors
Figure15:VerifyingthatallmodulesarehealthyusingtheGateway
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5.4. MoreDetailedInstallationInformation
5.4.1. MeaningsofButtons&Indicators
WhilemostinstallationswilluseaCommunicationGatewaytocontrolandreport,itisnotmandatory–theinvertercanbecontrolledusingthebutton,asillustratedinFigure16.Abriefpress-and-releaseofthebuttoncountsasabutton-pushintheguidebelow.IndicationsgivenbythebuttonilluminationareshowninFigure17.
InverterButtonPush ButtonIndication Result
1press
• Makeinverter&balancersbeep(“areyoualive?”)
2presses
• ‘Off&Locked’-disabled• Donot5-minuteself-start
3presses
• Startgeneratingimmediately• Iflocked,unlock&generateimmediately• (Ifsystemisfaulted,willunlockbutwon’t
generate)
Longpress(>2seconds)
(Briefflash)
• Alternatefunctionsmode,readytoacceptfurtherbuttonpushes.Timesoutafter10seconds
1press(afterlongpress)
• Clearlatchedfaults,forexampleafterRCDorarc-faulttesthasinitiatedafaultcondition
3presses(afterlongpress)
• RCD-testactivation.SuccessfuloperationofRCDtestshouldcauseafaultcondition(rapidredflashing)untilcleared
4presses(afterlongpress)
• Arc-faulttestactivation.Successfuloperationofarc-faultdetectionshouldcauseafaultcondition(rapidredflashing)untilcleared
Figure16:Inverterpushbuttonactionsandresults
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InverterIndicatorState Meaning
Solid
• Poweredup• Notgenerating• Nofaults
Left-rightflash
• Power-onself-test(willtake<1minute)
GreenChaser
• Poweredup• Generating,nofaults
RapidFlash
• Faulted,e.g.arcdetected
MostlyOn
• ‘Off&Locked’-disabled
MostlyOff
• Sleeping–notgenerating
Figure17:Inverterindicatorstatesandmeanings
5.4.2. ManufacturingDate
TheTrueString480Vinverter,andGatewayeachhaveanindividualizedserialnumberlabel,withanexampleshowninFigure18.Thefirst4lettersarefordevicemodelcode(TSBBforTrueString480V);thisisfollowedbythe6-digitserialnumber(forexample001003).ThemanufacturingdatecodeisavailableintheQRcode,readablewithcommonsmartphoneapplications.TheQRcodewillgivethesameinformation,appendedwiththedateofmanufacture,forexampleTSBB0010031341,where13istheyear(2013),and41thecalendarweeknumber.
Figure18:ExampleserialnumberlabelwithQRcodecontainingthemanufacturingdate
TSBB001003'
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5.5. GatewayInformationThissectioncoverscommontasksandfeaturesassociatedwiththeGateway.
5.5.1. TheMemoryCard
TheGatewayissuppliedwithamemorycardtoallowlong-termstorageandretrievalofperformancehistory.Careshouldbetakentoensurethatitisfullyinserted,assomefunctionsarenotavailablewiththecardnotfullyengaged.Thecardispre-formattedwiththeFAT32filesystemandisreadytobeinsertedintotheGatewayasshowninFigure19.
5.5.2. MethodsofAccessingSystemInformation
AnoverviewofwaystoaccessdataisshowninFigure20.TheGatewaygathersdatafrominvertersoveraconnectedpowerline.TheGatewaydisplaysinformationonit’stouchscreen.WithasuitableEthernetnetworkconnection,itiscapableofactingasawebserver,allowingalocalcomputeroraremotecomputerwithfirewallaccesstoseesystemperformanceasitishappening,displayedonawebpage.DataisalsotransferredtoHiQserverstogatherhistory,whichcanbeaccessedremotely.Moredetailsaregivenbelow.
Figure19:Insertionofthememorycard.
No#Card#
Card#inserted#but#not#engaged#
Card#properly#engaged#
Figure20:MethodsofaccessingdatafromHiQinverters
Local&Ethernet&Network&
Web$HiQ$Solar$Gateway$
HiQ&Solar&Database&
Local$
History&data&
Local&device&
External&device&
Real<=me&data&
Real<=me&data&
Power&line&
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5.5.3. RegisteringInverters
TheCommunicationGatewayisintelligent,andwhenrequiredtodiscoverTrueString480Vinvertersnearbywilldosoeasilywithjustthepressofabutton.Occasionallyitmaybedesirabletomanuallyregisterinverters,andthisisalsoeasytoachieve.Bothproceduresaredescribedbelow.
5.5.3.1. AutomaticDiscoveryofTrueString480VInvertersOnthe[Inverters]tabthe‘Discover’buttonwillsearchforanyinvertersinthelocalarea.Inmostcasesthisisallthatwillberequired,withallavailableinvertersappearingonthelistshownonthescreeninFigure21.
ButtonState Meaning
• Initialstate
• Oncepressed,inprocessofdiscoveringTrueString480Vinverters.Willreturnto
initialstatewithemptyserialnumberlistifnoinvertersfound
• Errorfound,forexamplesignalstrengthistoolow,toomuchbackgroundnoiseoncircuit.Redcoloronlyclearswhenuserre-tries&thefaultconditionnolongerapplies
• Oncediscoveryhassuccessfullyoccurred,buttonreturnstooriginalstate
Thismayalsobeachievedfromthewebinterface,seeFigure22(c).
5.5.3.2. ManualRegistrationofInvertersManualregistrationisaccomplishedusingthewebinterface,withtheabilitytoaddanddeleteinvertersasdesired,seeFigure22.Thismaybefoundunderthetoplevelofthe[MiniInverters]tab.
Figure21:Statesofthe‘Discover’buttonwithmeanings
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Figure22:Addingandremovinginvertersmanuallyusingthewebinterface
(a)$ (b)$
(c)$
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5.5.4. GatewayTouchScreenMenuStructure
Thefollowingmenutreeshowshowdifferentscreensandfunctionsarerelatedandaccessed.
Inverters(
Array(
Update(
Panels(
Detail(
Diagnos5c(
AC(Health(
DC(Health(
Info(
Gateway(
Network(
Clock(
GW(Diagnos5cs(
Screen( PLC(Diagnos5cs(
Special(
Unlikely(to(need(in(normal(use(
Figure23:Gatewaytouchscreenmenutree
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5.5.5. GatewayWebPageMenuStructure
Figure24:Arraypageandmaininverternavigation
Overall'Array'
Listed'Inverters'
Summary'for'each'inverter'
Main'Naviga;on'
Menu'
See'next'page'
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Figure25:Gatewaysummarypage(primarilyforserviceuse)
5.5.6. Show/HideWebpageControls
Avaluablefeatureofthesystemistheabilitytoviewandcontrolthesystemfromasmartphonewhenlocalcomputernetworksettingsallow(seeSection5.5.10,page29,below).Becausephonescreensaresmallitmightsometimesbepossibletoaccidentallyactivateordisablefunctionsinadvertently.TohelpavoidthistheGatewaywebpagehasabuttonfor‘ShowControls’and‘HideControls’nearthetopofsomeofthescreens,anexampleisshowninFigure26.
Gateway'Summary'Screen'
Figure26:Showing/hidingcontrolsontheGatewaywebpage
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5.5.7. ArcDetection
TheseproductsmeettherequirementsofNEC690.11.Iftripped,theinverterwillshutitselfdown.Itwillalsoindicatewithrapidredflashesofthebutton,andtheindicatorontheaffectedBalancerwilldisplayrapidredflashes.ThewebpageandGatewaywillalsoshowsystemfaultflags(seeFigure27).
Notethatpowercyclingofthesystemwillnotclearsuchafault,itmustbeclearedusingtheprocedureoutlinedinFigure27,eitherusingtheGatewaytouchscreenorthewebpage.
Touchscreen Webpage
Figure27:Arcfaultindicationandclearingprocedures
2.#Off#
1.#Faulted#
1.#On#
2.#Off#
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5.5.8. UtilityProtectiveFunction–AdjustableLimits
TheHiQSolarTrueString480VinvertersystemiscapableofoperatingbeyondnormalACgridrangeswhenrequiredtodosobytheoperatingUtilityCompany.ChangesinthisareamustonlybecarriedoutwiththeexpresswrittenpermissionoftheUtility,onlysettingvaluesspecifiedbythem.
ChangesaremadethroughthewebpagesandcannotbeaccessedfromtheGatewaytouchscreen.WhenloggedintoaparticularGatewaythroughthewebportal,typethefollowingintothebrowserURLaddressbaraftertheserialnumber:
‘/SAFETYLIMITS.htm’(capitalizationisimportanthere).Anexampleis:http://hiqgty-1020/SAFETYLIMITS.htm.
ThiswillbringupthescreenshowninFigure28.AnindividualserialnumberofaninverteronthatGatewayisenteredintothe‘Serial#’field;pressing‘Get’willcausecommunicationwiththeparticularinverterandit’scurrentvalueswillpopulateinthewebpage;whendesiredchangeshavebeencompleted,‘Set’willwritethosevaluesbacktothatsameinverter.
AvailablerangesaregivenintheinverterSpecificationstableofSection7.1towardstheendofthisdocument.
Figure28:Utilityprotectiveadjustmentsdialogbox
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5.5.9. SystemFirmwareUpdates
HiQSolaroccasionallyupdatessystemfirmwaretoaddfeaturesandenhancereliabilityevenfurther.FirmwareupdatesmaybeaccomplishedthroughanetworkconnectionorusingamemorycardphysicallyinsertedintothecardslotontheGateway.UpdatesmaybecontrolledthroughtheGatewaytouchscreenortheGatewaywebpage.
Touchscreen Webpage
ExamplebelowwhereanupdatewasinitiatedbuttheGatewaywasunabletofindafirmwarefilethroughthenetworkconnectionorfromthememorycard.
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5.5.10. GatewayAccessInsideaLocalNetwork
ThefollowingsectionswillprobablybeusefulforthecompanyITdepartment.
NotethattheGatewaydefaultistobeinDHCPmode–thisistheeasiestforlocalaccessinsideanetwork.
5.5.10.1. AccessingLocallyfromaWindowsDevice1)LookingattheGatewayunit,usethetouchscreentodisplaythe‘Gateway’tab.Youmayneedtoscrolltoseetheviewbelow:
2)Openawebbrowser.Eithertypeintotheaddressbarthe‘NETNAME’(inourexample‘HIQGTY-1001’)ortypeinthelistedIPaddress(here192.168.1.13,butthiswillvary)2.Thiswillbringupthewebloginscreen.Unlessotherwisealtered,thefollowingwillapply(casesensitive):
• Username:admin• Password:HiQSolar
YouwillthenseethehomescreenforthatparticularGatewaywhichshouldlooklikeFigure30:
5.5.10.2. AccessingLocallyfromaMacOSComputerorDeviceIncludingiPads&iPhonesAsaboveexcept‘NETNAME’isnotsupported-theIPaddresswillneedtobetypedintothebrowseraddressline.
2NotethatthisIPaddressisforthewebpagethewebserverprovides;thenetworkconnectiontheGatewayusestocommunicatetoalocalrouteristheonefurtherdownthelistlabeled‘Gateway’,192.168.1.1inthisexample.
Figure29:GatewayscreenshowingtheNetnameand
IPaddress
Figure30:WebinterfacefortheGatewayshowingarraystatistics
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5.5.11. AccessingtheGatewayfromOutsidetheLocalNetwork–LAN-sideconfiguration
DHCPhasaleasetimeafterwhichitrequestsrenewal,problematicifitendsupwithadifferentIPaddress.AmethodmustbeusedtomaketheIPaddressstayfixed;thiscanbe:
i) KeeptheGatewayinDHCPbutforcetheroutertoallocatethesameIPaddresseachtime.Ifthisissupportedbytherouteritisgenerallymostdesirable.
ii) ChangetoafixedIPaddress.
Routercapabilitiesanduserinterfacesvary.ThisexampleusesaparticularCiscorouter.
IdeallytheGatewaywouldbeleftinDHCPmode,andtherouterconfiguredtokeepassigningthesameaddress.IfthisfunctionalityissupportedbytherouteritmightlooklikeFigure31,herecalled‘DHCPReservation’.
Ascanbeseenintheabovescreenshot,therouterhasadefinedrangeof50IPaddressesithasreservedforDHCPallocation,between100to149forthelastfieldintheaddress.TheDHCPReservationscreenallowsexaminationofthecurrentlyloggedondevices,andtheoptionofassigninganaddressintheallowedrangetoourGateway.Alternatively,anaddresscanbeassignedoutsidetheDHCPrangebuttheGatewaymustbeconfiguredalso.
ThescreenshotofFigure32showstheDHCPreservationscreen;hereweareassigninganaddressoutsidetherange(endingin‘37’).
Figure31:DHCPReservationonour
exampleCiscorouter
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HavingdecideduponanIPaddress,wenowneedtoconfiguretheGateway.
OnthetouchscreenoftheCommunicationGateway,press‘Gateway’,thenthe‘Network’button.ThiswillbringupthescreenshowninFigure33.
Figure32:AssigninganIP
addressoutsidetherouter’sDHCPreservationrange
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The‘DHCP’checkboxindicatescurrentstatusaswellasallowingparameterstobechangedifDHCPisunchecked.Whenuncheckeditlookslikethis:
Touchingononeofthefieldsbelowthecheckboxwillactivateitandallowchangestobemadeusingtheon-screenkeypad.
Ingeneral:
• Networksubmaskwillstayat255.255.255.0unlessbeingusedincertainbigcompaniesthatmightusesomethingdifferent.
• ‘Gateway’and‘PriDNS’(primaryDNS)willbetakenfromtherouterscreen.• ‘SecDNS’(secondaryDNS)willprobablystayat0.0.0.0.
5.5.12. AccessingtheGatewayfromOutsidetheLocalNetwork–WAN-sideconfiguration
ForourexampleCiscorouter,openingupaportforoutsidecommunicationisachievedthroughthe‘ApplicationandGaming’screen,seeFigure34.Theaimisforcommunicationtopassthroughtherouter,althoughtherewillusuallybesometranslationofportlabelsbetweenwhattheGatewayexpectsandwhatispresentedtotheoutsideworldontheWANsideoftherouter.
Thereare4possibleportsrequiredtofullyaccesstheGatewayandHiQSolarinvertersremotely.AccesstothecontrolwebpagealonerequiresonlythefirstofthoselistedinTable1tobesetup.
Figure33:Networksettingscreenon
theGateway
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Label Function External(Customer-changeableasrequired)
Internal(whattheGatewayexpectstosee)
HTTP AllowsaccesstotheGatewaywebpage 8100 80
FTPC FTPControl–allowsaccesstotheGatewaymemorycardandlogs
2100 21
FTPD FTPData–thereturnportforfilesrequestedusingFTPCtobetransmittedthrough
8000
(Usethissettingonly)
8000
Diag Diagnostic-LowlevelsystemaccesssuchasfirmwareupdatesforusebyHiQSolaronly
1000
(Usethissettingonly)
1000
Table1:Portnumberingassignments
Clickonthe‘SaveSettings’buttonontherouterpageorelsechangeswillbelost.
Notethatnotallroutersofferportreassignmentasdescribedhere.However,havingdifferentexternalportnumbersisnotstrictlynecessary;itissuggestedasanextrasecurityprecautiontoavoidusingthewell-knownportassignmentsforweb(80)andFTP(21)onthegeneralInternet.TheGateway'swebandFTPserversarebothpasswordprotected,sotherisksarelow.Inacasewherenoportforwardingisavailable,theGatewaydirectportnumbers(80,21,8000,1000)wouldbeusedwithoutspecifyingdifferentexternalportsfor80and21.
Figure34:Portforwardingscreenonourexamplerouter
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6. TroubleshootingTheprimarywayoftroubleshootingasystemistousetheCommunicationGateway(GW)toprovideclues.TheGWcanbeviewedusingthetouchscreeninterfaceonthedevice,oraccessingitusingawebbrowser.Assumingtheissueisnotwithcommunications,browseraccesshastheadvantagethatamobiledevicesuchasaphonecanbeusedwhilephysicallyontheroof.Asdetailedlater,theinverterhasanindicatorlightthatwillalsoprovideinsight.
Thetroubleshootingsectionisdividedupasfollows:
• Overviewofpossibleissues(picture)• IfIhadthisissue,itwouldlooklikethesesymptoms(table)• IfIhadthesesymptomsitcouldbeoneofthesecauses(table)• Moredetailsonselectedissues.
6.1. OverviewofPossibleIssuesLettersontheright(e.g.(A))refertoexplanatorynotesinSection6.4.
• Module'connectors'reversed'• Module'not'connected'• Module'wiring'damaged'
• Unused'connectors'not'weatherproofed'• AC'connector'not'fully'engaged'• Not'being'bolted'ver<cally'to'racking'
might'mean'goes'outside'temperature'range'
• White'wire'not'connected'to'neutral'(other'colors'can'go'to'any'phase'except'ground'(green))'
• Not'connected'to'480V'3Gphase'
• Gateway'not'close'enough'to'Inverter'• Gateway'not'connected'to'same'circuit'as'
Inverter'• Filtering'might'be'required'to'isolate'local'
Gateway'from'others'• Inverter'not'grounded'
• Card'missing'• Card'not'properly'engaged'in'Gateway'• Card'not'formaLed'FAT32'
• Ports'not'configured'correctly'to'outside'world'• Ethernet'cable'not'connected'or'cable'damaged'
Router'
Internet'
Ethernet'LAN'
Memory'Card'
Load'Center'
480V''3:phase'Grid'
TrueString'480V'
Inverter'
PV'Module'String'
277Vac'single'phase'
Figure35:Possibleissuesdiagram
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6.2. IfIhadThisIssue,itwouldLookLikeTheseSymptomsLettersnexttoindividualfaults(e.g.(D))refertoexplanatorynotesinSection6.4.
IfthisfaultoccurredIwouldsee….. GatewayTouchScreen WebInterface
InverterButton
ACGrid • ACoutputofinverternotconnectedtogrid(D)
• ACconnectornotfullyengaged(D)
MissingfiguresinACpartofdisplay
Astouchscreen
Rapidlyflashingred
• OnephaseofACGridnotconnected(D)
• Neutral(whiteorgrey)wireconnectedtoaphaseinsteadofneutral(D)
OnecolumnoffiguresinACpartofdisplaymissing
• Connectedtowrongvoltagesystem(e.g.208V3-phase)(D)
Faultprobablyindicated
Other • Unterminatedconnectorsallowmoisturetoingress(E),(F)
Faultindicated
PVModule
• PVmodulenotconnected(F)• PVmodulewiringfault(F)
Nottreatedasafault–missingstatisticsinPanelfigures
-
• Fewerthan4PVmodulesperBalancerconnectedandincorrectportsshorted(F)
Poweroutputlessthanexpected
• Numberofmodulesnotmatchingnumbersetinthewebinterface(F)
• Arcfaultdetectedandsystemshutdown(F)
Systemnotgenerating,faultindicated
Systemnotgenerating,affectedBalancerflagged‘arc_fault’inred
Redlightsrapidlyflashingoninverter&affectedBalancer
Continues….
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IfthisfaultoccurredIwouldsee….. GatewayTouchScreen WebInterface InverterButton
Gateway • TheGatewayiswiredintoanunrelatedACcircuit(C)
• TheGatewayistoofarawayfromaninverter(C)
• TheGatewayisthewrongsideoffilteringontheACcircuit(C)
• Neutral(whiteorgrey)wireconnectedtoaphase(D)
• Inverternotgrounded(C)
Nosignalorinformation
Noinformation,status‘Unknown’
-
• NoEthernetconnection(A) Healthystatisticsonthetouchscreen,[Gateway]tabshowsEthernetgreyedout
Unabletoconnectfromthewebinterface
• Networkrouternotconfiguredcorrectly(A)
Healthystatisticsonthetouchscreen
• Nomemorycard(B)• Memorycardnotfullyengaged(B)• Memorycardnotformattedas
FAT32(B)
Healthystatisticsonthetouchscreen,[Gateway]tabshowsgreyedoutcardcharacteristics
Retrievinglongtermhistorynotpossible
Table2:Faultsandconsequentsymptoms
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6.3. IfIhadTheseSymptoms,itCouldbeOneofTheseCausesLettersontherightnexttoindividualfaults(e.g.(D))refertoexplanatorynotesinSection6.4.
Symptoms PossibleCauses
InverterButtonIndicator
GatewayTouchScreen
WebInterface
Buttonflashingredquickly
MissinginformationinACdisplay
Astouchscreen
• ACoutputofinverternotconnectedtoGrid(D)• ACconnectornotfullyengaged(D)
MissinginformationinACdisplay
• OnephaseofACGridnotconnected(D)• Connectedtowrongvoltagesystem(e.g.208V3-
phase)(D)
Faultconditiondisplayed
• Moisturehasbeenallowedintothesystem,perhapsbecauseunusedconnectorshavebeenleftun-terminated(E)(F)
- MissingPVModuleinformation
• MissingPVmodule(F)• Faultywiringorconnectorsnotfullyengaged(F)
Lesspoweroutputthanexpected
• Inverterindirectsunandtemperaturerangeexceeded,causingoutputtobereducedtomaximizelifetime(E)
Memorycardcharacteristicsgreyedout
• Memorycardnotfullyengaged(B)• MemorycardnotformattedasFAT32(B)• Memorycardmissing(B)
NoinformationontheGatewaytouchscreen
Noinformationonthewebinterface
• GatewaynotconnectedtothesameACcircuitastheinverter(s)(C)
• Gatewayplacedtoofarfromtheinverter(s)(C)• FilteringpresentontheGridinterferingwith
communication(C)• Neutral(whiteorgrey)wireconnectedtoa
phase(D)• Inverternotgrounded(C)
NormalinformationontheGatewaytouchscreen
• Ethernetcablenotconnected(A)• Routerexternalports/firewallnotsetup
correctly(A)
Table3:Symptomsandpossiblecauses
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6.4. NotesonSelectedIssues.
6.4.1. InverterButtonIndicatorStates
Ifthereispowertotheinverter,theindicatorontheinverterbuttonwillbeindicatingsomething.Asdescribedearlier,thesehavethefollowingmeaningsandoperations:
InverterButtonPush ButtonIndication3 Result
1press
• Makeinverter&balancersbeep(“areyoualive?”)
2presses
• ‘Off&Locked’-disabled• Donot5-minuteself-start
3presses
• Startgeneratingimmediately• Iflocked,unlock&generateimmediately• (Ifsystemisfaulted,willunlockbutwon’t
generate)
Longpress(>2seconds)
(Briefflash)
• Alternatefunctionsmode,readytoacceptfurtherbuttonpushes.Timesoutafter10seconds
1press(afterlongpress)
• Clearlatchedfaults,forexampleafterarc-faulttesthasinitiatedafaultcondition
4presses(afterlongpress)
• Arc-faulttestactivation.Successfuloperationofarc-faultdetectionshouldcauseafaultcondition(rapidredflashing)untilcleared
Figure36:Inverterbuttonfunctionsandindicatormeanings(repeatofFigure16)
3Orientationmayvary
Inverterindicatorbutton
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InverterIndicatorState Meaning
Solid
• Poweredup• Notgenerating• Nofaults
Left-rightflash
• Power-onself-test(willtake<1minute)
GreenChaser
• Poweredup• Generating,nofaults
RapidFlash
• Faulted,e.g.arcdetected
MostlyOn
• ‘Off&Locked’-disabled
MostlyOff
• Sleeping–notgenerating
Figure37:Inverterbuttonfunctionsandindicatormeanings(repeatofFigure17)
(A)InternetConnectivityIssues
i) NoEthernetconnectionii) Networkrouternotconfiguredcorrectlyiii) Routerexternalports/firewallnotsetupcorrectly
Otherthanafaultyordamagedcable(RJ45Ethernetcablesareacommonculprit),themajorityofissuesrelatetotheconfigurationofthelocalrouter.ThistopiciscoveredinSection5.5.10onwards.IfthelocalEthernetcableisfaulty,youwillseethefollowingontheGateway(Figure38).
Figure38:GatewayindicationofmissinglocalEthernet
connection
• Valid&Internet&Connec/on&
[Gateway]&Tab&
• Ethernet&Connec/on&Not&Working&or&Missing&
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(B)GatewayMemoryCardIssues
i) Nomemorycardii) Memorycardnotfullyengagediii) MemorycardnotformattedasFAT32
Loggingoflong-termperformancedataissavedtothememorycardthatwassuppliedwiththeGateway.Notethatthecardisnotrequiredforthesystemtooperate,onlytoretainhistoryinformation.Ifthecardisinplacebutnotfullyengaged,youwillseethesymptomsshowninFigure39.
ThecardisformattedwiththeFAT32filesystem.Ifyouwishtouseadifferentmemorycardthantheonesupplied,itwillneedtobeformattedsimilarly.Thiscanusuallybeachievedonapersonnelcomputer,consultyourcomputermanualfordetails.
• SDCardProperlyInserted
• ValidInternetConnec5on
[Gateway]Tab
• MemoryCardNotProperlyEngaged,orMissing
NoCard
Memorycardinsertedbutnot
engaged
Memorycardproperlyengaged
Figure39:Symptomsofamissingornotfullyengagedmemorycard
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(C)GatewaytoInverterConnectivityIssues
i) TheGatewayiswiredintoanunrelatedACcircuitii) TheGatewayistoofarawayfrominverter(s)iii) TheGatewayisthewrongsideoffilteringontheACcircuitiv) FilteringpresentontheGridinterferingwithcommunication
TheCommunicationGatewayconnectstolocalinvertersusingPowerLineCommunications(PLC).ForcommunicationtoworktheGatewaymustreceiveastrongenoughsignalabovethenoise.ItobviouslymustbeonthesameelectricalcircuitasthePVsystem,whichisn’talwayseasytoestablishinatypicalcompanyelectricalclosetwithmanydifferentcircuitspresent.
AssumingtheGatewayisononephaseofthecorrectPVsystemcircuit,thenissuesarelikelytoariseifthesignalstrengthislow,orequipmentbetweentheGatewayandPVsystemisinterferingwithorfilteringthesignal.IneithercasemovingtheGatewayclosertothePVsystemislikelytobethebestanswer.
ItisalsopossiblethattwoGateways(orotherinvertercontroldevicesfromothermanufacturersnearby)areinterferingwitheachother.InthiscaseanisolatingfiltertoseparatetheHiQSolarinvertercommunicationsfromtheoutsideworldmightberequired.Thiswillalsobethecaseifmorethan300TrueStringinvertersareinonesystem,asthiswillexceedthecapacityofoneGateway.So,inroundnumbers,onegatewayisrequiredforeach2MWofPVplantsize.
Notethatafailuretoestablishcommunicationscanalsooccuriftheneutral(whiteorgrey)wireisconnectedincorrectlytooneofthephasesasdiscussedinthenextsection.
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(D)ACWiringIssues
i) ACoutputofinverternotconnectedtogridii) ACconnectornotfullyengagediii) OnephaseofACgridnotconnectediv) Neutral(whiteorgrey)wireconnectedtoaphaseinsteadofneutralv) Connectedtowrongvoltagesystem(e.g.208V3-phase)
Theinverterauto-sensesphases,sowhenwiringthesystemtothegriditdoesnotmatterwhichofthered,blueororangewiresareconnectedtowhichphase.However,connectingtheneutral(whiteorgrey)wiretooneofthephaseswillshowupasafault,thesamefaultifoneofthe3phasesisdisconnected.Theseconditionswillnotdamagetheinverterbutshouldbecorrected.
Ifoneofthephasesisnotconnected,thewebandtouchscreenviewsshowninError!Referencesourcenotfound.willhaveoneoftheACphasesfaultedratherthanall3asshown.
IftheneutralisconnectedtoonephasethepowerlinecommunicationstotheGatewaymaynotwork.
IftheTrueString480Vinverterisconnectedtothewrongvoltagesystem,suchas208V3-phase,damageislikelytoresult,andthesystemwillneedtobereturnedtothefactory.
Figure40:ACwiringschemeusedfortheTrueString480VInverter
Any$color$to$any$phase$
White$to$$Neutral(
Warning:$480V$37phase$only%
Green$to$$Equipment$Ground(
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(E)InverterInstallationIssues
i) Unterminatedconnectorsallowmoisturetoingressii) Inverterindirectsunandtemperaturerangeexceeded,causingoutputtobereducedduetohigh
internaltemperatures.Thisprotectivefeaturehelpstoextendthelifetimeoftheinverter.
TheinverterisNEMA6ratedandveryrobust.Tomaximizereliabilityandperformanceforthelongestlifetimeitshouldbemountedverticallyintheshadeandboltedtometalrackingifavailable.However,itcanbeballast-mountedintheshade.Ifthedeviceisplacedinasituationwhereitexceedsitsratedtemperaturerangeitwillreduceoutputpowerslightlyuntilitissafelybackwithintheoperatingtemperaturerange.
Aswithallsuchdevices,NEMA6waterproofoperationrequiresthatallconnectors,whetherusedorunused,beproperlyterminated.Ifthisisnotthecase,moisturemayingress,causingtheunittoeventuallyfail.
(F)PVModuleWiringIssues
i) PVmodulenotconnectedii) PVmodulewiringfaultiii) Faultywiringorconnectorsnotfullyengagediv) Couldbenormaliffewermodulesthan4perBalancerconnectedv) MissingPVmodule
Mostlyself-explanatoryissuesofconnectorsnotengagedordamagedwiring.
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7. Specifications
7.1. PowerSystemSpecifications
InverterSpecificationsDCInput(2identicalinputs)MaximumopencircuitvoltageperString,VOC 1,000Vdc
FullpowerMPPTrange,perstring 425-850Vdc
PVstartvoltage 200Vdc
DCallowablestackingratio(total,2inputscombined) Mustnotexceed6.375underanycircumstances4
DCmaximuminputcurrent,perDCinput 10A
DCmaximumsourceshortcircuitcurrent 30A
DCmaximuminputsourcebackfeedcurrenttoinputsource 0A
DCdisconnectmeans TheDCconnectorhasbeenevaluatedandapprovedforuseastheload-breakdisconnectrequiredbytheNEC5
ACOutputACmaximumcontinuousoutputpowerto45°C 8.0kWacmax
ACde-ratewithtemperature,45to+65°C -150W/°C
ACnominaloutputcurrent,perphase 9.6A
ACmaximumcontinuousoutputcurrent,perphase 9.6A
ACmaximumoutputovercurrentprotection 40A
AC3-phasesystemcompatibility 480VWye,3phases,neutralandground
ACvoltagerange,phasetophase(min/nominal/max) 422/480/528V(Limitsadjustable,seebelow)
ACvoltagerange,phasetoneutral(min/nominal/max) 244/277/305V(Limitsadjustable,seebelow)
ACoperatingfrequencyrange(min/nominal/max) 59.3/60/60.5Hz(Limitsadjustable,seebelow)
PowerFactor >0.98
ACoutputwaveform Truesinewave
4Stacking:OntheDCsideoftheinverter,eachinputlimitsat5kWand/or10A,andthecombinedtotalACoutputislimitedto8kW.HigherDCSTCstringpowersmaybeapplied,theinverterwilllimitasdescribedabove.Totalstackingforinvertermustnotexceed6.375underanycircumstances5NECsection690.17,allowedbytheexceptionofmeetingrequirementsspecifiedin690.33
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AClowerfrequencytriplimit Default 59.3Hz +/-0.1Hz
Adjustment 57-59.8Hzin0.1Hzincrements
Clearingtimedefault 0.16s +/-2cycles
Clearingtimeadjustment 0.16-300s
ACupperfrequencytriplimit Default 60.5Hz +/-0.1Hz
Adjustment 60.5-62.0Hzin0.1Hzincrements
Clearingtimedefault 0.16s +/-2cycles
Clearingtimeadjustment 0.16-300s
AClowervoltagetriplimit Default 245V +/-2%
Adjustment 220-245V
Clearingtimedefault 2s +/-2cycles
Clearingtimeadjustment 1-20s
ACuppervoltagetriplimit Default 305V +/-2%
Adjustment 305-315V
Clearingtimedefault 1s +/-2cycles
Clearingtimeadjustment 1-20s
ACreconnectdelay Default 5minutes +/-1s
Adjustment 1s-10mins
ACsynchronizationin-rushcurrent 0A
MaximumoutputFaultcurrentandduration
10A,0.5ms
ACminimumwiregaugeforthegridconnection
14AWG
ACdisconnectmeans TheACconnectorhasbeenevaluatedandapprovedforuseastheload-breakdisconnectrequiredbytheNEC5.
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OtherSpecifications
Peakefficiency 98.6%
CECefficiency 98.0%
Weight 11kg(24lb.)
Operatingtemperaturerange -40to+65oC(-40to+150oF)
Powerconsumptionstandby/night
<4.5W/<4.5W
Cooling Naturalconvection,nocoolingfan
Communication Powerline
Environmentalrating Outdoor/rooftop,NEMA6,IP67
Certification,inverter UL1741/IEEE1547(UtilityInteractive),CSAC22.2NO.107.1,FCCPart156.MeetstherequirementsofNEC690.11
Includedwarranty 10Years,optionallyextendable
7.2. CommunicationsGatewaySpecificationsGatewaySpecifications
ACinputvoltage,min/nom/max 244/277/305V
ACfrequency,min/nom/max 59.3/60.0/60.5Hz
Operatingambienttemprange -20to+50°C
Powerconsumption 1.5Wtypical(4Wmax)
Mounting,environmentalrating Indoor-NEMA1
Memorycard SDcompatible,4-32GBtested,FAT32formatted
CommunicationwithHiQSolarinverter
ProprietaryPowerLineCommunication
LANconnection,Ethernet 10/100BASE,RJ458P8Cmodularplug
Limitedwarranty 15years,optionallyextendable
Compliance,certifications UL60950-1,CSAC22.2No.60950-1,FCCPart156
Weight 1.3lbs
6Note:ThisequipmenthasbeentestedandfoundtocomplywiththelimitsforaClassBdigitaldevice,pursuanttopart15oftheFCCRules.Theselimitsaredesignedtoprovidereasonableprotectionagainstharmfulinterferenceinaresidentialinstallation.Thisequipmentgenerates,usesandcanradiateradiofrequencyenergyand,ifnotinstalledandusedinaccordancewiththeinstructions,maycauseharmfulinterferencetoradiocommunications.However,thereisnoguaranteethatinterferencewillnotoccurinaparticularinstallation.Ifthisequipmentdoescauseharmfulinterferencetoradioortelevisionreception,whichcanbedeterminedbyturningtheequipmentoffandon,theuserisencouragedtotrytocorrecttheinterferencebyoneormoreofthefollowingmeasures:—Reorientorrelocatethereceivingantenna.—Increasetheseparationbetweentheequipmentandreceiver.—Connecttheequipmentintoanoutletonacircuitdifferentfromthattowhichthereceiverisconnected.—Consultthedealeroranexperiencedradio/TVtechnicianforhelp.
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7.3. UnitRatingLabelThefollowinglabelappearsonthebackoftheunitbaseplate.
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7.4. SystemUL1741Certificate
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7.5. PhysicalDimensions&DrillingGuides
7.5.1. TrueString480VInverter
267$mm$10$½“$
76$mm$3“$
334$mm$13$⅛“$
305$mm$12“$405$mm$
16“$
475$mm$18$¾”$
475$mm,$18¾$”$
12.6
$mm
,$½”$33
4$m
m,$1
3$⅛
”$
12.6
$mm
,$½”$
12.6$mm,$½”$ 12.6$mm,$½”$
238$mm,$9⅜”$
Liberty$480V$Inverter,$Front$TrueString*480V*Inverter*Front*
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305$mm,$12”$
450$mm,$17¾”$
TrueString$480V$Inverter,$Front$
Drilling'Guide'
225$mm,$8⅞”$ 225$mm,$8⅞”$
Accepts$moun<ng$hardware$up$to$and$including$8$mm,$5/16”$
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7.5.2. Gateway
[EndofDocument]
165$mm,$6"½”"
64$m
m,$2"½”"
Gateway,$Front$Drilling'Guide'
Drilling$template$
guide$holes$
Ø$4.8$mm$Ø$8.9$mm$
Suitable$for$#8$screw$
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