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Have you ever placed flowers randomly in a vase?
How did it compare to an arrangement from a florist?
How does a floral designer create a theme or mood with
flowers?
A. Describe the benefit of following the principles of design in floral arranging
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• Tells you where to place flowers
• Guides arranger in creating a work of art
A. Describe the benefit of following the principles of design in floral arranging
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Judge this class of Bud Vases
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6 2
7 3
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B. Compare and contrast Principles and Elements of design
• Principles describe
the way the elements fit
together
•The recipe
•Elements are the
components that make
up the design
•The ingredients
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Effective designs incorporate:
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
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• Arrangement should demonstrate mechanical and visual stability
• May be symmetrical or asymmetrical
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
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• Mechanical balance
• Container is proper size and weight for the flowers
• Lines converge at focal point
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
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• Visual balance affected by color, texture and size
• Darker colors appear heavier
• Larger flowers appear heavier and should be closer to the focal point
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
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• Create a FOCAL POINT or accented area
• Center of interest draws the eye of the viewer
• Use color, size or unique shape to create focal point
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
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• Correct size relationships
• Proper proportion of flowers to container
• Tall container 1.5 to 2 times the height of vase
• Low, flat container – 1.5 to 2 times the width of container
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
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How??? • Locate larger flowers at the
focal point
• Large flowers placed low
• Small flowers placed high
• Big Area=Big arrangement
• Small Area= Small arrangement
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
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• Flow of lines, textures, or colors
• Create a feeling of motion
• Draws the observer through a visual path of the design
• Achieved by repetition
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
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• All components blend together without separation
• Achieved by repetition of related components – Similar flowers, good color
scheme, etc.
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
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All components of the design fit together in an aesthetically pleasing
composition
B. List & describe 6 Principles of Floral Design
Elements of Floral
Design The directly observable
components, ingredients, and physical characteristics
of a design.
Elements of Floral Design
Line
Form
Space
Texture
Pattern
Fragrance
Size
Color
Line The vital visual path that directs
eye movement through a composition.
A line is simply the distance between two points
Line directions have meanings
Vertical Line
Vertical lines - stress height and
suggest power and strength
Horizontal Line Horizontal lines - stress width and are
peaceful and calm, provide a sense
of stability
Diagonal Line Diagonal line - lively and energetic,
causing more eye movement.
Curved Line Curved line - suggest motion, but are
softer, more comforting. Eye moves
quickly through design.
Form The shape or configuration of an
individual component of the composition
the overall, three – dimensional,
geometric shape or configuration of a
floral composition.
Form is essentially shape
Every component of a flower arrangement
carries with it some form.
Forms of flower arrangements
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• Shapes of flowers, foliage and containers
• Geometric shape of the overall design
round Hogarth curve
D. List & describe the 4 Elements of Floral Design
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Examples of Design Forms
Asymmetrical
triangle
crescent
horizontal
round
Hogarth curve
Symmetrical triangle
D. List & describe the 4 Elements of Floral Design
Space The area in, around, and between the
components of the design, defined by
the three-dimensional area occupied
by the composition.
Positive space
Negative space
Negative Space The planned area within a composition
that is devoid of any materials: essentially,
empty space.
Positive Space The portion of a composition which is
physically occupied by something… a flower, a
branch, a container, or some solid object.
Void The term void is used to describe empty space
that serves to visually separate areas of positive
space.
Texture The surface quality of a material, as
perceived by sight or touch.
Every component of a floral design possesses
some surface quality, whether it is smooth,
coarse, waxy, rough, delicate, or velvety.
In floral design, textures are combined in
certain ways in order to create interest and/or
unity in the design.
Smooth Having a surface free from irregularities,
roughness, or projections
Coarse
Consisting of large particles; not fine in texture
Waxy
Smooth and lustrous soft surface
Rough
Marked by inequalities, ridges, or projections on
the surface
Delicate
Fine in texture, quality, fragile, easily damaged,
frail
Velvety
Something suggesting the smooth surface of
velvet, softness.
Just as with the other elements of design, the
kinds and amounts of texture variations within a
floral design are determined by the choices of
the designer, always with an eye for harmony.
Too many different textures in one
arrangement can be distracting.
Pattern A repeated combination of line, form,
color, texture, and/or space.
The silhouette of a flower or an arrangement as
observed against its background, including
solids and spaces.
A pattern is a composite of features resulting in
a decorative design of natural or artistic origin.
Patterns enhance the beauty of the flower
or the design
We see patterns all around us
The concept of repetition is important in
that design elements placed in a repeated
pattern can generate a sense of rhythm as
well as interest.
Fragrance A sweet or pleasing odor, perceived
by the sense of smell
Almost anyone, when presented with a bouquet
will bring it immediately to his or her nose to
see how good it might smell
Size The physical dimensions of line,
form, or space
One of the first considerations in floral design
The sizes of the selected flowers must be right
for the arrangement
The composition itself must be an appropriate
size for its surroundings
Size is the element from which the principles of
proportion and scale are derived.
Small Large
Color The visual response of the eye to reflected rays
of light
Most important design element
Optical sensation, originating in the brain’s
perception of light energy reflected to the eye
from a pigmented surface.
Emotional response
Color is the first thing you see when
looking at a flower arrangement.
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