Hagedorn states and
Thermalization
DM2010, High Density Nuclear Matter, Stellenbosch, South Africa
(courtesyL. Ferroni)
Hadronization at the phase boundary…?
Hadronization – molecular dynamical simulation
C. Traxler et al., PRC59 1620 (1999)
… Hagedorn spectrum
Hadron Resonance Gas with Hagedorn States and comparison to lattice QCD close to
• Hagedorn spectrum:
• RBC collaboration:
J. Noronha-Hostler, J. Noronha, CG arXiv:0909.2908
The order and shape of QGP phase transitionI.Zakout, CG and J. Schaffner-Bielich, NPA 781 (2007) 150,
PRC78:034916 and arXiv: 1002.3119
)4(~),( ][)2( Bvmemcvm BHTm
density of states:4
1
)( B
Crossover transition in bag-like models
L. Ferroni and V. Koch, PRC79 (2009) 034905
][)(~)( BHTm
emcm density of states:
Strangeness production at SpS energies
J. Geiss
Production of Antihyperons:QGP signature…?
P. Koch, B. Müller, J. Rafelski
Production of Anti-Baryons
R.Rapp and E. Shuryak, Phys.Rev.Lett.86 (2001) 2980
C.Greiner and S.Leupold, J.Phys. G27 (2001) L95
Multimesonic channels
But
But:
SPS
Chemical Freeze-out and of QCD
Hadronic resonance gas
vs. lattice:
(P. Braun-Munzinger, J. Stachel, C. Wetterich, Phys.Lett.B596:61-69 (2004))
Chemical equilibration of baryon / anti-baryons:
Multimesonic channels:
Possible solution by Hagedorn states
C. Greiner, P. Koch, F. Liu, I. Shovkovy, H. Stöcker
J.Phys.G31 (2005)
Estimate for baryon/antibaryon production
(Micro)canonical decay of Hagedorn States(Fuming Liu)
Rate EquationsJ. Noronha-Hostler, CG, I. Shovkovy, PRL 100:252301, 2008; and arXiv:0909.2908
Decay Widths
Linear fit (PDG)
Baryon anti-baryon decay ((micro)canonical)
the average proton number is
Analogously for Kaons, Lambdas and Omegas (!)
for
Time Scale Estimate
Assuming and
where and
Rising Populations
• pions and HS held at equilibrium:
kaons
protons
Expanding fireball
Varying parameters has only small effect!
protons
Varying parameters has only small effect!
kaons
Lambdas
Omegas
M. Beitel
The strange sector of baryons/antibaryons
Importance of baryonic HS ?
Summary Potential Hagedorn States close to critical temperature:
can explain fast chemical equilibration by HS regeneration roughly:
roughly:
smaller shear viscosity of QCD matter at
Future: embedding into UrQMD
J. Noronha-Hostler, M. Beitel, CG,
I.Shovkovy arXiv:0909.2908, PRC in press
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many thanks, Jean
Particle Ratios as a Probe of the QCD Critical Temperature
J. Noronha-Hostler, H. Ahmad, J. Noronha, CG, arXiv:0906.3960
Hagedorn States provide a unique method to compare lattice results for Tc using thermal fits
Hagedorn states provide a lower chi^2 than thermal fits without Hagedorn states
Transport Coefficients of Hadronic Matter near
J. Noronha-Hostler, J. Noronha, CG, PRL103:172302 (2009)
While both η (due to the small MFP of HS) and s increase with increasing T, the entropy increases quicker close to Tc, which decreases η/s.
of a hadron gas including HS matches well with the lattice at
HRG
HS
39
Baryonfusion
Quark annihilation
Recombination
Three-particle interactions through parton rearrangement
Elliptic flow excitation function
UrQMD+ Recombination, Baryonfusion, Quark annihilation[H.Petersen et al. , arXiv:0805.0567v1 (2008)] [G.Gräf, diploma thesis, Frankfurt (2009)]
Lambda multiplicity
Same mechanism previously implemented in QGSM[Bleibel , Burau et al. , arXiv: nucl-th/0610021 (2007)][Bleibel , Burau et al. , arXiv: 0711.3366 (2008)]
- preliminary -
C.Greiner, AIP Conf. Proc. 644:337 (2003)
production at RHIC
I. Shovkovy, J. Kapusta (2003)
Thermal rates within chiral SU(3) description
Chemical population ofbaryons / anti-baryons:
P. Huovinen, J. Kapusta (2004)
Insufficient by a factor of 3 to 4
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