grapes
Family name : Vitaceae familyScientific name : . Vitis vinifera
Grape (grape)
derived from an Old French word "grape,"
meaning "bunch" or
"cluster "
Woody vinePerennials Grapes are about 80
percent waterGrapes also add fiber to the
dietTop grape producing
countries by years is china >united states
>italy>france>spain>turkey
Grapes come in three basic colors: green
Red and blue (black)Each variety has its own color, taste,
texture
PerletteThe first grape of the season, the Perlette is light in color the berries are almost
round. Perlette means "little pearl" in
French .
Sugraone offers a light, sweet
flavor and crunch .
Thompson Seedless
this grape's light green color and
sweet
Calmeria This grape carries the
nickname "lady fingers," so called for
its elongated
Ruby Seedless
Grapes require full sunlight.
Adequate drainage and moisture
The best soils are loams or sandy loams with
added organic matter .Grapes grow best in soil
with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 .
Rows should usually run north to south. This allows
the plants gather the most sunlight and less
wind damage will occur.
plowing to 25 cm and providing organic matter in soil ,by turning under a cover
crop or green manure. Grapes are set in either fall or spring. If in spring, plant
early to give plants long growing season. Fall planting is unwise in
northern regions
till the soil well to get rid of
weeds and grasses..Grapes need the summer
heat to develop and will produce the best grapesTempreture :Plant damage occurs at -
18°C; frost kills young shoots. Daily mean
temperature should be at least 18°
.The flowers are unisexual
all species of Vitis are normally dioecious but under domestication, variants
with perfect flowers appear to have been selected
.
.The flowers are hermaphroditic and most are self-pollinated but cross-pollination
also accur
If the vine is left unpruned, the number of grape clusters would be excessive. The vine would be unable to ripen the large
crop or give adequate vegetative growth. The purpose of pruning is to grow yields of
high quality grapes and to allow better growth for the following
season. has a direct relationship to larger yields and more uniform production .
Training
After 3 or 4 years each vine will produce 12-15 pounds of grapes
Wait until they separate easy from the seeds to pick .
Guides to proper stage of ripeness are: taste , color, aroma, changing of stem from green to
brown
main diseases
Nutritional value per 100gm
Energy 288 kJ (69 kcal)
Carbohydrates 18.1 gSugars 15.48 g
Dietary fiber 0.9 g
Fat 0.16 g
Can eaten fresh dried Making juice or for industrial uses like jam wine jelly and other
uses
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