From a strictly Mathematical View Point What Equals 100%? What
does it mean to give MORE than 100%? Ever wonder about those people
who say they are giving more than 100%? We have all been in
situations where someone wants you to give over 100%. How about
achieving 101%? What equals 100% in life?
Slide 3
Heres a little mathematical formula that might help you answer
these Question: If: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X
Y Z Is represented as: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Slide 4
Then: H-A-R-D-W-O-R-K 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98% And
K-N-O-W-L-E-D-G-E 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96% But, A-T-T-I-T-U-D-E
1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100% And, look how far the love of God will
take you L-O-V-E-O-F-G-O-D 12+15+22+5+15+6+7+15+4=101%
Slide 5
Therefore, one can conclude with mathematical certainty that:
While Hard work and Knowledge will get you close, and Attitude will
get you there, its the Love of God that will put you over the
top!
Slide 6
Correction Correction is among the five Pillars of the PCJS and
patterned from the system of United States and Great Britain.
Originally, the third component was penology but due to modern and
democratic trends in the field of Criminal Justice, it was changed
to Correction. Thus, Correction evolved from Penology
Slide 7
Penology Greek term PIONE Penalty Latin word - POENA- Pain or
Suffering. Latin word PENO Punishment Penology is the study of
punishment for crime or of criminal offenders. It includes the
study of control and prevention of crime through punishment of
criminal offenders.
Slide 8
NATURE Penology is otherwise known as Penal Science. It is
actually a division of criminology concerned with the philosophy
and practice of society to repress criminal activities. Traditional
penologist stood for the policy of inflicting punishment on the
offenders as a consequence of their wrongdoing. However modern
penologists have reasonably extended their field such that Penology
today covers other policies that are not punitive in character,
such as: 1. Probation 2. Parole 3. Medical Treatment, and 4.
Education These programs are designed to cure or rehabilitate the
offender; in fact this is the accepted nature of the penology.
Slide 9
What is Penal Management? Refers to the manner or practice of
managing or controlling places of confinement as in jails or
prisons.
Slide 10
What is Correction? A. A branch of the CJS concerned with the
custody, supervision and rehabilitation of the convicted offenders.
B. Is that field of criminal justice administration which utilizes
the body of knowledge and practices of the government and the
society in general involving the processes of handling individuals
who have been convicted of offense for purposes of crime prevention
and control.
Slide 11
What is Correction as a Process ? Correction as a process is
the reorientation of the criminal offender to prevent him or her
from repeating his delinquent actions without the necessity of
taking punitive action but rather introduction of individual
measures of reformation.
Slide 12
What is Correctional Administration? The study and practice of
a systematic management of Jails or Prison and other Institution
concerned with the custody, treatment, and rehabilitation of
criminal offenders.
Slide 13
What is Correctional Psychology? That aspect of forensic
psychology which is concerned with the diagnosis and classification
of offenders, the treatment of correctional populations, and the
rehabilitation of inmates and other law violators
Slide 14
Theories of Punishment RETRIBUTION An eye for an eye philosophy
of justice -It generally requires harsh punishment Just Deserts
-philosophy of punishments, implying that offenders get what they
deserve -Emphasizes the idea of penal censure of defendant. Sees
the punishment as being proportional to the seriousness of the
crime.
Slide 15
DETERRENCE The theory of punishment which envisages that
potential offenders will refrain from committing crimes out of fear
of punishment Theories of Deterrence 1. Classical theory 2. Choice
theory or rational choice theory
Slide 16
2 Types of Deterrence 1. General deterrence: The offender is
punished to serve as an example to all others who may be
contemplating a similar offense 2. Specific or Individual
deterrence: To prevent the offender from re-offending
Slide 17
Types Correctional Model 1. Custodian Model -based on the
assumption that prisoners have been incarcerated for the protection
society and for the purpose in incapacitation, deterrence and
retribution. It emphasizes maintenance and security and order
through the subordination of the prisoner to the authority of the
warden. Discipline is strictly applied and most aspect of behavior
is regulated.
Slide 18
Types Correctional Model 2. Rehabilitation Model - security and
house keeping activities viewed primarily as a framework for
rehabilitative efforts. Professional treatment specialist enjoys a
higher status than the employees, in accordance with the idea that
all aspect of prison management should be directed towards
rehabilitation with the rethinking of the goal of the
rehabilitation.
Slide 19
Types Correctional Model 3. Reintegration Model - is linked to
the structures and goals of community corrections but has direct
impact on prison operations. Although on offender is confined in
prison, that experience is pointed toward reintegration into
society. This kind of treatment gradually gives inmates greater
freedom and responsibility during their confinement and move them
into a halfway house, work release programs, or community
correctional center before releasing them to supervision.
Consistent with the perspective of community corrections, this
model is based on the assumption that it is important for the
offender to maintain or develop ties with free society the entire
focuses this approach is on the resumption of a normal life (Clear
and Cole, 1986).
Slide 20
What is Punishment ? - is the infliction or imposition of a
penalty as retribution for an offense. "The penalty inflicted". -
it is the redress that the state takes against an offending member
of the society that usually involve pain or suffering. it is also
the penalty imposed on an offender for a crime or wrongdoing.
Slide 21
Redress (Compensation) of a wrong act. Retaliation (Personal
Vengeance) the earliest remedy for a wrong act to any one (in the
primitive society). The concept of personal revenge by the victims
family or tribe against the family or tribe of the offender, hence
blood feuds was accepted in the early primitive societies. Fines
and Punishment Customs has exerted effort and great force among
primitive societies. The acceptance of vengeance in the form of
payment (cattle, food, personal services, etc.) became accepted as
dictated by tribal traditions.
Slide 22
Ancient Forms of Punishment: 1. Death Penalty affected by
burning, beheading, hanging, and pillory and other forms of
medieval executions. 2. Physical Torture Barbaric forms of
inflicting pain. ex. Mutilation, Whipping. 3. Social Degradation
Putting the offender into shame or humiliation. 4. Banishment or
Exile The sending or putting away of an offender which was carried
out either by prohibition against coming into a specified territory
such as an Island to where the offender has been removed. 5. Other
similar forms of punishment like transportation and slavery.
Slide 23
Method of Punishment Public Humiliation - Shame punishment
Exile/banishment Payment to the victim Branding - (Stigmatizing) -
is the process by which a mark is burned into the skin of a living
person. Flogging - (flagellation) - is the act of methodically
beating or whipping the human body. Mutilation - (maiming) - is the
act of physical injury that degrades the appearance or function of
any living body usually without causing death. burning
beheading
Slide 24
Early Forms of Prison Discipline: 1. Hard Labor Productive
works. 2. Deprivation Deprivation of everything except the bare
essential of existence. 3. Monotony Giving the same food that is
off diet, or requiring the prisoners to perform drab or boring
daily routine. 4. Uniformity We treat the prisoner alike. The fault
of one is the fault of all. 5. Mass Movement Mass living in the
cellblocks, mass eating, mass recreation, mass bathing. 6.
Degradation uttering insulting words or languages on the part of
prisoners to degrade or break the confidence of prisoners. 7.
Corporal Punishment Imposing brutal punishment or employing
physical force to intimidate a delinquent inmate. 8. Isolation or
solitary confinement Non- communication, limited news. The lone
Wolf.
Slide 25
Contemporary Forms of Punishment: 1. Imprisonment putting the
offender in prison for the purpose of protecting the public against
criminal activities and at the same time rehabilitating the
prisoners by requiring them to undergo institutional treatment
programs. 2. Parole a conditional release of a prisoner after
serving part of his/her sentence in prison for the purpose of
gradually re- introducing him/her to free life under the guidance
and supervision of a parole officer. 3. Probation a disposition
whereby a defendant after conviction of an offense, the penalty of
which does not exceed six years imprisonment, is released subject
to the conditions imposed by the releasing court and under the
supervision of a probation officer. 4. Fine an amount given as a
compensation for a criminal act. 5. Destierro the penalty of
banishing a person from the place where he committed a crime,
prohibiting him to get near or enter the 25- kilometer
perimeter.
Slide 26
Justifications of Punishment 1. Retribution The punishment
should be provided by the state whose sanction is violated; to
afford the society or the individual the opportunity of imposing
upon the offender suitable punishment as might be enforced.
Offenders should be punished because they deserve it. 2. Expiation
or Atonement It is punishment in the form of group vengeance where
the purpose is to appease the offended public or group. 3.
Deterrence Punishment gives lesson to the offender by showing to
others what would happen to them if they violate the law.
Punishment is imposed to warn potential offenders that they cannot
afford to do what the offender has done.
Slide 27
4. Incapacitation and Protection The public will protect, if
the offender has being held conditioning where he cannot harm
others especially the public. Punishment is effective by placing
offenders in prison so that society will be ensured from further
criminal depredations of criminals. 5. Reformation or
Rehabilitation It is the establishment of the usefulness and
responsibility of the offender. Societys interest can be better
served by helping the prisoner to become law abiding citizen and
productive upon his return to the community by requiring him to
undergo intensive program of rehabilitation in prison.
Slide 28
Penalty Is defined as the suffering inflicted by the state
against an offending member for the transgression of Law. Juridical
Conditions of penalty: Punishment must be: 1. Productive of
Suffering Affecting the integrity of the human personality. 2.
Commensurate with the offense Different crimes must be punished
with different penalties (Art. 205, RPC). 3. Personal The guilty
one must be the one to be punished, no proxy. 4. Legal The
consequences must be in accordance with the law. 5. Equal Equal for
all person. 6. Certain No one must escape its effects. 7.
Correctional Changes the attitudes of offenders and become law-
abiding citizens.
Slide 29
Duration of Penalties: 1. Death Penalty Capital punishment 2.
Reclusion Perpetua An imprisonment of 20 yrs and 1 day to 40 yrs
imprisonment. 3. Reclusion Temporal an imprisonment of 12yrs and
1day to 20yrs imprisonment. 4. Prison Correctional 6 months and
1days to 6yrs. 5. Arresto Mayor 1month and 1day to 6 months. 6.
Arresto Menor 1 day to 30 days. 7. Bond to keep the peace
Discretionary on the part of the court.
Slide 30
Major types of prison organization in U.S 1. Northern
Industrial Prison- under this type of Prison, prisoner should work
for the benefits of the state. 2. Southern Plantation- a prison
that the labor of he convicted prisoner was concentrated on
agricultural plantation. 3. Chain gangs- labor on public works
through out the state were performed by the prisoners rather than
confining their labor were chains to avoid escape. They called
themselves chain gangs
Slide 31
Three Revolutions in the History of Corrections Age of
reformation replaced corporal punishment, exile, and physical
disfigurement with the penitentiary. Age of rehabilitation assumed
that criminals were handicapped persons suffering from mental or
emotional deficiencies. Under this, individual therapy aimed at
healing these personal maladjustments, became the preferred style.
Age of reintegration society becomes the patient as well as the
offender. Much more emphasis is placed on the pressure exerted on
the offender by the social groups to which he belongs and on the
society which regulates his opportunities to achieve his
goals.
Slide 32
History of Corrections Twelve Tables of Wood- (451-450 BC)-
represented the earliest codification of Roman Law. The influence
by the Twelve Tables extended to the 6 th century AD when they were
largely incorporated into the Justinian Code. Benefits of Clergy-
provided an escape from severe punishment of members of clergy such
as ordained clerk, moves and nuns by subjecting them to the
jurisdiction of ecclesiastical courts. Ecclesiastical punishment
were more lenient because the focus of the Church was on Penance
and Salvation of the soul rather than in the administering of
physical punishment for the purposes of deterrence or revenge.
Securing Sanctuary- in the 13 th century, a criminal could avoid
punishment by claiming refugee in a church, for a period of forty
(40) days at the end of which time he was compelled to leave the
realm by a road or part assigned to him.
Slide 33
History of Corrections Ordeal- was the churchs substitute for a
trial until the 13 th century, where in guilt or innocence was
determined by the availability of the accused to come unscratched
through dangerous and painful tests. The Holy Inquisition- a
general label for a succession of Roman Catholic tribunals changed
with the detection and punishment of heresy. Inquisition proper did
not begin until 1215 AD when the Lateran council decided that the
used of torture was appropriate which was supplemented by an
extensive system of informers and detailed records kept of every
element in proceedings. St. Bridgets Well- Englands first Houses of
Corrections, 1557
Slide 34
History of Corrections Hulks- were abandoned or unusable
transport ships, which were converted into prisons as a means of
relieving prison congestion when transported system was abandoned
in rivers or harbors and were also known as floating wells.
Panoptican Prison- a type of prison conceived by Bentham which
would consist of large circular building of case irons and glass
containing multi- tiered cells round the periphery. Cat-O nine-
tails- a lash of none knotted hongs of raw hide attached to a solid
handle used in the administration of flogging which was the most
popular methods of corporal punishment in the 18 th century.
Slide 35
History of Corrections Bridewell- the term applied to houses of
corrections which were used for locking up, employing and beggars
prostitutes and other misfits. These were built around the
acceptance of the value of regular work and the formation of habits
of industry. 1576- English Parliamentary passed a law calling for
each county to build its own Bridewell. 1703- Pope Clement XI built
Hospicio de San Michelle in Rome designed for incorrigible youths
under 20 years of age, and which was the first home for delinquent
boys ever established.
Slide 36
The History of Corrections Important Personalities: William
Penn ( America ). He included in his legislation for Pennsylvania
that imprisonment shall be the prescribed punishment for criminals;
that all prisons shall be workhouses for felons, vagrants, and idle
persons, and that each county shall build one. The colony of the
New Plymouth provided for the erection of House of Correction for
the confinement of Quakers.
Slide 37
The History of Corrections Important Personalities: George Fox
(17th century, England ). He founded the so-called Quakers, known
as the Society of Friends, a church known for pacifism,
humanitarian and emphasis on inner quiet, which was persecuted for
its rejection of organized churches.
Slide 38
The History of Corrections Important Personalities: - JOHN
HOWARD identified as the Great Prison Reformer and author of The
State of Prisons in England -John Howard. Father of Prisons Reform.
Visited every Jail and prison in Jurisdiction. a. Documented
conditions in the State of Prison in England 1777 b. Lead to
formation several prisons societies c. Also led to Penitentiary Act
of 1779 Intended to make prisons: Safe and sanitary Operate with
out fees Impose regimen of reform Be Systematically inspected
Slide 39
The History of Corrections Important Personalities: - VICOMTE
JEAN JACQUES PHILIPPE VILLAIN XIV Father of Modern Penitentiary
Science and founder of the House of Correction in Ghent,
Belgium
Slide 40
1. Manuel Montesimos He was the Director of Prisons at
Valencia, Spain in 1838, who divided prisoners into companies and
appointed prisoners as petty officers in charge; allowed the
reduction of the inmates sentences by one third (1/3) for good
behavior; offered trade training to prepare the convicts for return
to society. 2. Domets(Demetz) of France Established an agricultural
colony for delinquent boys in 1839, providing house fathers as in
charge of these boys. He concentrated on re- education; upon their
discharge, the boys were placed under the supervision of a patron.
Persons Responsible for Introducing Reforms in the Correctional
Field
Slide 41
3. Alexander Maconochie As Superintendent of the Penal Colony
at Norfolk Island in Australia in 1848, he introduced a progressive
humane system to substitute for corporal punishment known as the
Mark System wherein a prisoner was required to earn a number of
marks based upon proper department, labor, and study in order to
entitle him to a ticket of leave or conditional release which is
similar to parole. Alexander Maconochie. He is considered as one of
the father of modern penology.
Slide 42
4. Sir Walter Crofton He was the Director of the Irish Prisons
in 1854, who introduced the Irish system which was later called the
progressive stage system. The Irish system was actually a
modification of Maconochies system, and consisted of four stages:
(1) Solitary confinement or prisoners for nine months, receiving
reduced diet and monotonous work, gradually progressing to a better
treatment toward the end of the first stage, (2) Assignment to
public works in association with other convicts, (3) Sending to a
place which was a sort of preparation for release where the
prisoner worked without custodial supervision, exposing him to
ordinary temptations of freedom, and finally (4) Release of the
prisoner on supervision under conditions equivalent to parole.
Slide 43
5. Zebulon R. Brockway (1827-1920). He was the director of the
Elmira Reformatory in New York, 1876. He introduced a certain
innovational programs like the following, training school type,
compulsory education of prisoners, caseworks method, extensive use
of parole, indeterminate sentence. Regarded as the father of prison
reform in the United States. Believed that the primary reason to
have a prisoner in custody was to rehabilitate and not simply to
punish. Warden at the Elmira reformatory from 1876 to 1900.
Slide 44
6. Sir Evelyn Ruggles Brise He was the director of English
Prisons who opened the Borstal Institution after visiting Elmira
Reformatory in 1897. Such Borstal Institutions today are considered
as the best reform institutions for young offenders. This system
was based entirely on the individualized treatment.
Slide 45
Other Personalities PETER RENTZEL established a workhouse in
Hamburg at his own expense(1669) because he had observed that
thieves and prostitutes were made worse instead of better by
pillory and he hoped that they might improve by work and religious
instruction in a work house. DOMETS of FRANCE established an
agricultural colony for delinquent boys THOMAS ALVA EDISON
discovered the electric chair
Slide 46
Other Personalities Karl Menninger: He differentiate punishment
is a pain inflicted over the years for the sake of inflicting pain
while penalty is a predetermined drive leveled automatically for a
crime committed. Aristotle: First attempted to explain crimes in
his book Nicomedian Ethics. He discussed corrective justice thus
punishment is a means of restoring the balance between pleasure and
pain. Elizabeth Fry - An English reformer sometimes referred to as
the "angel of prisons" because of her driving force behind new
legislation to treat prisoners humanely.
Slide 47
Elmira and the American Reformatory System The Elmira
Reformatory, New York, a person constructed like typical Auburn
Prison, was opened in 1876, with Zebulon R. Brockway as the first
superintendent. The reformatories housed youthful offenders between
ages sixteen (16) and thirty (30) and were first offenders. Under
this program: 1. A new prisoner was classified as second grade, 2.
Promoted to first grade after six months of good behavior, 3.
Another six months of good behavior in the first grade qualified
him for parole. However, if the prisoner committed misconduct, he
was demoted to third grade where he was required to show good
behavior for one month before he could be reclassified to second
grade. Elmira Reformatory Movement
Slide 48
The is considered as the forerunner of modern penology because
it had all the elements of a modern correctional system, among
which were a training school type, that is, compulsory education,
casework method, and extensive use of parole based on the
indeterminate sentence. Elmira Reformatory
Slide 49
OTHERS: Devil's island - French penal colony from 1852 to 1959
where political prisoners are exiled. Robben island - A prison
complex located at the coast of Cape town south Africa which serve
as a refugee camp for people afflicted with leper before converted
into a prison.
Slide 50
OTHERS: Magna Carta - England's historic document which states
that no man could be imprisoned without trial. Port Arthur -
located in Tasmania, Australia, is a penal colony which is the
destination for the hardest English prisoner during the middle of
the 19th century.
Slide 51
OTHERS: Banishment - to force offenders to leave a country,
home, or place by official decree. Piracy act of 1717 - was an act
of the parliament of Great Britain that established a 7 years penal
transportation to North America as a possible punishment for those
convicted of lesser felonies.
Slide 52
OTHERS: Auburn System - A penal method of the 19th century in
which persons worked during the day and were kept in solitary
confinement at night and silence enforced at all times. Elmira
correctional facility - The first reformatory prison. Notable
elements of Auburn system a. stripped uniform b. lockstep c.
silence Auburn correctional facility - the site of the first
execution by electric chair in 1890.
Slide 53
OTHERS: Pennsylvania system - penal method based on the
principle that solitary confinement fosters penitence and courage's
reformation. Superseded by the Auburn system. Separate system - is
a form of prison management based on the principle of keeping
prisoners in solitary confinement.
Slide 54
National Correction Conscious Week Every last week of October.
By virtue of Proclamation Number 551. March 15,1995 President
FVR
Slide 55
Department of Justice BUCOR National Prisons & Penal Farms
National Prisons & Penal Farms Dept. of Social Welfare &
Dev Centers for youth offenders B J M P District, city and
municipal jails District, city and municipal jails Dept. of the
Interior & Local Govt. PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT Provincial and
sub-provincial jails Provincial and sub-provincial jails
Slide 56
The three executive departments of the
government.(Implementation) 1.DOJ - manages the national prisoners
2. DILG - manages inmates who are undergoing investigation,
awaiting or undergoing trial, awaiting final judgment and those who
are convicted by imprisonment of up to three (3) years 3. DSWD -
manages sentenced youth offenders.
Slide 57
DOJ A. Bureau of Corrections (BUCOR) - with a principal task of
the rehabilitation of prisoners so they can become useful members
of society upon completion of their service of sentence. B. Board
of Pardons and Parole (BPP) - recommends to the President the
prisoners who are qualified for parole, pardon or other forms of
executive clemency in the form of reprieve, commutation of
sentence, conditional pardon and absolute pardon. C. Parole and
Probations Administration (PPA) -conducts post- sentence
investigation of petitioners for probation as referred by the
courts, as well as pre-parole/pre-executive clemency investigation
to determine the suitability of the offender to be reintegrated in
the community instead of serving their sentence inside an
institution or prison; exercises general supervision over all
parolees and probationers and promotes the correction and
rehabilitation of offenders outside the prison institution.
Slide 58
DILG A. Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) has
jurisdiction over all municipal, city and district jails
nationwide. B. Provincial Local Government Unit operates all
provincial jails. C. Philippine National Police (PNP) likewise
maintains detention facilities in its different police stations
nationwide.
Slide 59
DSWD Operates Regional Rehabilitation Centers and assumes
responsibility for the restorative part of the correction system by
maintaining centers for the care and restoration of youth and women
who are in conflict with the law.
Slide 60
Slide 61
The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology came into existence
pursuant to Section 60, RA 6975, which took effect on 02 January
1991. This is an upgraded version of its forerunner, the Office of
Jail Management and Penology of the defunct PC/INP. As mandated by
law, the BJMP shall operate under the reorganized Department of the
Interior and Local Government as line Bureau. BUREAU OF JAIL
MANAGEMENT & PENOLOGY Legal Mandate
Slide 62
APPREHENDED DRUG COURIERS Visitors Inmates TOTAL CY 2004 47 62
109 CONTRABAND CONFISCATED Shabu Marijuana Cellfones CY 2004
309.23g & 96 sachets 2.1g & 43 sticks 62 units Oplan
Greyhound - unannounced inspection and religious conduct of
searches of inmates quarters to flush out contraband and other
deadly weapons and to ensure the safety and security of inmates,
visitors and personnel.
Slide 63
-the release of inmates/prisoners through the implementation of
applicable laws. 1. A P P L I C A B L E L A W S Release on
Recognizance (RA 6036) Probation/Parole (PD 968) Child Welfare Code
(PD 603) Preventive Imprisonment (BP 85) GCTA (Art. 99, RPC) 2. O T
H E R M O D E S of R EL E A S E Released on Bail Transfer to BUCOR
& Other Penal Institutions Oplan Decongestion
Slide 64
ACTUAL1:60 IDEAL 1:7 1 jailguard for every 60 inmates per shift
1 jailguard for every 7 inmates per shift USA2:1 2 jailguards
guarding 1 inmate in well-secured facility
Slide 65
A C T U A L 4 : 1 I D E A L 1:1+1 4 inmates under the control
of 1 jailguard 1 inmate is guarded by 1 jailguard and 1 overall
supervisor Escort Personnel Requirement = 5,477 (10% of Jail
Population) Singapore And Japan 2 + 1:1 2 jailguards plus 1
supervisor escorting 1 inmate
Slide 66
Escort Procedure For court appearance: 2:1 Two(2) guards by one
inmate(1) Distance of guards from inmates: A guard shall keep a
distance of not less than ten (10) paces from his charge.
Slide 67
Living Space: The average living space for each inmate is 1.82
square meters, In dormitories inmates are grouped according to
their gang affiliation or region. Unmarked inmates, foreigners,
youth offenders are remand prisoners are housed separately.
Slide 68
Institutional Programs 1. Inmate work program 2. Health care 3.
education and skills training 4. Recreation and Sports 5. Religious
guidance and behavior modification using the therapeutic community
approach.
Slide 69
Correction Prison reform - is the attempt to improve conditions
inside prisons and aiming a a more effective penal system.
Rehabilitation - it came from latin word "habilis" literally fit or
suitable. Its meaning was expanded to mean "restore to sound
operation" or "to establish the good reputation".
Slide 70
Correction Halfway house - also called recovery house or sober
house - is a place to allow people to begin the process of
reintegration with society while still providing monitoring and
support; this is generally believed to reduce the risk of
recidivism or relapse when compared to a release directly into
society. Solitary confinement - is a special form of imprisonment
in which a prisoner is isolated from any human contact, though
often with the exception of members of prison staff.
Slide 71
Total Institution The prison, is a place of residence and work
where a large number of like-situated individuals, cut off from
wider society for an appreciable period of time, together lead an
enclosed, formally administered round of life. A total institution
is one that completely encapsulates the lives of the people who
work and live there. A prison must be such an institution in the
sense that whatever prisoners do or not do begins and ends there;
every minute behind bars must be lived in accordance with the rules
as enforced by the staff.
Slide 72
Distinction of Jail and Prison JAILPRISON 1. A place of
detention; a place where a person convicted or suspected of a crime
is detained. 2. BJMP 3. DILG 4. Holds people awaiting trial and
people sentenced for a short duration. 1. A place of long term
confinement for those convicted of serious crimes. 2. Bureau of
Corrections 3. DOJ 4. Holds people convicted of crimes; sentenced
for a longer term.
Slide 73
THE COST OF JAILS AND PRISONS TO GOVERNMENT Sept 11,2011 Under
the General Appropriations Act (GAA), the subsistence allowance or
the budget for food for each detainee/prisoner is pegged to P50 per
day or P18,250 per year. The medicine allowance per
detainee/prisoner is P3.00 per day or P1,095 per year. The two
allowances together amount to P19,345 per detainee/prisoner,
whether in the BJMP, or in BuCor.
Slide 74
Transportation & Food Allowance Release: A.NCR: Fifty
pesos(P50.00)-Transportation Two Hundred(P200.00)-Food B.
Provinces: Free Ticket-Transportation Two
Hundred(P200.00)-Food
Slide 75
What is Competent authority? shall refer to the Supreme Court,
Court of Appeals, Regional Trial Court, Metropolitan Trial Court,
Municipal Trial Court, Municipal Circuit Trial Court,
Sandiganbayan, Military Courts, House of Representatives, Senate,
commission on Electrons, Bureau of Immigration and the Board of
Pardons and Parole;
Slide 76
What is Carpeta? refers to the institutional record of an
inmate which consists of his mittimus/commitment order, the
prosecutors information and the decision of the trial court,
including that the appellate court, if any.
Slide 77
What is Prison record? refers to information concerning an
inmates personal circumstances, the offense he committed, the
sentence imposed, the criminal case numbers in the trial and
appellate courts, the date he commenced service of his sentence,
the date he was received for confinement, the place of confinement,
the date of expiration of his sentence, the number of previous
convictions, if any, and his behaviour or conduct while in
prison.
Slide 78
What is Reception and Diagnostic Center? Reception and
Diagnostic Center in every prison which shall receive; study and
classify inmates and detainees committed to the Bureau.
Slide 79
Quarantine Upon admission in the Reception and Diagnostic
Center, an inmate shall be placed in quarantine for at least five
(5) days during which he shall be 1. given a physical examination
to determine any physical illness or handicap or mental ailment and
to segregate those suspected of having an infectious or contagious
disease. If found sick, the inmate shall be immediately confined in
the prison hospital; 2. oriented with prison rules; and 3.
interviewed by a counsellor, social worker or other program staff
officers. The interview shall be conducted in private.
Slide 80
Assignment of inmate After the quarantine period, the inmate
shall remain in the Reception and Diagnostic Center for a period
not exceeding fifty-five (55) days where he shall undergo
psychiatric, psychological, sociological, vocational, educational
and religious and other examinations. The results of said
examinations shall be the basis for the inmates individualized
treatment program. Thereafter, he shall be assigned to a prison
facility as may be recommended by a Chief of the Reception and
Diagnostic Center.
Slide 81
Admission Process After registration the inmate shall be
photograph front and side view, fingerprint and assigned a
permanent prison number, the male inmate shall then be given a
regulation haircut and his beard mustache if any, shall be shaven
off.
Slide 82
Admission of Inmates An inmate shall be admitted in the
Reception and Diagnostic Center of a prison upon presentation of
the following documents; a. Mittimus/Commitment Order of the court;
b. Information and Court decision in the case; c. Certification of
detention, if any; and d. Certification that the case of the inmate
is not on appeal. Note: A female inmate shall be received only at
the CIW.
Slide 83
Form on mittimus/commitment order The mittimus/commitment order
shall be under the signature of the judge and shall bear the seal
of the court attested by the clerk of court thereof.
Slide 84
Color of Uniform as to security classification The color of the
uniform of an inmate shall be based on his security classification,
as follows: Maximum security tangerine Medium security blue Minimum
security brown Detainee gray,
Slide 85
Classification of inmates as to entitlement to privileges
Inmates shall be classified as follows to determine their
entitlement to prison privileges; 1. Detainee; 2. Third Class
inmate one who has either been previously committed for three (3)
or more times as a sentenced inmate, except/those imprisoned for
non-payment of a fine and those who had been reduced from a higher
class; 3. Second Class inmate a newly arrived inmate; an inmate
demoted from first class; or one promoted from the third class; 4.
First Class inmate one whose known character and credit for work
while in detention earned assignment to this class upon
commencement of sentence; or one who has been promoted from the
second class; 5. Colonist.
Slide 86
Colonist The Director may, upon the recommendation of the
Classification Board, classify an inmate who has the following
qualifications as a colonist: a. Be at least a first class inmate
and has served one (1) year immediately preceding the completion of
the period specified in the following qualifications; b. Has served
imprisonment with good conduct for a period equivalent to one fifth
(1/5) of the maximum term of his prison sentence, or seven (7)
years in the case of a life sentence.
Slide 87
Privileges of a colonist, A colonist shall have the following
privileges: 1. Credit of an additional GCTA of five (5) days for
each calendar month while he retains said classification aside from
the regular GCTA authorized under Article 97 of the Revised Penal
Code; b. Automatic reduction of the life sentence imposed on the
colonist to a sentence of thirty (30) years; c. Subject to the
approval of the Director, to have his wife and children, or the
woman he desires to marry, life with him in the prison and penal
farm. Transportation expenses of the family going to and the
discharge of the colonist from the prison and penal farm shall be
for the account of the government. The family may avail of all
prison facilities such as hospital, church and school free of
charge. All the members of the family of a colonist shall be
subject to the rules governing the prison and penal farm; d. As a
special reward to a deserving colonist, the issuance of a
reasonable amount of clothing and ordinarily household supplies
form the government commissary in addition to free subsistence; and
e. To wear civilian clothes on such special occasions as may be
designated by the Superintendent.
Slide 88
An inmates who are spouses Husband and wife inmates may be
allowed to serve their sentence together in a prison and penal farm
as soon as both are classified as colonist.
Slide 89
Revocation of colonist status The grant of colonist status may,
for cause, be revoked at any time by the Superintendent with the
approval of the Director.
Slide 90
Confinement and Accommodations of Inmate Place of confinement.
An inmates shall only be confined in a place declared by the
President of the Philippines by Executive Order to be a place of
confinement of national inmates or by specific direction of the
court, provided that a male inmate shall be committed directly to
and shall be confined in a prison nearest his actual place of
residence. A prison may also be used as a place of detention for
other classes of inmates or for the temporary safekeeping of any
person detained upon legal process.
Slide 91
Security compounds A prison shall, whenever possible, have
separate prison compounds for the segregation of inmates according
to their security classification. Each compound shall be under s
Superintendent who is assisted by an Assistant Superintendent
Slide 92
To view the deceased relative Duration of the privilege. The
inmate may be allowed more or less three (3) hours to view the
deceased relative in the place where the remains lay in the state
but shall not be allowed to pass any other place in transit, or to
join the funeral cortege.
Slide 93
To view the deceased relative Distance of travel. the privilege
may be enjoyed only if the deceased relative is in a place within a
radius of thirty (30) kilometers by road from the prison. Where the
distance is more than thirty (30) kilometers, the privilege may be
extended if the inmate can leave and return to his place of
confinement during the daylight hours of the same day.
Slide 94
Prison Labor Prison labor of finally convicted inmate. A
finally convicted able-bodied inmate may be required to work at
least eight (8) hours a day, except on Sundays and legal holidays,
in and about the prison, public buildings, grounds, roads, and
other public works of the national government.
Slide 95
Prison Labor Prison labor of detainee A detainee may not be
required to work in prison. However, he may be made to police his
cell and perform such other labor as may be deemed necessary for
hygienic or sanitary reasons.
Slide 96
Female inmate A female inmates shall only be assigned to work
on jobs suitable to her age and physical condition. She shall be
supervised only by women officers.
Slide 97
Old inmate Old inmate. an inmate over sixty (60) years of age
may be excused from mandatory labor.
Slide 98
Place of work assignment Place of work assignment Only medium
and minimum security inmates may assigned to work in agricultural
field projects within a prison reservation. Maximum security
inmates shall not be allowed to work outside the maximum security
compound.
Slide 99
Work programs Work programs shall be conducted in prison to
promote good work habits and self-esteem among inmates and not as a
means to exploit cheap prison labor or as a punishment for deviant
behavior.
Slide 100
Compensation Credits Inmate compensation. Six (6) months after
being permanently assigned to work in prison, an inmate may receive
compensation credits at rates to be prescribed by the Director,
provided: a. He maintains good conduct; and b. He shows interest
and a definite degree of progress in the particular work assigned
to him.
Slide 101
Compensation Credits Compensation credits. Compensation credits
shall be allowed in the payment of those classified on workmanship
classification of skilled and semi-skilled grades. The credits
accruing to each shall be made monthly in accordance with the
approved recommendation of the committee named for this purpose. A
copy of the committees recommendation, duly approved by the
Director or the Superintendent, shall be furnished the Commission
on Audit for his information in connection with his duty of
supervising the proper accountability of the fund created, the
credits to which shall be part of the inmates Trust Fund.
Slide 102
Compensation Credits Compensation earned, how applied. the
whole or part of the compensation credits earned by an inmate may
be forfeited and applied to the payment of supplies and equipment
lost or damaged resulting from the inmates misconduct or willful
negligence. One-half (1/2) of said earnings may be utilized by the
inmate to purchase some of his needs. The remainder shall be
withheld, to be paid to him upon release only. In exceptional
cases, however, upon satisfactory showing of a necessity for
withdrawal, the Director or the Superintendent may authorize the
disbursement of any part of the amount retained.
Slide 103
Time allowance for Good Conduct and Loyalty Who may grant Good
Conduct Time Allowance (GCTA). The Director may grant GCTA to an
inmate who displays good behaviour and who has no record of breach
of discipline or violation of prison rules and regulations.
Slide 104
Time allowance for Good Conduct and Loyalty Effects of GCTA The
good conduct or behaviour of an inmate shall entitle him to the
following dedications from the period of his sentence: a. During
the first two (2) years of his imprisonment, he shall be allowed a
deduction of five (5) days for each month of good behaviour; b.
During the third to the fifth years, inclusive, of his
imprisonment, he shall be allowed a deduction of eight (8) days for
each month of good behaviour; c. During the following years until
the tenth year, inclusive, of his imprisonment, he shall be allowed
a deduction of ten. (10) days for each month of good behaviour; and
d. During the eleventh and successive years of his imprisonment, he
shall be allowed a deduction of fifteen (15) days for each month of
good behaviour.
Slide 105
Time allowance for Good Conduct and Loyalty Special time
allowance for loyalty. A deduction of one-fifth (1/5) of the period
of his sentence shall be granted to an inmate who, after evading
the service of his sentence on the occasion of a disorder resulting
from a conflagration, earthquake, explosion, or similar
catastrophe, or during a mutiny in which he has not participated,
gives himself up voluntarily to the authorities within forty-eight
(48) hours following the issuance of a proclamation on announcing
the passing away of such calamity.
Slide 106
Inmate head count A head count of inmates shall be conducted
four (4) times a day or as often as necessary to ensure that all
inmates are duly accounted for. Control of prison keys. Only the
following shall be authorized to posses the keys of prison gates,
cells, dormitories and hospitals wants: a.Gate officer;
b.Officer-of-the-Day or Shift Commander; c.Keeper; and d.Custodial
or Medical Officer designated by the Superintendent
Slide 107
Based on his assessment of the prevailing conditions, the guard
in command shall deploy the guards into the following groups. 1 st
Group this is the initial wave of anti-riot assault contingent who
shall be armed with wicker shields, protective headgear, gas masks
and night sticks or batons, when these are available. The
objectives of this group are to disperse the rioters and get their
leaders. 2 nd Group This is the back-up force of the 1 st Group who
shall be equipped with tear gas guns and gas grenades. 3 rd Group
This is composed of guards whoa re trained in the proper handling
and use of firearms. Under the direct command of the
guard-in-charge, they shall provide covering fire to the first two
groups.
Slide 108
Infant born to a CIW inmate. an infant born while the mother is
serving sentence in the CIW may be allowed to stay with the mother
for a period not exceeding one (1) year. After the lapse of said
period, if the mother of the infant fails to place the child in a
home of her own, the Superintendent shall make arrangements with
the Department of Social Welfare and Development or any other
social welfare agency for the infants care. As far as practicable,
the CIW shall have a nursery staffed by qualified personnel.
Slide 109
Classification of Sentenced Prisoners 1. Insular Prisoner is a
person who is sentenced to serve a prison term of (over) three (3)
years or to pay a fine or more than one thousand pesos (1,000.00)
or both fine and imprisonment. 2. Provincial Prisoners- one who is
sentenced to a prison term of six months and one day to three
years. 3. City Prisoner is a person who is sentenced to serve
imprisonment for not more than three (3) years or to pay a fine of
not more than one thousand pesos (P1, 000.00), or both fine and
imprisonment. 4. Municipal Prisoner is a person who is sentenced to
serve imprisonment for not more than six (6) months.
Classification of Prisoners according to Degree of Custody or
Security 1.Super Maximum Security Prisoners- this is a special
group of prisoners composed of incorrigibles, intractable, and
dangerous persons who are so difficult to manage that they are the
source of constant disturbance even in a maximum- security
institution 2.Maximum Security Prisoners- thus consists of Chronic
troublemakers but not as dangerous as the super security
prisoners
Slide 112
Classification of Prisoners according to Degree of Custody or
Security 3. Medium Security Prisoners- these are the prisoners who
may be allowed to work outside the fence of the institution under
guard escorts. Generally, they are employed as agricultural. 4.
Minimum Security prisoners- this group belongs the prisoners who
can already be trusted to report to their places of work
assignments without the presence of guards. They are free to move
around subject only to curfew houses during the night time.
Slide 113
Level of Security Facility 1.Super Maximum Security
Facility-The Alcatraz is the best example of a super maximum
security facility, however,the operation cost of such facility is
very expensive,hence Alcatraz was abandoned nowadays, SMSF are
situated inside the maximum security facility which is more
economical. 2.Maximum Security Facility- Usually enclosed by a
thick wall about 18-25ft high, on top are catwalk in every corner a
tower post manned by heavily armed guards.
Slide 114
Level of Security Facility 3. Medium Security Facility- Usually
enclosed by a two layer wire fences, the inner fence is 12- 14 feet
high with top guard, the outer fence is 8-12feet high distance
between the two fences is from 18-20ft. 4. Minimum Security
Facility- the fencing if there is such, is intended not for the
prisoners but from civilians to deter them from entering the
premise.
Slide 115
PHILIPPINE PRISON SYSTEM A. National Prison/Insular
PrisonNational 1.Bureau of Prisons/Corrections-Muntinlupa City
Rizal a. NBP- Maximum Security Prison b. Camp Sampaguita- Medium
Security Prison c. Camp Bukang Liwayway- Minimum Security Prison LT
GEORGE M WOLFE Director 1904 1910 First Bureau of Prison
Director
Slide 116
BUCOR-Bureau of PrisonBJMP Reorganization Act of 1905 created
under Dept. of commerce. Nov. 1,1905 Administrative Code of 1987
and Proclamation No. 495 issued on November 22, 1989. Change the
agencies' name to Bureau of Corrections from Bureau of Prisons.
Created by pursuant to Sec. 20, RA No. 6975 January 2, 1991 Under
DOJ LEILA M. DE LIMA Secretary of Justice Under DILG Mar Roxas
Secretary of DILG For securing sentence of having a sentence of 3
years 1 day to life imprisonment For detention of having a short
sentence of 3 years and below. BUCOR VS BJMP
Slide 117
Head Director of Bureau of Corrections; appointed by the
President with the confirmation of the Commission on Appointments
Franklin Jesus B. Bucayu- Acting Director Head Chief of the BJMP;
appointed by the Secretary of DILG with the confirmation of the
Commission on Appointments. CSupt DIONY D MAMARIL, CESO
Officer-in-Charge Coverage: * New Bilibid Prisons (Main Bldg.) -
Maximum * Camp Sampaguita - Medium * Camp Bukang Liwayway - Minimum
* Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC) * Correctional Institution
for Women (Mandaluyong) * The Penal Colonies Coverage: * cities,
municipal and district jails Throughout the country.
Slide 118
BJMP Central Office-103 Vargas Building Kalayaan Avenue, Quezon
City. Jail National Training Institute Bicutan Taguig Assistant
Regional Director Head of BJMP Regional office. Provincial Jail
Administrator Head of BJMP provincial offices.
District/City/Municipal Jail Warden Head of district/City/Municipal
Jail
Slide 119
Old Bilibid Prison - Old Prison is located at Oroqieta, Manila,
and Constructed in 1847 by virtue of Royal Decree of the Spanish
Crown. - Pursuant to Sec.1708 of the Revised Administrative Code. -
Constructed in a radical Spokes of a wheel form and made strong
adobe stones: Formally opened by a Royal Decree in 1865. - Used
today as Manila City Jail. - Famous name of its name as May Haligue
Estate.
Slide 120
The New Bilibid PrisonNew -Commonwealth Act No. 67 -1935
-November 15, 1940 -transfer -January 22, 1941 name new bilibid
prison -587 hectares -shop became a trademark for fine workmanship
of furniture made by prisoners. -three security Compounds : a.
Maximum b. Medium- also known as Camp Sampaguita c. Minimum-also
known as Camp Bukang Liwayway
Slide 121
Penal Farm 1. San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm - Established on
August 21, 1869 in San Ramon, Zamboanga del Sur. For the
confinement of political offenders. - Was named after its founder
Ramon Blanco, a Spanish captain in the Royal Army. - It has an area
capacity of 1,542.61 hectares. - It houses maximum, medium and
minimum custody types of prisoners. - Has an average population of
1,200 prisoners. - The principal product is copra, which is one of
the biggest sources of income of the Bureau of Prison. It also
produce rice, corn, coffee, cattle and livestock.
Slide 122
The San Ramon Prison and Penal Farm -This penal farm was
designed for agro-industrial activities -This prison and penal farm
formerly administered separately from that of the Old Bilibid, was
closed in 1898 during the Spanish-American War. -San Ramon Prison
and Penal Farm which was closed as a result of the war was
re-opened by virtue of the approval of the Reorganization Act No.
1407 of November 1, 1905 which created the Bureau of Prisons. -The
Bilibid Prison and the San Ramon prison and Penal Farm became the
nucleus of the present Philippine Prison System. -General John J.
Pershing was the Governor of Mindanao and Sulu, in 1912, he
renovated the penal farm. -San Ramon not only serves as confinement
center for prisoners from Mindanao, but also a receiving station
for the Bureau of Mindanao.
Slide 123
Penal Farm 2. The Iwahig Penal Colony - Establish in Sta.
Lucia, Palawan on November 16, 1904. -Foreman R.J. Shields, with
sixteen prisoners left the Bilibid Prison by order of Governor
Forbes, who was the Secretary of Commerce and Police, to establish
the Colony in Palawan. -Today, they enjoy the reputation of being
one of the best open institutions in the world. - Only mutual trust
and confidence between the wards and the prison authorities keep
them together, without walls of stones and guns. - It has an area
of 36,000 hectares and an average population of 4,000
prisoners.
Slide 124
The Iwahig Penal Colony - Americans(1904) - Iuhit penal
settlement -Reorganization Act No. 1407 - November 1, 1905 -minimum
custody -41,007 hectares by virtue of Executive Order No. 67 issued
by Governor Newton Gilbert on October 15, 1912.
Slide 125
The colony is divided into four sub-colonies, namely; Central
Sub-colony, Sta. Lucia Sub-colony, Inagawan Sub-colony and Montible
Sub-colony. Each sub-colony operates as a small institution under
the charge of a Penal Supervisor. The colony administers the
Tagumpay Settlement. The settlement is a 1,000 hectares portion of
the colony which was sub-divided into 6 hectares homestead lots are
distributed to released inmates who desire to live in the
settlement. One of the important feature of the Iwahig Penal Colony
is the privilege granted to colonist (inmates) to their families
transported to the colony at government expense and live with them
in the colonist village. The principal products of the colony are
rice, corn, copra, logs, forest products and cattle.
Slide 126
Penal Colony 3. The Correctional Institution for Women -Act.
3579 previously passed on Nov. 27, 1929 -In February 14, 1931, the
Correctional Institution for women was established on an 18-hectare
piece of land in Mandaluyong to segregate the women form men
prisoners. -1934, date of creation for the position for a female
superintendent - Correctional Institution for Women enjoys the
privilege of being a separate institution under the Bureau of
Prisons with separate budgetary outlay and necessary personnel. -
Conduct vocational courses in dressmaking, beauty culture,
handicrafts, cloth weaving and slipper making. - Ramon Victoria,
first Director of CIW -Elizabeth Fry-first woman to advocate the
rights of the women inmates. - Smallest penal colony
Slide 127
Penal Colony 4. Davao Penal Colony -Banana is the major product
-established on January 21, 1932 in accordance with Act. No. 3732
and Proclamation No. 414, series of 1931. -General Paulino Santos,
its founder then Director of Prisons. -The original purpose of this
colony was to ease congestion in the Bilibid Prison and to stop the
Japanese expansion in Davao. -The area consists of 18,000 hectares
mostly devoted to abaca industry.
Slide 128
-In 1942 this colony was used as concentration for American War
prisoners and the Japanese devastated the colony, destroying its
buildings, arms, machineries and industries. -In August 1946, it
was reestablished to its former productive activity by slow
reconstruction. -It is now the main source of income of the Bureau
from its vast abaca, rice and other industries. -The colony has the
potential of producing rice which will meet the whole bureau in
rice.
Slide 129
The colony is divided into three sub- colonies namely,the
Panabo sub- colony, the Kapalong sub- colony, and the Nafco sub
colony. Each sub colony is headed by the Penal Supervisor. The
institution also raises rice, corn, kernel, copra and cattle. The
colony has the potential of producing rice which will meet the
whole bureau in rice. The Davao Penal Colony also operates the
Tagumpay Settlement where released prisoners of the colony are
relocated as homesteaders
Slide 130
Penal Colony 5.Sablayan Penal Colony -President issued a
Proclamation No. 72,declaring that some hectares of the virgin
Island in Sablayan, Occidental Mindoro is for the Sablayan Penal
Colony. -September 27, 1954 -Director Alfredo M Bunye persuaded the
Secretary of Justice to make the President agree to the
establishment of a new colony.(Sablayan) -enjoys the reputation of
being the youngest and fastest growing colony under this Bureau -
Rice is the principal product of this colony -16,403.5
hectares
Slide 131
-This institution is an open or minimum security type of
institution. - It also raises vegetables, not only for the use of
the colony, but also for the inmates of the New Bilibid Prison
Sub-colonies Central sub-colony3. Pasugui sub-colony 1.Pusog
sub-colony4. Yapang sub-colony
Slide 132
Penal Farm 6. Leyte Prison and Penal Farm -Established on
January 16, 1973 during the martial law period with the aim of
regionalizing prisons throughout the country. -Proclamation No.
1101 issued on January 16, 1973. - It was located in Abuyog, Leyte.
-This institution is very similar to the other prison and penal
farm. Note: The oldest Prison in the Philippines is the Fort
Santiago in Manila. The NBP Reservation houses the BuCor
headquarters
Slide 133
The Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC) This is the office
where newly arrived prisoners is processed and evaluated. Before a
prisoners is admitted to the operating institution, he must stay at
the RDC for 60 days where he will undergo staff interviews,
examination, documentation and initial classification, this is
known as diagnostic examination.
Slide 134
FOUR SEPARATE BUT COORDINATED PROCEDURES OF CLASSIFICATION
DIAGNOSIS 1. DIAGNOSIS the prisoners case history is taken and his
personality studied. Through examination and observations, the RDCs
staff determines the nature and extent of the persons criminality
and the extent to which he may be rehabilitated. 2. TREATMENT
PLANNING this is the formulation of a tentative treatment program
best suited to the needs and interest of an individual prisoner,
based on the findings of the RDCs staff. 3. EXECUTION OF TREATMENT
PROGRAM - this is in the application of the treatment program and
policies by the classification committee. 4. RE-CLASSIFICATION the
treatment program is kept current with the inmates changing needs
and with new analysis, based on any information not available at
the time of the initial classification committee meeting of the
inmates case, which continues from the time of the first
classification until the inmates is released.
Slide 135
ADMISSION PROCEDURE IN PRISON 1. RECEIVING The new prisoner is
received either in the center (RDC) or in prison, but later on
transferred to the center. 2. CHECKING COMMITMENT PAPERS The
receiving checks the commitment papers if they are in order, that
is, if it contains the signature of the judge of the signature of
the clerk of court and seal of the court. 3. ESTABLISHING IDENTITY
OF THE PRISONER The prisoners identity is established through the
picture and the fingerprint of the prisoner appearing on the
commitment order. 4. SEARCHING THE PRISONER This step involves the
frisking of the prisoner and searching of his personal things. 5.
ASSIGNMENT OF QUARTERS The new prisoner is then sent to the
quarantines until where he spends five days.(5days)
Slide 136
The Institutionalized Treatment Programs 1. Prison Education
the cornerstone of rehabilitation. It is the process or result of
formal training in school or classrooms intended to shape the mind
and attitude of prisoners towards good living upon their release.
2. Classes of Prison Education: a. General and Academic Education
the objective of which is to eradicate illiteracy among prisoners.
This could be the best contribution of correctional system can
offer to society. b. Vocational Education the purpose of which is
to provide prisoners necessary skills for successful works in a
socially acceptable occupation after their release. c. Physical
Education designed for those who have physical disabilities. d.
Work Programs these are programs conducive to change behavior in
morale by training prisoners for a useful occupation. It is
purposely to eliminate idleness on the part of prisoners, which may
contribute to Prison stupor, and it affects the incidence of prison
riot.
Slide 137
Classification of Prison Work Programs 1. Educational
Assignments prisoners maybe assigned to either general education,
vocational or physical education. 2. Maintenance Assignments the
assignment involves labor related to care and up keeping of the
institution properties. 3. Agricultural and Industrial Assignments
4. Unassignable prisoners who are nearly to leave the institution,
awaiting transfer, those in disciplinary status, and those who are
chronically ill with mental disabilities are considered
unassignable prisoners. Prisoners over 60 years of age may be
excused from hard work.
Slide 138
Classification of Prison Work Programs 5. Religious Services in
Prison the purpose of this program is to change the attitudes of
inmates by inculcating religious values or belief. 6. Recreational
Program the only program that is conducted during free time
schedule. Activities may include athletics/sports, musical and
arts, social games, special activities on special events, etc. 7.
Medical and Health Services includes mental and physical
examination, diagnosis and treatment, immunization, sanitary
inspections, participation in training.
Slide 139
Issuance of Uniforms The newly admitted inmate shall be issued
two regulation uniforms/suits and two t-shirts. 1.1 blanket 2.1 mat
3.1 pillow with pillow case 4.1 mosquito net 5.1 set, mess kit, and
6.1 pair slippers The inmate shall be held responsible and
accountable for the items issued to him.
Slide 140
Separation and placement center An inmate shall,30days before
his schedule date of release, be transferred to the separation and
placement center to prepare him for reentry into free society,
provided he is not under punishment or an escape risk, and is
cleared of his government property accountability. -Time release
education.
Slide 141
Pre-release seminar All inmates eligible for release shall
undergo a 1 day seminar in preparation for his life outside
prison.
Slide 142
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10575 AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE BUREAU OF
CORRECTIONS (BUCOR) AND PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR: This Act shall be
known as The Bureau of Corrections Act of 2013 Approved: MAY 24
2013
Slide 143
POLICY It is the policy of the State to promote the general
welfare and safeguard the basic rights of every prisoner
incarcerated in our national penitentiary. It also recognizes the
responsibility of the State to strengthen government capability
aimed towards the institutionalization of highly efficient and
competent correctional services. Towards this end, the State shall
provide for the modernization, professionalization and
restructuring of the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) by upgrading its
facilities, increasing the number of its personnel, upgrading the
level of qualifications of their personnel and standardizing their
base pay, retirement and other benefits, making it at par with that
of the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP).
Slide 144
The Mandates of the Bureau of Corrections The BuCor shall be in
charge of safekeeping and instituting reformation programs to
national inmates sentenced to more than three (3) years. (a)
Safekeeping of National Inmates The safekeeping of inmates shall
include decent provision of quarters, food, water and clothing in
compliance with established United Nations standards. The security
of the inmates shall be undertaken by the Custodial Force
consisting of Corrections Officers with a ranking system and salary
grades similar to its counterpart in the BJMP.
Slide 145
(b) Reformation of National Inmates The reformation programs,
which will be instituted by the BuCor for the inmates, shall be the
following: (1) Moral and Spiritual Program; (2) Education and
Training Program; (3) Work and Livelihood Program; (4) Sports and
Recreation Program; (5) Health and Welfare Program; and (6)
Behavior Modification Program, to include Therapeutic
Community.
Slide 146
(c) The reformation programs shall be undertaken by
Professional Reformation Personnel consisting of Corrections
Technical Officers with ranking system and salary grades similar to
Corrections Officers. (1)Corrections Technical Officers are
personnel employed in the implementation of reformation programs
and those personnel whose nature of work requires proximate or
direct contact with inmates. (2) Corrections Technical Officers
include priests, evangelists, pastors, teachers, instructors,
professors, vocational placement officers, librarians, guidance
counselors, physicians, nurses, medical technologists, pharmacists,
dentists, therapists, psychologists, psychiatrists, sociologists,
social workers, engineers, electricians, agriculturists,
veterinarians, lawyers and similar professional skills relevant to
the implementation of inmate reformation programs.
Slide 147
Operations of the Bureau of Corrections (a) The BuCor shall
operate with a directorial structure. It shall undertake reception
of inmates through its Directorate for Reception and Diagnostics
(DRD), formerly Reception and Diagnostic Center (RDC), provide
basic needs and security through its Security and Operations
Directorates, administer reformation programs through its
Reformation Directorates, and prepare inmates for reintegration to
mainstream society through its Directorate for External Relations
(DER), formerly External Relations Division (ERD).
Slide 148
(b) The DRD shall be responsible for the conduct of
classification of each and every inmate admitted to the BuCor.
Inmates shall be classified according to security risk and
sentence. Included in the classification is determining inmates
certain skills or talents, physical, spiritual, social, mental and
psychological evaluation and other behavioral assessments, as
reference of the DRD in the preparation of individual inmate
reformation programs.
Slide 149
(c) Aside from those borne of the provisions under Rule 8, Part
I, Rules of General Application of the United Nations Standard
Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners and that of the
existing regulation of the BuCor on security classification (i.e.
maximum, medium and minimum security risk), inmates shall also be
internally classified by the DRD and segregated according to crimes
committed based on the related penal codes such as Crimes Against
Persons, Crimes Against Properties, Crimes Against Chastity, so on
and so forth, as well as by other related Special Laws, Custom and
Immigration Laws.
Slide 150
(d) From the DRD, the Custodial Force and Reformation Personnel
of respective security institutions/camps shall be in charge for
the security and the implementation of the recommended inmate
reformation program of each and every inmate while serving
sentence, respectively. (e) The Directorate for External Relations
(DER) shall be responsible for pre-release and post-release
programs of inmates due for release. The DER shall also classify
inmates according to skills acquired for referral and endorsement
to appropriate companies or corporations participating in the BuCor
On-The-Job Training Programs for newly reformed inmates. The DER
shall also evaluate, classify and apply necessary programs to
inmates for readiness to join the mainstream society upon
release.
Slide 151
(f) Apart from handling inmates, the BuCor shall
administratively operate like a standard government agency through
its Administrative Directorates with internal control and internal
audit units. (g) The BuCor shall employ full computerization in the
build-up, maintenance and transmittal of necessary inmate records
to all its Prison and Penal Farms and other recipient agencies
(i.e. Board of Pardons and Parole).
Slide 152
Facilities of the Bureau of Corrections The BuCor shall operate
with standard and uniform design of prison facilities, reformation
facilities and administrative facilities, through all the operating
prison and penal farms, such as the following: (a) Dormitory; (b)
Administration building; (c) Perimeter/Security fences; (d)
Hospital/Infirmary; (e) Recreation/Multipurpose hall;
Slide 153
(f) Training/Lecture center; (g) Workshop facility; (h) Mess
hall/kitchen; (i) Visiting area; (j) Water tank and pump; (k)
Reception and diagnostic center; and (l) Service personnel
facilities.
Slide 154
Supervision of the Bureau of Corrections The Department of
Justice (DOJ), having the BuCor as a line bureau and a constituent
unit, shall maintain a relationship of administrative supervision
with the latter as defined under Section 38(2), Chapter 7, Book IV
of Executive Order No. 292(Administrative Code of 1987), except
that the DOJ shall retain authority over the power to review,
reverse, revise or modify the decisions of the BuCor in the
exercise of its regulatory or quasi-judicial functions.
Slide 155
Organization and Key Positions of the Bureau of Corrections.
(a) The BuCor shall be headed by a Director who shall be assisted
by three (3) Deputy Directors: one (1) for administration, one (1)
for security and operations and one (1) for reformation, all of
whom shall be appointed by the President upon the recommendation of
the Secretary of the DOJ: Provided, That the Director and the
Deputy Directors of the BuCor shall serve a tour of duty not to
exceed six (6) years from the date of appointment: Provided,
further, That in times of war or other national emergency declared
by Congress, the President may extend such tour of duty.
Slide 156
(b) The Head of the BuCor, with the rank of Undersecretary,
shall have the position and title of Director General of
Corrections. The second officers in command of the BuCor, with the
rank of Assistant Secretary, shall have the position and title of
Deputy Directors of Corrections. The third officer in command of
the BuCor, with the rank of Chief Superintendent, shall have the
position and title of Corrections Chief Superintendent. The fourth
officer in command of the BuCor, with the rank of Senior
Superintendent, shall have the position and title of Corrections
Senior Superintendent. The fifth officer in command of the BuCor,
with the rank of Superintendent, shall have the position and title
of Corrections Superintendent.
Slide 157
(c) The Department of Budget and Management (DBM) shall
rationalize the existing organizational structure and staffing
pattern of the BuCor in accordance with the provisions of this Act
and relevant compensation and position classification laws, rules
and regulations.
Slide 158
Increase of Personnel The BuCor shall maintain the custodial
personnel-to-inmate ratio of 1:7 and reformation
personnel-to-inmate ratio of 1:24. Hence, it is authorized to
increase its manpower to meet such ratio and may continue to
increase personnel per percentage rate increase of committed
inmates annually or as the need arises.
Slide 159
Lateral Entry of Officer into the BuCor In general, all
original appointments of officers in the BuCor shall commence with
the rank of Corrections Inspector wherein applicants for lateral
entry into the BuCor shall include all those with highly
specialized and technical qualifications such as, but not limited
to, civil engineers, mechanical engineers, electrical engineers,
chemical engineers, chemists, architects, criminologists, certified
public accountants, nurses, physical therapists, dentists, social
workers, psychologists, sociologists, guidance counselors and
teachers. Doctors of Medicine, members of the Philippine Bar and
chaplains shall be appointed to the rank of Corrections Senior
Inspector in their particular technical service.
Slide 160
(2) Colony Assistant Superintendent Should have the rank of
Chief Inspector, who must have finished at least second year
Bachelor of Laws or earned at least twenty-four (24) units in a
masters degree program in management, public administration, public
safety, criminology, penology, sociology, national security
administration, defense studies or other related disciplines from a
recognized institution of learning, and must have satisfactorily
passed the necessary training or career courses for such position
as may be established by the BuCor;
Slide 161
(4) Regional Superintendent Should have the rank of Senior
Superintendent or Chief Superintendent, who must be a graduate of
Bachelor of Laws or a holder of a masters degree in management,
public administration, public safety, criminology, penology,
sociology, national security administration, defense studies or
other related disciplines from a recognized institution of
learning, and must have satisfactorily passed the necessary
training or career courses for such position as may be established
by the BuCor: Provided, That in prison and penal farms with an
inmate population of three thousand (3,000) but below five thousand
(5,000), the Regional Superintendent shall have the rank and
qualification of a Colony Senior Superintendent: Provided, further,
That in prison and penal farms with an inmate population of over
five thousand (5,000), the Regional Superintendent shall have the
rank and qualification of a Chief Superintendent. Any personnel of
the BuCor who is currently occupying such position but lacks any of
the qualifications mentioned therein shall be given five (5) years
to comply with the requirements; otherwise, the personnel shall be
relieved from the position.
Slide 162
Attrition System for the Personnel of the BuCor There shall be
established a system of attrition for the personnel of the BuCor
within five (5) years from the effectivity of this Act, to be
submitted by the said bureau to the DOJ for approval. Such
attrition system shall include, but is not limited to, the
provision of the following principles: (a) Attrition by Demotion in
Position or Rank Any personnel of the BuCor who is relieved and
assigned to a position lower than what is established for the grade
in the respective staffing pattern, and who shall not be assigned
to a position commensurate to ones grade within two (2) years after
such demotion in position shall be separated or retired from the
service;
Slide 163
(b) Attrition by Non-Promotion Any personnel of the BuCor who
has not been promoted for a continuous period often (10) years
shall be separated or retired from the service, except for those
who are occupying a third level position;
Slide 164
(c) Attrition by Other Means Any personnel of the BuCor with at
least five (5) years of accumulated active service shall be
separated from the service based on any of the following factors:
(1) Inefficiency based on poor performance during the last two (2)
successive semestral rating periods; (2) Inefficiency based on poor
performance for three (3) cumulative semestral rating periods; (3)
Physical and/or mental incapacity to perform ones duties and
functions; or (4) Failure to complete the required career courses
and/or appropriate civil service eligibility for his/her position
except for justifiable cause or reason.
Slide 165
(d) Separation or Retirement from the BuCor under this Section
Any personnel who is dismissed from the BuCor pursuant to the
above-enumerated principles in this section shall be separated if
one has rendered less than twenty (20) years of service, and be
retired if one has rendered at least twenty (20) years of service
unless the concerned personnel is disqualified by law to receive
such benefits.
Slide 166
(b) Requirements for Promotion (1) Any personnel of the BuCor
shall not be eligible for promotion to a higher rank unless one has
met the minimum qualification standards or the appropriate civil
service eligibility set by the CSC, and has satisfactorily passed
the required psychiatric/psychological, drug and physical test; and
(2) Any personnel of the BuCor who has exhibited acts of
conspicuous courage and gallantry at the risk of ones life above
and beyond the call of duty, or selected as such in a nationwide
search conducted by any accredited civic organization, shall be
promoted to the next higher rank: Provided, That these shall be
validated by the DOJ and the CSC based on established
criteria.
Slide 167
CUSTODIAL RANKREFORMATION RANK Corrections Chief Superintendent
Corrections Senior SuperintendentCorrections Technical Senior
Superintendent Corrections SuperintendentCorrections Technical
Superintendent Corrections Chief InspectorCorrections Technical
Chief Inspector Corrections Senior InspectorCorrections Technical
Senior Inspector Corrections InspectorCorrections Technical
Inspector Corrections Senior Officer IVCorrections Technical Senior
Officer IV Corrections Senior Officer IIICorrections Technical
Senior Officer III Corrections Senior Officer IICorrections
Technical Senior Officer II Corrections Senior Officer ICorrections
Technical Senior Officer I Corrections Officer IIICorrections
Technical Officer III Corrections Officer IICorrections Technical
Officer II Corrections Officer ICorrections Technical Officer I
Standardization of the Base Pay and Other Benefits of the Uniformed
Personnel of the BuCor. In order to enhance the general welfare,
commitment to service and professionalism, the following are
considered uniformed personnel of the BuCor:
Slide 168
Previous Board Exam 1. The Iwahig Penal Colony is located at:
a. Palawanc. Davao b. Zamboanga d. None of the above 2.The New
Bilibid Prison was established by virtue of the
RevisedAdministrative Code, specifically section: a. 1807c. 1709 b.
1708d. 1878
Slide 169
Previous Board Exam 3. The prisoners who cannot be trusted in
open condition and maybe allowed to work outside the fence or walls
of the penal institution but under guards or escorts are known as:
a. Medium Security Prisoners c. Maximum Security Prisoners b.
Minimum Security Prisoners d. Super Maximum Security Prisoners 4.
The special group of prisoners composed of incorrigibles and highly
dangerous persons are also known as: a. Maximum Security Prisoners
c. Medium Security Prisoners b. Super maximum security prisoners b.
None of the above 5. Maximum security prisoners are confined in
the: a. NBP Main Buildingc. Camp Bukang Liwayway b. Camp
Sampaguitad. None of the above
Slide 170
Previous Board Exam 6. The procedure in admitting prisoners
which purpose is to insure that the person being committed is the
same as the person being named in the commitment order. a.
Receiving c. checking of commitment papers b. Searchingd.
Identification 7. Use of telephone of inmate in prison after
showing a good behavior is earned after 90 days. In such case an
inmate is entitled to: a. 5 minutesc. 3 minutes b. not exceeding 5
minutesd. not exceeding 3 minutes 8. The only program that is
conducted during the free time schedule is called: a. Religious
servicesc. Recreational programs b. Prison Educationd. All of the
above
Slide 171
Previous Board Exam 9. An inmate can view the remains of his
relative at a distance of ___ from the place of confinement. a. not
less than 30 Kilometers c. 50 Kilometers b. not more than 30
Kilometers d. 40 Kilometers 10. If an inmate is given the
privileged to view the remains of his relative for: a. 4 hours c. 3
hours b. not more than 3 hours d. less than 3 hours
Slide 172
Previous Board Exam 11. They are compose the initial wave of
anti-riot assault contingent whose main objectives shall be to
disperse the rioters and get their leaders and shall be alarmed
with wicker shields, protective headgears, gas masks and night
sticks or batons, when these are available. a. 1 st Groupc. 3 rd
Group b.2 nd Groupd. 4 th Group 12.. They serve as backup force to
support the first group and for this purpose shall be equipped with
tear gas, guns and grenades. a. 1 st Groupc. 3 rd Group b.2 nd
Groupd. 4 th Group 13. They are composed of guards trained on
proper handling and use of firearms who shall be ready to fire when
the lives of the guards are in peril on orders of the
Officer-in-Command. a. 1 st Groupc. 3 rd Group b.2 nd Groupd. 4 th
Group
Slide 173
Previous Board Exam 14. Which of the following is a place for
the confinement of minimum security prisoner? A. Camp SampaguitaC.
Quarantine Unit B. RDCD. AFP Stockade 15. The required ratio in the
routinary custody of inmate in Jail is: A. 1:5C. 1:7 B. 1:6D. 1:8
16. A procedure that is conducted in jail and in prison where an
inmate upon arrival at the place of confinement will be stripped
out for search of contrabands. A. Operation thunderbolt.C.
Operation Bakal. B. Operation Greyhound.D. Operation
Shakedown.