French and Indian War 1750s British and French claim the Ohio
River Valley Albany Plan of Union War breaks out in 1754 Spreads to
Europe by 1756 British capture Quebec in 1759 Treaty of Paris, 1763
France loses most of its colonial empire in North America
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Proclamation Line of 1763 British trying to maintain peace with
the Indians. Pontiacs Rebellion
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Issue of Taxation Enlightenment Thinkers John Locke social
contract William Blackstone Rights of the individual Samuel Adams
and others argue that the British government should not tax the
colonists without their consent.
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Colonial Reaction to the Stamp Act Boycotted British goods
Attacked British officials Resolutions against the Stamp Act in
colonial legislatures Stamp Act Congress British repeal the Stamp
Act. Townshend Acts introduced Sam Adams and others form the Sons
of Liberty
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Boston Massacre
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Committee of Correspondence Formed in 1772 by Sam Adams with
James Warren and his wife Mercy Otis Warren. Mercy Otis Warren
wrote satires against the British.
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BOSTON TEA PARTY
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Decided to continue protesting British Taxes Met in
Philadelphia Each colony should form a militia
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Lexington and Concord, April 1775- British soldiers and
Minutemen clash
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Appoint George Washington as Commander of the Continental Army
Second Continental Congress
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Thomas Paines Common Sense Pamphlet published early in 1776
America should not be governed by a small, distant island.
Colonists derived no benefit from British rule Many patriots began
to demand independence
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Declaration of Independence Second Continental Congress Richard
Henry Lee proposed Committee: Thomas Jefferson Ben Franklin John
Adams Roger Sherman Robert Livingston
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Declaration of Independence Issued on July 4, 1776 Explained
the reasons the colonists sought independence Jefferson used Lockes
ideas that governments purpose is to protect citizens unalienable
rights Grievances against the King
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Battle of Long Island
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Battle of Trenton
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Battle of Saratoga
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Valley Forge
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Bernardo de Galvez Commanded Spanish troops in Louisiana.
Shipped supplies to the Americans Defeated British troops in
Florida
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Haym Solomon Jewish merchant and banker-emigrated from Poland
Financed the Continental Army Loaned money to the U.S.
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James Armistead African-American slave who acted as a spy Posed
as an escaped slave which allowed him to travel freely between
armies Reported back to Lafayette
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John Paul Jones Americas first naval hero Bonhomme Richard Ive
not yet begun to fight!