FASCISM IN
ITALY By:
Keeley Coleman, Alexis Brown,Kyle Chapman, Jenna Verrone, Andrew Patrick and Megan Hill
3rd period 12/1/10
CHARACTERISTICS OF FASCISM
Militant political movement that emphasized loyalty to state and obedience to leader
No clear defined theory or program
Extreme form of nationalism
Nations must struggle, peaceful states would be conquered
Authoritarian leader guided and brought order to state
CHARACTERISTICS OF FASCISM
Had certain color uniforms, special salutes, held mass rallies
Denied individual rights Nationalists Believed each class in
society had a place and function
Fascists included: aristocrats and industrialists, war vets, low middle class
BENITO MUSSOLINI: HIS POWER AND BELIEFS.
Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini a newspaper editor and politican promised to rescue Italy.
He vowed to give Italy strong leadership.
Mussolini founded the Fascist Party in 1919.
His popularity increased as economic conditions worsened.
Mussolini finally critized Italy’s government.
BENITO MUSSOLINI: HIS POWER AND BELIEFS CONTINUED… Fascist groups wearing
black shirts attacked communists and socialists on the streets.
Mussolini began to win support from the middle class, because he played the fear of workers revolt.
30,000 Fascists marched in Rome and demanded that King Victor Emmanuel III put Mussolini in charge of government.
Mussolini took power “legally”.
Mussolini was now II Duce or the leader.
BENITO MUSSOLINI: HIS POWER AND BELIEF CONTINUED…… Mussolini abolished
democracy. He outlawed all
political parties except the Fascists.
Secret police jailed his opponents.
Government censors forced radio stations to broadcast only Fascist doctrines.
Mussolini sought to control the economy
BENITO MUSSOLINI: STRATEGIES AND THE BLACK SHIRTS
Mussolini came to power by promising to revive the economy and build the nation’s armed forces
Once in power he created the secret police and restricted the people in almost all areas.
The secret police were know as “the Black Shirts.”
They were recruited at an early age, of only boys.
Boys ages 4-8 in the Black shirts were known as the Sons of the She wolf
8-14, they were the Balilla and at 14-18 they were the Avanguardista. Mussolini was cruel in his strategies
and had the nation’s population and power in mind, not the people.
LIFE IN FASCIST ITALY All Italians had to obey all of
Mussolini’s orders People had little control over
society Those who opposed the state
were brutally punished Secret Police were strict and
carried out all of Mussolini’s wishes
Education was important and the boys were taught to become part of the secret police at an early age
Personal life was very restricted
Women’s only role was to get married and have as many children as possible
FASCISM AGGRESSION AND WWI Fascist believed
that nations must struggle.
peaceful nations were doomed to be conquered.
Things that led to fascism in Italy:
Fascism’s rise in Italy was fueled by the disappointment over failing to gain big territory at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference.
Rising inflation and unemployment
FASCISM AGGRESSION AND WWII CONTINUED…… Their democratic
government seemed unable to solve country’s problems.
DEATH OF MUSSOLINI In 1940–41
Mussolini's armies, badly supplied and poorly led, suffered defeats from Europe across the Mediterranean to the African continent.
Italy lost its war in 1942; Mussolini's power collapsed six months later.
Restored as Hitler's puppet in northern Italy in 1943, he drove Italy deeper into invasion, occupation, and civil war during 1944 and 1945.
The end approached, Mussolini struggled to survive.
Executed by a firing squad, April 28, 1945, Dongo in Como province.
Mussolini (Italy) became allies w/ Hitler
Did not do good in war
Got rid of Mussolini
Withdrew from alliance w/ Germany
Signed armistice w/ allies
Italy’s role in WWII
Italy’s role in WWII continued
Germany seized control of Italy and took supplies
Allies slowly pushed Germany out of Italy in Italian campaign.
Viewed as a weak countryDue to poor
equipment and ineffective political leadership
Impact of WWII on Italy
Nearly four million Italians served in the Italian Army during the Second World War and nearly half a million Italians (including civilians) died between June 1940 and May 1945..
Nearly 60,000 Italian POWs died in Nazi labour camps, while nearly 20,000 perished in Allied Prisoner of War.
Impact of WWII on Italy continued
Italy was required to pay $360,000,000, shared chiefly between Greece, Yugoslavia, and the Soviet Union
Italy lost all of their colonies
Industry and infrastructure had to be rebuilt over years.
Completely rid Italy of ideas of becoming a major power.
The country was impoverished.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. Personal Life was…
A. FreeB. RestrictedC. Private
2. Fascism…A. Denied individual rightsB. Respected individual rightsC. All rights were equal
3. What was Benito’s full name ? A. Benito Massalini B. Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini C. Benito Care
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 1.
ANSWERS Multiple choice:1. B. Restricted 2. A. Denied individual rights3. B. Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini
Short answer:
Top Related