The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Experience from the implementation of
three TCPs on genetic improvement
Hans Gerhard Wagner
Senior Animal Production and Health Officer
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Why genetic improvement programmes
• Increasing demand of products of animal origin;• Demand met by increased number of animals
and not so much by increased productivity;• Better use of finite of resources land and fodder;• AI service with no bulls of genetic quality.• Reduce greenhouse gas emission per unit of
ouput;• Increased profitability for the farmer
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Genetic improvement programmes in APHCA countries
• Mongolia – TCP/MON/3104– Modernizing and upgrading the national animal
breeding programme• Myanmar - TCP/MYN/3201
– Dairy cattle improvement • Nepal – TCP/NEP/ 3105
– Dairy cattle improvement • Sri Lanka – under approval
– Dairy cattle and buffalo improvement
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
What is the purpose of the PPRS• Proper choice of breeds
• Genetic improvement within breeds
• Bulls for the AI service
• Monitor genetic progress
• Provide quality data for policy maker and extension service
• Assist farmer in their selection and management
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Main Components of the TCPs• Establishment of a Pedigree and
Performance Recording Scheme (PPRS)
• Milk analysis
• Central data base
• Genetic analysis for bull dam selection
• Strengthening of AI scheme
• Update of national breeding programme
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
• The scheme is combining – Importation of genetic progress– Selection withing the breeds in recorded pop.– Quick transfer of progress from recorded to
non recorded pop. by AI – Monitoring the results in order to find out
quickly whether the imported genetic progress is fully showing up (importance of PPRS)
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Breeding programme schematic first two years
Total population
Total population
Recorded Population
2500
Top go AI CenterTop go AI CenterAI top imported semen
AI imported semen
Bulls for Natural service
50
Non recorded population
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Animal population under recording
Total number of animals Last recording Estimated number of cows
Mongolia 5 900 2 863 3 100
Myanmar 3 618 1 144 1 300
Nepal 3 557 1 623 1 845
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Milk yield in kg100 day 150 day 180 day 300 day
MongoliaYieldSt. DeviationN. of animals
771.57356.32
806
1181.19517.05
706
1473.50640.28
468
2185.83704.44
196
MyanmarYield St. DeviationN. of animals
948.90345.15
633
1420.29510.08
603
1689.86600.53
504
2530.31888.10
223
NepalYield St. DeviationN. of animals
1164.78421.89
377
1652.11624.47
324
1925.10692.45
242
2793.121048.41
79
Please note absolute figures do not take into consideration breed, feeding and management
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Valuable solids100 150 180 300
MongoliaFat %Protein %Valuable solids
3.153.48
54.20
3.663.47
84.20
3.763.45
106.01
4.123.47
164.66
MyanmarFat %Protein %Valuable solids
4.213.34
71.30
4.293.35
107.87
4.363.36
129.58
4.523.38
197.78
NepalFat t%Protein %Valuable solids
4.133.36
87.15
4.263.35
125.62
4.313.36
147.13
4.483.37
215.76
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Experiences during implementation • Field recording
• Milk analysis
• Data management
• AI service
• Costs
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Field recording • Selection of recorders• Remuneration of recorders • Completeness and regularity of the data
– No Matings/AI = no paternity of the calf and no link to possible progenity testing
– No birth record no begin of lactation no progeny testing possible!
– Jumping recording may make a lactation not analyzable
• Sample transport to the milk analyis• Data transfer to the data management centre
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Milk analysis
• Central oder decentralized
• Payment
• Quality of the samples
• Servicing/calibrating the lactoscans
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Data managment • Who does the data entry?
• Timely data entry
• Preprinting of the lists
• Feed back to farmers
• Error check and corrections
• Genetic analysis
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
AI service • Key to success !!!!• Organization of the field service• Training of farmers and technicians• Lack of liquid nitrogen
• NO AI NO JUSTIFICATION for GENETIC IMPROVEMENT
• Costs
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Cost of recording without staff costs at the Data Management Centre
Mongolia Myanmar Nepal
Cost of recording per cow* US$ 6 US$ 4 US$ 9.6
2500 cows under recording US$ 15000 US$ 10000 US$ 24000
Eartags 2000 x US$ 0.5 US$ 1000 US$ 1000 US$ 1000
Consumables paper, stabilizer, printer US$ 2000 US$ 2000 US$ 2000
Depreciation of equipmentLactocscan computer US$ 5000 US$ 5000 US$ 5000
Cost per year US$ 23000 US$ 18000 US$ 32000
Cost per year per cow US$ 9.2 US$ 7.2 US$ 12.8
*Based on actual figuresFor example German Euro 20 - 30 per cow /year. 75% personnel costs
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Assumptions
1 Cows Number 100,000
Percentage of cows served by AI Number 30
Number of cows under AI Number 30,000
Number of cows for natural mating Number 70,000
Number of cows served by one bull Number 50
2 Semen doses per pregnancy Number 3.00
3 Cows under performance recording Number 2,500
4 Cost performance recording per cow per year US$ 10
5 Number of semen doses produced per bull per year Number 7,500
6 Years a bull is being used Number 2
7 Planned matings to get one test bull calf Number 5
8 Cost per liter of milk US$ 0.35
9 Cost per doses of semen imported US$ 8.00
10 Cost of raising young bull per testing period US$ 1.00
11 Selection intensity 1:x Number 5
12 Cost of young bull calve US$ 500.00
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Requirements
Total Number of semen doses required Number 90,000
Total Number of bulls for natural mating 1,400
Annual replacement required 500
Number of semen doses to be purchased for AI bull Number 450
Number of semen doses to be purchased for NS 10,500
Total Number of bulls required at the AI center Number 12
Number of bulls required for replacement at AI centre 6.00
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Costs
Total cost of performance recording US$ 25,000.00
Cost of semen for Ai bull US$ 3,600.00
Cost of semen for production of NS bulls at 20% 16,800.00
Cost for young bulls, purchase, raising, performance testing for growth and conformation US$ 15,030.00
Total cost of scheme US$ 60,430.00
Cost per cow under AI US$ 2.01
Cost per cow under AI in l. milk Liters 6
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Public and private good• What can be considered private good and
expected to be paid by the farmers• What incentives can be provided to the farmers
– Reduced AI cost– Premium for raising females– Good prices for bulls and heifers with pedigree
• What can be considered public good to be supported by the Government
• Important role of the AI service
The 33rd APHCA Sessionand Workshop on Animal Productivity Enhancement in APHCA Countries
Breed improvement scheme model calculation
Conclusion
– Projects now well on the way end in December 2009
– Extension up to July 2010 – 2 full lactations
• Major worry– Will countries have the political commitment
and make the financial resources to continue after projects end.
Top Related