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  • 3/10/2015 EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting|Kitces.com

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 1/24

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    Home / Taxes /EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting

    Evaluating The Tax Deferral And Tax Bracket Arbitrage Benefits Of TaxLoss Harvesting

    PostedbyMichaelKitcesonWednesday,December3rd,7:01am,2014inTaxes

    Twitter 36 Facebook 10 Google LinkedIn 9 Print/PDF Email

    Taxlossharvestingisapopulartaxplanningstrategy,especiallyastheendoftheyearapproaches

    andinvestorsconsidertheirpotentialcapitalgainsexposure.Yetformanyinvestors,thebenefitof

    taxlossharvestingisoverestimated,asharvestingalossgeneratescurrenttaxsavings,butalso

    reducesthecostbasisoftheinvestment,triggeringapotentialgaininthefuturethatmayoffset

    mostorallofthelossharvestingbenefit!

    Nonetheless,evenifaharvestedlosscreatesafuturegain,thereisstillanopportunityfortax

    deferralinthemeantime,whichcancreateamodestbutnontrivialeconomicbenefitfortaxloss

    harvesting.Thebenefitsarefurtheramplifiedsometimesgreatlysoifthereisapotentialthat

    gainsinthefuturewillbetaxedatalowerratethanlossesharvestedtoday,withthecaveatthat

    ifbracketsgotheotherdirection,taxlossharvestingnotonlylosesitspositivevaluebutcan

    actuallybewealthdestructive!

    Totheextentthattaxbracketschangesareanticipatedfavorable,thoughoratleast,thatrates

    willholdsteadysomebenefittotaxlossharvestingremains,andcanbemaximizedwith

    portfoliosthatholdawiderangeofdiversifiedpositions(creatingmorelossharvesting

    opportunities),haveongoingcontributions(againcreatingmorelossharvestingopportunities),and

    arecheckedfrequentlyforlossestoharvest(asonlytryingtoharvestlossesinDecembercanmiss

    outonevengreaterintrayearlossharvestingopportunities!).Andforthosewhoarenotatrisk

    foradversetaxbracketchanges,thetaxlossharvestingopportunityisespeciallyappealingin

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  • 3/10/2015 EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting|Kitces.com

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 2/24

    foradversetaxbracketchanges,thetaxlossharvestingopportunityisespeciallyappealingin

    todaysenvironment,withtransactioncosts(includingtradingfeesandbid/askspreads)aslowas

    they'veeverbeen,andmoreopportunitiesthanevertoowninvestmentalternativesthat

    minimizetrackingerrorwhilenavigatingthewashsalerules!

    The History Of Tax Loss Harvesting

    SincetheFederalgovernmenttaxesanincreaseinthevalueofinvestmentpropertyasacapital

    gain,itsonlyfairthatinvestorsbepermittedtoreducetheirincomefortaxpurposesbythe

    amountofanylossesthataregenerated.Infact,beyondallowingcapitallossestooffsetcapital

    gains,thetaxcodealsoallowsindividualstomanagetheburdenoftaxationbyallowinganygains

    oninvestmentpropertytoremaintaxdeferreduntiltheinvestmentisactuallysold(whichcauses

    thegainstoberecognizedfortaxpurposes).

    Yetthefactthatcapitallossescanbedeductedfortaxpurposestogeneratecurrenttaxsavings,

    whilecapitalgainscanbedeferredbysimplynotsellingtheinvestmenttorecognizethegain,

    createsthepotentialthatinvestorswilltakeadvantageofthetaxcodebytryingtoproactively

    recognizelossesnowfortaxsavingsbutpushgainsintothefuture.Andinthefirstdecadeofthe

    taxcode,thatsexactlywhathappenedinfact,someinvestorsweresoaggressiveaboutit,they

    wouldsimplysellinvestmentsthathadlossesandpurchasethembackagainimmediately,

    harvestingthelossfortaxpurposestogeneratecurrenttaxsavings,butwithouteven

    substantivelychangingtheiroriginalinvestment!

    Tolimitthiskindofabuse,CongressenactedIRCSection1091asapartoftheRevenueActof

    1921,whichdeclaredthatiftheinvestorsoldaninvestmentforataxlossbutpurchaseda

    substantiallyidenticalsecuritythatthelosswouldbedisallowedfortaxpurposes.Increatingthese

    washsalerules(whichhavebeeniterateduponoverthedecadestocrackdownonfurther

    abuses),though,Congressalsoindirectlyblessedandenshrinedintolawthestrategyoftaxloss

    harvestingtogeneratecurrenttaxsavingsaslongastherequisite30dayruleisnavigated.

    Tax Loss Harvesting And The Problem With Annual Tax Alpha

    Sincetheessenceoftaxlossharvestingistocreateadeductiblelossfortaxpurposestogenerate

    currenttaxsavings,theeasiestwaytomeasurethebenefitsofthestrategyissimplytomeasure

    howmuchintaxesisactuallysavedrelativetotheinvestment.

    Forinstance,ifaninvestmentwasoriginallypurchasedfor$20,000butisnowdownto$14,000

    (abig30%decline),thenharvestingthelossgeneratesa$6,000capitalloss,whichinturn

    (assumingtherearecapitalgainstooffsetitagainst)willproducea$900taxsavingsata15%

    longtermcapitalgainstaxrate.Relativetoaninvestmentvalueof$14,000,thismeans

    harvestingthecapitallossgeneratedawhoppingtaxalphaof$900/$14,000=6.4%.

    However,therealityisthatharvestingthelossdidnotreallyincreasetheinvestorswealthby

    $900oftaxsavingsinthelongrun.Thereasonisthatwhiletheharvestedlossdidgenerate$900

    ofcurrenttaxsavings,theactofharvestingthelossalsoreducesthecostbasisoftheinvestment.

    Bysellingtheinvestmentat$14,000toharvestthecapitallossandthenreinvestingthe$14,000

    http://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/washsalerule.asphttp://www.jstor.org/stable/1801769?seq=1http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/26/1091

  • 3/10/2015 EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting|Kitces.com

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 3/24

    Bysellingtheinvestmentat$14,000toharvestthecapitallossandthenreinvestingthe$14,000

    ofproceeds,thenewcostbasisgoingforwardwillbe$14,000.Whichmeansif/whenthe

    investmenteventuallyrecoversbacktoitsoriginal$20,000,theinvestorwillfaceafuture

    recoverygainof$6,000,andanegativetaxalphaintheyearofliquidation!Infact,ifthat

    capitalgaininturnresultsina$900taxbill(assumingthesame15%longtermcapitalgainstax

    rate),thenetvalueofthetransactionisactuallytheexactsameaswouldhaveoccurredifloss

    wasneverharvestedinthefirstplace!

    Thecaveat,though,isthatthetrueeconomicvalueoftaxlossharvestingisnotquiteaperfect

    zero,eventhoughthefuturegaincreatedbyharvestingthelosswilloffsetthetaxsavings

    generatedbytheloss.Thereasonwhythereisstillabenefittotaxlossharvestingisthattheloss

    iscreatednowproducingadditionaldollarstoinvestwhiletherecoverygainwillnotcreatea

    taxableeventuntilsomepointinthefuture.Inthemeantime,theinvestorhastheopportunityto

    use,invest,andgrowthat$900.Inotherwords,whiletaxlossharvestingdoesntnecessarily

    produceanynettaxsavings,itistheequivalentofgettinganinterestfreeloanfromtheFederal

    governmenttousefora(potentiallylong)periodoftaxdeferral.

    Measuring The Economic Value Of Tax Deferral

    Sogiventhattaxlossharvestingisreallyabouttaxdeferral,andnotoutrighttaxsavings,howcan

    wemeasuretheeconomicvalueoftaxdeferral?

    Atthemostbasiclevel,thebenefitoftaxdeferralissimplythevalueofthegrowththatcanbe

    generatedonthattemporaryloanfromtheFederalgovernment,untilitmustbereturned.For

    instance,continuingtheearlierexample,ifthe$900oftaxsavingscanbeinvestedforanaverage

    returnof8%,thenthetruevalueofthetaxdeferralis$72worthofgrowth.Ona$14,000

    investment,thisequatestoatruetaxbenefitof0.51%after1year(andifwerecognizethatthe

    $72ofgrowthwillitselfbesubjecttoa15%taxrate,thenetbenefitis0.44%).

  • 3/10/2015 EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting|Kitces.com

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 4/24

    Ofcourse,thecaveattothisexampleisthataslongastheinvestmentcontinuestobeheld,the

    economicvalueoftaxdeferralcontinuestogrow,andtocompound.Inotherwords,itsnotjust

    thatthevalueofharvestingthelossis$72worthofgrowth,butthatits$72ofgrowth,

    compoundingovertime,untilitisultimatelysold!Accordingly,thechartbelowshowsthe(net

    aftertax)amountofadditionaldollarscreatedovertimebyharvestingthe$6,000loss.

    Thus,thebenefitoftaxlossharvestingovertimeiseffectivelyatailwindofadditionaleconomic

    growthgeneratedasaresultofinvestingthetaxsavingsfromtheoriginalharvestingtransaction.

    Accordingly,wecancalculatethetrueeconomicbenefitoftaxlossharvestingovertimeby

    comparingtheamountofwealthcreatedbyharvestingtheloss,comparingittothewealththat

    wouldhaveexistedwithoutharvestingtheloss,andcomparingtheinternalrateofreturnbetween

    thetwothedifferencerepresentstheexcessreturnequivalentcreatedbythetaxloss

    harvestingtransaction.Notably,inthelongrun,theexcesswealthindollarscontinuesto

  • 3/10/2015 EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting|Kitces.com

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 5/24

    harvestingtransaction.Notably,inthelongrun,theexcesswealthindollarscontinuesto

    compoundupwards,buttheexcessreturnrelativetothereturnsthemselvesbeginstoflattenand

    providediminishingreturnsoncetheinvestmentrecoversaboveitsoriginalcostbasis.

    Astheresultsshow,whilethebenefitoftaxlossharvestingispositive,itisnothugeandisfar

    smallerthantaxalpha(calculatedbasedonsingleyeartaxsavingsalone)implieswitha30%

    declinefollowedby7%growth,theeconomicvalueoftaxlossharvestingrisesashighasalmost

    0.30%/yearofadditionalannualizedreturnequivalentat15%taxrates(or0.42%at23.8%top

    capitalgainsrates),fallingjustbelow0.20%and0.30%(respectively)inthelongrun.Asthe

    resultsshow,thebenefitsaregreateriftaxratesarehigherastherearemorelossestobe

    harvestedforaneconomicbenefitinthefirstplace!Similar,thebenefitsaregreaterifthemarket

    declineislarger,producingmorelossestoharvestandmoretaxsavingsgeneratedinthefirst

    placeandthebenefitsarealsogreaterifsubsequentreturnsarehigher(allowingmore

    compoundingonthetaxsavings).Conversely,withsmallermarketdeclines,lowertaxrates,and

    lowerreturns,thebenefitoftaxlossharvestingisdiminished.

    Giventhissomewhatmodestbenefit,itsimportanttoweighthebenefitoftaxlossharvesting

    againsttherisks,whichincludetransactionfeesthatmayerodeitsvalue,alongwiththeriskof

    trackingerror(thatthealternativesecurityheldtoavoidthewashsalerulesdoesnotperform

    consistentwiththeoriginalinvestment).Ontheotherhand,though,astransactioncostscontinue

    todeclinetowardszero(withtighterbid/askspreadsandlowtradingfees),andtheriskof

    trackingerrorisoftendiminished(aswithtodaysETFs,itseasiertoholdanotsubstantially

    identicalsecuritytoavoidawashsalewhilestillmaintainingarelativelyhighcorrelationtothe

    originalinvestment),eventhesebenefitsfortaxlossharvestingmakeitsufficienttoconsider

    pursuingsystematicallyovertime.

    How Tax Bracket Arbitrage Changes The Benefit Of Tax-Loss Harvesting(For Better Or For Worse)

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/is-capital-loss-harvesting-overvalued/https://www.kitces.com/blog/harvesting-losses-or-harvesting-gains-planning-around-four-long-term-capital-gains-tax-rates/

  • 3/10/2015 EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting|Kitces.com

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 6/24

    Inalloftheaboveexamples,thebenefitoftaxlossharvestingwasmeasuredassumingtaxrates

    staythesameatthetimethelossisharvested,andwhenthesubsequentrecoverygainis

    recognized(whetherat15%or23.8%).However,therealityisthatsometimes,thetaxrateswill

    differ,creatingataxbracketarbitrageopportunityforadditionaltaxlossharvestingbenefits.

    Forinstance,assumeinsteadthattheinvestorisatpeakwagesrightnow,boostingoverall

    incometothetoptaxbracketsandthecapitalgainsrateto23.8%,butanticipatesretiringsoon

    andthattheassociatedcapitalgainsratewillfalltoonly15%fromthatpointforward.Inthis

    context,theeconomicvalueofharvestingthelossisnotmerelytheopportunitytoinvestthetax

    savingsuntilitmustberepaidfromtherecoverygainwealthcanalsobecreatedsimplybythe

    differencebetweenthecurrentandfuturetaxrates.

    Continuingtheearlierexamples,thismeansthatwitha$6,000loss,thetaxsavingsat23.8%

    wouldbe$1,428,whilethesubsequent$6,000recoverygainwouldonlybetaxedata15%rate

    for$900ofsubsequenttaxes.Asaresult,harvestingthetaxlossnow(at23.8%)andrepayingit

    inthefuture(at15%)creates$1,428$900=$528offreewealth,simplybyeffectively

    timingthetaxrates!

    Whenaddedontopofthepuretaxdeferralbenefits,theopportunityfortaxbracketarbitrage

    createssignificantadditionalwealthopportunitiesovertime.Thechartbelowshowsacomparison

    ofthetaxlossharvestingbenefits(intermsofexcessreturnequivalentmeasuredbythe

    differenceininternalratesofreturnbetweenwealthwithandwithouttaxlossharvesting)

    dependingonwhethertaxratesareaconstant15%,aconstant23.8%,orahigher23.8%now

    andalower15%inthefuture.Astheresultsshow,theadditionalwealthpotentialbytaxbracket

    arbitragecanbesignificantlylargerthanthetaxdeferralbenefits(thoughultimatelytaxbracket

    arbitragebenefitsdiminish,asthebenefitisstretchedoutovertime).

  • 3/10/2015 EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting|Kitces.com

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 7/24

    Anespeciallyfavorableversionofthecomparisonemergesifthereisanopportunityforthe

    investortoharvestalossatordinaryincomerates(e.g.,byapplyingitagainstordinaryincometo

    theextentofthe$3,000limit,orbyharvestingashorttermlossandhavingshorttermgainsto

    offsetitagainst)insuchscenarios,thetaxbracketarbitrageissignificant,withaspreadof43.4%

    vs23.8%atthetoptaxrates!

    Ontheotherhand,itsworthnotingthattaxlossharvestingcanalsofaceadversetaxbracket

    changesaswell.Forinstance,aninvestorharvestingat15%capitalgainsratesmightactually

    harvestsomuchinlossesthatthefuturerecoverygainactuallydrivesthefuturetaxbrackets

    higher!Forinstance,arelativelyaffluentinvestormightharvest$50,000/yearfor10yearsat

    15%rates,butdoingsobringsdownthecostbasisoftheportfoliobyacumulative$500,000,

    whichmeansthesubsequentrecoverygainmaybelargeenoughtodrivethatinvestorintothe

    top23.8%taxbracket.Suchnegativetaxarbitragescenariosareariskoftaxlossharvesting(if

    notplannedfor)andcanbewealthdestructive,oratleastrequiresignificanttimeforthebenefits

    oftaxdeferraltoovercometheadversechangeintaxbrackets.Infact,insituationswherefuture

    gainsmaybetoolarge,theoptimalapproachisactuallynottoharvestthelosses,buttoharvest

    thegainsinsteadsimilarly,forlowerincomeindividualseligiblefor0%longtermcapitalgains

    rates,itsbettertoharvestgainsforafreestepupinbasis,ratherthanharvestinglosses!

    Acomparisonofthesescenariosincluding23.8%statictaxrates,harvestingat23.8%but

    liquidatingat15%,harvestingattopordinaryincomerates(43.4%)andliquidatingattoplong

    termcapitalgainsrates(23.8%),andanexampleofanegativetaxarbitragescenarioof

    harvestingat15%butliquidatingat23.8%,areshownbelow.Astheresultsrevealoverall,the

    benefitsorpotentialadverseconsequencesoftaxlossharvestingwhentaxbracketschange

    canbefarmoreimpactfulthantheunderlyingbenefitoftaxdeferralitself!

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/is-capital-loss-harvesting-overvalued/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/062713/capital-losses-and-tax.asphttps://www.kitces.com/blog/understanding-the-mechanics-of-the-0-long-term-capital-gains-tax-rate-how-to-harvest-capital-gains-for-a-free-step-up-in-basis/https://www.kitces.com/blog/harvesting-losses-or-harvesting-gains-planning-around-four-long-term-capital-gains-tax-rates/

  • 3/10/2015 EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting|Kitces.com

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 8/24

    Itsalsoimportanttonotethatanespeciallyextremetaxbracketarbitrageopportunityis

    availableforthosewhoultimatelyplantoeitherdiewiththeinvestmentordonateittheformer

    allowsforastepupinbasisthatimplicitlythefuturetaxrate0%,andsimilarlythelatteralso

    avoidsanyfuturetaxationontherecoverygainthroughtherulesforcharitabledeductions.Tothe

    extentthatthefuturetaxbracketis0%,theassociatedtaxbracketarbitragewillmaketheloss

    harvestingoutcomebeevenmorefavorable!

    Daily Checking, Diversification, And Other Factors That Impact TheBenefits Of Tax-Loss Harvesting

    Thusfar,wehavelookedattaxlossharvestinginwhatisarguablyoneofthemostfavorable

    possiblescenariosadramatic30%loss(a2standarddeviationevent!)occursimmediately,in

    thefirstyear,creatingasignificantlongtermtaxlossharvestingopportunity,withallthe

    associatedbenefitsofcompoundinggrowthontaxdeferralandthepotentialfortaxbracket

    arbitrage.However,inmany(orevenmost?)cases,investmentsdontimmediatelygodownright

    afterpurchasingthem.Andinfact,ifaninvestmentrisesenoughintheearlyyears,itmaybeso

    faraheadthatevenwithasubsequentmarketdecline,therewillbenoloss,astheinvestment

    mayalreadybesofaraheadtherethedeclinedoesntactuallytriggeralossbelowcostbasis!

  • 3/10/2015 EvaluatingTheTaxDeferralAndTaxBracketArbitrageBenefitsOfTaxLossHarvesting|Kitces.com

    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 9/24

    Totheextentthatavailablelossestoharvestinpracticearelowerthantheexamplesshown

    previously,thelikelybenefitoftaxlossharvestingformostinvestorswillbesmallerinpractice,all

    elsebeingequal.

    Ontheotherhand,therealityisthatmostinvestorsdonthold100%oftheirportfolioinasingle

    fundorinvestment.Instead,investorsownmultipleinvestmentsinaportfolio,whichmeanseven

    ifsomeinvestmentsgoup(possiblyenoughthattherewillneverbelossestoharvestbecausethe

    investmentwillneveragainfallbelowcostbasis),otherinvestmentsthatarenotperfectly

    correlatedmightstilldeclinebelowcostbasis,creatingalossharvestingopportunity.Broadly

    speaking,thismeansthatthemorediversifiedaportfoliois,andthemoregranularthepositions

    are(intheextreme,holdingeachofthe500stocksintheS&P500,ratherthananS&P500ETF),

    themoreopportunitiestherewillbetodoatleastsometaxlossharvesting.Similarly,ongoing

    contributionsintotheportfolioovertimecreatethepotentialthatevenifsomeinvestmentsnever

    havealossharvestingopportunity(e.g.,theyareinvestedrightbeforemarketsrisesignificantly),

    otherinvestmentsintothemarketmaybelesswelltimedandexperienceearlydeclinesthat

    createlossharvestingopportunities.

    Similarly,itsnotablethatwhilemanyadvisorsandinvestorshavehistoricallyimplementedtax

    lossharvestingonanannualbasis(e.g.,inthemonthofDecember),tryingtoharvestmore

    regularlythroughouttheyearcreatesmoreopportunitiestoactuallyharvestatthepointof

    maximalloss.Forinstance,in2011theS&P500wasdownmorethan10%inthemiddleofthe

    year,butfinishedup2%annualtaxlossharvestingwouldhavefoundnolossestoharvest,but

    tryingtoharvestmorefrequentlywouldhavegeneratedsometaxlossharvestingbenefits.While

    thereissomedebateaboutexactlyhowmuchadditionallossharvestingopportunitiesarecreated

    bycheckingforlossesmorefrequently(somecontendthevalueissignificant,whileothers

    suggestitsafairlymodestincrementalbenefit),thereisclearlyatleastsomeimprovementin

    practicaltaxlossharvestingefficiencybyseekingoutlossestoharvestmoreoftenthanjustoncea

    year.However,investorsshouldbecautiousaboutbeingtooaggressiveinfrequentloss

    harvesting,asitisstillpossibletoharvesttoofrequentlyiftheincrementallossestoharvestare

    toosmall,theymaybeoverwhelmedbywhatwilllikelystillbesometransactioncostsandbid/ask

    http://www.advisorperspectives.com/newsletters14/32-taxharvest2.phphttps://www.wealthfront.com/whitepapers/tax-loss-harvesting#14-comparison_of_daily_vs_one_time_i_e_end_of_year_tax_loss_harvestinghttps://www.kitces.com/blog/indexing-2-0-how-declining-transaction-costs-and-robo-indexing-could-disintermediate-index-mutual-funds-and-etfs/

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    https://www.kitces.com/blog/evaluatingthetaxdeferralandtaxbracketarbitragebenefitsoftaxlossharvesting/ 10/24

    spreadstocontendwith,andwhiletrackingerrorcanbereducedwithtodaysinvestmentvehicles,

    itsnotzeroandshouldntbeignoredeither.

    Ofcourse,perhapsthegreatestcaveattotaxlossharvesting,though,issimplythatnoneofthese

    moregranularlossharvestingopportunities,ortheabilitytocheckregularlyforlossestoharvest,

    willmatteriftherearenocapitalgainstooffsetwiththoselossesinthefirstplace!Underthe

    InternalRevenueCode,iftherearenocapitalgainstomatchagainstthelosses,thenupto

    $3,000oflossescanbeappliedagainstordinaryincome,buttheremaindermustsimplybecarried

    forwardforfutureuse,generatingnotaxdeferralsavings,noopportunityforcompounding

    growth,andnopotentialfortaxbracketarbitrageatall!Infact,formanyinvestors,harvesting

    losseswhentherearenogainstooffsetsimplycreatescarryforwardlossesthatjustgetusedin

    thefuturetooffsetthegainscreatedbyharvestingthelossinthefirstplace,whichproducesno

    economicbenefitstoharvestingthelossatall!

    Thebottomline,though,issimplythis:taxlossharvestingdoeshavesomeeconomicbenefitover

    time,althoughitsdrivennotbytheoutrightsavings(typicallymeasuredbytaxalpha),but

    insteadbytheeconomicvalueoftaxdeferral,whichleadstomodestbutnontrivialeconomic

    benefitsovertime.Forthosewhomayexperiencetaxbracketchanges,thebenefitscanbe

    significantamplifiedforbetterorworseandinfact,theimpactoftaxbracketarbitragecanbe

    manytimesmoresignificantthantheunderlyingbenefitsoftaxdeferralitself.Asaresult,its

    crucialtofocusnotjustonthetaxdeferralvalueoflossharvesting,butalsothepotentialtax

    bracketimpactsandtotheextentanyanticipatedtaxbracketchangesarefavorable,andthere

    aregainstooffsetwiththelossesinthefirstplace,harvestasmuchaspossible,maximizingthe

    opportunityforeachcontribution,eachinvestment/assetclassbeingheld,andbycheckingfor

    lossharvestingopportunitiesasoftenaspossible!

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    Einstein 3monthsago

    It'shardtoimaginewhatelsecouldbesaidonthesubjectoftaxharvesting.Atthistimeofyear,Ireviewrealizedandunrealizedgains/lossesformyclients,butonlyharvest,ifitcallsforatradeinlinewiththepreviouslyplannedallocation.MaybeImakeatradeinDecemberratherthanlater.Sometimesthereisaparticularsituation,buttaxesaregenerallyinthebackseat..

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