By
Zelalem Assefa
Ethiopian Cyberinfrastructure
Agenda
What is Cyberinfrastructure?
Major Areas and Elements
Ethiopian Status on the Major area of
Cyberinfrastructure
Networking
Organizations
Software
Computational Resources
Collaboration tools
Data
Expertise2
Cyberinfrastructure
As defined by Indiana University
“Cyberinfrastructure consists of computing
systems, data storage systems, advanced
instruments and data repositories, visualization
environments, and people, all linked together by
software and high performance networks to
improve research productivity and enable
breakthroughs not otherwise possible.”
3
DiscoveryCollaboratio
nEducation
Major Areas and Elements
OrganizationsUniversities, schoolsGovernment labs, agenciesResearch and Medical CentersLibraries, MuseumsVirtual OrganizationsCommunities
ExpertiseResearch and ScholarshipEducationLearning and Workforce DevelopmentInteroperability and operationsCyberscience
NetworkingCampus, national, international networks
Research and experimental networksEnd-to-end throughput Cybersecurity
Computational Resources
SupercomputersClouds, Grids, ClustersVisualizationCompute servicesData Centers
DataDatabases, Data repositories
Collections and LibrariesData Access; storage, navigation
management, mining tools,curation, privacy
Scientific InstrumentsLarge Facilities, MREFCs,,telescopes
Colliders, shake TablesSensor Arrays
- Ocean, environment, weather,buildings, climate. etc
SoftwareApplications, middleware
Software development and supportCybersecurity: access,
authorization, authentication
Advanced Computational Infrastructure
DataInfrastructure
Program
Ethiopian Context on the Major area of
Cyberinfrastructure1. Networking
Campus, national, international networks
Research and experimental networks
Cybersecurity
2. Organizations
Universities
Government labs, agencies
Research and Medical Centers
Libraries, Museums
Virtual Organizations
Communities
5
Continued ..3. Software
Applications, middleware
Software development and support
Cybersecurity: access, authorization, authentication
4. Computational Resources
Supercomputers
Clouds, Grids, Clusters
Visualization
Compute services
Data Centers
5. Collaboration Tools
6. Data
Databases, Data repositories
Collections and Libraries
Data Access; storage, navigation, management, mining tools,
curation, privacy6
Continued ..6. Expertise
Research and Scholarship
Education
Learning and Workforce Development
Interoperability and operations
Cyberscience
7. Scientific Instruments
Large Facilities, Major Research Equipment and
Facilities Construction ,telescopes
Colliders, shake Tables
Sensor Arrays; Ocean, environment, weather,
buildings, climate. etc
7
Networking
1. Campus, national, international networks
2. Research and experimental networks
3. Cybersecurity
8
Campus Network Infrastructure for Universities
EthERNet is coordinating the universities in building standard and
state of the art campus network, which includes
Data Center Infrastructure.
Fibre and UTP Cabling
Security ,Wired & Wireless LAN, VOIP etc
9
National Network -EthERNet
Ethiopian Education and Research Network (EthERNet) is the
Ethiopian National Research and Education Network (NREN). It is
also a Research and experimental networks
EthERNet 40G backbone with 10G access to 36 public Universities
and Institute of Technologies having its own state of the art Data
Center and Network Operation Center
The optical (fiber) backbone is built on highly reliable OPGW and
ADSS on EEU high voltage lines. 4841 Km of fibers are used
Costs More than 1.2 billion ETB
Exchange Point/Internet Gateway is at EthERNet Data Center in
Addis Ababa to peer with neighboring NRENs (SudREN, KENET,
SolmaliREN) and ultimately will connect to UbuntuNet, GiANT,
Internet2 and all other global research and education network.
Current Member of UbuntuNet Alliance
National Network -EthERNet
12
Gonder
Debre Zebit
Defence
Debere Tabour
Debre Markos
Jigjiga
AdigratAxum
Dire Dawa
Haromaya
Arbaminch
Wolayita
Sodo
Mizan Teferi
Jimma
Hawassa
Bule Horra
Meda Welabu
Dilla
D Berhan WollegaAmboAssosa
Civil service
AASTU
KOTEBE
Mekel
Woldiya
Semera
Wollo
Bahirdar
Adama
AAUWachamo
EiABC
IOT
Bahirdar(5)
Adama(8)Welkete(7)
EPR-1(1)
EPR-2(2)
Kombolcha(6)
T8000
M6000-3s
10G
40G
Sidst
Kilo(3)
Bole(4)
Aggregation layerEdge layer
Welkete
Metu
IP Network -EthERNet
International Network -AfricaConnect project
The AfricaConnect project will benefit researchers, educators
and students in Southern and Eastern Africa, focusing on the
member countries of the UbuntuNet Alliance.
It aims to establish a high-capacity Internet network for
research and education in Southern and Eastern Africa to
provide the region with a gateway to global research
collaboration.
Organizing a direct interconnection of the resulting regional
network to GÉANT
TENET
SEACOM 10GE
(Existing)
TENET Amsterdam
10GE (Existing)
London (UK)
Gateway PoP
(Existing)
Wet Backbone Links
Existing Circuits
P/PE Wet backbone
Core
Gateway PoP
(Non-African Circuits)
Dar Es Salaam (TZ)
P/PE Core PoP
Maputo (MZ)
P/PE Core PoP
Blantyre
(MW)
Lusaka
(ZM)
Nairobi
(KE)
Addis-Ababa
(ET)
Kampala
(UG)
Kigali
(RW)
Edge (Country)
PoP
Cross Border Circuit
TENET CLOUD
Kinshasa
(CD)
Windhoek
(NA)
Mtunzini (ZA)
Gateway PoP
Phase 2 Circuit
MPLS X-Connect
Phase 2
PoP
Future WACS Cable
Africa – Europe
EIG Circuit
Amsterdam (NL)
Gateway PoP
(Existing)
Intercontinental Circuit
Mombasa (KE)
Gateway PoP
Khartoum
(SS)
Agreement between AU
and EU (Co-funded by
funded by EU80% )
But we are also
negotiating with
international provider to
hook us to UbuntuNet
alliance router in London
International Network – Ethiopia’s connection the outside
World
14
3 International
Gateways
• Sudan (Port Sudan)
• Djibouti
• Kenya (Mombasa)
Redundant National
Gateways
• Addis Ababa
• Bahir Dar (North through Sudan)
• Dire Dawa (East though Djibouti)
• Shashemene (South through Kenya)
Internet Bandwidth
• Total capacity is 27.74
• Through Djibouti = 14.88
• Through Sudan = 7.74 (CanarTele=4.34 and Sudan Tel = 3.1)
• Keney (SAFARICOM) = 1.24
• Satellite = 0.465
National Backbone
• Broadband, Mobile & Fixed Telephone
• 10 Gbps are currently being upgraded to 40Gbps
• Currently 12.5k( Km) fiber all over the country and upgraded to 18k (KM) after a year
Khartoum
Addis Ababa
Dire-Dawa
Shashemene
Bahir Dar
Cybersecurity
We have 2 firewalls to protect the whole network
applications. Those two firewall are running HA (active-
passive) mode and provide access, authorization,
authentication. Firewall deployment topology as follows,
US6820-1
10G
10G
EthERnet
HeartbeatHeartbeat
Cisco Nexus 7009-1
10G
10G
Smart Group1
Smart Group1
HA(Active-Passive)Port1
Port2
Eth1/1
FMC1/1
US6820-2
Cisco Nexus 7009-2
Eth1/1
Email Web HostingIdentity
Management systemOther application
system...
Vlan101Vlan100 Vlan102 VlanNVlanx LAN
FMC1/1
FMC1/2 FMC1/2
Organizations
1. Universities
2. Agricultural/Gov labs, agencies
3. Research and Medical Centers
4. Libraries, Museums
5. Virtual Organizations
6. Communities
16
Organizations to be Connected - EthERNet Phase II Project
1. 100 or more higher education and other organizations to be
connected to the EthERNet network.
2. Meshed transmission
The transmission network will be meshed topology, and the
ring topology shall increase from 2 to 5 Rings.
This will enhance the network security, strengthen service
availability.
3. Full OPGW migration
Most of the fiber route uses the existing OPGW cable, but
needs to migrate the rest that uses the existing ET’s optical
fiber cable. Meanwhile, it needs to push EEU to prioritize the
OPGW construction in favor of the cities which accommodate
universities.
4. Redundancy at the aggregation layer
For the aggregation layer, one more AG router should be for
each aggregation site
Debark
Engebara Maichew
Kebridahar
Jinka
Bonga
Asebe TeferiWorabe
BIHAR DAR-ARB
Adama-ARA
WELKETE-ARA
DataCenter-EPR-1
DataCenter-EPR-2
KOMBOLCHA-ARA
T8000
M6000-3s
10G
40G
SIDIS KILO-ARA
BOLE-AR2AAggregation layer
Edge layer
Fiche
Mekidla Amba
Asela
SIDIS KILO-ARB
BOLE-AR2B
KOMBOLCHA-ARBBIHAR DAR-ARA
WELKETE-ARB
Adama-ARB
Gambela Dembidolo
Black Lion Medical College
Paulos Mill.Medical Coll
IP Access Network -ISP
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Broadband Internet
• 84 IP DSLMS in 75 Major Cities (10 are in Addis)
• DSLAMs provide broadband services using ADSL2+/VDSL2 technologies
• About 2000 MSAGs in 75 major cities
• MSAGs Provide broadband access with the capacity to support 1.2 Million Subscribers
• MSAGSs Installed near all residential and business areas
• 507 mini-DSLAMS in 507 Woreda Towns
• Each DSLMS can support 24 customers
• Out of the 507 Min-DSLAMs, the uplink of 200 of them is upgraded to FE. This means by adding additional cards, the number of customers to be connected can also be increased
• DSLAMs are installed on Ethio Telcom facilities
CDMA
• Wireless Local loop intended for rural areas
• Provide Mobile Data services & 1x/e-video internet connections
• 90% geographical coverage of the country
• 1X: up to 153kbps
• EV-DO: Up to 3.1Mbps
Mobile (GSM)
• 720 words & Main roads have coverage
• GPRS (2.5G) data services is available for all mobile users
• EDGE (2.75 G) data services for Addis Ababa & Major cities; current active user are 1.4M
• 3G : 1.5M capacity available in Addis, 4.5 M capacity in regions under implementation to be complete in end 2015.
• 4G : 400K capacity data services is available in Addis Ababa:
• Currently 35,478,485M Mobile subscribers all over the country.
• Network can support 60M subscribers
• A project to upgrade the capacity to 60M subscribers is half way in its implementation.
VSA
Currently deployed VSAT system has the capacity to transmit both voice (television), data (Internet) and telephone
96% Government Secondary schools have VSAT
1357 schools are beneficiaries of Plasma Educational Broadcast TV program
• Other organization can easily connected to the network using
the ISP infrastructure
ISP existing Fiber link
Other sectors including Financials, Trade, Pubic Service,EEU etc
Computational Resources
1. Supercomputers
2. Clouds, Grids, Clusters
3. Visualization
4. Compute services
5. Data Centers
25
Cloud Infrastructure EthERNet do have state of the art data center
containing cloud infrastructure (virtualization and
compute services)
26
27 IBM V7000
Cisco Nexus
5596UP-1
US6820-1
10G
10G
1G
8G/10G
Service network
Network Fiber
EthERnet
1G Heartbeat
HeartbeatHeartbeat
Cisco Nexus 7009-1
10G
10G
8G
8G
8G
Smart Group1
Smart Group1
Pureflex
HA(Active-Passive)
Port1
Port2
Eth1/1 Eth1/1
FMC1/1
Eth1/5
Eth1/6
US6820-2
FC port1
FC1/1
8G8G8G
1G Management network
Cisco Nexus
5596UP-2
Cisco Nexus 7009-2
1G*21G*2
Eth1/3-4 Eth1/3-4
FC1/2 FC1/1 FC1/2
FC1/3 FC1/3
1G1G
Eth1/7 Eth1/7
D-F7100-1
D-F7100-2
FMC1/1
FMC1/2FMC1/2
1G 1G
Bond1(Active-Backup)
Eth1/8 Eth1/8
Physical Network Design
Proposed EthERNet HPC
28
We used Gaussian and Quantum Espresso
previously using the Africa-Grid for our researchers
Collaboration Tools
Large File transfer
Videoconferencing-as-a-Service
Works with rooms, laptops/desktops, mobile and web.
Replay, Recording and Streaming. Manage lectures and
content for live or on-demand viewing
(Private) Cloud like shared service for each university – no
need to buy the servers for UC
Not “rip & replace” – existing H.323 in each universities estate
can continue to participate
Reach out to partners and collaborators world-wide
A ready-made service!
Provide distance learning that is interactive and Can also be
used for Support and training
Research: This is a particularly popular use of universities and
research organizations, and their industry partners.
Promote greater interactions, High quality content sharing, and
engagement among teachers and students
Continued….
Data
Currently EthERNet provide
Open Access Repository (http://ethoar.sci-gaia.eu/) using DOI
(digital object Identifier)
Databases, Data repositories
Collections and Libraries
Data Access; storage, navigation, management, mining tools,
curation, privacy
Way forward
We invested on Technology, but not on people
and effect
People are a key element
We have to do Linkage of technology elements
by software and high-performance networks
into a larger system
We have to organize and invest on Scientific
Instruments (Large Facilities, telescopes,
Sensor Arrays, etc)
Collaborate and work together MoST and other
stack holders
Any Q
?
Thank You!
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