Energy Efficient Operations: Giving facility operators the tools to optimize building performanceThe B3 Energy Efficient Operations Manual
Garrett MosimanCenter for Sustainable Building ResearchUniversity of Minnesota College of Designwww.csbr.umn.edu [email protected]
Based on the work and observations ofPeter HerzogHerzog / Wheeler Associates
2013 AEE / ASHRAE / USGBCEnergy ExpoOctober 2, 2013
ENERGY-EFFICIENT OPERATION MANUALS
Why do we need them?What does one looks like?
Goal of Energy-Efficient Operation
To ensure that each significant energy-consuming device uses only as much energy as necessary to perform its intended function.
The Premise:A building is operating efficiently if each significant energy-consuming device is using only as much energy as is necessary to perform its intended function.
In the vast majority of buildings, energy-consuming devices are essentially unmanaged. Facilities managers rely on “signals” like lack of occupant complaints and premature equipment failure as proxies for success. While these signals are critical to success in building operation, they do not ensure that the significant energy-consuming devices are operating efficiently.
By instituting a system of simple, nontechnical, routine checks on significant energy users, energy savings of 20% - 25% can be realized.
Typical Operation and Maintenance Goals and Activities
1. Provide a Comfortable Environment2. Maintain a Safe Environment3. Avoid Premature Failure4. Maintain Equipment Capacity5. Maintain Energy-Efficient Operation
Achieving each goal requires the following:• Management commitment• Measurable accountabilities• An established process• Knowledge & training• Resources, tools and time
Modes of Operation for Energy-Consuming Equipment in Buildings
DETERMINES CRITERIA
OPERATESEQUIPMENT
EXAMPLES
Mode A Occupant Occupant Switched lightingComputersCopiersMisc. plug loadsLab hoodsKitchen exhaustKitchen equipment
Mode B Occupant BuildingEngineer
Scheduled lighting controlOccupancy sensor lighting controlAHU occupied/unoccupied scheduleSpace temperature setpointsVentilation air
Mode C Building Engineer
BuildingEngineer
AHU: Outside air control Mixed air control Preheat temperature Cooling setpoint Reheat control Supply air temperature control Fan speed controlChillerCooling towerBoilerHydronic loop controlExhaust fans
EXAMPLES OF EXCESS ENERGY CONSUMPTIONUNDETECTED BY TYPICAL OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PRACTICES(WHY WE NEED A MANUAL)
AHU Energy-Wasting Malfunctions
Actual Operation – Daylight Controlled Lighting
Actual Operation – Daylight Controlled Lighting
Actual Operation – AHU Fans
Actual Operation – Plug Loads
Actual Operation – Plug Loads
Goal of Energy-Efficient Operation
To ensure that each significant energy-consuming device uses only as much energy as necessary to perform its intended function.
Energy-Efficient Operation Process 1. Identify candidates for Energy-Efficient Operation * High annual consumption of energy units and dollars * Possible excess energy use * Excess energy use could go undetected by typical operating practices
2. Perform periodic verification of Energy-Efficient Operation * Measure actual performance * Compare actual to required performance
3. Act to correct inefficient operation
Existing Building Commissioning Savings Opportunities (PBEEEP)
Our approach: the Energy Efficient Operations Manual(What a manuallooks like)
Nature of the Task:Timer-controlled devices
1. Negotiate the minimum-acceptable operating schedule with the occupants served by the device or system
2. Ensure that the agreed schedule is implemented in the control system3. Verify that the timer-controlled device switches “off” when signaled by the
control
Nature of the Task:Mixed Air Temperature
1. Compare the current Mixed Air Temperature (MAT) to its predicted value. This value changes relative to outdoor air temperature.
Science Teaching & Student Services Operating Manual
OAT HRT-40 43-48-35 45-49-30 47-51-25 48-52-20 48-53-15 50-54-10 52-55-5 53-560 54-575 56-58
10 57-5915 59-6020 60-6125 61-6230 62-6335 OFF40 OFF45 OFF50 OFF55 OFF60 OFF65 OFF70 OFF75 76-7780 77-7885 78-8090 79-8195 80-82
100 81-83
Science Teaching & Student Services Operating Manual
Energy Efficient Operation Manual – SB 2030
Typical Monitoring of Energy Efficiency:
This year’s energy use is down (or up) from last year’s energy use by _____________
Ideal Monitoring of Energy Efficiency:
By following our “Energy-Efficient Operation Manual”, we routinely verify that each
significant energy consumer is using only as much energy as is necessary to perform its intended function.
B3 Energy-Efficient Operation Manual Status
Current manuals may be created with available Excel templates for the first three modules (timer controlled lights, timer controlled AHUs, Mixed Air Temperature).
A website is under development that will facilitate three tasks for these three modules: • Creation of custom manuals (commissioning agent / design
engineer)• Prompting system and guidance for task completion (building
staff)• Monitoring and feedback for management (facilities manager)
Work is underway to develop additional modules (plug loads, daylight-controlled lights, hydronic heating, etc.), and a system to select appropriate modules for a particular building
Thanks!
2013 AEE / ASHRAE / USGBCEnergy ExpoOctober 2, 2013
Garrett Mosimanwww.csbr.umn.edu [email protected]
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