Ecology
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Study of living and non-living things and their relationships.
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Biotic
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living thingsPlants & animals
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Abiotic
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Non-living thingsSunlight, soil, rocks, temp.
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Limiting Factors
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Any resource or condition that lowers the success of an organism.Competition, predators, space, temp.
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Levels in the Biosphere
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Orange People Can’t Ever Be BlueOrganism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere
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Organism
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A living thing
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Population
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A group of organisms of the same species, place & time.
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Community
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2 or more populations in an area.
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Ecosystem
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Community and biotic and abiotic factors.
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Biome
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Large ecosystem based on climateEx. rainforest, tundra, grassland
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Biosphere
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Part of earth that can sustain life.
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Taxonomy
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The study of the classification of living things.
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Taxon (hierarchical classificatio
n)
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Did King Philip Come Over For Grape Soda?
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (general specific)
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3 Domains
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Archaea – ancient bacteriaEubacteria – true bacteriaEukarya - eukaryotes
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6 Kingdoms
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Archaea Eubacteria ProtistaFungiAnimaliaPlantae
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Species
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A group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.
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Binomial Nomenclatur
e
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Each organism has a 2 part scientific name: Genus and species.
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Dichotomous Key
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A device that can be used to easily identify an unknown organism.
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Biogeochemical cycle
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Cycle of transferring nutrients from the environment to an organism and back.
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Open Ecosystem
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Energy and matter can flow in & out.
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3 processes in Water
cycle
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Cellular respiration – gives off waterTranspiration – loss of water through leaves.Photosynthesis – uses water
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Precipitation
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Rain, snow, sleet or hail
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Standing water
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Holds water on land Lakes & swamps.
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Ground Water
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Holds water underground
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Evaporation
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Water changes from liquid to gas.
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Condensation
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Water changes from gas to liquid.CLOUDS
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Run-off
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Returns water to oceans, lakes, streams.
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Acid Rain
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Precipitation with a low pH. Caused by sulfur dioxide (g) & nitrous oxides (g)
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Sulfur dioxide
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From industries. Mixes with water in air to make sulfuric acid.
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Nitrous Oxides
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From fertilizers and car exhaust. Mix with water to form nitric acid.
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Effects of Acid Rain
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Kill crops, forests, fish, soil bacteria. Corrodes metals.
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Solutions for Acid Rain
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Scrubbers in smoke stacks, add lime(chemical) to lakes to pH. Less car emissions. Walk, ride bike, take bus…
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Carbon in Living Things
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Trapped and stored by photosynthesis and chemosynthesis.Released by respiration, decomposition, and combustion.
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Carbon in non-living
things
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Most carbon is found in oceans and rocks, shells and corals.
Only 0.03% of atmosphere is CO2
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Respiration
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Uses O2 and releases CO2
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Combustion
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Uses O2 and releases CO2
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Decomposition
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Uses O2 and releases CO2
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Photosynthesis
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Uses CO2
and releases O2
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Chemosynthesis
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Uses CO2 to make C6H12O6
Happens near deep sea vents on bottom of ocean
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Greenhouse Effect
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CO2 in atmosphere traps heat in. Due to burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.
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Solutions toGreenhouse
Effect
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Decrease burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.
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Ozone holes
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Ozone (O3) is broken down by CFCs causing holes in the layer. Ozone protects earth from UV radiation.
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Effects of Ozone holes
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Skin cancer, eye problems and aging of skin.
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What nitrogen is used for.
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1. Proteins (amino acids)
2. Cells3. Nucleic acids – DNA & RNA
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3 parts of Nitrogen
cycle
Front of card Back of card1. Nitrogen fixation (bacteria and lightening convert N2(g) to NO3-)2. Nitrification (cycle)3. Denitrification (NO3-
converted to N2(g) by anaerobic bacteria)
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Nitrogen fixation
Front of card Back of cardLightening
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