Department for Education InnovationAcademic Induction Programme 2015
Senior Instructional Designers
Dr Marius Pienaar (VET)Ms Adriana Botha (EBIT & ASELPH)
9 July 2015
e-Learning
In this session• “Warm-up: Red flag shout”• Theoretical overview & Terminology• “Getting ready: Green flag shout” • Augmenting clickUP and teaching and learning• “Cut & Polish”• Diamond Metaphor• “Let your diamond module sparkle”• Housekeeping
e-Learning
Activity 1“4 min Warm-up: Red flag shout”
• Think of any words you can associate with the 3 terminologies: 1. eLearning2. Hybrid Learning3. Blended Learning
• Raise your red flag – say the number above• Say the word• Scribe will write it down
e-Learning
e-Learning
What is e-learning?
• The use of technology to enable people to learn anywhere and anytime
• Information is made learner-friendly: apply the principles of instructional and visual design, then produced using authoring tools/software
e-Learning
What is e-learning?
• Made available on the LMS, Web portal or intranet
• Covers a range of activities from learning online, to hybrid/blended learning (combining traditional and e-learning)
e-Learning
What is e-learning?
Learning accomplished with the use of electronic media
e-Learning
What is NOT e-learning?
• “Putting documents behind glass”• Adding narration to PowerPoint slides and
publishing them• Uploading a course on to a LMS without
activities and interaction
e-Learning
Advantages of e-learning
• Different learning styles are addressed• Development of computer and Internet skills • Builds self-knowledge and self-confidence • Encourages students to take responsibility for
their learning• Adds to the classroom environment.
e-Learning
Advantages of e-learning
• Less expensive to produce• Self-paced • Progresses up to 50 percent faster than
traditional courses • Eliminates the problems associated with
different lecturers teaching slightly different material on the same subject
• Any location and any time
e-Learning
Advantages of e-learning
• Updated easily and quickly • Can lead to increased retention and a stronger
grasp on the subject • Ability to revisit or replay sections of the
training that might not have been clear the first time around
• It can be easily managed for large groups of students
e-Learning
Danger of e-learning
Concentrating on the ‘e' and forgetting the all important ‘learning‘
• Whatever the technology, learning is the vital element
• Therefore, the students have to undertake activities which actively engage them and they require feedback on the activities they undertake
e-Learning
Disadvantages of e-learning
• Unmotivated students or those with poor study habits may fall behind
• Lack of familiar structure and routine may take getting used to
• Students may feel isolated or miss social interaction
e-Learning
Disadvantages of e-learning
• Lecturer may not always be available on demand
• Slow or unreliable Internet connections can be frustrating
• Traditional hands-on courses can be difficult to simulate
face-to-face, technology-mediated, synchronous/
asynchronous
What is hybrid learning?
• Converges fit-for-purpose knowledge sources and communication modes to engage students actively and independently in their own learning
lecturer, fellow students, printed text, Internet, other
media, workplace, communities
e-Learning
Within an inquiry-based paradigm
e-Learning
What is hybrid learning?
• Different modes of delivery• Promotes a mix of:• face-to-face teaching and learning environment• distributed teaching and learning environment • different frequencies of interaction • on campus, in the workplace, at community
sites of learning, at a distance and online
e-Learning
What is blended learning?
• Blended learning involves face-to-face on-campus teaching and learning enhanced by appropriate educational technologies to support student engagement inside and outside the contact sessions in most modules.
e-LearningBlended learningWeb enhanced – content + support
– Some online resources & discussion groups to supplement classroom-based teaching
Web enabled – ‘wrap-around’ model– E-learning materials combined with existing
resources to create a ‘blended’ model– Includes online discussions, e-tivities, group
workWeb dependent – integrated model
– Entirely online learning community– Collaborative working, peer support, lecturer
as facilitator
e-Learning
Pros and Cons of blended learning
• Pro– Flexibility– Accesibility– Best of both worlds– Can save time– Self-reliant learning
• Con– Can lead to a lack of
face-to-face communication
– The clicking monkey– Design choices more
difficult– Self-reliant learning
much needed
Important: design!
e-Learning
5 m
inut
es
Activity 2“5 min Getting ready: Green flag shout”
• Think of more words for: 1. eLearning2. Hybrid Learning3. Blended Learning
• Raise your Green flag – say number• Say the word• Scribe will write it down
e-Learning
Functions of clickUP (LMS)• To distribute study information• To distribute study material (e.g. text,
PowerPoint video)• To deliver assignments• To discuss• To peer review • To do a formative test & feedback
= connect all parts!
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
Alignment
“In aligned teaching, where all components support each other, students are ‘trapped’ into engaging in the appropriate learning
activities”
(Biggs, 2002)
Integrate all learning tasks fully into teaching
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
Strategy
Preparatoryactivity
reading, practical
exercises, quiz
submit online
BEFORE
Focal activity
lecture, seminar, online
discussion
incorporateresources
DURING
Follow on activity
build on focal activity,
further investigation
submit online
AFTER
Feed into next task
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
Designing the blend
• Which of the components do you think can be offline, which can be online?
• Apply this to your course/situation
Later we will link this to description of learning tasks
clickUP (LMS)
Think about it
e-LearningclickUP (LMS) - Designing the blend: Components
Offline – face to face Online - interactionLecturesWorkshopsCoachingPractice of skillsWorking groupsAssessmentSimulations
Consulting of expertsPractice of skillsAsynchronous:
- e-mail- newsgroups / forum
Synchronous:- chat- virtual classroom- video conferencing
CoachingDocument sharing/wikiWorking groupsAssessment/peer assessment
Offline individual Online individualPrint mediaAudioVideo Simulations
Consulting sourcesVideo on demandComputer based training (CBT)WebsitesSearch enginesSimulationsPortfolio / reflectionSelf-assessment
Think about it
e-Learning
Designing the blend: media choice
Task complexity vs. media richness (Heeren, 1996)
Technology richness
high
lowhighlow
Task complexity
Effectiveness loss
Efficiency loss
Good fit
clickUP (LMS)
Think about it
e-Learning
Communication: Five Step Model (Salmon, 2003)
Log on & make contact
Form the online community
Exchange information
Engage with the learning
Apply new knowledge
Learner activities
Welcome & encourage
Find common links
Support task
Facilitate discussions
Link to wider context
Lecturer role
clickUP (LMS)
Think about it
e-Learning
Flipping/Scrambling the classroom
Flip: • A wide variety of teaching styles that largely replace
the lecture • For material that might have been delivered in
lecture format previously, online instruction is provided in advance of the class
• This allows for time in class to be used in different interactive ways – group work, discussion and other forms of highly engaged participatory learning become the norm
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
Flipping/Scrambling the classroom
Scramble: • With the blended learning approach, the material
delivered in a lecture format, is scrambled/mixed with online instruction (hybrid)
• Allows for time in class for traditional teaching and learning, and for interactive teaching and learning
Replacing official contact time with e-tivities
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
Augmenting teaching and learning
Various tools:• Mashups: streaming video (YouTube), presentations
(SlideShare) and images (Flickr) in the course• Built-in wiki: students can collaborate on a web page
inside our LMS. Students share ideas and resources, present topics to each other, and critique each other’s work
• Built-in discussion board: create discussion forums for topic related discussions
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
Augmenting teaching and learningVarious tools:• Built-in blog: a medium for reflective learning.
Students display research, analytical, and communication skills through a series of commentaries meant for consumption and comment in a course
• Built-in journal: a personal space for private communication between student and lecturerCan be used as a self-reflective tool (opinions, ideas, and concerns about the course)Can be used to discuss and analyse course related materials
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
Augmenting teaching and learningVarious tools:• Built-in virtual classroom: a medium for reflective
learning.Teaching and learning at a distance
• Collaborate: built-in video-conferencing and collaboration toolTeaching and learning at a distance
• Online assessment tasks and activitiesQuick and effective feedback
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
Re-design of your course for blended learning: ADDIE
•Analysis
•Design
•Development
•Implementation
•Evaluation
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
• Analysis• Decide on: Goals, entry
knowledge, content• Relate these three to each other• Generate first idea of tasks
• Design• Design framework for tasks• Design general formulation of
tasks• Decide on task support and
communication
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
• Development• Prepare materials• Use the checklist for
preparation of tasks• Think of reuse• Note recommendations on
reading online• Convert materials
clickUP (LMS)
e-Learning
• Implementation• Place materials in clickUP and/or OER• Use support and communication tools • Engage learners
• Evaluation• Measure if learning outcomes have been
reached• Measure if the learning process was effective• Gather data, act upon during course, or
improve for next version
clickUP (LMS)
AD-Break
e-LearningActivity 3
“Cut and Polish”1. Each Faculty group will receive a “mode of delivery”2. Draw a mind-map:
• What are the affordances/possibilities/prospects?• How can it add value in a unique way to student learning and contribute to success?• What are the impediments?
3. Paste on flipchart boards
e-Learning
e-Learning
e-LearningActivity 3
“Cut and Polish”
15 m
inut
es
1. Each Faculty group will receive a “mode of delivery”2. Draw a mind-map:
• What are the affordances/possibilities/prospects?• How can it add value in a unique way to student learning and contribute to success?• What are the impediments?
3. Paste on flipchart boards
e-Learning
Definition Sloan Consortium, 2005
Courses that integrate online with traditional face to face ‐ ‐class activities in a planned and pedagogically valuable mannerThe Sloan Consortium (a professional organization dedicated to postsecondary online learning) defines blended learning as a course where 30% - 70% of the instruction is delivered online. While this is a useful guideline, it may not be sufficient to cover every blended learning configuration.
f2f learning experience
Blended
Learning
Online learning experien
ce
The big picture (Vaughan, 2010)
e-Learning
e-Learning
Diamond Education
• Valuable • Each unique
o Settings differo Polished differently
• Add value• Each unique
o Disciplines, outcomes, students & lecturers philosophy
o ICT feasibility
Diamond metaphor concept
e-Learning
Your: Teaching philosophy
Discipline/subjectTeaching situation
Student profileAvailable resources
Your Diamond Setting
Blended learning framework
47
Assessment & Feedback
Value
Admin
Content
Engagement
Support
Situation analysis
Other ICT clickUPPaperClass
Other ICT
Value?
Admin
Content
Engagement
Summ.Ass/Feedback/Student Support
Formative Assessment
clickUPPaperClass
Other ICTvalue
admin
content
engagement
feedback & support
assessmentStudent supportQuestion and answerIndividual support directly after lecture
ActivitiesGroup workGroup presentationsQuestion and answerDebatesJigsaw-method
Content, contextPowerPoint presentaionGuest lecturer presentation
AdminAnnouncements
Examples of “Face-to-face” mode
clickUP
Grading & FeedbackWritten tests
Class Paper
Class Other ICTPapervalue
admin
content
engagement
feedback & support
assessment
Grading & FeedbackWritten testsWritten assignmentsOptical mark readers
ActivitiesPractical guidesWork sheetsLogs
Content, context
TextbooksPrinted readersPosters
AdminPrinted study guidesLetters
Examples of “Paper” mode
Student supportStudy tipsHandouts
clickUP
Class Other ICTPapervalue
admin
content
engagement
feedback & support
assessment Grading & FeedbackLaboratory Studio Ward rounds ClinicsExhibitions
ActivitiesPractical sessionsExcursions off campusStudio Ward rounds Clinics
ContentContextExhibitions
AdminNotice boardsOffices
Examples of “Other” mode
Student supportTutor supportLecturer consultations
clickUP
Class Other ICTPapervalue
admin
content
engagement
feedback & support
assessmentGrading & FeedbackSMSSynchronous softwareComputer-based Testing (QuestUP)
ActivitiesClickersAudio programmesSynchronous software Computer programmesSocial Networking (Wikis, blogs etc.)
Content, contextCD RomsVideosWeb sitesPodcastsRSS feeds
AdminEmailSMS
Examples of “ICT” mode
Student supportWhatsApp groupsFacebook groups
clickUP
Class Other Papervalue
admin
content
engagement
feedback & support
assessment
Examples of “clickUP” mode
clickUPICT
content
engagement
support
support
assessment &
feedback
admin
clickUP Learning Modules
56
Model Case 1 Case 2
Case 3 Case 4 Case 5
Activities
Assessment
Value added by mode
LMSClass Other
Overall value
A Diamond Metaphor to Promote a Flexible Blended Teaching and Learning Model (M. Lotriet et al)
Admin & course information
Module Page in clickUP
Content: Access to additional material
Copyright clearanceEvery year!
Content: Access to additional material
Content: clickUP Module
Content: Adaptive Release
Content: Adaptive release
Assessment: Assignments
Assessment: Assignments
Cultivate: Turnitin
ASSESSMENT: Plagiarism
Anti-Plagiarism SoftwareTurnitin: Originality Report
Management: Groups
Management: Groups
Collaboration
Collaboration in clickUP (Wiki, Blog, Journal & Discussion Forum
Discussion Board
e-Learning
• Tailor own blended learning course• Add value to course by –
Using contact time more productivelyEncouraging students to interact moreProvide support Exercising communication and collaboration
skills online with professional teamsSolving real life and workplace problems
e-Learning
• More flexible schedules than in contact teaching• Expand and contextualise the subject matter• Social connectedness • Increases interaction with content, co-students and
faculty• Achieve the required visual and technological literacy
required for prospective careers.
Blended learning benefits for students
Teaching components
Media or Mode of delivery
Class Other Paper ICT clickUP
Value added
Admin
Content
Engagement
Formative/Student Support/Feedback/
Summative Assessment
Situation analysis: Your teaching philosophyProfile of your studentsChallenges Affordances of your teaching situation
e-Learning
Activity 4
Start designing and let your diamond module sparkle
25 m
inut
es
4 & 5 November 2015Registration: CE@UP
e-Learning
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