Department for Education InnovationAcademic Induction Programme 2015

Senior Instructional Designers

Dr Marius Pienaar (VET)Ms Adriana Botha (EBIT & ASELPH)

9 July 2015

e-Learning

In this session• “Warm-up: Red flag shout”• Theoretical overview & Terminology• “Getting ready: Green flag shout” • Augmenting clickUP and teaching and learning• “Cut & Polish”• Diamond Metaphor• “Let your diamond module sparkle”• Housekeeping

e-Learning

Activity 1“4 min Warm-up: Red flag shout”

• Think of any words you can associate with the 3 terminologies: 1. eLearning2. Hybrid Learning3. Blended Learning

• Raise your red flag – say the number above• Say the word• Scribe will write it down

e-Learning

e-Learning

What is e-learning?

• The use of technology to enable people to learn anywhere and anytime

• Information is made learner-friendly: apply the principles of instructional and visual design, then produced using authoring tools/software

e-Learning

What is e-learning?

• Made available on the LMS, Web portal or intranet

• Covers a range of activities from learning online, to hybrid/blended learning (combining traditional and e-learning)

e-Learning

What is e-learning?

Learning accomplished with the use of electronic media

e-Learning

What is NOT e-learning?

• “Putting documents behind glass”• Adding narration to PowerPoint slides and

publishing them• Uploading a course on to a LMS without

activities and interaction

e-Learning

Advantages of e-learning

• Different learning styles are addressed• Development of computer and Internet skills • Builds self-knowledge and self-confidence • Encourages students to take responsibility for

their learning• Adds to the classroom environment.

e-Learning

Advantages of e-learning

• Less expensive to produce• Self-paced • Progresses up to 50 percent faster than

traditional courses • Eliminates the problems associated with

different lecturers teaching slightly different material on the same subject

• Any location and any time

e-Learning

Advantages of e-learning

• Updated easily and quickly • Can lead to increased retention and a stronger

grasp on the subject • Ability to revisit or replay sections of the

training that might not have been clear the first time around

• It can be easily managed for large groups of students

e-Learning

Danger of e-learning

Concentrating on the ‘e' and forgetting the all important ‘learning‘

• Whatever the technology, learning is the vital element

• Therefore, the students have to undertake activities which actively engage them and they require feedback on the activities they undertake

e-Learning

Disadvantages of e-learning

• Unmotivated students or those with poor study habits may fall behind

• Lack of familiar structure and routine may take getting used to

• Students may feel isolated or miss social interaction

e-Learning

Disadvantages of e-learning

• Lecturer may not always be available on demand

• Slow or unreliable Internet connections can be frustrating

• Traditional hands-on courses can be difficult to simulate

face-to-face, technology-mediated, synchronous/

asynchronous

What is hybrid learning?

• Converges fit-for-purpose knowledge sources and communication modes to engage students actively and independently in their own learning

lecturer, fellow students, printed text, Internet, other

media, workplace, communities

e-Learning

Within an inquiry-based paradigm

e-Learning

What is hybrid learning?

• Different modes of delivery• Promotes a mix of:• face-to-face teaching and learning environment• distributed teaching and learning environment • different frequencies of interaction • on campus, in the workplace, at community

sites of learning, at a distance and online

e-Learning

What is blended learning?

• Blended learning involves face-to-face on-campus teaching and learning enhanced by appropriate educational technologies to support student engagement inside and outside the contact sessions in most modules.

e-LearningBlended learningWeb enhanced – content + support

– Some online resources & discussion groups to supplement classroom-based teaching

Web enabled – ‘wrap-around’ model– E-learning materials combined with existing

resources to create a ‘blended’ model– Includes online discussions, e-tivities, group

workWeb dependent – integrated model

– Entirely online learning community– Collaborative working, peer support, lecturer

as facilitator

e-Learning

Pros and Cons of blended learning

• Pro– Flexibility– Accesibility– Best of both worlds– Can save time– Self-reliant learning

• Con– Can lead to a lack of

face-to-face communication

– The clicking monkey– Design choices more

difficult– Self-reliant learning

much needed

Important: design!

e-Learning

5 m

inut

es

Activity 2“5 min Getting ready: Green flag shout”

• Think of more words for: 1. eLearning2. Hybrid Learning3. Blended Learning

• Raise your Green flag – say number• Say the word• Scribe will write it down

e-Learning

Functions of clickUP (LMS)• To distribute study information• To distribute study material (e.g. text,

PowerPoint video)• To deliver assignments• To discuss• To peer review • To do a formative test & feedback

= connect all parts!

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

Alignment

“In aligned teaching, where all components support each other, students are ‘trapped’ into engaging in the appropriate learning

activities”

(Biggs, 2002)

Integrate all learning tasks fully into teaching

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

Strategy

Preparatoryactivity

reading, practical

exercises, quiz

submit online

BEFORE

Focal activity

lecture, seminar, online

discussion

incorporateresources

DURING

Follow on activity

build on focal activity,

further investigation

submit online

AFTER

Feed into next task

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

Designing the blend

• Which of the components do you think can be offline, which can be online?

• Apply this to your course/situation

Later we will link this to description of learning tasks

clickUP (LMS)

Think about it

e-LearningclickUP (LMS) - Designing the blend: Components

Offline – face to face Online - interactionLecturesWorkshopsCoachingPractice of skillsWorking groupsAssessmentSimulations

Consulting of expertsPractice of skillsAsynchronous:

- e-mail- newsgroups / forum

Synchronous:- chat- virtual classroom- video conferencing

CoachingDocument sharing/wikiWorking groupsAssessment/peer assessment

Offline individual Online individualPrint mediaAudioVideo Simulations

Consulting sourcesVideo on demandComputer based training (CBT)WebsitesSearch enginesSimulationsPortfolio / reflectionSelf-assessment

Think about it

e-Learning

Designing the blend: media choice

Task complexity vs. media richness (Heeren, 1996)

Technology richness

high

lowhighlow

Task complexity

Effectiveness loss

Efficiency loss

Good fit

clickUP (LMS)

Think about it

e-Learning

Communication: Five Step Model (Salmon, 2003)

Log on & make contact

Form the online community

Exchange information

Engage with the learning

Apply new knowledge

Learner activities

Welcome & encourage

Find common links

Support task

Facilitate discussions

Link to wider context

Lecturer role

clickUP (LMS)

Think about it

e-Learning

Flipping/Scrambling the classroom

Flip: • A wide variety of teaching styles that largely replace

the lecture • For material that might have been delivered in

lecture format previously, online instruction is provided in advance of the class

• This allows for time in class to be used in different interactive ways – group work, discussion and other forms of highly engaged participatory learning become the norm

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

Flipping/Scrambling the classroom

Scramble: • With the blended learning approach, the material

delivered in a lecture format, is scrambled/mixed with online instruction (hybrid)

• Allows for time in class for traditional teaching and learning, and for interactive teaching and learning

Replacing official contact time with e-tivities

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

Augmenting teaching and learning

Various tools:• Mashups: streaming video (YouTube), presentations

(SlideShare) and images (Flickr) in the course• Built-in wiki: students can collaborate on a web page

inside our LMS. Students share ideas and resources, present topics to each other, and critique each other’s work

• Built-in discussion board: create discussion forums for topic related discussions

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

Augmenting teaching and learningVarious tools:• Built-in blog: a medium for reflective learning.

Students display research, analytical, and communication skills through a series of commentaries meant for consumption and comment in a course

• Built-in journal: a personal space for private communication between student and lecturerCan be used as a self-reflective tool (opinions, ideas, and concerns about the course)Can be used to discuss and analyse course related materials

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

Augmenting teaching and learningVarious tools:• Built-in virtual classroom: a medium for reflective

learning.Teaching and learning at a distance

• Collaborate: built-in video-conferencing and collaboration toolTeaching and learning at a distance

• Online assessment tasks and activitiesQuick and effective feedback

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

Re-design of your course for blended learning: ADDIE

•Analysis

•Design

•Development

•Implementation

•Evaluation

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

• Analysis• Decide on: Goals, entry

knowledge, content• Relate these three to each other• Generate first idea of tasks

• Design• Design framework for tasks• Design general formulation of

tasks• Decide on task support and

communication

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

• Development• Prepare materials• Use the checklist for

preparation of tasks• Think of reuse• Note recommendations on

reading online• Convert materials

clickUP (LMS)

e-Learning

• Implementation• Place materials in clickUP and/or OER• Use support and communication tools • Engage learners

• Evaluation• Measure if learning outcomes have been

reached• Measure if the learning process was effective• Gather data, act upon during course, or

improve for next version

clickUP (LMS)

AD-Break

e-LearningActivity 3

“Cut and Polish”1. Each Faculty group will receive a “mode of delivery”2. Draw a mind-map:

• What are the affordances/possibilities/prospects?• How can it add value in a unique way to student learning and contribute to success?• What are the impediments?

3. Paste on flipchart boards

e-Learning

e-Learning

e-LearningActivity 3

“Cut and Polish”

15 m

inut

es

1. Each Faculty group will receive a “mode of delivery”2. Draw a mind-map:

• What are the affordances/possibilities/prospects?• How can it add value in a unique way to student learning and contribute to success?• What are the impediments?

3. Paste on flipchart boards

e-Learning

Definition Sloan Consortium, 2005

Courses that integrate online with traditional face to face ‐ ‐class activities in a planned and pedagogically valuable mannerThe Sloan Consortium (a professional organization dedicated to postsecondary online learning) defines blended learning as a course where 30% - 70% of the instruction is delivered online. While this is a useful guideline, it may not be sufficient to cover every blended learning configuration.

f2f learning experience

Blended

Learning

Online learning experien

ce

The big picture (Vaughan, 2010)

e-Learning

e-Learning

Diamond Education

• Valuable • Each unique

o Settings differo Polished differently

• Add value• Each unique

o Disciplines, outcomes, students & lecturers philosophy

o ICT feasibility

Diamond metaphor concept

e-Learning

Your: Teaching philosophy

Discipline/subjectTeaching situation

Student profileAvailable resources

Your Diamond Setting

Blended learning framework

47

Assessment & Feedback

Value

Admin

Content

Engagement

Support

Situation analysis

Other ICT clickUPPaperClass

Other ICT

Value?

Admin

Content

Engagement

Summ.Ass/Feedback/Student Support

Formative Assessment

clickUPPaperClass

Other ICTvalue

admin

content

engagement

feedback & support

assessmentStudent supportQuestion and answerIndividual support directly after lecture

ActivitiesGroup workGroup presentationsQuestion and answerDebatesJigsaw-method

Content, contextPowerPoint presentaionGuest lecturer presentation

AdminAnnouncements

Examples of “Face-to-face” mode

clickUP

Grading & FeedbackWritten tests

Class Paper

Class Other ICTPapervalue

admin

content

engagement

feedback & support

assessment

Grading & FeedbackWritten testsWritten assignmentsOptical mark readers

ActivitiesPractical guidesWork sheetsLogs

Content, context

TextbooksPrinted readersPosters

AdminPrinted study guidesLetters

Examples of “Paper” mode

Student supportStudy tipsHandouts

clickUP

Class Other ICTPapervalue

admin

content

engagement

feedback & support

assessment Grading & FeedbackLaboratory Studio Ward rounds ClinicsExhibitions

ActivitiesPractical sessionsExcursions off campusStudio Ward rounds Clinics

ContentContextExhibitions

AdminNotice boardsOffices

Examples of “Other” mode

Student supportTutor supportLecturer consultations

clickUP

Class Other ICTPapervalue

admin

content

engagement

feedback & support

assessmentGrading & FeedbackSMSSynchronous softwareComputer-based Testing (QuestUP)

ActivitiesClickersAudio programmesSynchronous software Computer programmesSocial Networking (Wikis, blogs etc.)

Content, contextCD RomsVideosWeb sitesPodcastsRSS feeds

AdminEmailSMS

Examples of “ICT” mode

Student supportWhatsApp groupsFacebook groups

clickUP

Class Other Papervalue

admin

content

engagement

feedback & support

assessment

Examples of “clickUP” mode

clickUPICT

content

engagement

support

support

assessment &

feedback

admin

clickUP Learning Modules

56

Model Case 1 Case 2

Case 3 Case 4 Case 5

Activities

Assessment

Value added by mode

LMSClass Other

Overall value

A Diamond Metaphor to Promote a Flexible Blended Teaching and Learning Model (M. Lotriet et al)

Admin & course information

Module Page in clickUP

Content: Access to additional material

Copyright clearanceEvery year!

Content: Access to additional material

Content: clickUP Module

Content: Adaptive Release

Content: Adaptive release

Assessment: Assignments

Assessment: Assignments

Cultivate: Turnitin

ASSESSMENT: Plagiarism

Anti-Plagiarism SoftwareTurnitin: Originality Report

Management: Groups

Management: Groups

Collaboration

Collaboration in clickUP (Wiki, Blog, Journal & Discussion Forum

Discussion Board

e-Learning

• Tailor own blended learning course• Add value to course by –

Using contact time more productivelyEncouraging students to interact moreProvide support Exercising communication and collaboration

skills online with professional teamsSolving real life and workplace problems

e-Learning

• More flexible schedules than in contact teaching• Expand and contextualise the subject matter• Social connectedness • Increases interaction with content, co-students and

faculty• Achieve the required visual and technological literacy

required for prospective careers.

Blended learning benefits for students

Teaching components

Media or Mode of delivery

Class Other Paper ICT clickUP

Value added

Admin

Content

Engagement

Formative/Student Support/Feedback/

Summative Assessment

Situation analysis: Your teaching philosophyProfile of your studentsChallenges Affordances of your teaching situation

e-Learning

Activity 4

Start designing and let your diamond module sparkle

25 m

inut

es

4 & 5 November 2015Registration: CE@UP

e-Learning