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Structure
IntroductionTypesofGovernmentinteractioninegovernanceSomeinitiativesinthesamefieldNationalegovernancePlanRecentInitiativesmgovernanceGovernmentinitiativesformgovernanceAdvantagesofegovernanceDisadvantagesofegovernanceChallengesinegovernanceConclusion
Introduction
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TheeineGovernancestandsforelectronic.Thus,eGovernanceisbasicallyassociatedwithcarryingoutthefunctionsandachievingtheresultsofgovernancethroughtheutilizationofICT(InformationandCommunicationsTechnology).
WhileGovernancerelatestosafeguardingthelegalrightsofallcitizens,anequallyimportantaspectisconcernedwithensuringequitableaccesstopublicservicesandthebenefitsofeconomicgrowthtoall.Italsoensuresgovernmenttobetransparentinitsdealings,accountableforitsactivitiesandfasterinitsresponsesaspartofgoodgovernance.
However,thiswouldrequirethegovernmenttochangeitselfitsprocesses,itsoutlook,laws,rulesandregulationsandalsoitswayofinteractingwiththecitizens.ItwouldalsorequirecapacitybuildingwithinthegovernmentandcreationofgeneralawarenessabouteGovernanceamongthecitizens
ICTprovidesefficientstoringandretrievalofdata,instantaneoustransmissionofinformation,processinginformationanddatafasterthantheearliermanualsystems,speedingupgovernmentalprocesses,takingdecisionsexpeditiouslyandjudiciously,increasingtransparencyandenforcingaccountability.Italsohelpsinincreasingthereachofgovernmentbothgeographicallyanddemographically.
InIndia,themainthrustforeGovernancewasprovidedbythelaunchingofNICNETin1987thenationalsatellitebasedcomputernetwork.ThiswasfollowedbythelaunchoftheDistrictInformationSystemoftheNationalInformaticsCentre(DISNIC)programmetocomputerizealldistrictofficesinthecountryforwhichfreehardwareandsoftwarewasofferedtotheStateGovernments.NICNETwasextendedviatheStatecapitalstoalldistrictheadquartersby1990.Intheensuingyears,withongoingcomputerization,teleconnectivityandinternetconnectivityestablishedalargenumberofeGovernanceinitiatives,bothattheUnionandStatelevels.
TypesofGovernmentInteractioninegovernance.
G2G:GovernmenttoGovernment
4)IndianEconomy:ForCivilServicesExaminations6thEdition(2014)RameshSingh
5)IndianPolityforCivilServicesExaminations4thEditionLaxmikanth
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11)ChallengeAndStrategy:RethinkingIndia'sForeignPolicyRajivSikri
12)India'sForeignPolicyMuchkundDubey
13)HistoryoftheWorldfromtheLateNineteenthtotheEarlyTwentyFirstCenturyArjunDev
14)SocialProblemsinIndia2EditionRamAhuja
15)PoliticsandEthicsoftheIndianConstitution
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DAY1:InsightsSelfStudyGuideforPrelims+Mains2015
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G2C:GovernmenttoCitizenG2B:GovernmenttoBusinessG2E:GovernmenttoEmployee
SomeInitiativesinthesamefield
1. GovernmenttoCitizen(G2C)Initiatives:
ComputerizationofLandRecords:IncollaborationwithNIC.Ensuringthatlandownersgetcomputerizedcopiesofownership,cropandtenancyandupdatedcopiesofRecordsofRights(RoRs)ondemand.BhoomiProject:OnlinedeliveryofLandRecords.SelfsustainableeGovernanceprojectforthecomputerizeddeliveryof20millionrurallandrecordsto6.7millionfarmersthrough177GovernmentownedkiosksintheStateofKarnatakaGyandoot:ItisanIntranetbasedGovernmenttoCitizen(G2C)servicedeliveryinitiative.ItwasinitiatedintheDhardistrictofMadhyaPradeshinJanuary2000withthetwinobjectiveofprovidingrelevantinformationtotheruralpopulationandactingasaninterfacebetweenthedistrictadministrationandthepeople.LokvaniProjectinUttarPradesh:LokvaniisapublicprivatepartnershipprojectatSitapurDistrictinUttarPradeshwhichwasinitiatedinNovember,2004.Itsobjectiveistoprovideasinglewindow,selfsustainableeGovernancesolutionwithregardtohandlingofgrievances,landrecordmaintenanceandprovidingamixtureofessentialservices.ProjectFRIENDSinKerala:FRIENDS(Fast,Reliable,Instant,EfficientNetworkfortheDisbursementofServices)isaSingleWindowFacilityprovidingcitizensthemeanstopaytaxesandotherfinancialduestotheStateGovernment.TheservicesareprovidedthroughFRIENDSJanasevanaKendramslocatedinthedistrictheadquarters.eMitraProjectinRajasthan:eMitraisanintegratedprojecttofacilitatetheurbanandtheruralmasseswithmaximumpossibleservicesrelatedtodifferentstategovernmentdepartmentsthrough
17)CertificatePhysicalandHumanGeographyGohChengLeong
18)IndiasNationalSecurityAReader
19)IndianSocialSystemRamAhuja
PIBFEATURES
InflationFalls,GDPSurges
ModiFirmonuseofGreenTechnology
ProtectionofWomenfromDomesticViolenceAct(PMDVA)2005
UsingScienceandTechnologyforPeopleswelfare
GovernmentInitiativeonEaseofDoingBusiness
IndiasMoribundpowerwitnessesseachangeafterModilaunchesmajorinitiatives
AchievingtheobjectiveofSwachhandSwasthaBharat
MoresofIndianArtanditsEvolvingMedium
EnvironmentStewardshipProgrammeofNPCIJULY5,2015
29MAY,2015
RECENTCURRENTEVENTSPOSTS
InsightsDailyCurrentEvents,01June20151JUN,2015
InsightsDailyCurrentEvents,30May201530MAY,2015
InsightsDailyCurrentEvents:29May201529MAY,2015
InsightsDailyCurrentEvents,28May201528MAY,2015
InsightsDailyCurrentEvents,27May201527MAY,2015
RECENTSECURE2015POSTS
[InsightsSecure2015]UPSCMainsQuestionsonCurrentEvents:01June20151JUN,2015
[InsightsSecure2015]UPSCMainsQuestionsonCurrentEvents:30May201530MAY,2015
[InsightsSecure2015]UPSCMainsQuestionsonCurrent
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LokmitraJanmitraCenters/Kiosks.eSeva(AndhraPradesh):ThisprojectisdesignedtoprovideGovernmenttoCitizenandeBusinesstoCitizenservices.ThehighlightoftheeSevaprojectisthatalltheservicesaredeliveredonlinetoconsumers/citizensbyconnectingthemtotherespectivegovernmentdepartmentsandprovidingonlineinformationatthepointofservicedelivery.AdmissiontoProfessionalCollegesCommonEntranceTest(CET):Withtherapidgrowthinthedemandaswellassupplyofprofessionaleducation,theprocessofadmissiontotheseinstitutionsbecameamajorchallengeintheearly1990s.RecoursewasthentakentoICTtomaketheprocessofadmissiontransparentandobjective.OneofthepioneeringeffortswasmadebyKarnataka.TheStateGovernmentdecidedtoconductacommonentrancetestbasedonwhichadmissiontodifferentcollegesanddisciplineswasmade.
AgriculturalExtensionProgramme
RECENTCOMMENTS
Charmon9)Withsuitable
examplesdifferentiatebetweenhatespeechandfreespeech.Doyouthinkacademicinstitutionsshouldallowpoliticalandreligiousdebatestotakeplaceamongstudentgroupsintheircampuses?Criticallycomment.
RATNESHTHAKURonDAY
3:InsightsSelfStudyGuideforPrelims+Mains2015
HarishMeenaon1)Critically
commentonIndiasroleintheliberationandcreationofBangladeshin1971anditsconsequencesonIndiaspolitythen.
on2)Inanycase,rulingbyordinanceisaBritishlegacyofretainingcontrolbytheCrown.Inthelightofintroductionofcontroversialordinancesinrecentyearsbytheuniongovernment,criticallycommentonthestatement.
JDon2)Inanycase,ruling
byordinanceisaBritishlegacyofretainingcontrolbytheCrown.Inthelightofintroductionofcontroversial
Events:29May201529MAY,2015
[InsightsSecure2015]UPSCMainsQuestionsonCurrentEvents:28May201528MAY,2015
[InsightsSecure2015]UPSCMainsQuestionsonCurrentEvents:27May201527MAY,2015
THEHINDUNEWSANALYSIS
InsightsTheHinduNewsAnalysis:30May2015
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RECENTESSAYCHALLENGES
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1. GovernmenttoBusiness(G2B)Initiatives:
eProcurementProjectinAndhraPradeshandGujarat:Toreducethetimeandcostofdoingbusinessforbothvendorsandgovernment.MCA21:BytheMinistryofCorporateAffairs.TheprojectaimsatprovidingeasyandsecureonlineaccesstoallregistryrelatedservicesprovidedbytheUnionMinistryofCorporateAffairstocorporatesandotherstakeholdersatanytimeandinamannerthatbestsuitsthem.
1. GovernmenttoGovernment(G2G)Initiatives:
KhajaneProjectinKarnataka:ItisacomprehensiveonlinetreasurycomputerizationprojectoftheGovernmentofKarnataka.TheprojecthasresultedinthecomputerizationoftheentiretreasuryrelatedactivitiesoftheStateGovernmentandthesystemhastheabilitytotrackeveryactivityrightfromtheapprovaloftheStateBudgettothepointofrenderingaccountstothegovernment.SmartGov(AndhraPradesh):SmartGovhasbeendevelopedtostreamlineoperations,enhanceefficiencythroughworkflowautomationandknowledgemanagementforimplementationintheAndhraPradeshSecretariat.
NationalEgovernancePlan
TheNationaleGovernancePlan(NeGP)hasbeenformulatedbytheDepartmentofElectronicsandInformationTechnology(DEITY)and
ordinancesinrecentyearsbytheuniongovernment,criticallycommentonthestatement.
InsightsWeeklyEssayChallengeWeek19
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RAJYASABHATVNEWSDEBATES
TheBigPictureOneyearofNDAGovt:Defencesector30MAY,2015
TheBigPictureFDIinMultiBrandRetail:Whatisitsfate?27MAY,2015
TheBigPictureOneyearofNDAGovt:Howthesocialsectorhasfared?26MAY,2015
TheBigPictureIndiaSouthKoreaTies:WhereisitHeading?21MAY,2015
TheBigPicturePMModisChinaVisit:WhataretheTakeaways?20MAY,2015
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DepartmentofAdministrativeReformsandPublicGrievances(DARPG)in2006.
TheNeGPaimsatimprovingdeliveryofGovernmentservicestocitizensandbusinesseswiththefollowingvision:MakeallGovernmentservicesaccessibletothecommonmaninhislocality,throughcommonservicedeliveryoutletsandensureefficiency,transparency&reliabilityofsuchservicesataffordablecoststorealisethebasicneedsofthecommonman.
Centralgovernmentinitiativesasmissionmodeprojects(MMP)
eoffice
TheGovernmentofIndiahasrecognizedtheneedtomodernizetheCentralGovernmentofficesthroughtheintroductionofInformationandCommunicationsTechnology.eOfficeisaimedatincreasingtheusageofworkflowandrulebasedfilerouting,quicksearchandretrievaloffilesandofficeorders,digitalsignaturesforauthentication,formsandreportingcomponents.
Immigration,VisaandForeignersRegistration&Tracking(IVFRT)
Indiahasemergedasakeytouristdestination,besidesbeingamajorbusinessandservicehub.ImmigrationCheckPostisthefirstpointofcontactthatgeneratespublicandpopularperceptionaboutthecountry,thusnecessitatingastateoftheartsystemforpromptanduserfriendlyservices.
UID
Theuniqueidentificationprojectwasconceivedasaninitiativethatwouldprovideidentificationforeachresidentacrossthecountryandwouldbeusedprimarilyasthebasisforefficientdeliveryofwelfareservices.Itwouldalsoactasatoolforeffectivemonitoringofvariousprogramsandschemesofthegovernment.
Pensions
ThepensionsMMPisprimarilyaimedatmakingthepension/retirement
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relatedinformation,servicesandgrievanceshandlingmechanismaccessibleonlinetotheneedypensioners,throughacombinationofinteractiveandnoninteractivecomponents,andthus,helpbridgethegapbetweenthepensionersandthegovernment.
Banking
TheBankingMMPisyetanothersteptowardsimprovingoperationalefficiencyandreducingthedelaysandeffortsinvolvedinhandlingandsettlingtransactions.TheMMPwhichisbeingimplementedbythebankingindustryaimsatstreamliningvariouseservicesinitiativesundertakenbyindividualbanks.Implementationisbeingdonebythebanksconcerned,withthebankingDepartmentprovidingabroadframeworkandguidance.
Posts
ModernizationofPostalServiceshasbeenundertakenbytheDepartmentofPoststhroughcomputerizationandnetworkingofallpostofficesusingacentralserverbasedsystem,andsettingupofcomputerizedregistrationcenters(CRCs).
StateMissionModeprojects
eGovernanceinMunicipalities
ItisauniqueinitiativeoftheGovernmentofIndiaconceptualizedundertheumbrellaofthe
overallNationaleGovernancePlan(NeGP)andtheJawaharlalNehruNationalUrbanRenewal
Mission(Jnnurm)aimedatimprovingoperationalefficiencieswithinUrbanLocalBodies
(ULBs).
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CrimeandCriminalTrackingNetwork&Systems
CrimeandCriminalTrackingNetwork&Systems(CCTNS)MMPaimsatcreatingacomprehensiveandintegratedsystemforenhancingtheefficiencyandeffectivepolicingatalllevelsandespeciallyatthePoliceStationlevelthroughadoptionofprinciplesofeGovernance,andcreationofanationwidenetworkedinfrastructureforevolutionofITenabledstateofthearttrackingsystem.
PublicDistributionSystem
ComputerizationofthePDSisenvisagedasanendtoendprojectcoveringkeyfunctionalareassuchassupplychainmanagementincludingallocationandutilizationreporting,storageandmovementoffoodgrains,grievanceredressalandtransparencyportal,digitizationofbeneficiarydatabase,FairPriceShopautomation,etc.
Health
ICTforprogrammemanagementhasbeenundertakenbytheMinistryofHealth&FamilyWelfareintheMotherandChildTrackingSystem(MCTS)
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programmeandtheMinistryenvisagesamorecomprehensiveuseofICTincludingforHospitalInformationSystems,supplychainmanagementfordrugsandvaccines,providingICTtoolstoASHAandANMworkers,programmemanagementofNationalRuralHealthMission(NRHM),etcthroughthisMMP.
epanchayat
ThePanchayatiRajInstitutions(PRIs)aresaddledwiththeproblemsofinadequatephysicalandfinancialresources,technicalcapabilitiesandextremelylimitedcomputerization.Asaresult,thepotentialofPRIsasthepreferreddeliverychannelfortheschemesofStateandCentreaswellasforcitizenserviceshasnotbeenfullyrealized.WhilesomecomputerizationeffortsforPRIshavebeenmadebyNICovertheyears,theeGovernancerevolutionsweepingthecountryhasnottouchedthePRIsyetinsignificantmeasure.TheMinistryofPanchayatiRaj,GovernmentofIndiahasthereforedecidedtotakeupthecomputerizationofPRIsonamissionmodebasis.
eDistrict
eDistrictisoneofthe31MissionModeProjectsunderNationaleGovernancePlan(NeGP)withtheDIT,GoIbeingthenodalministry.Thisprojectaimsatprovidingsupporttothebasicadministrativeuniti.e.DistrictAdministrationbyundertakingbackendcomputerizationtoenableelectronicdeliveryofhighvolumecitizencentricgovernmentserviceswhichwouldoptimallyleverage
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andutilizethethreeinfrastructurepillarsofStateWideAreaNetworks(SWAN),StateDataCenters(SDC)andCommonServiceCenters(CSCs)todeliverservicestothecitizenathisdoorsteps.
NationalLandRecordsModernizationProgramme(NLRMP)
AProjectforComputerizationofLandRecords(CLR)waslaunchedin198889withtheintentiontoremovetheinherentflawsinthemanualsystemofmaintenanceandupdationofLandRecords.In199798,theschemewasextendedtotehsilstostartdistributionofRecordsofRightstolandownersondemand.Thefocusoftheentireoperationhasalwaysbeentoemploystateoftheartinformationtechnology(IT)togalvanizeandtransformtheexistinglandrecordssystemofthecountry.
IntegratedMissionModeProjects
eprocurement
MinistryofCommerce&Industry(DepartmentofCommerce)hasbeennominatedastheNodalMinistryforimplementationofeGovernmentProcurement(eGP)MissionModeProjects(MMP).ThevisionoftheeProcurementMMPisTocreateanationalinitiativetoimplementprocurementreforms,throughtheuseofelectronicGovernmentprocurement,soastomakepublicprocurementinallsectorsmoretransparentandefficient.
eCourts
TheeCourtMissionModeProject(MMP)wasconceptualizedwithavisiontotransformtheIndianjudiciarybymakinguseoftechnology.Theprojecthadbeendeveloped,followingthereportsubmittedbytheeCommitteeunderSupremeCourtonnationalpolicy&actionplanonimplementationofinformationcommunicationtoolsinIndianjudiciary.
Aclearobjectivetoreengineerprocessesandenhancejudicialproductivitybothqualitativelyandquantitativelytomakethejusticedeliverysystem
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affordable,accessible,costeffective,transparentandaccountable.
eBiz
TheeBizMissionModeProject,beingexecutedbyDepartmentofIndustrialPolicyandPromotion(DIPP),MinistryofCommerceandIndustry,GovernmentofIndia,wasconceptualizedwiththevision.ItsvisionisTotransformthebusinessenvironmentinthecountrybyprovidingefficient,convenient,transparentandintegratedelectronicservicestoinvestors,industriesandbusinessthroughoutthebusinesslifecycle.
CommonServicesCentres
TheCSCswouldprovidehighqualityandcosteffectivevideo,voiceanddatacontentandservices,intheareasofegovernance,education,health,telemedicine,entertainmentaswellasotherprivateservices.AhighlightoftheCSCsisthatitwillofferwebenabledegovernanceservicesinruralareas,includingapplicationforms,certificates,andutilitypaymentssuchaselectricity,telephoneandwaterbills.
RecentInitiatives
DirectCashtransfer
TofacilitatedisbursementsofGovernmententitlementslikeNREGA,SocialSecuritypension,HandicappedOldAgePensionetc.ofanyCentralorStateGovernmentbodies,usingAadhaarandauthenticationthereofassupportedbyUIDAI.
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AadharEnabledPaymentsystem(AEPS):
AEPSisabankledmodelwhichallowsonlineinteroperablefinancialinclusiontransactionthroughtheBusinesscorrespondentofanybankusingtheAadhaarauthentication.Thishashelpedinfinancialinclusion.ThefourAadhaarenabledbasictypesofbankingtransactionsareasfollows:
BalanceEnquiryCashWithdrawalCashDepositAadhaartoAadhaarFundsTransfer
DigitalIndiaprogram
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ThisprogrammehasbeenenvisagedbyDepartmentofElectronicsandInformationTechnology(DeitY).ThevisionofDigitalIndiaaimstotransformthecountryintoadigitallyempoweredsocietyandknowledgeeconomy.Theprogrammewillbeimplementedinphasesfromthecurrentyeartill2018.
TheDigitalIndiaistransformationalinnatureandwouldensurethatGovernmentservicesareavailabletocitizenselectronically.Itwouldalsobringinpublicaccountabilitythroughmandateddeliveryofgovernmentsserviceselectronically,aUniqueIDandePramaanbasedonauthenticandstandardbasedinteroperableandintegratedgovernmentapplicationsanddatabasis.
Theprogramaimsatprovidingdigitalinfrastructureasautilitytoeverycitizenaswellashighspeedinternetasacoreutilityinallgrampanchayats.TheoverallscopeofthisprogramistoprepareIndiaforaknowledgefuture,tomaketechnologycentraltoenablingchangeandtobecomeanumbrellaprogramcoveringmanydepartments
MyGovcitizenportal
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PrimeMinisterlaunchedanonlineplatformmygov.nic.intoengagecitizensinthetaskofgood
governance(surajya)ashecompleted60daysinofficeonSaturday.MyGovisatechnologydriven
platformthatwouldprovidepeoplewiththeopportunitytocontributetowardsgoodgovernance.
EKrantischeme
Thisisprojectforlinkingtheinternetwithremotevillagesinthecountry.Thisschemewillbroadenthereachofinternetservicestotheruralareasinthecountry.Thefundamentalfeaturesofthisschemewillbemakingtherecordshandytothegovernmentwithease.ItalsoincludesExpansionofinternetandcommencementofITbasedjobsinruralareas.Itwillalsoboosttheuseofmobilephonesandcomputersinruralareas.ItwillalsoexpandtheuseofITinagricultureandretailtradetoo.
DigitalCloudforeveryIndian
Certificatesissuedbythegovernmenteducation,residential,medicalrecords,birthcertificates,etc.aretobestoredinindividualdigitallockersandacommunicationprotocolestablishedforgovernmentdepartmentstoaccessthemwithoutphysicallyhavingtoseethehardcopy.Thepurposeof
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governmentisthatcopiesofcertificatesissuedbythegovernmentitselfnottobecarriedaroundbypeopletogovernmentofficesforvariousservices.
Mgovernance
MGovernanceisnotareplacementforeGovernance,ratheritcomplementseGovernance.MGovernance,istheuseofmobileorwirelesstoimproveGovernanceserviceandinformationanytime,anywhere.MobileapplicationsalsorelyongoodbackofficeICTinfrastructureandworkprocesses.Ithaspotentialofusingmobilephonesasinputdevicesincertainareaswherelastmileconnectivitybecomesissuesforsimpledatainputsofcriticalimportancefordecisionmakingingovernmentdepartments.
MGovernanceisnotanewconcept.TheprivatesectorhasbeengreatlyleveragingtheseofmobilephonesfordeliveryofvalueaddedservicesforthefollowingwhichhoweveraremostlySMSbased:Banking,Media,Airlines,Telecom,Entertainment,News,Sports,Astrology,andMovieTicketsEtc.
Mgovernancehasincreasedtheproductivityofpublicservicepersonnel,improvingthedeliveryofgovernmentinformationandservices,increasing
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channelsforpublicinteractionsandLowercostsleadingtohigherparticipationofpeople.
RecentthrusttomgovernanceisbeingprovidedthroughUSSDServicesUnstructuredSupplementaryServicesData(USSD)isasessionbasedserviceunlikesmswhichisstoreandforwardservice.Itcanbeusedbytheusertosendcommandtoanapplicationintextformat.USSDactsasatriggerfortheapplication
Governmentinitiativesformgovernance
MobileSeva
Itaimstoprovidegovernmentservicestothepeoplethroughmobilephonesandtablets.Ithasbeendevelopedasthecoreinfrastructureforenablingtheavailabilityofpublicservicesthroughmobiledevices.
MobileSevaenablestheintegrationofthemobileplatformwiththecommoneGovernanceinfrastructureconsistingofStateDataCenters(SDCs),StateWideAreaNetworks(SWANs),StateandNationalServiceDeliveryGateways(SSDGs/NSDG).
Itenablesagovernmentdepartmenttointegratebothwebandmobilebasedservicesseamlesslyandenhancestheaccesstoelectronicservicestremendouslyleveragingtheveryhighpenetrationofmobilephones,especiallyinruralareas
AMobileApplicationsStore(mAppStore)hasalsobeendevelopedbyDeitYaspartofMobileSeva.TheMobileGovernancePortalandthemAppStorecanbeaccessedathttp://mgov.gov.in/.ThemAppstorecurrentlyhostsover240livemobileapplications.Theliveapplicationscanbedownloadedandinstalledfreeofcostonamobilephonebyanyperson.
Theproject,mobilesevahaswonthesecondprizeattheprestigiousUnitedNationsPublicServicesAwardsinthecategoryPromotingWholeofGovernmentApproachesintheInformationAgeforAsiaPacific.
Afewyearsago,KeralalaunchedDr.SMS,anmhealthinformation
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system,forprovidinginformationonmedicalfacilitiesavailableinthelocalityoftheresident.Goafollowed,withamobilegovernanceinitiativeforissuingalertsforreceiptofgovernmentapplicationsandcomplaintsandstatustracking.NextcameMaharashtra.Itadoptedasimilartrafficmanagementsystemthroughmobilealerts.AlaudableinitiativelaunchedbytheGreaterHyderabadMunicipalCorporationinSeptembertriestousetechnologyinamobilephonebasedIntelligentGarbageMonitoringSystemenablessanitarysupervisorstoreportthestatusofcleaningofgarbagebinsthroughtheirGPSenabledmobilephones.Centralisedreportsaswellasthoseofindividualbinscanbegeneratedwiththesystem.
Advantagesofegovernance
FollowingaretheadvantagesofEGovernance
Speed:Technologymakescommunicationspeedier.Internet,Phones,CellPhoneshavereducedthetimetakeninnormalcommunication.
CostReduction:MostoftheGovernmentexpenditureisappropriatedtowardsthecostofstationary.Paperbasedcommunicationneedslotsofstationary,printers,computers,etc.whichcallsforcontinuousheavyexpenditure.InternetandPhonesmakescommunicationcheapersaving
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valuablemoneyfortheGovernment.
Transparency:UseofICTmakesgoverningprofesstransparent.AlltheinformationoftheGovernmentwouldbemadeavailableontheinternet.Thecitizenscanseetheinformationwhenevertheywanttosee.ButthisisonlypossiblewheneverypieceofinformationoftheGovernmentisuploadedontheinternetandisavailableforthepublictoperuse.Currentgoverningprocessleavesmanywaystoconcealtheinformationfromallthepeople.ICThelpsmaketheinformationavailableonlineeliminatingallthepossibilitiesofconcealingofinformation.
Accountability:OncethegoverningprocessismadetransparenttheGovernmentisautomaticallymadeaccountable.AccountabilityisanswerabilityoftheGovernmenttothepeople.ItistheanswerabilityforthedeedsoftheGovernment.AnaccountableGovernmentisaresponsibleGovernment.
Convenience:EGovernmentbringspublicservicestocitizensontheirscheduleandtheirvenue.
ImprovedCustomerService:EGovernmentallowstoredeployresourcesfrombackendprocessingtothefrontlineofcustomerservice.
Increasedaccesstoinformation:EGovernmentimprovestheaccessibilityofgovernmentinformationtocitizensallowingitbecomeanimportantresourceinthemakingthedecisionsthataffectdailylifeandsoithelpsinempowermentofcitizens
Disadvantagesofegovernance
Electronicgovernmentsalsoconsistoncertaindisadvantage.Themaindisadvantageofanelectronicgovernmentistomovethegovernmentservicesintoanelectronicbasedsystem.Thissystemlosesthepersontopersoninteractionwhichisvaluedbyalotofpeople.Inaddition,theimplementationofanegovernmentserviceisthat,withmanytechnologybasedservices,itisofteneasytomaketheexcuse(e.g.theserverhasgonedown)thatproblemswiththeserviceprovidedarebecauseofthe
6/1/2015 EgovernanceinIndia:Concept,InitiativesandIssues|INSIGHTS
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technology.Theimplementationofanegovernmentdoeshavecertainconstraints.Literacyoftheusersandtheabilitytousethecomputer,userswhodonotknowhowtoreadandwritewouldneedassistance.Anexamplewouldbetheseniorcitizens.Ingeneral,seniorcitizensdonothavemuchcomputereducationandtheywouldhavetoapproachacustomerserviceofficerforassistance.Andalsoincaseofruralpeople,itgivesscopeformiddleman,whodistorttheinformation.StudieshaveshownthatthereispotentialforareductionintheusabilityofgovernmentonlineduetofactorssuchastheaccesstoInternettechnologyandusabilityofservicesandtheabilitytoaccesstocomputersEventhoughthelevelofconfidenceinthesecurityofferedbygovernmentwebsitesarehigh,thepublicarestillconcernedoversecurity,fearofspamfromprovidingemailaddresses,andgovernmentretentionoftransactionorinteractionhistory.TherehasbeengrowingconcernabouttheprivacyofdatabeingcollectedaspartofUIDproject.ThesecurityofcyberspaceandmisuseofdataisstillholdingbackthecitizenstofulladaptationofAadharcard.
Challengesinegovernance
TherearelargenumbersofpotentialbarriersintheimplementationofeGovernance.Somehindranceinthepathofimplementation,likesecurity,unequalaccesstothecomputertechnologybythecitizen,highinitialcostforsettinguptheegovernmentsolutionsandresistancetochange.Challengesidentifiedastrust,resistancetochange,digitaldivide,costandprivacyandsecurityconcerns.
Trust
Trustcanbedefinedalongtwodimensions:asanassessmentofacurrentsituation,orasaninnatepersonalitytraitorpredisposition.Theimplementationofpublicadministrationfunctionsviaegovernmentrequiresthepresenceoftwolevelsoftrust.Thefirstisthattheusermustbeconfident,comfortableandtrustingofthetoolortechnologywithwhichtheywillinteract.Theseconddimensionoftrustpertainstotrustofthegovernment].
Therehastobeabalancebetweenensuringthatasystempreventsfraudulent
6/1/2015 EgovernanceinIndia:Concept,InitiativesandIssues|INSIGHTS
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transactionsandtheburdenthatextensivecheckscantakeplaceonpeoplewhoarehonest.
Recently,confidentialinformationonmilitaryveteranswascompromisedwhenacomputercontainingtheirpersonalinformationwaslost.Thistypeofincidentcanerodetrustanduserconfidenceingovernmentsystems.Trust,alongwithfinancialsecurity,aretwocriticalfactorslimitingtheadoptionofegovernmentservices.
Resistancetochange
Theinnovationdiffusiontheorystatesthatovertimeaninnovationwilldiffusethroughapopulation,andtherateofadoptionwillvarybetweenthosewhoadoptearly,referredtoasearlyadoptersandtothosewhoadopttheinnovationmuchlater,referredtoaslaggards.
TheresistanttochangephenomenoncanexplainmuchofthehesitationthatoccursonthepartofconstituentsinmovingfromapaperbasedtoaWebbasedsystemforinteractingwithgovernment.
Citizens,employeesandbusinessescanallhavetheirbiaseswithrespecttohowtransactionsshouldbeprocessed.However,governmententitiesandpublicpolicyadministratorscannotignorethechangesthatoccurasaresultoftheimplementationofinformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT
Educationaboutthevalueofthenewsystemsisonesteptowardreducingsomeoftheexistingresistance.Itcanalsobeparticularlyusefulforaleaderormanager,tobuyintothenewsystematanearlystageintheadoptionprocess
DigitalDivide
Thedigitaldividereferstotheseparationthatexistsbetweenindividuals,communities,andbusinessesthathaveaccesstoinformationtechnologyandthosethatdonothavesuchaccess.
Social,economic,infrastructuralandethnolinguisticindicatorsprovideexplanationsforthepresenceofthedigitaldivide.
6/1/2015 EgovernanceinIndia:Concept,InitiativesandIssues|INSIGHTS
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Economicpovertyiscloselyrelatedtolimitedinformationtechnologyresources
Anindividuallivingbelowpovertylinedoesnotaffordacomputerforhimselftoharnessthebenefitsofegovernmentandotheronlineservices.Asthedigitaldividenarrows,broaderadoptionofegovernmentinthepublicdomainbecomespossible.Economicpovertyisnottheonlycauseofdigitaldivide.Itcanalsobecausedbythelackofawarenessamongthepeople.Evensomeoftheeconomicstablepeopledontknowaboutthescopeofegovernance.
Awarenesscanonlyhelptobringuserstothatservicedeliverychannelonce.Itcannotguaranteesustaineduseofthesystemunlessthesystemisalsodesignedinsuchawayastodeliversatisfactoryoutcome.Proceduresneedtobesimplifiedtodeliverconcretebenefitsandclearguidelinesprovidedtoencouragetheirusebytheactualendusersandreduceusersdependenceonmiddlemen/intermediaries
Cost
CostisoneofthemostimportantprohibitingfactorthatcomesinthepathofegovernanceimplementationparticularlyinthedevelopingcountrieslikeIndiawheremostofthepeoplelivingbelowthepovertyline.Electedofficersandpoliticiandontseemtobeinterestedinimplementingegovernance
PrivacyandSecurity
Therewillbethreebasiclevelsofaccessexistsforegovernmentstakeholders:noaccesstoaWebservicelimitedaccesstoaWebserviceorfullaccesstoaWebservice,howeverwhenpersonalsensitivedataexiststheformationofthesecurityaccesspolicyisamuchmorecomplexprocesswithlegalconsideration.Withtheimplementationofegovernmentprojects,effectivemeasuresmustbetakentoprotectsensitivepersonalinformation.Alackofclearsecuritystandardsandprotocolscanlimitthedevelopmentofprojectsthatcontainsensitiveinformationsuchasincome,medicalhistory.
Conclusion
6/1/2015 EgovernanceinIndia:Concept,InitiativesandIssues|INSIGHTS
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19Comments INSIGHTS AishwaryaSharma
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SyenaSamdrs 6monthsagoSeaofknowledge.Whatagreatcompilationofallthefactsandpoints.KudostoInsightsOnIndia.
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ShainaSingh 6monthsagoNotveryeffectivecoverage.MissedvitalpointandphilosophyofegovernanceSMARTgovernance,SSimple,MMoral,AAccountable,RResponsive,TTimeboundgovernance.
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WehaveseenhowtheconceptofegovernanceandmgovernancehasevolvedinIndianscenarioandhowmuchitisrequiredfortransparencyandaccountabilityonthepartofgovernmentandatthesametimeitisalsoatolltoincreasetheparticipationofpeopleinpolicymakingbyempoweringthemwiththerightinformationatrighttime.Thepenetrationofinternet,telecommunicationservicesinIndiahasincreasedinthelastdecadeandthisgivesarayofhopetothecitizensofIndiatofightwiththelongpersistingproblemsofpoverty,corruption,regionaldisparityandunemployment.Butatthesametime,duetoslowpaceofprojectcompletion,redtapeandresistancefromthesideofgovernmentemployeesandcitizenstoohasnotgiventhedesiredresult.
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6/1/2015 EgovernanceinIndia:Concept,InitiativesandIssues|INSIGHTS
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boundgovernance.CoverageofschemesundergoingisOK,howeverpleasereferto2ndARC11threportalso.
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wellwisher 6monthsago>ShainaSinghlookatthissuerheroorabigzerodoonethingexammeiapneekpointkolikhaanasamjheeLOSERandIDIOT
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HarshitBansal 6monthsago>wellwisherButherpointabout2ndarc11reportisvalid.Youarewritingupscandtheyneedofficialviewormentionatleast.
HoweverSMARTgovernanceconceptisdifferentfromegovernance.Itissaidthategovernanceshouldbesmartaswell,butSMARTconceptsholdstrueforotherformsofgovernanceaswell.
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vineet amonthago>wellwisherPlzdonotturnthisforumintoauglysocialmediaspot...whatkindofpersonareu?suchascantregardformannerismasevidentinurcommentreflectsurpersonalityonly,preparationofthisexamismorethanmaterialsuccessinlifeorinCSE,itisaboutvision,wisdom,empathyandhumility...iamnotlecturingubutsurelyuneedtomendurwaysspeciallyhowtobehavewithladies.
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Ashmit 6monthsago>ShainaSinghitwouldbeveryniceofyou,ifyouaddwhateverhasbeenmissed...ifyouthinkitisimportant.
Maybeyourpointswillmakethisarticlericher!!
Thanksinadvance.
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Ranjith 6monthsagonicearticle:)
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Zombie 6monthsagoVrycomprehensivearticle....awesome
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raunak 6monthsago
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6/1/2015 EgovernanceinIndia:Concept,InitiativesandIssues|INSIGHTS
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raunak 6monthsagoExcellent!!Indebtedtotheauthor.Godbless
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liberty 6monthsagoGreatarticleforrevisingquicklythankyousir
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ROHITKUMARPATEL 5monthsagoexcelent
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SarojitPal 6monthsagoCanyoupleasegetridoftheimagesintheprintpage,paperconsumptionwillbefarlesserinthatcase.
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guest 6monthsagoQ:governancein'e'and'e'ingovernanceboththisstatementarecontractionallyorsimilar.ellustrate
plzzzguysdocomment
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manny 6monthsagoNicearticle
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bha14 6monthsagowelldone,insightsteam!
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Tamil_Magan 6monthsagoTodayonlyreadyourarticlesforthefirsttime,amfollowingmrunal.org.Frommypointofview,heisbestatcurrenteventsandclearcuttopics.YouaregoodatthesekindofcriticletopicswhichevenHinduFrontline...noonecanexplainlikeyou.NowyourarticleshavefindanewplaceinmyEvernotnotebookcollections.Thanksalot.
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Imkalam 6monthsagothebest.
Ayan 6monthsagoNicecomposition...Butifound1linetobeveryfunnyinurarticle...Ingeneral,seniorcitizensdonothavemucheducation...Haha...isthatso...
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6/1/2015 EgovernanceinIndia:Concept,InitiativesandIssues|INSIGHTS
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Reply Haha...isthatso...
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Eklavya 6monthsago>AyanItsabouttheirComputerknowledge....whatsfunnyinthat?Thatistrue...justlookaroundyourselfinthesociety!
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