DRONE:DRONE:UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLEUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE

Seminar Co-Ordinator:Mr. A.K.SinghMr. A.K.Singh

Seminar Presented by:Ajit Pal SinghAjit Pal Singh

IntroductionIntroduction IntroductionIntroduction

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), known as a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot.

Drone stands for Dynamic Remotely Operated Navigation Equipment

Its flight is either controlled autonomously by computers or under the remote control of a pilot on the ground

Birth of UAV’sBirth of UAV’s

The earliest attempt at a powered unmanned aerial vehicle was A. M. Low's "Aerial Target" of 1916

After World War-I, including the first scale RPV, developed by the film star and model airplane enthusiast Reginald Denny in 1935

The birth of U.S. UAVs began in 1959 when United States Air Force officers, concerned about losing pilots over hostile territory.

The August 2 &4, 1964,U.S. Navy initiated America's highly classified UAVs into their first combat missions of the Vietnam War.

UAV is a “System”UAV is a “System”UAV is a “System”UAV is a “System”

Sub-System of UAVsSub-System of UAVsCOMMUNICATIONS:-

Operates on ultra high frequencyCommunicates with ku-band systemOperates with uplink frequencies from 15.15 to 15.35 GHz and downlink frequency 14.40 GHz to 14.83 GHz

NAVIGATION:-

Avionics use satellite based system such as GPS and WAASIt calculates position automatically

MONITORING:-

Includes GPS system

High resolution video camera

Super high resolution still camera

COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM:-

Use traffic and collision system

Smaller aircraft use simple traffic alerting system

Aircraft use ground proximity warning system

WEATHER SYSTEM:-Use weather radar and lighting detector system

*Rustom is a Medium Altitude Long Endurance unmanned combat air vehicle being developed by DRDO.

*Digital Flight Control and Navigation System, Automatic Take off and Landing.

*Aerodynamic configurations, High aspect ratio wing, Composite airframe integrated with propulsion system, De-icing system for wings

DRDO NishantDRDO Nishant

*The DRDO Nishant is an developed by India's ADE .

*Day/night capability training vehicle.

*Its range of Service ceiling:3,600 m (upto 11,800 ft)

Lakshya is an Indian remotely piloted high speed target drone system developed by ADE of DRDO.

Service ceiling: 9,000 m (29,528 ft) 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) with towed target.

Launch: Rocket Assisted

LAKSHYA PTALAKSHYA PTA

US Drone-Global Hawk:US Drone-Global Hawk:*Length-13.5m

*Wingspam-35.4m

*Height-4.6m

*Empty-Weight-3850kg

*Max loaded weight-10400kg

*Maximum speed-650kmph

*Service ceiling-20000m

*Endurance-34hours

Indian Drone-Rustom-HIndian Drone-Rustom-H::*Length-9.5m

*Wingspam-20.6m

*Height-6.1m

*Empty weight-1800kg

*Max loaded weight-2150kg

*Maximum Speed-225kmph

*Service ceiling-10668m

*Endurance-14hours

UAV vs. Manned AircraftUAV vs. Manned AircraftRemotely piloted vehicles will never fully replace manned

aircraft

They can perform an increasingly sophisticated array of missions due to their small size and decreased radar.

To wholly replace man would be expensive and technically risky.

UAS should be only considered for certain types of missions for which it can be a cost effective

With a continuing trend of miniaturization in electronics, the UAV can be made much smaller and cheaper

Size largely determined by the size of the payload,

*IN COUNTER TERRORISM ACTIVITY:IN COUNTER TERRORISM ACTIVITY:

*IN COMMERCIAL AERIAL SURVEILLANCE:IN COMMERCIAL AERIAL SURVEILLANCE:

IN OIL, GAS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION & IN OIL, GAS AND MINERAL EXPLORATION & PRODUCTION:PRODUCTION:

IN TRANSPORTIN TRANSPORT

IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHIN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

IN ARMED ATTACKSIN ARMED ATTACKS

IN SEARCH & RESCUEIN SEARCH & RESCUE

Does not contain, or need, a qualified pilot on board

Can enter environments that are dangerous to human life

Reduces the exposure risk of the aircraft operator

Performing visual or thermal imaging of a region

Measuring cell phone, radio, or, TV coverage over any terrain

Can be programmed to complete the mission autonomously even when contact with its GCS is lost

Immoral

Civilian casualties

Angers many people in foreign countries(infringe upon sovereignty)

Can be hacked or given viruses

Too small for transportation of materials

Low resistance to weather

Cannot refuel in flight

If contact is lost with the ground station, the vehicle may be lost.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONUnmanned Aerial Vehicles are an exciting field in

the world of aviation, with new discoveries. Over the next 16 years, UAVs will become a significant component of military, civil, and perhaps even commercial aviation.

However, the very dynamic nature of the field also creates a significant amount of uncertainty. The wide range of UAV physical and performance characteristics, many of which will be very unlike any current aircraft, will place additional challenges on an air traffic management system.