VIRTOPSY- A VIRTOPSY- A REVIEWREVIEW
Dr. Arvind KumarDr. Arvind Kumar
Senior Demonstrator
Deptt. Of Forensic Medicine
UCMS
DELHI-110095
VIRTOPSYVIRTOPSY
Coined by Dr. Michael J Thali et al
VIRTOPSY= virtual + Autopsy
Essentials of virtopsyEssentials of virtopsy
Multi-slice Computed Tomography (MSCT)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
3-D/ CAD Photogrammetry
Application of VirtopsyApplication of Virtopsy
Atrium Mortis
Relevant forensic patho-morphologic findings
Forensic Vital reactions
Reconstruction of Injuries
Recapitulation and Visualization
Varying density values in a 3D MSCT reconstruction in a case of blunt trauma to the head.
3D reconstruction of a skull fracture system from the MSCT data in a case of a motor vehicle accident with the victim
having been run over by a car
Coronal T2 weighted MR image showing wound track
(arrows) through the brain in a suicidal gunshot case
Gadolinium enhanced MRI of patient with lateral wall myocardial infarction. Four chamber view of heart with
bright signal in lateral wall of left ventricle (LV).
Figure showing comparison of spectrum from a human brain with a PMI of about 520 hours (a) and one with a PMI of 57 hours (b)
Merits and DemeritsMerits and DemeritsMerits
* observer independent* reproducible* non invasive* illustrative visualization* forensic telemedicine
consultation
Demerits* MRI was unable to
# image coronary artery lesions
# differentiate thrombus from postmortem clot
# differentiate pulmonary oedema from
pneumonic exudates# detect perinatal cardiac
malformations
* lack of validation* interpretative problems in
advanced decomposition
* considerably high costs* time consuming
ConclusionConclusion
The conventional method of Autopsy is still the gold standard
The use of imaging technology should be an autopsy adjunct rather than a replacement
Thank Thank youyou