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DAIRY HERD MANAGEMENTDAIRY HERD MANAGEMENT
DrDr.. AvijitAvijit DeyDey
B.V.ScB.V.Sc. & A.H., M.V. Sc. (NDRI), Ph.D. (IVRI). & A.H., M.V. Sc. (NDRI), Ph.D. (IVRI)
andandDr.Dr. BiswajitBiswajit RoyRoy
B.V.ScB.V.Sc. & A.H., M.V. Sc. (NDRI), Ph.D.. & A.H., M.V. Sc. (NDRI), Ph.D. (NDRI)(NDRI)
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PURPOSE OF ANIMAL REARING
MILK
MEAT
HIDE
2
WOOL & HAIR
FUEL & FERTILIZER (COW DUNG)
TRANSPORTATION (BULLOCK CART)
PLOUGHING
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Ploughing
3
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Transportation
4
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Transportation of Milk
5
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Transportation
6
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ASPECTS OF LIVESOCK MANAGEMENT
BREEDING
FEEDING
BREEDING
FEEDING
WEEDING
HEEDING
WEEDING
HEEDINGHOUSINGHOUSING
HYGIENE & SANITATIONHYGIENE & SANITATION
CARE OF ANIMALSCARE OF ANIMALS
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BREEDING
Selection of breed
Bred at proper age
8
Avoid haphazard breeding
Maintain record
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BREEDING
9
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FEEDING
Sorghum /maize/pearl millet 30 kg
Rice bran/wheat bran 30 kg
Groundnut cake 25 kg
Toor chuni/ gram husk: 12 kg
Mineral mixture 2kg
Composition of concentrate mixture
10
Common salt 1kg
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Treatment of Straw
11
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Heeding (Culling)
12
Culled cow after 6th lactation
Disease; Mastitis, Brucellosis,
Injury; cut teats, damaged teats Permanent disable cow; leg, feet
Major reproductive problems
Male calves at early age
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HOUSING
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HOUSING
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Model Cattle Shed
15
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Mist Cooling System
16
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Covered area (m2
) Open area(m2
)
Bulls 12 120
Cows 3.5 7.0
Floor Space Requirement
17
Down calvers 12.0 12.0
Young calves
upto 3 months
1.0 2.0
Older calves 2.0 4.0
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Management of Heifer
Monitor growth
Come to heat at 18 months of age
Re ular dewormin
18
Regular vaccination
Feeding; extra 0.5-1.0kg concentrate given
form 6 month
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Age Determination
Time of eruption Incisors (lower jaw)
Birth 1month All 8 temporary incisors
-st
19
.3yrs- 3.5 yrs 2nd pair of permanent incisors
4yrs- 4.5 yrs 3rd pair of permanent incisors
5yrs- 5.5 yrs 4th pair of permanent incisors
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Care of Pregnant Cow
Feeding; extra 0.5-1.0kg concentrate given
form 6 month
Method of Drying (stop milking)
20
Incomplete milking
Intermittent milking
Complete cessation
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Care of advanced Pregnant Cow
Feeding; extra 1.0-1.5kg concentrate given
Provide mineral mixture
Provide green fodder
21
o c ase y e og, u or o er an ma s
Do not allow to fight with other animals
Bedding should be provided
Slippery floor avoided
Close watching of the animal
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ParturitionParturition
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ParturitionParturition
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Management of New Born CalvesManagement of New Born Calves
Remove mucous from the calf's mouth and nose.Vigorously rub and dry the calf with warm towels.
Feed the calf approx. 3 liters (3 quarts) of colostrum
within 30 minutes of birth and continue 4 days.
ava cor - e . cm
Alternate to colostrum; 2 eggs +30ml castor oil
Protection from cold weather
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Management of New Born CalvesManagement of New Born Calves
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Management of New Born CalvesManagement of New Born Calves
Colostrum Feeding
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FEEDING OF CALFFEEDING OF CALF
2727
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Common Diseases of CalvesCommon Diseases of Calves
Diarrhoea
Pneumonia
Joint ill
Round worm infection
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Management of CalvesManagement of Calves
Removal of extra teat
Dehorning (3-10days) ; Costic potash stick/hot iron
rod
, ,grooming
Record keeping
Removal of supernumerary teats
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CASTRATION
Younger age (about 2 yrs of age)
30
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Vaccination ScheduleVaccination Schedule
Disease Vaccine Dose
(mL)
Repeat Time of
vaccination
FMD Raksha-OVAC 2 I/M 6 months
3131
umPrecipitated
Vaccine
yr e ore ra nyseason
Anthrax Spore Vaccine 1 S/C 1 yr Before rainy
season
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NEWLY CALVED COW
Placenta should be expelled 2-8 hours aftercalving.
Animal should not consume placenta
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Cleaning of back side of the animals
Milking regularly
Check for possible prolapse
Udder checked
Nutrition
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Milk FeverMilk Fever
3333
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Reproduction ManagementReproduction ManagementHeat detection
Artificial Insemination
34
Pregnancy Diagnosis
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Heat DetectionRestlessness
Appetite depressed
Bellowing
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Rise of body temperature
Mucus discharge from vagina
Mounting other animals
Depressed milk yieldFrequent urination
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Artificial Insemination AI)Why do AI?
When do AI?
36
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Pregnancy DiagnosisCessation of estrus
Tendency to grow fat
Sign of pregnancy
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ncrease o y we g
Tendency to consume more feed
Symptoms of pregnancy
Per-rectal examination
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Restrain of Animal
38
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Disposal of Manure
Alnutts Manure pit 4.5 quintals manure/m3
Manure transferred to the field twice a year
39
3 m2
2.5 m
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Milking ManagementMilking ManagementMilking ManagementMilking Management
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PRINCIPLE OF MILK SYNTHESIS
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MILKING OF ANIMALS
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STRIPPING
KNUCKLING
FULL HAND MILKING
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Machine Milking
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Machine Milking
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