TALK THERAPY????
“Psychotherapy”
PSYCHOTHERAPY
Patient Psychotherapist
PSYCHOTHERAPY
Psychotherapists have training in a variety of techniques which may be
employed in order to help patients to • recover from mental illness
• resolve personal issues• create desired changes in their lives.
PSYCHOTHERAPY IN DEPRESSION
Used for ferreting out the psychological factors that contribute to depression
where antidepressant medication corrects the underlying chemical
imbalance.
TYPES OF PSYCHOTHERAPY
• Cognitive therapy• Behavioral therapy• Cognitive behavioral
therapy• Dialectical Behavior
Therapy• Psychodynamic
therapy
• Interpersonal therapy• Supportive therapy• Hypnosis• Abreaction therapy• Relaxation therapies• Family therapy• Group therapy
COGNITIVE THERAPYSUPPORTIVE THERAPY
&OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
-Mr. Manish Bijalwan
M.Sc Nursing 1st yr
SCON
COGNITIVE THERAPY
COGNITIVE THERAPY
At the heart of cognitive therapy is the idea that our
thoughts can affect our emotions.
PRINCIPLE:• Thoughts precede moods and false self-
beliefs lead to negative emotions
COGNITIVE THERAPY
COGNITIVE THERAPY
• cognitive distortions common patterns of negative thinking
1. All-or-Nothing Thinking
2. Overgeneralization
3. Mental Filter
4. Disqualifying the Positive
5. Jumping to Conclusions
6. Magnification and Minimization
7. Emotional Reasoning
8. Should Statements
9. Labeling and Mislabeling
10. Personalization
AIM:• To help the patient recognize and reassess
his patterns of negative thoughts and replace them with positive thoughts that more closely reflect reality.
COGNITIVE THERAPY
• Developed by American psychiatrist ‘Aaron T. Beck’ in 1960.
• PROCESS:1. Development of skills for modifying beliefs2. Identification of distorted thinking3. Relate to others in different ways4. Change in behaviors
COGNITIVE THERAPY
Cognition triad: cognition model of depression
COGNITIVE THERAPY
INDICATION:• An effective treatment for depression
• Combination of cognitive therapy and antidepressants has been shown to be effective in managing severe or chronic depression.
COGNITIVE THERAPY
RECENT IN COGNITIVE THERAPY
• Cognitive therapies for suicide prevention, and schizophrenia and other psychopathologies.
• In addition, ongoing research is being conducted to measure the impact of city mental health agencies’ organization structure on the adoption of cognitive therapy by public health systems.
SUPPORTIVE THERAPY
SUPPORTIVE THERAPY
Long term therapy with various attempt by a therapist by any practical means
whatever to help patients deal with their emotional distress and problems in
living.
PRINCIPLE:• Focus on conscious mind rather than
interpreting unconscious• deals more superficially, but more
immediately with the daily events patient’s life.
• Not probing into the past and changing the personality
SUPPORTIVE THERAPY
SUPPORTIVE THERAPY
Yet even the most mature people lose their ability to provide support from within when they are excessively scared or in pain
TECHNIQUES:– Ventilation.– Environmental modification– Persuasion– Re education– Reassurance
INDICATIONS:• Person may be too disturbed to cope
effectively with day-to-day problems• Depressed• Schizophrenic• sexually disturbed• Neurotic• may be in crisis• chronically ill patient
SUPPORTIVE THERAPY
• Inform patients about their illness and about how to manage it and how to adjust to it.
• Intercede on a patient’s behalf with various authorities, including schools and social agencies, and with the patient’s family- indeed
• Explain his patient’s behavior to others; at the same time, he may have to interpret the meaning of other people’s behavior to his patient.
ROLE OF THERAPIST IN SUPPORTIVE THERAPY
• Educate him to the unwritten but crucial rules that govern all social interaction.
• Encourages his patient to expand his/her interests in the world by making friends, or by going to school or to work.
• Encourage participation in sports or hobbies.• serves as a model for proper and appropriate
behavior.
ROLE OF THERAPIST IN SUPPORTIVE THERAPY
As is usual in psychiatry, however, these distinctions blur in practice.
No treatment of the emotionally disturbed can be applied as a
formula.
Supportive therapy can be done by anyone who care
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
Application of goal oriented, purposeful activity in the assessment and treatment
of individuals with psychological, physical or developmental disabilities.
AIM:• To enable the patient to achieve a
healthy balance of occupations through the development of skills that will allow him to function at a level of satisfactory to himself and others.
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
SCOPE:• Children• Adolescents• Adults• Elderly patients
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
SETTINGS• Psychiatric hospitals• Nursing homes• Rehabilitation centers• Special schools• Community group homes• Community mental health centers• Day care centers• Halfway homes• Deaddiction centers
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
ADVANTAGES
• Help to develop social skills and provide an outlet for self expression
• Strengthens ego defenses• Develops a more realistic view of the
self in relation to others.
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
INDICATIONS
1. Medical condition: rheumatoid arthritis
2. Learning disability: autistic spectrum disorder (ASD)
3. Mental health condition: bipolar disorder
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
• PROCESS
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
ASSESSMENT
FORMULATION OF GOALS
DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPY PLAN
IMPLEMENTATION
EVALUATION
SETTING UP FURTHER GOALS
TYPE OF ACTIVITIES:
1. Diversional
2. Therapeutic
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY
PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
SUGGESTED OCCUPATIONAL ACTIVITIES
•Anxiety disorders
Easy to learnKitchen tasks, washing, sweeping, mopping, weeding gardens
•Depressive disorder
Achievable tasksCrafts, mowing lawn, weeding gardens
•Manic disorder Non competitive activitiesUse of energyFrequently changesRaking grass, sweeping
TYPE OF ACTIVITIES:
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPYPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
SUGGESTED OCCUPATIONAL
ACTIVITIES
•Schizophrenia (Paranoid)
Non competitive activitiesRequire concentratione.g. puzzles, scrabble
•Schizophrenia (Catatonic)
Active involvementContinuous supervision to cliente.g. molding clay, metal work
•Antisocial personality Task enhance self esteeme.g. drawing, painting
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPYPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
SUGGESTED OCCUPATIONAL
ACTIVITIES
•Dementia Group and Short time activitiesRequire less concentrationFamiliar activities
•Substance abuse Group activitiesTalent orientede.g. planning an interview with celebrity
•Mental retardation Repetitive workAchievement oriented taskse.g. cover making, candle making, packaging goods
BIBLIOGRAPHY• Burns, David D. Feeling Good: The New Mood
Therapy. Avon Books: New York, NY, 1999.• Rupke, Stuart J., David Blecke, Marjorie Renfrow.
"Cognitive Therapy for Depression." American Family Physician. 73.1 (January 2006):83-6
• Sreevani. R; A guide to mental health and psychiatric nursing; edition 2; Jaypee brothers, medical publishers (P) LTD, New Delhi, pg no. 190,196-198.
• http://www.beckinstitute.org/history-of-cbt/• http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/fighting-fear/
201306/supportive-psychotherapy
ANY QUESTION?
Reflect on Your Negative ThinkingIdentify & Fight
Negative ThoughtsLive an Optimistic Life
THANK YOU
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