Sept. 11, 2009 1
Cramer Symposium September 11, 2009
Sept. 11, 2009 2
1957-1969 ● Non-Conservation of Parity in the Beta Decay of 8Li (Rice Univ., Sigma-Xi Award winning MA Thesis, 1959)
● Conserved Vector Current in the Beta Decays of 12B and 12N (Rice Univ., PhD Thesis, 1961)
● Angular Correlation in the (a, a’ g) Reaction on Even-Even Nuclei (explained angle dependence) (Indiana University)
● Bringing the UW Tandem 3-Stage Tandem Van de Graaff and SDS-930 Online Computer System into operation (UW)
● Phase Correlations in Alpha Particle Inelastic Scattering (direct-reaction compound-nucleus competition) (UW)
● Isobaric Analogue Resonances in Closed-Shell Nuclei (UW)
Sept. 11, 2009 3
1969-1979 ● Inelastic Scattering to 1- States through Isobaric Analogue Resonances (UW)
● Proposal, Design, and Construction of the UW Lamb-Shift Polarized Ion Source (UW)
● Polarized Proton Scattering through Isobaric Analogue Resonances (UW)
● Isospin Reactions with Heavy Ions (UW)
● (12C, 8Be) Transfer Reactions (U Munich, UW)
● Antimatter supernovas PRL (1977)
● Energy-Dependent Heavy Ion Elastic Scattering (global optical potentials) (UW, ORNL)
Sept. 11, 2009 4
1979-1989 ● Nuclear Rainbow Scattering with Heavy Ions and the “Notch-Test” (UW, LBNL, HMI-Berlin, MSU)
● Sub-Coulomb 16O Scattering and Wave-Equation Tests (UW)
● The Transition from Light to Heavy Ion Scattering (UW, LBNL, HMI-Berlin, MSU)
● The Transactional Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics (HMI-Berlin, UW)
● Begin writing bi-monthly “Alternate View” popular science columns for Analog Science Fiction/Fact Magazine (AV#01-36).
● Proposal, Design, and Construction of the UW Superconducting Booster (UW, 1984-1987)
● Hard SF Novel Twistor (Wm. Morrow, 1989)
Sept. 11, 2009 5
1989-1999 ● Experiment NA35 (LBNL, CERN)
● Experiment NA49 (MPI-Munich, CERN)
● Proposal, Design, and Construction of the STAR Experiment (UW, LBNL, BNL)
● Natural Wormholes & Gravitational Lensing (1995)
● Formation of the HBT Physics Working Group in STAR
● Theoretical investigations of HBT-related phenomena (MPI, UW)
● Nuclear Science Wall Chart & Teacher’s Manual (1997)
● Continue writing bi-monthly “Alternate View” popular science columns for Analog Science Fiction/Fact Magazine (AV#37-98)
● Hard SF Novel Einstein’s Bridge (Avon, 1998)
Sept. 11, 2009 6
1999-2009 ● Theoretical investigations of HBT-related Phenomena
● Data Collection from the STAR Experiment (BNL)
● “Sound of the Big Bang” (2003)
● The HBT Analysis of STAR and NA49 Data
● The DWEF Model of Ultra-relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
● Continue writing bi-monthly “Alternate View” popular science columns for Analog Science Fiction/Fact Magazine (AV#99-150)
● Quantum Optics and Retrocausality: Investigation of the Possibility of Nonlocal Quantum Communication with Momentum-Entangled Photon Pairs (1997-now)
Sept. 11, 2009 7
Status of the UW Test of Nonlocal Quantum
Communication with Momentum-Entangled
Photon Pairs
Sept. 11, 2009 8
Entanglement and Nonlocality Entanglement: The separated but “entangled” parts of the same quantum system can only be described by referencing the state of other part.
The possible outcomes of measurement M2 depend of the results of measurement M1, and vice versa. This is usually a consequence of conservation laws.
Nonlocality: This “connectedness” between the separated system parts is called quantum nonlocality. It should act even of the system parts are separated by light years. Einstein called this “spooky actions at a distance.”
M1
M2
Entangled Photon Source
Entangled photon 1
Entangled photon 2
Nonlocal Connection
Measurement 1
Measurement 1
Sept. 11, 2009 9
Shih Ghost Interference Experiment (1995)
Sept. 11, 2009 10
Klyshko Reflection
Sept. 11, 2009 11
Dopfer Position-Momentum EPR Experiment (1998)
“Heisenberg” Lens f = 86 cm
LiIO3 Down-Conversion
Crystal
Double-Slit Detector D2
Double Slit System a = 75 mm, d = 255 mm
Coincidence Circuit
Auxiliary Lens
Laser Beam Stop
f 2f
or
“Heisenberg” Detector D1
f 2f
Position Momentum
28.2o
Birgit Dopfer PhD Thesis U. Innsbruck, 1998.
Note the use of coincidence.
Sept. 11, 2009 12
Interference Detection
Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
Cramer Half-Slit
Interferometer
MZ Advantages: Interference with full incident beam.
MZ Disadvantages: extremely difficult to align (4 reflecting surfaces aligned to wavelength-scale precision); path is momentum-independent.
Sept. 11, 2009 13
Periodically Poled Nonlinear Crystal
ppKTP = periodically poled KTiOPO4
Phase Matching: kP = kS + kI + 2p/L
Sept. 11, 2009 14
Sacher TEC- 100-0405-040
D-mirror
Polarizing Splitter
Longpass Filters
Crystal Oven
405 nm Pump Laser
Pump Beam Monitor
Splitter In/Out
APD Detectors
The D-mirrors intercept and deflect one-half of each of the beams of entangled photons.
Lens
Mach-Zehnder Interferometer H
810 nm Horizontal
Polarization
810 nm Vertical Polarization
ppKTP Crystal
Send
Aperture
In = Wave = 0
Out = Particle = 1
1 2
Hot Mirror
4
3 D-mirror
Splitter
APD Detectors
Mach-Zehnder Interferometer V
Receive 1
2
Mirror
f
Aperture 90° Pentaprism
90° Pentaprism
90° Pentaprism
90° Pentaprism
Mark III Nonlocal Quantum Communication Test
Sept. 11, 2009 15
Lens
Retrocausal Signaling
We have 10 km of high quality optical fiber coiled in the corner of the laboratory. We split the V-polarized entangled photon beam with a D-mirror, and pass each of the two paths of entangled photons through 10 km of fiber.
The H-polarized entangled photons have no optical delay, and the signal is received as soon as these photons are detected at D1,2, which is about 50 ms before the signal is transmitted, when the twin entangled photons arrive at D3,4.
Receive
1
D-mirror
Polarizing Splitter
APD Detectors
2
Send 10 km
10 km
D-mirror
Splitter In/Out
Send 4
3
90° Pentaprism
90° Pentaprism
90° Pentaprism
90° Pentaprism
D-mirror
Entangled photons from ppKTP crystal
810 nm Vertical Polarization
810 nm Horizontal
Polarization
Sept. 11, 2009 16
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