Coordinate Covalent Bonding
Coordination Compounds
Most commonly found as:
Chelates
Components of a: coordination
Complex ion
COORDINATION COMPOUND
Appropriate cation or anion
CompLEX ION Components
Transition Metal Ion(also aluminum and lead)
Liganding species(ions or molecules)( hereinafter called ‘particle’)
Ligands
Name of bond formed between metal ion and particles
Both bond and particle can be called ligand
Lone pairs on particle attach to metal ion
Particles with more than 1 attachment - chelate
lone pairs must be separated by at least 2 atoms ethylene diamine oxalate ion acetylacetone
Ligand attachment sites called DENTATES
•hemeglobin - Fe chlorophyll - Mg vitamin B12 - Co
Ligand InformationMonodentates with no chargeH2O
NH3 CO2
Monodentates with charges
Na+Br- NO3+Cl- I- K+ SO4
-2
Ligand InformationBidentates with no charge
ethylenediamine (en)
Bidentates with chargesoxalate(ox,or C2O4)-2
tartrate(tar)-2
acetylacetone(acac)-
Ligand InformationHexadentates with charges
ethylenediaminetetraacetate
(EDTA)-
Formulas for complex ions
[Cu(NH4+)4]+6 [Cu(NH3)4]+2
[Cu(NO2-)4]-2
Recognized by use of bracketsCoordination number - # of ligands formed (can only be 2,4, or 6)Charge: Metal ion oxidation numbers + ∑ particle charges
Coordination Compounds
[Cu(NH4+)4]Cl6
K2[Cu(NO2-)4]
(NH4)2[Cu(NO2-)4]
[Cu(NH4+)4](SO4)3
[ ] = complex ion
Coordination numbers[Cu(NH4
+)4]Cl6
(NH4)4[Cu(PO4-3)2]
[Cu(NH4+)6](SO4)4
Coordination # 4
Coordination # 6
Coordination # 2
Coordination numbers[Cu(NH4
+) 2(NO3+)2]Cl6
(NH4)4[Cu(ox)3]
Coordination # 4
Coordination # 6
ox is a bidentate
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