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PRESENTED BY:RABIA ALIC-11
BATCH D
CONTACTS & CONTOURS
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Topics to be discussed
Normal physiologic tooth contours
Hazards of faulty reproduction of physioanatomical features of teeth in restoration
Variations in shapes of teeth Procedures for proper formulation of contacts
and contours
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Physiologic toot contours:-
All teeth possess
physiologic contours whichpermit proper stimulation& provide protection fortheir investing &
supporting tissues. Characteristic variations in
the location of generalheight of contours are:
A. In gingival third area ofall ANTERIOR TEETH.
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B. In gingivalthird area ofMAXILLARYPOSTERIORTeeth. Mostprominent onlingual
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C. In GINGIVAL THIRD area most prominent onbuccal surfaces & middle third area on lingual surfacesof mandibular posterior teeth. Most prominent onbuccal.
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Cervical ridge:-If the cervical convexity
of a crown and
the normaltissue relationshipare lost, the height ofconvexity of a restorationmust re-establishthe original physiologicrelationship of the crown
contours to the freegingiva and to the gingivalattachment.
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A. proper relationshipof crown contours
B. Insufficient crowncontour
C. Excessive crowncontour
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Embrasure relationship:-Anterior teeth:-
A
GINGIVAL EMBRASURE
INCISAL EMBRASURE
LABIAL EMBRASURE
LINGUAL EMBRASURE
A.Gingivalembrasures widerand deeper than
incisalembrasures.
B. Lingualembrasures widerand deeper thanlabial embrasures
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Posterior teeth:-
C. Gingivalembrasures widerand deeper than
occlusalembrasures.
D. lingualembrasures wider
and deeper thanbuccal embrasures
GINGIVAL EMBRASURE
BUCCAL EMBRASURE
LINGUAL EMBRASURE
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Marginal ridge relationship:-
Correct incorrect
Essential for:-Balance of teeth in archPrevention of foodimpaction proximallyProtection of
periodontiumPrevention of recurrent& contact decayHelping in efficientmastication
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Contact areas:-
AA
Contact relationships ofposterior teeth.A. Point or marble-like contactareas present at time oferuption.
B. Broad flat contact arearesulting from excessive wear.
C. Typical contact areasresulting from the usual amountof wearobserved in a patient of middleage.
t
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anter or:-
CENTRAL CENTRAL LATERAL
Contact and embrasure relationshipsof maxillary central incisors -labial view.
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LATERAL CUSPID FIRST BICUSPID
Contact and embrasure relationship of lateralincisors and cuspids -
labial view.
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Cuspids & first bicuspid:-
Contact and embrasure relationships ofmaxillary cuspids and firstbicuspid teeth - buccal view.
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Incisal view
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Contact and embrasure relationships of maxillary cuspidsandmaxillary posterior teeth - occlusal view.
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molar teeth:-
FIRST SECOND FIRST MOLARBICUSPID BICUSPID
Contact and embrasure relationships of thefirst and second bicuspids
and first molar teeth - buccal view.
occlusal view
Fi t d & thi d l t th
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First, second & third molar teeth:
FIRST MOLAR SECOND MOLAR THIRD MOLAR
Contact and embrasure relationships between the first,second, andthird molar teeth - buccal view.
occlusal view.
t t :
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an u ar teet :Incisors & cuspids:
Contact and embrasure relationships between the
mandibular incisorsand cuspid teeth - incisal view
CENTRAL CENTRAL , LATERAL CUSPIDlabial view.
C id & fi bi id
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Cuspid & first bicuspid:-
LATERAL CUSPID BICUSPID BlCUSPlD
Contact and embrasure relationshipsbetween the mandibular cuspids
and first bicuspid teeth - buccal view.
occlusal view.
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molar teeth:
FIRST SECOND FIRST MOLAR
BlCUSPlD BICUSPID
Contact and embrasure relotionshipsbetween mandibular first andsecond bicuspids and first molar teeth
- buccal view.
occlusal view.
st s t t t
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rst, secon t r mo ar teet
Contact & embrasure relationships between mandibular firstsecond and third molar teeth - buccal view.
Second
bicuspidFirst molar
Second
molar
Third
molar
Occlusal view
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-teeth in restorations:-
A. Contact size:- Broad contact
Narrow contact
Contact too occlusally
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A. Too bucally
B. Lingually
C. Gingivally
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Loose (open) contact
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Contact configuration:-
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C. Contour:-
Faial and lingual convexities
Facial and lingual concavities
Areas of proximal contour adjacent to contactarea
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Facial and lingual convexities
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Facial & lingual concavities
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adjacent to contact area
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c. Marginal ridges:- a. Absence of a marginal ridge in the
restoration.
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b. a marginal ridge with an exaggerated occlusalembrasure:-
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c. Adjacent marginal ridges not compatible inheight:-
d A marginal ridge with no adjacent triangular
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d. A marginal ridge with no adjacent triangularfossa
e A marginal ridge with no occlusal embrasure:-
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e. A marginal ridge with no occlusal embrasure:-
f A one-planed marginal ridge in the
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f. A one-planed marginal ridge in thebuccolingual direction:-
g A thin marginal ridge in its mesio distal bulk:-
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g. A thin marginal ridge in its mesio distal bulk:
h Marginal ridge not compatible in dimension or
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h. Marginal ridge not compatible in dimension orlocation with the rest of the occluding surfacecomponents:-
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Variations in shapes of teeth:-Tapering
Square/box
Ovoid/barrel
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y
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contact tapering square Ovoid
1.Between
incisors
Contact starts atthe incisal ridgeincisaly & a littletowards the labial,labio-lingualy
Start at incisalridge incisally & inline with it labio-lingually
1.Slightly lingualto incisal ridgelabio-lingually
2.Mesial contactsstart at of thecrownincisogingivally.
3.Distal contacts
start 1/3 to ofthe crown inciso-gingivally
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2.canine 1.Mesal contact atincisal ridge
2.Distal contactnear the middle
3.Very angular
1.Close to incisalridges incisally
2.In line withthem labio-
lingually
The same assquare type
3.bicuspids1.Buccal periphery almostat buccal axial angle(buccal3rd) of tooth.
2.Occlusal periphery at
junction of occlusal &middle 3rd.
3.Contact deviated bucally
4.Cusps form -1/3 ofcrown
1.Buccal peripherymore towardsbuccal axial angle
2.Occlusalperiphery atocclusal 3rd.
3.Short cusps.
Convexity of MR carriesocclsal periphery towardsmiddle 3rd.2.buccalperiphery at junction of
buccal and middle third.
contacttapering
squareovoid
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contact tapering. Square Ovoid
4.Molarsmesialcontact
1.Buccal periphery almostat the buccal axial angle oftooth.
2.o-periphery at junction ofocclusal and middle third ofcrown
3.Large cusps
1.The same as premolar
2.Extention lingually stopsin middle 3rd.
Same as bicuspids.
5.Molarsdistal contact
1.B-periphery at middle 3rd
.2.O-periphery at middlethird
3.Distal contact of 1st molaris variable due to positionof distal cusps
More lingually deviatedthan the mesial but to theextent of tapering teeth.
B-periphery in line withcentral groove in o-surface.
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contact tapering Square Ovoid
embrasures1.Wide variations
2.Incisal and labial are
negligible3.Gingival and lingualbetween anterior teeth arewidest and longest inmouth
4.buccal are small
5.Lingual are long, withmedium width.
6.Gingival betweenposterior teeth are broadand long
1.incisal,lingual,occlusaland buccal embrasures arenil
2.Gingival almost notnoticeable; if found,v.narrow and flat.
3.Lingual are v.narrow(may be slit) and long.
1.incisal,labial,buccal andocclusal are wider anddeeper than the others
2.Gingival and lingual areshort and broad.
PROCEDURE FOR FORMULATION OF
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PROCEDURE FOR FORMULATION OFPROPER CONTACTS AND CONTOURS
Intra oral procedures
Extra oral procedures
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Intra oral procedures:-
1. Tooth movement
2. Matricing
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Tooth movement:-
The act of either separating the involved teethfrom each other, bringing them closer to eachother, and/or changing their spatial position inone or more dimensions.
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OBJECTIVES:-
To bring drifted tilted or rotated teeth totheir indicated physiological position for properreproduction of proximal surfaces inrestorative materials.
To close space between teeth not amenable toclosure by the contemplated restoration. To move teeth to a position most physiologically
acceptable by periodontium.
Extrusion or intrusion of teeth making themrestorable.
Moving teeth from a nonfunctional or
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Moving teeth from a nonfunctional ortraumatically functional position to aphysiologically functional one.
Moving teeth to an aesthetically pleasingposition To increase dimensions of available tooth
structure for resistance and retention formsof restoration.
Creating sufficient space for matrix bandinterproximaly
Easy access to proximal surface for cavitypreparation
Detection of proximal caries Facilitate polishing of restorations proximal
surface Remove foreign bodies impacted proximally
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Methods of tooth movement
Rapid or immediate
Slow or delayed
ap or mme ate
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ap or mme ate
Mechanical type ofseparation thatcreates eitherproximal separation
at the point ofseparatorsintroduction and/orimproved closeness
of proximal surfaceopposite the pointof separatorsintroduction
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Indications:-
Preparatory to slow tooth movement Maintain space gained by slow tooth movement
Methods:-1.Wedge method2.Traction method
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Wedge method:-
Separation accomplished by insertion of apointed wedge shaped device between the teeth, in
order to create separation at that point orclosure on the opposite proximal side of involved
teeth.a. Elliot Separator
b. Wooden or plastic wedges
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Functions of wedges
Assure close adaptibility of the matrix and to the tooth
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Occupy the space designated to be the gingivalembrasure
Define gingival extent of contact area, facial &lingual embrasures
Create space to compensate matrix band Temporary hemostasis Immobilization of matrix band
Protect interproximal gingiva from unexpectedtrauma
http://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/LargestAfter.jpghttp://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/LargestBefore.jpg7/29/2019 Contact Point Contours
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consequences of poor wedge technique
http://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/BleedAfter.jpghttp://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/BleedDuring.jpghttp://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/BleedBefore.jpghttp://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/GrooveAfter.jpghttp://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/GrooveBefore.jpghttp://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/wedgegood.jpghttp://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/wedgebad.jpghttp://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/LargestAfter.jpghttp://www.dentaljuce.com/fruit/images/wedges/LargestBefore.jpg7/29/2019 Contact Point Contours
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consequences of poor wedge techniqueAmalgam condensation requires high packingforces if it is going to be adequate. These
forces will always push amalgam beyond thematrix unless it is wedged, causing overhangs.Overhangs will often result in periodontaldisease(+ bone loss),and caries.
Accidents can happen both when a practitioner
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pp pis inexperienced, and when (over-) confident oftheir skills.
The wedge in this radiograph had encroachedtowards the contact area, leaving a poorcontour. This results in food packing and plaqueaccumulation.
Wooden wedges
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Wooden wedges
Resin wedges.
C. Nail of thumb or first finger:-
For instantaneous use e.g planning the axial wall,forming line angles, polishing of class III
restoration
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Traction method:-
mechanical devices, engage inproximal surfaces of teeth tobe separated by means ofholding arms.
a. Non-interfering trueseparator:-
Provides continuous stabilized
separation during operationSeparation can be increased or
decreased
B F i
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B. Ferrierdouble bowseparator:-
Separationstabilizedthroughout
operation Separation
shared bycontactingteeth & not atthe expense ofone tooth
Sl d l d t th t
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Slow or delayed tooth movement
Over a period of weeks will allow properrepositioning of teeth in a physiologic manner
Methods:-
separating wires Over sized temporaries
Orthodontic appliances
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