Computing in the Modern World
Unit 4
GPS:BCS-CMW-8. Students
will demonstrate knowledge of basic
components of computer networks.
Network
A collection of computers and devices connected together
Reasons Businesses Use a Network Facilitate communications Share hardware Share data & information Share software Transfer funds
Advantages of Networking Facilitating Communications-email, IM,
chat rooms, blogs, etc. Sharing hardware-save money Sharing data & information-access to
database for customers Sharing software-save money Transferring funds-payroll, make
purchases on the Internet
Types of networks
Local area network (LAN) Wireless local area network (WLAN) Metropolitan area network (MAN) Wide area network (WAN)
Difference: the area of coverage
LAN
Limited geographical areaHomeSchool computer labOffice
building
WLAN
LAN with no physical wires Usually communicates with a wired LAN
MAN
High- speed network that connects LANs in a metropolitan area such as a city or town and handles the bulk of communications activity across that region.
Regulated by local or state government Provided by telephone companies, cable
television operators, and other organizations
WAN Covers a large
geographic area ( such as a city, country, or the world)
Combines many types of media such as telephone lines, cables, and radio waves
What is the world’s largest WAN?
Network Architectures
Design of computers, devices, and media in a network
Two CategoriesClient/serverPeer-to-peer
Client/Server
Server-host computerControls access to hardware, software, and
other resourcesProvides central storage area
ClientsOther computers and devices on the
network that rely on the server for resources
EX. Server stores database of customers, Client access database
Client/Server EX. Server stores
database of customers, Client access database
10 or more computers
Peer-to-Peer Network Simple, inexpensive Less than 10
computers Equal
responsibilities and capabilities
Internet Peer-to-Peer (P2P
Users access each others hard disks and exchange files directly over the Internet
Examples:LimewireBitTorrentGnutellaKazaa
Network Topologies
Layout of the computers and devices in a communications network.
Three most common:BusRingStar
Bus Network
Single central cable, to which all computers and other devices connect
Ring Network
A cable forms a closed loop (ring) with all computers and devices arranged along the ring
Star Network All of the computers
and devices ( nodes) on the network connect to a central device, thus forming a star
Intranet
Internal network that uses Internet technologies
Make company information accessible to employees
Examples:telephone directories, event calendars,
procedure manuals, employee benefits information, and job postings
Assignment
Create a Turkey-Gram-See instructions on calendar
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