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OPERATING MECHANISM
1. Valve Servomotor
2. Pressure Oil System
3. Compressed Air System
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ADVANTAGES OF
SPHERICAL VALVE
1. Shape is well suited to resist even
the highest pressure.2. Hydraulic losses are negligible.
3. Closure is good.
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BY
PASS VALVE
Should be sufficient to balance the
downstream pressure at least by 60 percent of the upstream pressure,
considering the maximum leakages
through the guide vanes.
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AIR VALVEThe size of the air valve should be
sufficient to release of admit air according to rate of filling or draining of
water in the spiral casing/ distributor .
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PICTORIAL
REPRESENTATIONOF VALVES
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BUTTERFLY VALVE
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VALVE GALLER Y
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GOVERNOR
Quality of power depends on:
Frequency
Voltage
These need to be regulated properly for
stable and accurate output for good
performance.
Governing system is used for
regulating frequency and power
output.
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R equirement of governor characteristicsdepend on following external and internal
factors:
1.External factors: Connected Power system
network. Type of load in Interconnected
power system .
2.Internal factors: Changes/Disturbances in
long water conductor system
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REQU
IREMENTS1. Precision
2. R eliability3. Stability
4. Sensitivity
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FACTORS AFFECTING
GOVERNING PERFORMANCE
1.Unit acceleration time (Tm)
This is the time in seconds to accelerate the
unit from standstill to normal speed. It is a
measure of sensibility of the unit on loadchanges.
Given by:
Tm = WR 2n2/(9.08*104*N)WR 2= flywheel effect of generation in kg-m2
n= R otational speed
N= Turbine capacity in kW
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2.Inertia of water mass (TW)
Higher inertia of water masses leads tounstable governing. Where the water
conductor system is long, Surge tanks are
provided.
Given by,
TW= LV/(g*h)
Where,
L= length of water conductor in m
V= velocity in m/sec.
H= R ated head in m
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3.SPEED R ISE:
Depends upon guide vanes/Deflector closing
time.
4.PR ESSUR E R ISE:
Depends upon guide vane/ needle closing
time and length of water conductor fromsurge tank to tailrace.
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ELEMENTS OF GOVERNING
EQUIPMENT
SPEED SENSING DEVICE
EHGHMC
SER
VOMOT
OR
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GOVERNOR
CHARACTERISTICS
TEMPOR ARY SPEED DR OOP
PER MANENT SPEED DR OOP
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22
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COMPONENT OF GENERATOR
STATOR
ROTOR
UPPER BRACKET
LOWER BRACKET
THR UST BEARING & GUIDE
BEARINGS
SLIP RING & BR USH ASSEMBLY AIR COOLERS
BRAKES & JACKS
STATOR HEATERS
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ROTOR(DIAGRAM)
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STATOR SEGMENT(DIAGRAM)
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AUXILIARIES COMPONENT
GOVERNING SYSTEM
H.P. OIL INJECTION PUMPS
OIL LEAKAGE UNIT
COOLING WATER SYSTEM
EXCITATION SYSTEM
BRAKE DUST EXTRACTION
UNIT
CONT.
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AUXILIARIES COMPONENT
STATOR HEATERS CONTROL
UNIT CONTROL & PROTECTION
PANELS BRAKE & JACK CONTROL UNIT
D.T.T. PANEL
R.T.D.S.
UAB
UAT
CONT.
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-GENERATOR BUS DUCT & CT, LAVTS
-GENERATOR STEP UP TRANSFORMER
-SWITCHYARD/GIS & POTHEAD YARD
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- CENTRALISED CONTROL
- PROTECTION PANELS
- PLCC
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STATION AUX
ILIARIES
H.P. COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM
L.P.COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM
CONT.
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STATION AUX
ILIARIES
DRAINAGE PUMPS
DEWATERING PUMPS
CONT.
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STATION AUXILIARIES
VENTILATION SYSTEM
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM
CONT
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STATION AUXILIARIES
STATION A.C. POWER SUPPLY -
SST, H.T. BREAKERS, D.G. SETS
D.C. POWER SUPPLY, 220V, 48V, 24V
BATTERIES, CHARGERS & D.C.D.B.
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STATION AUXILIARIES
E.O.T. CRANE
LIFT
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THANK YOU
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