Closing plenaryJohn Wilkin, Dean of libraries and university librarian at University of IllinoisDavid Maguire, Vice-chancellor University of Greenwich and Chair of Jisc
06/07/2016
01/05/2023
Infrastructure for research and collaboration in the United StatesJohn Wilkin, Dean of libraries and university librarian at University of Illinois
Radical Scatter:Infrastructure for research and collaboration in the United
States
DuraSpace registry repositoriesUS UK
Fedora, Dspace and VIVO 1046 102
DSpace 798 71
Fedora 148 27
Dspace (Academic) 194 53
Fedora (Academic) 81 19
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united states42%
australia10%
united kingdom10%
lithuania8%
canada7%
spain3%
netherlands2%
switzerland2%
belgium2%
germany2%
ireland2%
austria1%
greece1%italy1%
new zealand1%
sweden1%
bosnia and herzegovina1%
colombia1%
denmark1%
korea1%
malaysia1%
norway1%peru1%
russia1%
serbia1%
ukraine1%
Fedora sites registered
united states australiaunited kingdom lithuaniacanada spainnetherlands switzerlandbelgium germanyireland austriagreece italynew zealand swedenbosnia and herzegovina colombiadenmark koreamalaysia norwayperu russiaserbia ukraine
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Tenopir et al. “Research Data Services in Academic Libraries …”
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HathiTrust
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HathiTrust cost model• Based on overlap of print collections with HathiTrust digital
collections– Share in infrastructure costs for public domain volumes:
(PD*C*X)/N – Share in infrastructure costs for in copyright volumes based on holdings• For a given in copyright volume:
IC=(C*X)/H
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HathiTrust• 14.5 million digital volumes• UIUC has deposited > 500,000 digital volumes• Nearly half of UIUC’s 14m print volumes represented by digital surrogates• Preservation services that give continuous attention to fixity and format migration;
geographically disparate replication; rich preservation metadata• 5.6m public domain volumes• Tens of thousands of volumes opened by rights holders• Copyright determinations made on 300,000 US books published between 1923-
1963, opening > 50% of them• A cost of ~$35,000/year for UIUC
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SHARE Notify
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Digital Preservation Network (DPN) evolution• Originally– “future cost avoidance” and “realign[ing] current investments”– focused on “marquee data sets and content” – “lower costs across the research community through economies of scale” to preserve
the scholarly record; “primarily about: scaling and rationalization; cost reduction for preservation…; dependability; regaining control and costs of publishing; and enabling future scholarship.”
• Now: – knitting together “distributed efforts [to] increase the benefit and success of projects
and organizations that carry risk as they are only partial solutions to the long-term preservation challenge.”
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DPN Vision• The future is uncertain. Academic institutions require that key aspects of their
scholarly histories, heritage and research remain part of the record of human endeavor in spite of, or perhaps because of, whatever will happen next. As an emblematic part of institutional identity, the potential loss of core online academic collections that are part of what an institution means could be catastrophic. Oral history collections, born digital artworks, historic journals, theses, dissertations, media and fragile digitizations of ancient documents and antiquities are examples of irreplaceable resources. What happens if a strategic institutional collection is lost? Will a critical building block of knowledge be lost forever? It is essential for scholars of the future that action is taken now to protect digital assets that are at risk of loss.
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DPN diagram
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DPN Costs• As a part of DPN membership members may deposit 5TB of digital
content for no extra cost. Additional TB may be purchased if desired. This content will be replicated so that there are three copies of the content in the system in various locations around the country. The DPN nodes utilize community approved best practices and the system is designed so that the content is checked for fixity (and repaired should problems be detected) at least once every two years. DPN members can be confident that content in the system is well protected for the long term.
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Unizin
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Conclusion• US infrastructure for research and collaboration is primarily at
the local or institutional level• Most “shared” efforts add to rather than substitute function
and cost• “Efficiency” and “cost savings” are insufficient as incentives• Affordability is a key factor
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Efficient Information Infrastructure for UK ResearchProfessor David Maguire, Vice-chancellor, University of Greenwich, and Chair of Jisc
06/07/2016
Agenda»Introduction›UK research› Jisc and research data›Current infrastructure
»REF»NRII›Architecture options› International examples
»Conclusions01/05/2023
Reuse existing information
Easy access
Key once
A record to be analysed
interoperable
Shared
UK Research Base: Strong and Efficient
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 46
UK Research
3.2% Global R&D expenditure 9.5% Downloads11.6% Citations15.9% Highly cited articles
Jisc and Research Management
01/05/2023
Research Data Shared Service
48
Recent Research Policy Developments
»Open Access (Finch, Tickell)»Metrics (Wilsd0n)»Research Councils (Nurse)»REF Review (Stern)»Higher Education and Research Bill
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 49
Research Excellence Framework
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 50
»RAE/REF from 1986»Goal
› Assess quality› Distribute funding
»Assessment areas› Outputs› Environment› Impact
»REF2014 cost £246m»REF2020 planning (Stern Review)
The REF Information Challenge
»Expensive to collect, manage and analyse the massive amounts of information in each assessment
»Limited re-use of the information that already exists»Duplication of effort collecting and formatting the
same information multiple times»Difficult to analyse information and compare results
because of lack of standards and access to tools»Challenge to build clear picture of the state of
national research strengths and define priorities
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 51
Patchwork of Provision
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 53
University Current
Research Information
Systems
Output Repositorie
s(HEIs, Jisc
Core)
Research Council
Information Systems
(GtR, ResearchFish
)Specific-purpose Systems:
Equipment, People,
Expertise
REF Results ??
How Efficient is the UK's Research Infrastructure?
» Network of 140 digital repositories» Disciplinary data centres and
repositories eg Nerc DC, Euro PubMed
» Research data infrastructure eg Jisc research data shared service (RDSS)
» OA infrastructure eg CORE, Jisc Monitor
» RCUK Gateway to Research» Janet network» High-performance computing eg
Archer, JASMIN» Alan Turing Institute » Research equipment eg
equipment.data
01/05/2023 54
Image courtesy of RCUK
University of Greenwich
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 55
GALA Repositor
y(ePrints)
Biblio(Scopus, SciVal)
Other(Research Professio
nal, pFact)
Research Data
Analysis(ePrints, Inteum)
External(JeS, eGAP,
EUROPA, MoD)
CRIS(Bespoke
)
Vision for a NRII
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Information Model
Open Protocols
National Warehouse
BI Analysis and Reporting
Expert Team
NRII Architecture Options
distributed federated hybrid centralised
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NRII Architecture Options
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 58
Centralised
Uni Use
r
Non-Uni
User
RIS
Federated
Uni CRIS
NRII Architecture Options
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 59
Hybrid
Uni CRIS
RIS
Possible NRII Approach
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 60
The AdvantagesGovernment-related Bodies / Research funders
HEIs Researchers
• Scalable, flexible research reporting/ management
• Richer and more reliable source of information
• Record and analyse research across the research base
• Improved data quality and reliability
• Better benchmarking and business intelligence
• Simpler submission of REF return
• CRIS for small HEIs
• Comply with new policies
• Reduced administration
• Improved business intelligence to inform career development
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The Challenges
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 62
Government-related Bodies / Research Funders
HEIs Researchers
Effort to secure mandate for early delivery of light touch central UK RIS
Investment to build the infrastructure
Interface local systems and central warehouse
Procedures for data exchange and governance
Potential greater scrutiny from University
What would this mean for REF 20/21?
»Avoid slump-spike cycle»Reduced costs of
submission»Improve openness,
transparency and accountability
»Permanent research record»Greater access to REF data»Facilitate development of
national priorities01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 63
NRII: the business case
£4m a year
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Next steps
»Phase 1› Agree design and
standards»Phase 2 › Initial Central RIS and
Data Warehouse»Phase 2:› Enrich NRII
functionality
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Australian National Data Service partnership with Research Data Alliance
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 66
Research Graph and Data Switchboard
ResearchGraph: Creating a distributed graph using Research Data Switchboard
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Conclusion: The Right Time
»Research Economic, Technology and Policy stars are aligning
»The current UK research information landscape is chaotic
»We need a National Research Information Infrastructure› Reduce burden on researchers› Lower research costs› Enable better analysis and reporting› Support development of national priorities01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 68
Acknowledgements
A vision for a National Research Information Infrastructure in the UK: options and recommendation
Rachel Bruce, Tamsin Burland, Catherine Grout, Max Hammond, Neil Jacobs, David Maguire, Victoria Moody, Joel Mullan, Linda Naughton, Phil Richards
Jisc May 201601/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 69
jisc.ac.uk
Contact Me
Thank You for Listening
David MaguireChair of [email protected]
01/05/2023Efficient infrastructure for UK research 70