1 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Clean Energy Leadership: The Role ofHydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies
International Conference on Hydrogen SafetySan Francisco, CA
Dr. Sunita SatyapalU.S. Department of EnergyFuel Cell Technologies ProgramProgram Manager
September 12, 2011
2 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Double Renewable Energy Capacity by 2012
Generate 80% of electricity from clean energy sources by 2035
Reduce GHG emissions 83% by 2050
U.S. Clean Energy Goals
3 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: US DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Petroleum38%
Natural Gas25%
Coal21%
Nu-clear En-ergy8%
Renewable Energy9%
U.S. Energy Consumption
Transportation39%
Industrial32%
Residential16%
Commercial12%
Total U.S. Energy = 94.6 Quadrillion BtuSource: Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Review 2009, Figure 2.0
Transportation
Industrial
Residential & Commercial
Electric Power Share of Energy Consumed by Major
Sectors of the Economy, 2009
U.S. Primary Energy Consumption by Source and Sector
4 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Fuel Cell Patents Reflect Emerging Growth
Clean Energy Patent Growth Index[1] shows that fuel cell patents lead in the clean energy field with nearly 1,000 fuel cell patents issued worldwide in 2010.
• 3x more than the second place holder, solar, which has just ~360 patents.• Number of fuel cell patents grew > 57% in 2010.
[1} http://cepgi.typepad.com/heslin_rothenberg_farley_/
5 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Fuel Cell Market Overview
0
25
50
75
100
2008 2009 2010
USA Japan South Korea Germany Other
(MW
)
Megawatts Shipped, Key Countries: 2008-2010
North American Shipments by Application
Fuel cell market continues to grow• ~36% increase in global MWs shipped• ~50% increase in US MWs shipped
5FuelCells2000, Pike Research, Fuel Cell Today, ANL
Widespread market penetration of fuel cells could lead to:• 180,000 new jobs in the US by 2020• 675,000 jobs by 2035
Various analyses project that the global fuel cell/hydrogen market could reach maturity over the next 10 to 20 years, producing revenues of: • $14 – $31 billion/year for stationary
power• $11 billion/year for portable power• $18 – $97 billion/year for transportation
http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/pdfs/program_plan2010.pdf
6 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
DOE Accomplishments
Current status: $49/kW vs
target of $30/kW
Projected Transportation Fuel Cell System Cost-projected to high-volume (500,000 units per year)-
Projected high-volume cost of fuel cells has been reduced to $49/kW (2011)*
• More than 30% reduction since 2008• More than 80% reduction since 2002
Real world validation marks progressVehicles & Infrastructure
• 155 fuel cell vehicles and 24 hydrogen fueling stations
• 2,500 hours (nearly 75K miles) durability
Demonstrated world’s first Tri-generation station (CHHP with 54% efficiency)Up to 1,000 fuel cells with Recovery Act funding
*Based on projection to high-volume manufacturing (500,000 units/year).**Projected cost, based on analysis of state-of-the-art technology
Safety, Codes & Standards R&D ProgressDemonstration of cycle-life durability in excess of 50,000 refuelings for metal pressure vessels for forklift applications.Developed and validated models for evaluation of indoor refueling safety requirements
7 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Progress — Spurring Early Markets with
DOE Recovery Act ActivitiesDeployed more than 800 fuel cells to date for use in forklifts and backup power at several companies including Sprint, AT&T, FedEX, Kimberly Clark, and Whole Foods
Fuel Cell Application
Operational Fuel Cells
Total Fuel Cells Planned
Backup Power 360 539
Material Handling 467 504
Stationary 2 6
APU 0 3
Total 829 > 1,000
Deployment Status – August 2011ARRA Material Handling
Equipment DataAs of
12/31/2010
Hydrogen Dispensed > 18,500 kg
Hydrogen Fills > 38,800
Hours Accumulated > 307,400 hrs
NREL ARRA Data Collection Snapshot
Deployment Locations
MORE THAN 3,000 ADDITIONAL FUEL CELL FORKLIFTS PLANNED with NO DOE funding
DOE: $42 M Cost-share: $54 MTotal: $96 M.
8 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
EERE H2 & Fuel Cells Budgets
Funding ($ in thousands)
Key ActivityFY 2011
Appropriation ($ thousands)
FY 2012 Request ($ thousands)
Fuel Cell Systems R&D 43,000 45,450
Hydrogen Fuel R&D 33,000 35,000 Technology Validation 9,000 8,000
Safety, Codes & Standards 7,000 7,000
Systems Analysis 3,000 3,000 Manufacturing R&D 3,000 2,000
Total 98,000 100,450
Budget is approximately $100 million per yearMore than $1 billion spent by U.S. DOE in last four years
9 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Keep Doing the Critical Work for the Safe Deployment of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Safety is Essential for Success
The ICHS is the most prominent international conference on hydrogen safety. Your work is essential for the successful deployment of hydrogen and fuel cells and will pave the way for other clean energy technologies.
Thank you!
10 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Additional Information
11 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Fuel Cells: Benefits & Market Potential
The Role of Fuel Cells Key BenefitsVery High Efficiency
Reduced CO2 Emissions
• 35–50%+ reductions for CHP systems (>80% with biogas)
• 55–90% reductions for light-duty vehicles
• up to 60% (electrical) • up to 70% (electrical, hybrid fuel cell /
turbine) • up to 85% (with CHP)
Reduced Oil Use
• >95% reduction for FCEVs (vs. today’s gasoline ICEVs)
• >80% reduction for FCEVs (vs. advanced PHEVs)
Reduced Air Pollution
• up to 90% reduction in criteria pollutants for CHP systems
Fuel Flexibility
• Clean fuels — including biogas, methanol, H2
• Hydrogen — can be produced cleanly using sunlight or biomass directly, or through electrolysis, using renewable electricity
• Conventional fuels — including natural gas, propane, diesel
12 | Fuel Cell Technologies Program Source: U.S. DOE 04/22/2023 eere.energy.gov
Fuel Cell Vehicles - International Status
Many major automobile manufacturers have recently reaffirmed their commitment to develop fuel cell vehicles. Plans exist in Germany and Japan to expand the hydrogen infrastructure.
Daimler*• Small-series production of
FCEVs began in summer 2009
• Plans for tens of thousands of FCEVs per year in 2015 – 2017 and hundreds of thousands a few years after
Volkswagen
• Expanded demo fleet to 24 FCEVs in CA
• Recently reconfirmed commitment to FCEVs
Germany: Infrastructure
• Public/private partnership to build 1000 hydrogen stations by 2015
General Motors*• 115 vehicles in
demonstration fleet• 2012: Technology
readiness goal for FC powertrain
• 2015: Target for commercialization
Hyundai-Kia*• 2020: Planned expansion of
demo fleet to 500 vehicles• 2012: 1000 FCEVs/year • 2015: 10,000 FCEVs/year• “Borrego” FCEV has
achieved >340-mile range.
Toyota*• 2010-2013: U.S. demo fleet of
100 vehicles• 2015: Target for large-scale
commercialization• “FCHV-adv” has achieved 431-
mile range and 68 mpgge
Honda*• Clarity FCX named “World
Green Car of the Year”; EPA certified 72 mpgge; has begun leasing vehicles, with plans to lease 200
• 2015: Target for large-scale commercialization
Nissan*
Renault*
Ford** In Sept. 2009, many of the world’s major auto manufacturers signed a letter of understanding in support of fuel cell vehicles, anticipating widespread commercialization beginning in 2015 and calling for increased investment in refueling infrastructure.
SAIC (China)• Partnering with GM
to build 10 fuel cell vehicles in 2010
DOE 2010Japan: Infrastructure
• Alliance of 13 Japanese companies plans to develop commercial technologies by 2015 that will supply hydrogen for FCEVs.
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