Vocabulary + Pictures
• Loess – yellow fertile soil deposited on banks of the Huang He River
• Yu the Great – 1st Xia ruler who improved agriculture and flood control
• Animism – belief that everything has a spirit
• Oracle Bones – priests carve questions in bones, heat up, read cracks for answers
• Calligraphy – Chinese art of writing. 10,000+ symbols
• Feudalism- System of land control. Nobles grant land to lesser people that actually belongs to king.
• Mandate of Heaven – gods have chosen and given the right to rule to kings. Used to claim power.
• Dynastic Cycles – cyclical occurrence of different dynasties ruling
• Confucius- Founder of Confucianism. Writes the Analects.
• Confucianism- Philosophy stressing relationships and respect.
• Laozi – Founder of Daoism. Write the Dao de Jing.
• Daoism/Taoism- Philosophy stressing ideas to withdraw form the world and contemplate nature
• Bureaucracy – government organized into different levels and tasks
• Yin/Yang – Dualism of forces. Light/Dark, Male/female.
• Autocracy – government where the ruler has absolute power
• Qin Shi Huangdi – Cheng – leader of Qin Dynasty. Creates Great Wall and Terracotta Soldiers
• Legalism – philosophy stressing strict laws + harsh punishments
• Civil Service System – Administrative government with tests to get jobs.
• Liu Bang – Commoner who became a general and overthrows Qin Dynasty.
• Empress Lii – Liu Bangs wife ruled after her husband died. Ruled in place of her son the emperor.
• Emperor Wudi- Liu Bang’s great-grandson took over after Empress Lii and expands the Empire through warfare.
• Xiongnu – Nomads known for archery skills on horseback who attack the Han Dynasty.
• Silk Road – trade route connecting China to the Mediterranean Sea (Han)
• Grand Canal – Canal build connecting Huang He to Yangtze. (Sui Dynasty)
• Empress WuZhao/WuZetian – 1st woman to be Emperor. Expands
empire, controls Korea, helps trade. (Tang)
• Acupuncture- Medical practice of inserting needles into the body to relieve pain.
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