Patellofemoral Pain Difficult injury to deal with because the
MOI may be hard to isolate MOI: prolonged knee flexion, stairs,
squats, running S/S: pain in the front of the knee or behind the
kneecap, knee giving way, crepitus, mild swelling
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Patellofemoral Pain Treatment: correct biomechanics that is
causing misalignment, strengthen quads, patella tape, orthotics,
braces
Patella Dislocation MOI: knee bent and forced inward S/S:
obvious deformity, pain, immediate swelling Treatment: reduce,
immobilize, check ligaments, RICE Rehab: strengthening, ROM
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Osgood-Schlatter Involves tibial tubercle epiphysis Males
12-16, Females 10- 14 MOI: traction of quads S/S: pain, swelling,
weakness in quads, lump, pain with palpation
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Osgood-Schlatter Treatment: control pain, swelling, and
flexibility Wear protective pad or knee sleeve Ice after all
activity Take NSAIDs Stretch hamstrings
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IT Band Syndrome Iliotibial Band: thick fibrous tissue on
lateral side of thigh ITB Syndrome is irritation of the ITB when it
crosses muscles and bone at lateral epicondyle
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IT Band Syndrome Caused by increased mileage, foot and knee
misalignment, leg length discrepancies Treatment: RICE, stretch,
correct biomechanical problems
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MCL MOI: blow to outside of knee resulting in valgus force S/S:
pain on medial joint line or at attachments of MCL, decreased ROM,
swelling Treatment: RICE, crutches Rehab: ROM, strengthening
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ACL Females who participate in basketball and soccer are four
to six times more likely to tear ACL than males who play the same
sport 70% of ACL injuries in females are noncontact Influencing
factors Biomechanical: quadriceps, landing Hormones Environmental:
playing surface, shoe type Anatomic: femoral notch, Q-angle
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ACL MOI: noncontact or contact, rapid change of direction No
degreeseither torn or not S/S: pop, swelling, loose knee, pain
Special Test: Anterior Drawer, Lachmans, should be performed before
guarding sets in Diagnosed with MRI Treatment: RICE, crutches, knee
immobilizer, surgery
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PCL Most common MOI is car accident-knee hitting the dashboard
Use sag test to diagnosis Usually non-surgical Rehab to restore
strength and ROM
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Meniscus Medial meniscus is attached more securely on the back
and medial side of the knee. It does not more around easily which
is why its torn more often MOI: sudden knee twisting S/S: clicking,
pain with flexion As one ages, meniscus lose rubbery consistency
and tear more easily
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Special Tests Apprehension: Patella dislocation Valgus Stress
Test: MCL Varus Stress Test: LCL Lachmens and Anterior Drawer: ACL
Posterior Drawer: PCL McMurrays: Meniscus
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Rehab ROM: heel prop, heel slides Strengthening: Straight leg
raises, total knee extensions, step ups Balance: on foam pad,
rebounder Functional: speed ladder, carioca, cutting