CGIAR-EARS Partnership Dialogue Meeting December 3-4, 2014
Addis Ababa Bekele Abeyo CIMMYT Country Representative CIMMYTs
44-years of Collaborative Research for Development in Ethiopia
Slide 2
CIMMYT is a Spanish acronym for International Maize and Wheat
Improvement Center -Established in 1966 -Offices in 14 countries
-More than 700 research and support staff from 50 countries
Slide 3
CIMMYTs Mission To sustainably increase the productivity of
Maize and Wheat systems to ensure global food security and reduce
poverty
Slide 4
- CIMMYT-Ethiopia relationship started in 1968 - MoU signed and
office opened with two staff members in 1987 - Area of
collaboration - Germplasm supply - Capacity building - Crop and
natural resource management - Socio-economic research CIMMYT in
Ethiopia
Slide 5
Why Maize and Wheat Matter? About 14 million Ethiopian HHs
(> 70 million people) in rural areas grow maize and wheat, for
food and income. Maize and wheat occupy almost 4 million hectares
Percent contribution of maize and wheat in cereals (FAOSTAT,
2011)
Slide 6
Relative importance of maize and wheat in Ethiopia (Area,
Production, and Productivity) Source: CSA, 2013/14
Slide 7
Highlights of Activities
Slide 8
CIMMYT Staff in Ethiopia Current total staff: 34 12
Internationally Recruited Staff 16 National Research Staff 6
National Support Staff
Slide 9
CIMMYT Current Projects (15) Maize -NuME - Nutritious Maize for
Ethiopia - CIDA/DFATD -SIMLESA - Sustainable Intensification of
Maize-Legume Systems - ACIAR -DTMaSS Drought Tolerant Maize Seed
Scaling - USAID -DTMA- Drought Tolerant Maize For Africa BMGF -TAMA
- Taking Maize Agronomy to the Scale - BMGF -AP - Adoption Pathways
- ACIAR Wheat -DRRW- Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat - BMGF -WSSP
- Wheat Seed and Surveillance Project - USAID Cross cutting
-CASFESA - Conservation Agriculture and Smallholder Farmers in
Africa IFAD -CCAFS - Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security
-FACASI - Farm Power and Conservation Agriculture for Sustainable -
- Intensification ACIAR -M&WFP DNA Finger Printing Maize and
Wheat Varieties - BMGF -AR - Africa Rising -GYGA - Global Yield Gap
Atlas -T4F- Trees for Food - ACIAR
Slide 10
Active projects on major challenges in the maize & wheat
systems to sustainably increase productivity Climate Change CCAFS
DTMA DTMaSS Quality & Sustainability NuME SIMLESA T4F AR GYGA
AP Farm Machineries & Management FACASI CASFESA TAMA Wheat
Rusts DRRW WSSP Food & Nutritional Security
Slide 11
Comparative advantage Complementarity Commitment Partnership
Modality CIMMYT EARES End users
Slide 12
MoA and RBoA EIAR and its research centers Regional ARIs and
their research centers Other CG Centers ATA Public and private seed
producers Universities and NGOs, SG2000 Cooperative Unions Public
and private mechanization importers, dealers and manufacturers Farm
Radio International (FRI) ATVET Centers EPHI, MoH and Regional BoH
CIMMYT - Ethiopias National Partners
Slide 13
CIMMYTs key areas of focus Germplasm supply and variety release
Physical capacity building Human capacity building Project
development and financial support Conferencing and networking
Technical support and backstopping Empowering NARS to access other
services
Slide 14
CIMMYT empower NARS to access other services (Global &
Regional) Entry point to some services: MARS for targeting key
traits DH facility (Kiboko, Kenya) Tryptophan and lysine content
analysis (CIMMYT-Mexico) MLN screening facility (Naivasha, KE)
Eastern Africa rust screening site (Njoro, KE)
Slide 15
Example: Robust Molecular Tool Pipeline for Accelerating Maize
Breeding Waterlogging Heat BLSB PUE Tar spot Striga Provitamin A
MSV qHIR1 Drought NUE MLN CSC GLS TLB
Slide 16
Maize DH Facility for Africa at Kiboko, Kenya
Slide 17
MLN Screening Facility at KALRO-Naivasha, KE
Slide 18
Achievements
Slide 19
Germplasm Supply Since 1968, annually, about 6,000 7,000 maize
and wheat germplasm are introduced and tested jointly with NARS
under local environments As a result, 31 maize and 88 wheat
varieties were released with CIMMYT Origin (next slide)
Productivity of both maize and wheat have doubled in the last 10
years
Slide 20
Variety Releases Number of maize and wheat varieties developed
and disseminated with CIMMYT origin 30 of 42 (i.e. 71%) maize
varieties released under the NARS have CIMMYT origin. 70% MAIZE
WHEAT
Slide 21
Physical Capacity Building Field machineries: plot planter,
plot combiner, threshers, tractors Houses: lath, green, ware and
head houses, stores Vehicles: station wagons & pickups (>18
for last 5 years), and motor cycles (36) Cold rooms: deep freezers,
humidifiers Irrigation Systems: ponds, sprinklers (2 seasons/year)
Office Computers: desktops, laptops, moisture tester, bags,
envelopes etc. Lab equipment & chemicals: NIR, balances, seed
counters, moisture testers
Slide 22
Examples of equipment, cold room, vehicles, and modern store
donated or constructed
Slide 23
Transforming Kulumsa WCoE from manual planting to plot
drill
Slide 24
Transforming Kulumsa WCoE from manual to combine harvest
Slide 25
Human Capacity Building Short term trainings (local or
international): On average, about 100 trainees per year, >4000
alumni of CIMMYT training program trained in areas of: Seed
production, quality control and business management Crop
improvement (Agronomy/Pathology etc.) Data management Nutrition and
utilization Gender mainstreaming Innovation and technology scaling
out Long term trainings Over years, more than 200 students (PhD +
MSc) supported by CIMMYT During the last five years (11 PhD + 28
MSc) Mentoring, hands-on trainings and student supervision
Slide 26
Adapting to Climate Change CIMMYT collaborated with EARS on:
Analyzing past climate changes, including extreme temperatures and
drought Downscaling and analyzing future (2030 and 2050) climate
conditions (temperature extremes, drought prevalence and trends,
etc.) Building a national climate database (1980-2050) Supporting
the national climate change adaptation strategy initiatives
Slide 27
Impacts of Sustained Collaborations
Slide 28
Percent area covered under improved seed of maize
Slide 29
Area and Production Trends of Maize in Ethiopia
(1990-2013)
Slide 30
Area and Production Trends of Wheat in Ethiopia (1965
2013)
Slide 31
Challenges
Slide 32
Climate change with traditional farming system Erratic rain,
drought and heat Lack of suitable machinery and skills of operation
Natural resource degradation Lack of coordinated efforts to
emerging diseases of global threats Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN) New
races of wheat rust (TKTTF)
Slide 33
Challenges Wheat Rusts Stem & Yellow rusts are the most
serious constraints in wheat Recurrent epidemics Yellow rust 2010,
Stem rust 2013/14; 2014/15 Evolving new races - a major threat to
Ethiopias (and global) wheat production Ug99 race group, Digalu
race (TKTTF) Yr27 (Kubsa, Galema) Ethiopia & CGIAR (CIMMYT
& ICARDA) are part of the global initiative to address
rusts
Slide 34
Limitations The centers inability to establish HCA with
Ethiopian Government Long-term sustained funding Some restrictions
on exchange of germplasm High staff turnover with partners
Slide 35
Future Areas of Collaboration Build national research capacity
with new and novel tools and techniques (e.g., MAS, Genotypic
Selection) Develop long term strategy for emerging disease threats
(integrated disease management systems) Enhance the adaptive
capacity of farmers to climate change
Slide 36
Future Areas of Collaboration Strengthen national capacity
(e.g., quarantine, research-extension linkages) Gender focused,
value chain analysis CA with precise management of inputs Precision
phenotyping Take it to the farmers- Sustainable Seed /Technology
delivery
Slide 37
Thanks! The historical legacy of the CIMMYT founder and
pioneering scientists will be further strengthened and continued in
the agricultural transformation of Ethiopia and the region. Dr. N.
Borlaug Nobel Peace Prize Winner & The father of Green
Revolution in Asia Dr. S. Rajaram, 2014 - World Food Prize
Winner