7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
1/45
Program Peningkatan 2Q
Kimia SPM
Penceramah: Lee Sok Yan
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
2/45
1. Kertas 2
a. Teknik Menjawab
b. Bengkel
(i) Menulis skema pemarkahan
(ii) Menanda kertas
2. Kertas 3
a. a. Teknik Menjawab
b. Bengkel(i) Menulis skema pemarkahan
(ii) Menanda kertas
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
3/45
Technique of Answering
SPM Chemistry Paper 2
1. Underline the command word and note the marks
allocated. 1 point is awarded 1 mark.
2. Underline also important data or information
given so that you do not miss any helpful facts.
3. You are not required to answer in complete
sentences. Answer according to what the
question requires.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
4/45
Write the name and not the formula of thesubstance.
Q: Name the gas collected at the anode during theelectrolysis of dilute sulphuric acid. [1 mark]
X: O2
Name
A: Oxygen gas
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
5/45
State what can be observed and not the name of theproduct/s.
Q: What is observed when zinc powder is added to
dilute sulphuric acid? [1 mark]
X: Hydrogen gas or H2
State an observation
A: Effervescence occurs/ gas bubbles are
produced
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
6/45
For colour change, state the initial and final colour.
Q: What is observed when chlorine water is added
to iron(II) sulphate solution until there is no further
change? [1 mark]
X: Solution turns brown.
State an observation
A: Pale green solution turns brown
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
7/45
Describe how a test for an ion or a gas is carried out bystating (i) the method and (ii) the expected observation.
Q: State how you would verify that the gas released at the
cathode is hydrogen. [1 mark]
X: Test with a lighted splinter.
Describe a test
A: Place a lighted splinter at the mouth of thetest tube. A pop sound is heard.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
8/45
Explain
Give reasons for a statement/ fact/ principle.
Q: Blue litmus paper in a solution of hydrogen chloride in
methylbenzene remains unchanged. Explain the
observation. [2 marks]
X: The solution does not show acidic properties.
X: Hydrogen chloride cannot dissolve in methylbenzene.
A: Hydrogen chloride molecules cannot ionise inmethylbenzene.// The solution consists of molecules
only.
No hydrogen ions present.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
9/45
State the meaning/ Give definition
Definition must be accurate.
Q: State the meaning of a hydrocarbon.
X: An organic compound which has carbon and hydrogen.
A: An organic compound which has only carbon and
hydrogen.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
10/45
Calculations:
1. Show working
2. Write the unit for the final answer
Calculate
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
11/45
Diagrams:a. Draw diagrams using a pencil.
b. Draw diagrams to a reasonable size.
c. Make sure that the set-up of the apparatusdrawn works.
d. Label all chemicals in words and label the main
apparatus.
Draw diagrams
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
12/45
Copper atom Tin atom
(a) Draw the arrangement of atoms in bronze, an
alloy of copper.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
13/45
Copper(II) carbonate
(b) Draw the set-up of the apparatus to investigate the
decomposition of copper(II) carbonate on heating.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
14/45
(c) Draw the structures of the two isomers of propanol.
propan-1-ol propan-2-ol
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
15/45
Pb2+ + SO42-
PbSO4
Energy
H = -50.4kJ mol -1
(d) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction
between lead(II) nitrate and sodium sulphate solution.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
16/45
IMPORTANT DIAGRAMS
The Structure Of Atom
- Determination of melting and boiling point of naphthalene- Particle arrangement in solid, liquid and gas
Chemical Formulae and Equations
- Determination of empirical formula of
magnesium oxide & copper(II) oxide
Periodic Table
- Reactions between chlorine gas and iron
Chemical Bond
- The electron arrangement in ionic and covalent compound.
Sodium chloride/ Magnesium chloride
Tetrachloromethane/ Carbon dioxide
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
17/45
IMPORTANT DIAGRAMS
Electrochemistry
- Electrolysis of molten compound and aqueous solution- Voltaic cell with a salt bridge or a porous pot
Acids and bases
- Reaction between acid and carbonate
- Titration
Salts
- Effect of heating on carbonates and nitrates
Manufactured Substances in Industry
- Comparison of the arrangement of atoms in a pure metal and
an alloy
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
18/45
Common Mistakes Students Make
1. Names of ionsInaccurate Correct
Chlorine ion Chloride ion
Oxygen ion Oxide ion
Hydroxide Hydroxide ion
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
19/45
Common Mistakes Students Make
2. Half-equations
Inaccurate Correct
Mg - 2e Mg2+ Mg Mg2+ + 2e
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
20/45
Common Mistakes Students Make
3. Structure of the Atom
Q: Explain why Q and R are placed in the same period.
[1 mark]
Inaccurate Correct
Atoms of Q and R have the
same number of shells
Atoms of Q and R have the
same number of shells
filled with electrons.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
21/45
Common Mistakes Students Make
3. Explanation using Collision TheoryQ: Explain how temperature affects the rate of reaction
between zinc and hydrochloric acid. [4 marks]
Inaccurate Correct
At a higher temperature, the
particles move faster.
Collision frequency increases.
Effective collision frequency
increases.Rate of reaction increases.
At a higher temperature, the
particles move faster.
Collision frequency between
zinc atoms and hydrogen
ions increases.Effective collision frequency
increases.
Rate of reaction increases.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
22/45
Section B
Essay Questions
SPM 2004 B (1)
Diagram 1 shows the chemical symbols which representelements X, Y and Z.
(a) Write the electron arrangement of atoms X and Y.
[2 marks](b) The reaction between atoms of X and Y forms an ionic
compound whereas the reaction between atoms of Y and Z
forms a covalent compound. Explain how these ionic and
covalent compounds are formed. [8 marks]
35
Y17
12
Z6
23
X11
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
23/45
Avoid general answers that do not refer to X, Y or Z.
Inaccurate answer Correct Answer
1(a) X 2:8:1 Y 2:8:7 X 2.8.1 Y 2.8.7(b) - To be stable
- X donates one electron to
form a positive ion
- Y receives one electron toform a negative ion
- To attain stable electron
arrangement/ octet electron
arrangement- Atom of X donates one
electron to form a positive
ion
- Atom of Y receives one
electron to form a negative
ion
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
24/45
Inaccurate answer Correct Answer
-X and Y attract each
other with a strong
electrostatic force
-X+ ion and Y- ion
attract each other with a
strong electrostatic force
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
25/45
Wrong or inaccurate answer Correct Answer
1(b) Y and Z contribute/share 4 pairs of electrons
-Atom of Y and atom of Zshare one pair of
electrons.
-Four atoms of Y shareelectrons with one atom of
Z to form
a molecule with the
formula ZY4.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
26/45
YY
Y
Y
Z
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
27/45
Section C
A longer answer is usually needed in this section.Part of the questions in this section may involve
experiments.
Do not use formulae or symbols in your
explanations except in writing chemical equations.
All names of chemicals or reagents must be
written in words.All diagrams of set up of apparatus must be
functional, drawn to a reasonable size and labeled.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
28/45
Use words showing the key action when writing
the procedure of an experiment.
Eg. Add one chemical to anotherStir evenly
Heat gently/ strongly
State quantities used:
Solutions mention volume and concentration
Solids mention a certain mass/ whether an
excess amount should be used
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
29/45
SPM 2003 C(4)(c)
You are required to prepare dry magnesium
chloride salt. Describe a laboratory experiment to
prepare the salt. In your description, include the
chemical equation involved. [10 marks]
Sample answer:
Materials: Magnesium/ magnesium oxide/
magnesium carbonate and dilute hydrochloricacid.
Apparatus: Beaker, filter funnel, filter paper,
Bunsen burner, evaporating dish, glass rod.
Proced re
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
30/45
Procedure:
1. (30-200) cm3 of (0.5 2.0) mol dm-3 hydrochloric
acid is poured into a beaker and heated.2. Magnesium/ magnesium oxide/ magnesium
carbonate is added into the acid and stirred
3. It is added until it is in excess .
4. The mixture is filtered to remove the excess
magnesium/ magnesium oxide/ magnesiumcarbonate.
5. The filtrate is heated in an evaporating dish until
saturated/ concentrated .
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
31/45
6. The saturated solution is left to cool .
7. The mixture is filtered and
8. the crystals are dried between pieces of filter
paper.
Equation:
MgO + 2 HCl MgCl2 + H2O
[Max 10 marks]
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
32/45
CHEMISTRY PAPER 3
Assessment of science process skills.
16 aspects:
Observe (Memerhati)
Classify (Mengelas)Measure (Mengukur menggunakan nombor)
Make inference (Membuat inferens)
Predict (Meramal)
Communicate present information using tables,
graphs etc (Berkomunikasi)
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
33/45
Relate change in a parameter with time (Menggunakan
perhubungan ruang dan masa)
Interpret data (Mentafsirkan data)
Define operationally (Mendefinisi secara operasi)Control variables (Mengawal pembolehubah)
Make a hypothesis (Membuat hipotesis)
Plan an experiment (Mengeksperimen)a. Problem statement
b. Hypothesis
c. Variables
d. Materials and apparatuse. Procedure
f. Tabulation of data
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
34/45
SPM 2010
Plan one laboratory experiment to investigate the
effect of a catalyst on the rate of reaction between
metal and acid. Use copper(II) sulphate solution as
the catalyst. [17 marks]
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
35/45
Problem statement/ Aim, Hypothesis, Variables- can be concluded from the situation given.
Planning an experiment
a) Aim:
To investigate the effect of a catalyst on the rate of
reaction
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
36/45
(b)
Manipulated variable:
Presence of copper(II) sulphate solution
Responding variable:
Rate of reaction
Constant variable:Volume and concentration of sulphuric acid/
mass of zinc
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
37/45
(c) Hypothesis:
The presence of copper(II) sulphate solution increases
the rate of reaction between zinc and dilute sulphuricacid.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
38/45
Materials and apparatus:
(i) Write separate lists
(ii) State the physical state of substances used
- sodium hydroxide solution, magnesium oxide powder,zinc powder, oxygen gas
(iii) State the correct quantity
- Volume[20 - 200 cm3] HCl
- Mass (solid)[ 2-5 g zinc power]
- concentration[0.5-2.0 mol dm-3]
Planning an experiment
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
39/45
(d) Substances:
Zinc strip, 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, 0.5 mol dm-3
copper(II) sulphate solution
Apparatus:
Conical flask [150 250] cm3, measuring cylinder,
sandpaper, ruler, stopwatch
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
40/45
Planning an experiment
Procedure:
Steps taken must include apparatus and quantity of
materials.
(e) Procedure:
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
41/45
(e) Procedure:
1.Measure 5 cm of zinc strip and clean
with sandpaper.2. Place zinc strip in a conical flask.
3. Measure 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric
acid with a measuring cylinder.
4. Pour the sulphuric acid into the conical
flask and start the stopwatch immediately.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
42/45
5. Swirl the conical flask and record the
time taken for the zinc strip to completely
react with the acid.6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 by adding 20 cm3 of
0.5 mol dm-3 copper(II) sulphate solution.
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
43/45
Tabulation of Data
(i) The number of columns and rows is determined by
the manipulated variable and responding variable.
(ii) Units (if related) must be written for all the titles(iii) Do NOT write the observation, inference or
conclusion in the table.
Communicate
(f) T b l i f D
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
44/45
Experiment Time taken/ s
5 cm zinc+ 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
5 cm zinc+ 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
+ 20 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 copper(II)
sulphate solution
(f) Tabulation of Data
7/30/2019 Ceramah 2Q (2)
45/45
Prepared by:
Lee Sok Yan
SMK Damansara Utama
Time is like a river.
You cannot touch the same water twice,
because the flow that has passed
will never pass again.
Top Related